CN1464434A - Method for realizing modular query language interpreter in the flush type data base system - Google Patents
Method for realizing modular query language interpreter in the flush type data base system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing SQL interpreter in the flush type data base system which comprises, A) Through syntax analyzing program calling lexical analyzing program, determining and separating single character string from the lexical analyzing program, and acquiring its reserved word recognition value. B) Entering the sub-module corresponding to the reserved word recognition value in the syntax analyzing program for processing, storing the result information of the syntax analyzing into the exchange file of the sub-module in a sequential pattern. According to the corresponding information and different recognition value in the sub-module exchange file entering the different branches for performing corresponding semantic checking processing, filling the result information of the semantic checking into the corresponding fields in the sub-module exchange file, forming a complete sub-module exchange file. D) According to the reserved words recognition value and information in the complete sub-module exchange file calling the corresponding query processing function, executing the SQL sentence and providing information of success.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the embedded database technology, specifically, relate to the implementation method of Structured Query Language (SQL) (the SQL:Structured Query Language) interpreter in a kind of embedded type database system.
Background technology
Embedded system is with advanced person's computer technology, semiconductor technology and electronic technology and product after the concrete application of industry-by-industry combines, is technology-intensive a, intensive capital, high degree of dispersion, the knowledge integrated system of constantly bringing forth new ideas.It is application-centered, based on computer technology, can be cut to characteristics with software and hardware, be applied to function, reliability, cost, volume, power consumption are had the computer system towards application-specific of strict demand, for example, mobile device such as mobile phone, palm PC has the information appliance such as network browsing, video request program of function serving information, the network equipments such as router, switch.
Embedded system generally is made up of part such as four of embedded microprocessor, peripheral hardware equipment, embedded OS and application program of user etc., is used to realize the functions such as control, supervision or management to other equipment.Software in the embedded system generally all is solidificated in memory chip or the single-chip microcomputer itself, rather than is stored in the carriers such as disk; Embedded microprocessor is operated in mostly in the particular group designed system, many being finished by integrated circuit board of tasks in the universal cpu are integrated in chip internal, its hardware and software designs expeditiously, cut the garment according to the figure, remove redundancy, on same silicon area, realize higher performance, make Embedded System Design be tending towards miniaturization, locomotivity strengthens, and the coupling of calcaneus rete network is tight.
Embedded system similarly needs to carry out data storage and exchange, and therefore, embedded database is that the first order of Embedded Application is used.In present various application solutions, all adopted architecture as shown in Figure 1 basically.Hardware platform is the Physical layer of embedded system; The inner nuclear layer of embedded system comprises embedded OS, as the Wince system, and the Hopen communications protocol, as TCP/IP, and serial ports; Embedded type database system is between inner nuclear layer and the application layer as the middle layer.In this embedded architecture, embedded type database system can organically combine with embedded OS, for the application developer provides effective local data ladder of management, provides various customization conditions and method simultaneously.
The SharkBase embedded type database system just for satisfy that embedded device is handled data and the needs of exchange and the cover that designs are cross-platform, support the embedded type database system that rapid data is synchronous, that support Embedded SQL, support the multi-thread concurrent data manipulation.Simultaneously, the SharkBase database makes it to be applied to multipad easily to the support of ODBC2.0.
Sql like language is the language that supporting database is operated, and the SQL interpreter is used for sql like language is analyzed and carried out.Because types of databases all has each self-defining sql like language collection, with make things convenient for the user with flexibly and fast, mode accessing database intuitively, therefore, the SQL grammer of each database all may be different, corresponding interpreter is also different.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to provide the implementation method of the Structured Query Language (SQL) interpreter in a kind of embedded type database system, to realize the basic operation of embedded database at the SharkBase embedded database.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The implementation method of the Structured Query Language (SQL) interpreter in a kind of embedded type database system, this method comprises at least:
A. call lexical analyzer by syntactic analyser, judge and isolate single character string by lexical analyzer, and obtain its reserved word discre value;
B. enter in the syntactic analyser according to the reserved word discre value that is obtained and handle, when grammaticality, the object information of grammatical analysis is deposited in a sequential manner in the swap file of this submodule corresponding to the submodule of this reserved word discre value;
C. enter different branches according to corresponding information and different discre values in the submodule swap file and carry out corresponding semantic test processing, when meeting semantic rules, the object information of semantic test is inserted respective field in the above-mentioned submodule swap file, form the swap file of complete submodule;
D. call corresponding query processing function according to reserved word discre value in the complete submodule swap file and information, when the query processing function can be carried out this structured query sentence, provide successful information.
