CN1471244A - Method for realizing Ethernet passive optical fiber network - Google Patents
Method for realizing Ethernet passive optical fiber network Download PDFInfo
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- CN1471244A CN1471244A CNA021362599A CN02136259A CN1471244A CN 1471244 A CN1471244 A CN 1471244A CN A021362599 A CNA021362599 A CN A021362599A CN 02136259 A CN02136259 A CN 02136259A CN 1471244 A CN1471244 A CN 1471244A
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Abstract
The method includes the step for allotting time slot by using OLT, ONU upward channel based on devices at current ONU end. Also the invention includes following steps. (1) TDMA treatment of Ethernet data packets is completed in MAC layer of upward channel through software by microcomputer, including the treatment of changing size of data packet as well as the operation that in the time period of transmitting and receiving corresponding data, the controller enables or closes pulsed light module in order to transmit or receive data of each ONU user. (2) Synchronous mark is sent through data frame in downward channel by OLT. Each ONU uses the synchronous mark to synchronize LT clock. (3) The first time slot after each synchronous mark in upward and downward data frame is fixed as the ranging time slot. (4) OLT and each ONU matching the said time slot completes the procedure for ranging a node.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fiber optic network transmission class, relate in particular to the control method of broadband passive optical network transmission system.
Background technology
At present, because the fast development of Internet business, the Network Provider of all parts of the world is the arrival of meeting the IP epoch, setting about carrying out the network capacity extension with all strength, along with large capacity exchanger, router and dense wave division multipurpose (DWDM) fiber optic transmission system arises at the historic moment, the capacity problem of puzzlement core net is for many years solved, and core net shared cost ratio in whole network also descends significantly.But the bottleneck problem of capacity and cost is shifted the Access Network hop again onto.The problem that perplexs telecom operators today mainly is how to tackle the develop rapidly and the aggressive competition of rival of internet broadband access demand.Therefore they need promote message capacity exponentially, reduces cost, and provides professional rapidly, and Access Network connects huge numbers of families.The user also varies to the demand of business, the transmission range of various places, user density, applied environment also have a great difference, various access technologies are tried hard to consolidate existing position and are expanded new application space, broadband is when the difficult problem of forward swing in face of each access technology, is the test of access technology in the new century survival ability.Optical fiber is not only sought hegemony in transmission network because of its bandwidth potential, also can occupy the leading position of transmission medium in the nature of things in Access Network, particularly when bandwidth becomes traffic bottleneck.
In traditional all optical network connecting system, the operator of various places has proposed many different transmission meanss, mainly utilize fiber-to-the-subscriber (FTTH) that optical fiber forms, optical fiber to office (FTTExch), optical fiber (FTTCab/c) reaches that Fiber To The Building to distributing box/roadside/office (FTTB/O), these networks can provide the bandwidth of infinite indeed.(CO) installs expensive active electronic equipment to whole path optical fiber (point-to-point) of each customer site at the two ends of each optical fiber but it lays from the central office, connects at all optical fiber of CO end management.But Access Network is because distance is short, and the cost height of photoelectricity terminal part makes this connecting system be difficult to be used widely in real system; And beautify along with each is metropolitan, brightening, modern construction, complicated optical fiber wiring also more and more is subjected to the restriction of various subjective and objective conditions.
Passive optical-fiber network EPON based on ethernet technology is that a kind of some topological logic to multiple spot that adopts replaces original point-to-point transmission system, it has eliminated active electronic equipment (regenerator for example, amplifier and laser), adopt the transmission technology of passive optical coupler and time division multiplexing (TDMA) to pass to a plurality of user sides from the Ethernet data of central office (CO), reduced the quantity of laser required in the CO, thereby overcome the shortcoming of point-to-point fiber distribution scheme in the traditional fiber network, for configuration light line attachment between Central Exchange and curstomer`s site provides a kind of transmission method cheaply, also simplified the structure and the configuration of network, alleviated and built maintenance workload into the net future.
