CN1457295A - 防潮湿空气管产品 - Google Patents
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Abstract
防水纤维空气管绝缘产品和用于制造这种产品的方法。该产品包括由树脂粘接纤维的第一层和由可固化的、较佳的是无纺表面材料粘接到第一层上的第二层构成的管路板或管状管路,其特征在于表面材料为板或管形成空气流表面。管路板或管较好的是通过在粘接第二层到第一层的粘结剂中加入疏水剂使空气流表面具有防水性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种建筑材料产品,尤其涉及防潮湿纤维空气管产品及其制造方法。
背景技术
管路和导管用于在建筑物的加热、通风和空调(HVAC)系统中输送空气。在使用中,特别在商业和工业结构中,管路衬有易变形的隔热和隔音材料。衬里提高了管路的热效率且减小了空气通过管路运动的噪音。管路衬里可以包括一些适合的有机或无机材料,例如矿物纤维如玻璃纤维绝缘或类似物。例如典型的玻璃纤维管路衬里设计成铺设具有1.5至3英磅/立方英尺(pcf)密度和0.5至2英寸厚度的层。由于空气流动,为了防止纤维腐蚀,绝缘层可以在它的内表面或“空气流”表面包括一喷涂层。绝缘层的空气流表面是通过管路运输空气的表面,并且在最终管路装置中与连接管路片金属的表面相对。涂层也用于在管路内部的刷洗和/或真空清洗过程中保护绝缘层。在内表面具有涂层的管路衬里在美国专利3861425和4101700中出现过。由宾夕法尼亚州Valley Forge的CertainTeed公司生产的商标为ToughGard和由俄亥俄州Toledo的OwensCorning Fiberglas公司生产的商标为Aeroflex和Aeromat及由康涅狄格州Denver的Johns Manville公司生产的商标为Permacote和PolycousticTM的一些涂层绝缘管路衬里在市场上销售。
其它的绝缘HVAC系统所用管路由刚性管路板或管状管路制造或做衬套。管路板是由树脂粘接的矿物纤维形成的刚性件,并且它的空气流表面也具有保护涂层。管路板典型地具有大约3至6磅/立方英尺(pcf)的密度和0.5至2英寸之间的厚度。喷涂和未喷涂管路板以上述的管路衬层的制造商的各种商标在市场上销售。在管路衬里或管路板上的专门的防水涂层增加了制造这种产品的成本和复杂性。
在潮湿和有养分的环境里细菌将生长是众所周知的,并且一些种类的细菌对室内空气质量(LAQ)具有负面的影响。如果液体水泄漏到空气管绝缘层,水可能集中和滞留在绝缘层且供细菌生长。
为了解决HVAC系统中细菌生长的问题,美国专利5314719,5379806,5487412和5783268中批露了在防水管路衬里和/或管路板的空气运输表面上或内部提供抗菌剂。然而,这些专利没有寻求防止进入管路的水集中和滞留在管路绝缘材料中从而引起细菌在其中生长的有效方法。此外,抗菌剂在非常有限的区域内有效。即它们趋向于只在紧靠它们附近的区域内防止细菌形成。例如美国专利5314719描述了一个大约1毫米的抗真菌区域。典型的管路衬里和管路板具有大约0.5至2英寸的绝缘厚度。在这些产品中,如此有限的一个抑制区域对于防止由于水通过外壁和管路的缝进入而渗透的绝缘层引起的细菌的形成基本上是无用的。
防潮湿涂层,如果施加到空气管绝缘产品的空气流表面,阻止水进入绝缘层并伴随细菌在其中形成。美国专利3861425讨论了给HVAC提供由纤维玻璃绝缘介质制成的管路或衬里的主张,纤维玻璃绝缘介质如棉絮、编织物、板或带有这些涂层的类似物。在这些涂层提供防腐保护和抗潮湿的优点的同时,增加了成本和制造产品和它们方法的复杂性。纤维绝缘产品的空气流表面的涂层可以在它们形成之后涂敷。这就要求通过刷子、滚子、喷雾器或其它装置或方法涂抹涂层到已成形的绝缘产品,然后进行固化和干燥。这种后形成涂层的步骤延长了制造绝缘产品的时间,且不管人工或自动地进行,为了确保涂层的均匀都必须仔细地监控。
作为一个喷涂管路衬里和管路板的变化的例子,至少CertainTeed公司和Knauf Fiber Glass股份有限公司提供的具有玻璃纤维绝缘的管路衬里或管路板覆盖有一层形成这些产品的空气流表面的无纺表面材料。这种表面材料形成保护空气管防止纤维腐蚀的耐用表面。
一些HVAC系统它们的绝缘空气管不易受到重大的纤维腐蚀,因为它们运行速度低。所以它们不需要具有保护涂层或表面材料覆盖层的绝缘产品。实际上,前述的绝缘产品的制造商为各种HVAC管路装置提供了一些未喷涂的管路衬里和管路板。然而,未喷涂的纤维绝缘HVAC管路产品和覆盖有表面材料的类似产品都具有有限的抗潮湿能力。所以结果是它们变湿容许细菌生长。