Wherein, among described step B, C, the D, when not meeting syntax rule, or when the semantic clash method, or when structured query sentence can not be carried out, providing error message to the module of makeing mistakes, the error handling processing module is returned wrong numbering according to error message and is given nested layer by layer function successively, according to mistake numbering call function, directly show the corresponding miscue information of wrong numbering then.Described miscue information is corresponding one by one with wrong numbering, and this mistake numbering sets in advance in erropr message list.
Described steps A further comprises, syntactic analyser keeps the reserved word that word table obtains this character string according to the system that the character string scanning system of Structured Query Language (SQL) statement of input sets in advance, and is keeping the discre value of searching this reserved word in the corresponding system identification value table of word table with system then.In addition, described system reservation word table is set comprises one-level key table, secondary key table, system function table, data type table, label list at least, wherein, each table is provided with a corresponding reserved word discre value table.
Described step B comprises that further the submodule in the syntactic analyser carries out grammatical analysis according to the predefined syntax graph of this module itself, and whether the statement value of judging module scope to one's name grammaticality.
Described step C further comprises, reads first byte in the swap file of each submodule obtaining the swap file form corresponding to submodule, and reads its corresponding information.
Step D is described to be called corresponding query processing function according to the reserved word discre value in the submodule swap file and can further call corresponding query processing function according to the discre value of the one-level key word in the submodule swap file and the discre value of secondary key.
The present invention provides the implementation method of basic operations such as the pattern of foundation, the table of the database of general database and table is safeguarded, the data manipulation of table, inquiry, storing process, issued transaction for the SQL interpreter of embedded database.Its topmost characteristics are cross-platform, may operate under the different platforms such as Windows98/NT/2000, Linux and Wince, middle-level clearly demarcated in the process of explaining, can return corresponding error message in each stages such as lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, semantic test and query processings, reduce interpretation time sql like language; Use reserved word ID value and call grammatical analysis submodule, different query processing function respectively, use reserved word ID value and search corresponding submodule swap file, and use the submodule swap file and carry out semantic inspection, make this interpreter small and exquisite flexibly, committed memory is little, execution speed is fast, and extensibility is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Embedded Application basic framework;
Fig. 2 is the implementation method process flow diagram of SQL interpreter.
Fig. 3 is the part of the syntax graph of select statement.
Embodiment
Further specify below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the implementation method process flow diagram of SQL interpreter.The SQL interpreter has five modules, is respectively Lexical Analysis Module, syntax Analysis Module, semantic test module, query processing module and error handling processing module.
At first execution in step 201,202, and syntax Analysis Module is called Lexical Analysis Module according to the SQL statement character string of input, judged and isolated word by Lexical Analysis Module, and the discre value (ID) that obtains the word correspondence is a reserved word ID value; Check the whether grammatical norm of compliance with system of its syntax format by syntax Analysis Module, if there is grammar mistake then to provide error message to the error handling processing module, execution in step 205, otherwise this SQL statement is transformed by predefined form, generate a text, i.e. the submodule swap file;
Implementation method to each module is described in detail below.
Lexical Analysis Module:
The major function of Lexical Analysis Module is judgement and isolates single word, returns the reserved word ID value of word.In order to make module independent more and be convenient to expand, pre-defined 5 systems keep word tables in the Lexical Analysis Module: one-level key table, secondary key table, system function table, data type table, label list.Each system keeps word table has a reserved word ID value table corresponding with it.For example system numbers separately for nonsystematic reserved words such as integer, floating number, character string constant and variablees, and reserved word ID value is respectively 501-504, and by corresponding their actual value of global variable storage.The morphology module is called Lexical Analysis Module by syntax Analysis Module when carrying out lexical analysis, lexical analyzer elder generation scanning system keeps word table, keeps word table according to system then and finds corresponding reserved word ID value table, obtains reserved word ID value.
With one-level key table and data type table is that example is come illustrative system reserved word tableau format.Referring to table 1, table 2, table 1 is the one-level key table, is placed with word commonly used in this table, and table 2 is the ID value table of one-level key word, is placed with the reserved word ID value corresponding with common word in the table 1.Again for example, referring to table 3, table 4, table 3 is the data type table, is placed with data type, and table 4 is the ID value table of data type, be placed with table 3 in the corresponding reserved word ID of data type value.