But, EPON structurally is divided into 3 parts, be used to insert the optical line terminal (OLT) of local side, the optical network unit (ONU) that connects user side and the optical fiber distribution network (ODN) that the above two are coupled together, down going channel adopts broadcast mode, and the data that OLT sends receive for all ONU.Data feedback channel then adopts time division multiplexing (TDMA) mode, will form uplink frame from the time slot peace permanent order of each ONU.In present PON system, APON has standard, is to be based upon on the basis of cell transmission.EPON also is shaped at present and seeks unity of standard, at Ethernet PON (EPON) TDMA Interface in PHY Layer and other considerations (IEEE 802.3 EFM StudyGroup, Portland, OR, July 10-12,2001) all TDMA is distributed the physical layer that is placed on ONU to realize in suggestion and other relevant documentation.But in this frame mode, the TDMA of EPON system realizes being limited in the special-purpose physical chip, and EPON user can only adopt special-purpose EPON physical chip ability networking, thereby has limited the application of EPON system.Because TDMA realizes in physical layer, can not cut apart again Ethernet data bag, processing such as reorganization from the user.In Ethernet PON (EPON) TDMA Interface in PHY Layer and other considerations suggestion, the used time slot of finding range is not carried out refinement yet.
Summary of the invention
The implementation method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Ethernet passive optical-fiber network solves an above-mentioned difficult problem, to realize in the EPON system as the many-side needs of multimedia services such as speech, data, image when the transmission over networks.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of implementation method of Ethernet passive optical-fiber network, comprise and utilize existing Ethernet MAC, microcontroller, common reception optical module and pulsing optical module to constitute ONU end equipment, adopt the step of the time slot allocation of OLT, ONU and data feedback channel.The invention reside in also and comprise the following steps:
1, the TDMA that finishes the Ethernet data bag by software at the MAC of data feedback channel layer by microprocessor handles, and comprises the change of packet size, in the data transmission and time of reception section of correspondence, controller enables or cuts out the pulsed light module, so that send or receive each ONU user's data.
2, in the Frame of down going channel, send synchronous mark by OLT, each ONU utilizes the synchronous OLT clock of this synchronous mark.
3, the 1st time slot behind each synchronous mark in the up-downgoing Frame is fixed as ranging slot.
4, cooperatively interact to finish the ranging process of node by this time slot by OLT and each ONU.
Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, the method of salary distribution of time division multiplexing tdm A has been mentioned data link layer from physical layer, broken away from of the constraint of EPON system to special-purpose EPON physical chip, use the chip of ripe ethernet technology, reduce cost, help the user according to separately needs, distribute time slot neatly in data link layer, definition frame structure and recombination data frame, the user also can insert needed host-host protocol as required neatly, reduce the networking cost of operator and just establish money, promoted the application of EPON in the broadband access network system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the layer of structure schematic diagram of a kind of EPON of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of ONU node device circuit module schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of a kind of OLT end hardware block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a kind of downlink frame structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a kind of uplink frame structure chart of the present invention.
Main mark among the figure:
1, user side Ethernet interface 2, ONU controller 3, burst sends optical module 4, common reception optical module
5, common emission and reception module 6, OTL controller 7, common transmission optical module 8, burst receives optical module
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is done as detailed below:
In Fig. 1, (a) be the EPON hierarchy that IEEE 802.3 EFM Study Group mention in Ethernet PON (EPON) TDMA Interface inPHY Layer and other considerations suggestion, (b) be the EPON hierarchy that proposes among the present invention.Wherein (A), (B) and (D) be physical layer, (E) and (F) be data link layer, (C) being the TDMA that is integrated in the physical layer, (E) is that the tdma slot that is based upon on the data link layer distributes, and this layer can be finished the distribution of time slot, the timesharing transmission and the related data link layer communications of Frame.PCS is a Physical Coding Sublayer, and PMD is the physical medium independent sub-layer, and PMA is the physical medium additional sub.
In Fig. 2, A, B are the sending and receiving data wire of user side Ethernet interface 1 to ONU controller 2, and its speed is generally 10M or 100M, and C sends the transmission data wire of (pulse) optical module 3 for gone burst by ONU controller 2.D is the reception data wire by common reception optical module 4 to ONU controllers 2.E is that common reception optical module 4 extracts the clock signal that sends optical module 3 uses for burst.The ONU controller is 2 one kinds of ethernet bridging devices, can be made of microprocessor+MAC or other asic chip, mainly the optical module at two ends is carried out the work such as read-write, processing and forwarding of control, management and packet.
In Fig. 3, C, D are the signals that common emission and reception module 5 links to each other with OLT controller 6, and E is the transmission data wire of OLT controller 6 to common transmission optical module 7, is the transmitting terminal of all down user datas.F is that burst receives the reception data wire of optical module 8 to OLT controller 6, and all data feedback channel user data timesharing here receive.Common emission and reception module 5 links to each other with other metropolitan area network equipments such as local side routers.OLT controller 6 also is a kind of Ethernet interface bridger.Its function and realization are same as ONU side controller 2.
In Fig. 4, downlink frame is a superframe, is made of and synchronous mark and inter packet gap are formed different ONU subframes.Each subframe is made up of frame head, payload and check word.Each superframe duration is 2ms, and the sub-frame number that is comprised in each superframe is indefinite and do not have a time sequencing.In the drawings, the 1st time slot behind the synchronous mark is decided to be the ranging slot of EPON system, is used for the ranging process of EPON system.
In Fig. 5, to be with between subframe, synchronous mark and the parlor safety of up superframe and to form by each ONU, each superframe duration is 2ms.Each activates ONU user and all distributes a fixing time slot, fixedly can send a plurality of packets in the effective duration of time slot at this.The same descending sub frame of each subframe structure.In the drawings, the 1st time slot behind the synchronous mark is decided to be ranging slot, is used for the ranging process of EPON system.
In sum, in the working control process, control method of the present invention is in conjunction with the above, and its concrete control has following content and step:
At first, realize the TDMA processing is risen to data link layer from physical layer by EPON, it still is common ethernet physical layer chip down, (shown in Fig. 1 (b)).The realization of this data link layer TDMA structure can constitute by microprocessor+MAC and optical module, forms OLT side controller, (as shown in Figure 2) at the OLT end.
Secondly, form ONU controller, (as shown in Figure 3) at the ONU end.The function of its microprocessor+MAC can be integrated in ASIC, or adopts other technology to realize.OLT end equipment receives optical module 8 by OLT controller+common transmission optical module 7 and burst (pulse) and constitutes; ONU end equipment sends optical module 3 by common reception optical module 4 of ONU controller 2+ and burst (pulse) and constitutes.
Again secondly, to carry out TDMA in data link layer from the user data of high level by microprocessor handles, and can when doing the TDMA processing, user data be merged and decompose according to user data package and working condition, promptly long bag splits into short bag and the weak point inclusion and the bag of growing up.
Moreover, utilize existing Ethernet physical chip and pulsed light module through the data that TDMA handles, under the control of processor, periodically enable and close OLT and ONU pulsed light module, finish the reception and the transmission of user data, realize the function of EPON system.
Then, OLT is at the initial synchronous mark that all contains of descending each Frame, and each ONU utilizes this synchronous mark to adjust the clock of this equipment.
At last, for further improving the ranging process of EPON, among the present invention range finding has also been done an arrangement with time slot, be fixed as the 1st time slot behind the synchronous mark as ranging slot, the transmitting-receiving that (seeing Fig. 4 downlink frame structure and Fig. 5 uplink frame structure), all ONU and OLT are all found range and wrapped by this time slot in ranging process.Tdma slot at data feedback channel divides timing, and the time slot away from synchronous mark distributes at first, has only when all time slots all are used, and the 1st time slot just is assigned to last node device.When equipment off-line or vacant time slot are arranged in the frame, as the 1st time slot by CU, then the 1st time slot user is moved to this vacant time slot, range finding is used when inserting for successor devices to vacate the 1st time slot, and the 1st time slot extends to the ranging process of other EPON system among the present invention as ranging slot.
In control procedure, the process of the range finding of OLT and ONU is summarized as follows:
1, when all being cold start-up for all ONU:
1. after each ONU starts, after detecting frame synchronization information, remove the RTT value and be changed to 0, and (guarantee in up first time slot) immediately to send out a range finding application, comprise the node number of this ONU in this application information to OLT;
2. and then OLT sends the range finding bag behind the downlink frame synchronous head after up first time slot is received this application, wherein comprises the node number of the ONU of application range finding;
3. this ONU sends out a confirmation to OLT immediately after receiving the range finding bag, and OLT issues the time slot authorization message and gives this ONU after receiving this passback acknowledge message, comprises the RTT value and the compensation of delay value of distributed time slot, this website.ONU is the time slot value and the RTT offset of information updating oneself in view of the above;
4. if following situation, ONU or OLT will wait for and initiate application and range finding behind at random several frames more again:
When a plurality of ONU initiate test application appearance conflict simultaneously,
Or ONU the specific time after the range finding application of sending do not receive the range finding bag,
Or ONU send range finding bag back TIMEOUT do not receive in the time passback confirmation,
Or ONU sends behind the back information and does not receive time slot allocation information in the specified time interval.