Table 1: one-level key table
“select” | “create” | “alter” | “drop” | ...... |
Table 2: the ID table of one-level key word
SELECT_SYM=1 | ?CREATE_SYM=2 | ?ALTER_SYM=3 | ?DROP?SYM=4 | ...... |
Table 3: data type table
“int” | “short” | “float” | “string” | ...... |
Table 4: the ID table of data type
INT_SYM=301 | ?SHORT_SYM=302 | ?FLOAT_SYM=303 | ?STRING_SYM=304 | ...... |
Syntax Analysis Module:
The function of grammer module is the SQL statement of sending for a user, and before prepare carrying out it, whether the syntax format of checking it grammatical norm of compliance with system.Grammatical analysis is similar with the grammatical analysis of other system, and its checks key word in the order of user's input, and the key word of homologous ray definition is consistent, and whether the separator of checking command format and use the regulation etc. of compliance with system.
When syntax Analysis Module is carried out grammatical analysis, each SQL statement that the user is sent, at first call syntactic analyser, difference according to the one-level key word enters the submodule of handling different SQL statement, each submodule carries out grammatical analysis according to the syntax graph of module itself, judge that to one's name the SQL statement value of module scope denys a grammaticality, simultaneously, for the convenience of further work, each SQL statement is carried out the conversion of form, transforms the back and generates a text, text file is corresponding with the submodule of handling this SQL statement, therefore, each submodule has the swap file of oneself, forms the submodule swap file.The object information of grammatical analysis is deposited in the submodule swap file in a sequential manner.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is the part of the syntax graph of select statement.For example, when the user sends a select statement, whether the character string of following behind the select key word according to the syntax graph inspection of this statement is " * " or " Table ", or " Field ", if " Table " checks then whether character string is the space character string thereafter, whether the character string that reexamines behind the space is " Field ", check then whether the character string after " Field " is " Where " ... until finishing, if there is the situation that does not meet syntax graph then to provide error message by a certain branch inspection of syntax tree.
The semantic test module:
Semantic test occurs in after the grammatical analysis success, the semantic test module mainly is to judge the every semantic legitimacy of grammatical analysis result, the semantic test module is checked the semanteme of SQL statement according to carrying out the information in the formed submodule swap file in the syntax check step.When carrying out semantic test, at first read first byte in the submodule swap file, it is the reserved word ID value of one-level key word, obtain its submodule swap file form according to reserved word ID value then, and read corresponding information, entering different branches according to different reserved word ID values with corresponding information then handles, carry out corresponding semantic test work, and the object information of semantic test inserted part field in the above-mentioned submodule swap file, after treating that semantic test finishes, the information in the submodule swap file is filled in by complete.Here, use reserved word ID value and do not use the reason of reserved word to be, reserved word ID value is an integer value, and reserved word is a character string, and is in the processing procedure of program, simpler than the processing of character string to the processing of integer value.
Ginseng is shown in Table 5, and table 5 is submodule swap files of select statement, has stored the parameter information of select statement in this submodule swap file, comprises table number, table name, territory number, domain information structure etc.Whether is table in the database to the table that occurs in the statement during semantic test, whether the domain name that occurs in the statement defined to wait in table is checked.And for example: whether the data type of the territory of the comparison operators left and right sides and constant mates in the Where conditional expression, and whether the table that occurs in the statement is the table in the database, and whether the domain name that occurs in the statement defined or the like in table.What therefore store in the submodule swap file is that SQL statement is passed through the structured message after syntax Analysis Module is handled, and the semantic test module only needs judge its semantic correctness.
One submodule swap file of table 5:select statement
SELECT_SYM | Table number m | Table name 1 | Table name 2 | ... | Table name m | The territory number n |
Domain information structure 1 | Domain information structure 2 | ... | Domain information structure n | ...... |
Query processing module:
The function of query processing module is to be responsible for carrying out SQL statement.Query processing module is extracted the information in the submodule swap file, and different according to one-level key word reserved word ID value in the submodule swap file of different SQL statement and secondary key reserved word ID value, calls different query processing functions.In the query processing function, produce the function call sequence of corresponding underlying algorithm according to the information in the submodule swap file, the parameter information of function call also comes from the submodule swap file.
With a select statement is example explanation query processing module, this select statement parameters needed information of execution that extracts in the submodule swap file that is produced by grammatical analysis and semantic test at first, as the territory of table name, inquiry and the information such as territory of ordering, query processing module forms a calling sequence of a data bottom of the reservior layer algorithm according to these information, and scheduled for executing, produce Query Result.