5. the principle of time slot allocation is that last time slot distributes at first, and first time slot distributes at last;
6. after each ONU is assigned to time slot, OLT will regularly detect the initial Start of time slot sign of each time slot, if certain time slot does not detect this sign, then OLT regards as empty slot, represent that this ONU has closed or off-line, OLT sends the webmaster order, and the ONU time slot that comes top effective time slot is moved time slot so far, guarantees that empty slot is first time slot.
7. OLT detects the time of advent of the start of timeslot of each ONU transmission, dynamically adjusts the value of RTT, issues ONU by descending order then and carries out the time slot fine setting.
2; when having distributed the ONU power-off restarting of time slot; remain at up first time slot and initiate the range finding application; after repeating to finish range finding; each ONU starts timer internal according to the RTT value and the distributed time slot number of this website, opens up optical module transmission level in the boundary belt before the ascending time slot of correspondence oneself, sends data; time slot is closed transmission level after finishing, and avoids other ONU is caused interference.
Claims (3)
1. the implementation method of an Ethernet passive optical-fiber network, comprise and utilize existing Ethernet MAC, microcontroller, common reception optical module and pulsing optical module to constitute ONU end equipment, adopt the step of the time slot allocation of OLT, ONU and data feedback channel, it is characterized in that it also comprises the following steps:
1) TDMA that finishes the Ethernet data bag by software at the MAC of data feedback channel layer by microprocessor handles, comprise the change of packet size, in the data transmission and time of reception section of correspondence, controller enables or cuts out the pulsed light module, so that send or receive each ONU user's data;
2) send synchronous mark by OLT in the Frame of down going channel, each ONU utilizes the synchronous OLT clock of this synchronous mark;
3) the 1st time slot behind each synchronous mark in the up-downgoing Frame is fixed as ranging slot;
4) cooperatively interact to finish the ranging process of node by this time slot by OLT and each ONU.
2. the implementation method of a kind of Ethernet passive optical-fiber network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the 1st) also comprise the following steps: in the step
1)) at first, the TDMA processing is risen to data link layer from physical layer by EPON;
2)) form the ONU controller at the ONU end;
3)) user data from high level is carried out TDMA in data link layer and handle, and user data is merged and decomposes by microprocessor;
4)) OLT and ONU pulsed light module under the control of processor, periodically enabled and close, the reception and the transmission of user data finished.
3. the implementation method of a kind of Ethernet passive optical-fiber network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the 4th) also comprise the following steps: in the step
When 1)) all being cold start-up for all ONU:
A. each ONU start detection is removed the RTT value and is changed to 0 behind frame synchronization information, and sends out a range finding application to OLT immediately;
And then B.OLT sends the range finding bag behind the downlink frame synchronous head after up first time slot is received this application;
C. this ONU sends out a confirmation to OLT immediately after receiving range finding bag, and OLT issues the time slot authorization message and gives this ONU after receiving this passback acknowledge message, ONU and the time slot value and the RTT offset of information updating oneself in view of the above;
D. if during multiple situation application, ONU or OLT will initiate application and range finding after will waiting at random several frames more again;
E. during time slot allocation, last time slot distributes at first, and first time slot distributes at last;
F. after each ONU is assigned to time slot, OLT will regularly detect the initial sign of each time slot, if certain time slot does not detect this sign, OLT then sends the webmaster order, and the ONU time slot that comes top effective time slot is moved time slot so far;
G.OLT detects each ONU and sends the time of advent, dynamically adjusts the value of RTT, issues ONU by descending order then and carries out the time slot fine setting.
2)) when having distributed the ONU power-off restarting of time slot:
A. at first initiate the range finding application at up first time slot, after repeating to finish range finding, each ONU starts timer internal according to the RTT value and the distributed time slot number of this website, and opens up optical module transmission level in the boundary belt before the ascending time slot of correspondence oneself, sends data;
B. time slot is closed transmission level after finishing, and avoids other ONU is caused interference.
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