The error handling processing module:
The effect of error handling processing module is the error handling processing process of unified SQL interpreter, for ease of safeguarding and upgrading that processing procedure mainly is to be numbered at each global error of returning, produces corresponding error information and returns to the user.The error message of SQL interpreter has been taked the disposal route of unified numbering, in each grammatical analysis, semantic test and query processing subfunction, if make mistakes, all can return a wrong numbering and give the function of last layer, and return to the user at last.For example,, then should mistake number the function that returns to the submodule layer, by the function of this submodule layer the mistake numbering be returned to the function of module layer again when the inferior submodule that is nested under the submodule has returned a wrong numbering.System provides an erropr message list, and the corresponding miscue information of each wrong numbering can show directly that according to the wrong table number call function of SQL statement miscue information or successful information are prompted to the user in interpreter in table.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1, the implementation method of the Structured Query Language (SQL) interpreter in a kind of embedded type database system is characterized in that, this method comprises at least:
A. call lexical analyzer by syntactic analyser, judge and isolate single character string by lexical analyzer, and obtain its reserved word discre value;
B. enter in the syntactic analyser according to the reserved word discre value that is obtained and handle, when grammaticality, the object information of grammatical analysis is deposited in a sequential manner in the swap file of this submodule corresponding to the submodule of this reserved word discre value;
C. enter different branches according to corresponding information and different discre values in the submodule swap file and carry out corresponding semantic test processing, when meeting semantic rules, the object information of semantic test is inserted respective field in the above-mentioned submodule swap file, form the swap file of complete submodule;
D. call corresponding query processing function according to reserved word discre value in the complete submodule swap file and information, when the query processing function can be carried out this structured query sentence, provide successful information.
2, implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, among described step B, C, the D, when not meeting syntax rule, or when the semantic clash method, or when structured query sentence can not be carried out, module provides error message to makeing mistakes, the error handling processing module is returned wrong numbering according to error message and is given nested layer by layer function successively, then according to mistake numbering call function, directly shows the corresponding miscue information of wrong numbering.
3, implementation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described miscue information is corresponding one by one with wrong numbering, and this mistake numbering sets in advance in erropr message list.
4, implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described steps A further comprises, syntactic analyser keeps the reserved word that word table obtains this character string according to the system that the character string scanning system of Structured Query Language (SQL) statement of input sets in advance, and is keeping the discre value of searching this reserved word in the corresponding system identification value table of word table with system then.
5, implementation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described system reservation word table is set comprises one-level key table, secondary key table, system function table, data type table, label list at least, wherein, each table is provided with a corresponding reserved word discre value table.
6, implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step B comprises that further the submodule in the syntactic analyser carries out grammatical analysis according to the predefined syntax graph of this module itself, and whether the statement value of judging module scope to one's name grammaticality.
7, implementation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step C further comprises, reads first byte in the swap file of each submodule obtaining the swap file form corresponding to submodule, and reads its corresponding information.
8, implementation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step D is described to be called corresponding query processing function according to the reserved word discre value in the submodule swap file and can further call corresponding query processing function according to the discre value of the one-level key word in the submodule swap file and the discre value of secondary key.
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CN101901222B (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2012-07-18 | 北京启明星辰信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for analyzing and matching SQLs (Structured Query Languages) |
CN102867045A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-01-09 | 武汉达梦数据库有限公司 | Method and system for realizing compatibility of heterogeneous database reserved words based on driver layer |
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CN102339317A (en) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-02-01 | 北京握奇数据系统有限公司 | High-capacity database card and data communication method thereof |
CN102867045A (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2013-01-09 | 武汉达梦数据库有限公司 | Method and system for realizing compatibility of heterogeneous database reserved words based on driver layer |
CN104391923A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-04 | 北京锐安科技有限公司 | Data set query method and apparatus |
CN104391995A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-04 | 北京趣拿软件科技有限公司 | SQL (Structured Query Language) statement auditing method, and database operation and maintenance method and system |
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CN111309757A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-06-19 | 深圳市赢时胜信息技术股份有限公司 | SQL interpreter and optimization method of HBase |
CN112685779A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-20 | 天津南大通用数据技术股份有限公司 | Static credibility judgment method for executing main keywords of select statement based on database |
CN112835925A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-05-25 | 北京握奇数据股份有限公司 | Embedded chip SQL statement analysis method |
CN112835925B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2024-03-29 | 北京握奇数据股份有限公司 | SQL statement analysis method for embedded chip |
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