因此,防水纤维空气管绝缘产品存在优势,并且制造方法简单和经济。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种防水纤维空气管绝缘产品和用于制造这种产品的方法。尽管本发明原本适用于非表面的管路衬里、管路板和管状管路,但它也可以用于其他情形。根据目前的较佳实施例,本发明提供了包括由树脂粘接玻璃纤维形成的第一层和由耐用的、较佳的是无纺表面材料粘接到其上的第二层的管路板或管状管路,其中表面材料形成板或管的空气流表面。管路板或管较好的是通过在粘接第二层到第一层的粘结剂中加入疏水剂具有防水性能。用这种方法,将阻止管路内部的液体水进入绝缘层,所以减少了绝缘层内细菌生长的可能性。
本发明的其它细节、目的和优点将通过下面较佳实施例和实现本发明方法的描述变得更加清楚。
附图说明
本发明通过下面附图中所示的较佳实施例的描述将变得更加清楚,其中:
图1是根据本发明的绝缘空气管路的分解图;
图2是根据本发明用于制造管路板装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1表示了根据本发明的绝缘空气管10的一段,该产品10可以是一种刚性管路板或管,包括由适合的树脂粘结矿物纤维如玻璃纤维、耐火纤维或无机毛纤维形成的第一层12,和由耐用的、最好是无纺的有机或无机表面材料形成的通过粘结剂16粘附到第一层上的第二层14,其中表面材料为板或管形成了空气流动表面。用于粘结层12纤维的粘结剂可以非限定性地包括在美国专利5300562和5473012中披露的酚的粘结剂,它的内容在这里作为参考。产品10具有3至6pcf的密度和0.5至2英寸的厚度。绝缘层12的厚度和密度由特定建筑物所希望或需要的隔音和/或隔热水平决定。管路板或管最好通过给粘结剂16填加一种疏水剂而给予防水性能。用这种方法,防止管路内部的液体水或其它含水液体进入绝缘层12,因此减少了绝缘层内细菌生长的可能性。较好地,箔片/平纹棉麻织物/纸或其它合适的防水层18粘接或以另外的方式固定到与表面层14相对的绝缘层12的表面上来防止潮湿从周围环境进入绝缘层。
参见图2,与以往一样,绝缘层12在成形站20制成,通过熔体纺丝熔化材料如玻璃变成细纤维,然后喷洒一种粘结剂如水载体的一种酚的树脂粘结剂到纤维上,再在运输机上集中纤维成一薄片。然后薄片在离开成形站后通过普通的固化炉或其它装置来固化和压缩薄片到希望的厚度。在本发明的工艺中,表面层14的一连续卷从滚子22分配且在绝缘层内的粘结剂固化之前供给到绝缘层12的一个表面。在粘结表面层14到绝缘层12上之前,一种粘合剂供给到表面层14和绝缘层12中的任一面或两面。根据目前的较佳设置,粘合剂借助于可旋转地支承在平底锅26或类似容器上的涂抹辊24连续地供给到表面层14的下面,平底锅26或类似容器中装有适合于固定地粘接层12,14并随后固化的粘合剂。应该明白粘合剂可以通过例如喷洒或刷等其它装置供给到层12,14中的任一个或两者。虽然没有限定,较佳的粘合剂是与用于绝缘层12内粘结纤维的粘结剂具有通常相同或类似成分的酚的树脂。然而酚的树脂粘结剂具有有限的疏水性。因而,如果不改变的酚的树脂粘结剂用于粘结第一和第二层12和14,最终产品10将易于吸收水,且如果表面层暴露于潮湿将成为细菌形成的基质。
因此,用于固定层14到12的粘合剂较佳地包括至少一种有效量的疏水剂如硅树脂,油,碳氟化合物,蜡或类似物,足以使产品具有必要的防水性和抵抗包含适量溶剂的含水溶液的能力。有效量的疏水剂与粘结剂的比值范围可以在1∶20至1∶200之间,且较佳的是1∶40,商业上可得到的适合这些目的疏水剂是由MI州Midland的Dow Coming公司生产的DC 347硅树脂乳剂。
层12,14可以以任何希望的同样速度行进且涂抹辊24可以以任一速度旋转,以便足够地将粘合剂供给到移动的表层14的下侧。已经证明移动表层以大约每分钟80英尺的速度与涂抹辊24以大约每分钟3-20转的旋转速度相配合是适合的。定位装置28如惰轮或类似物可用于层14在层12上的便利定位。然后产品10由一个未图示的运输带传送到固化炉30。在固化炉中,为了固化粘合剂16,同时加热层12,14。较佳的是,可以通过未说明的加热压盘或类似物以充足的压力压靠表面层14在绝缘层12上,使层12,14固定在一起。在压力下加热这两层固定地连接表面层14和热绝缘层12。防水层18(图2中未表示)可以在绝缘板退出固化炉之后供给到与表面层14相对的绝缘层12的表面。
而且,虽然这里所示的制造出来是平面管路板,产品10也可以通过本领域中适合的技术制成管状,产品可变化地构造并作为绝缘管或管状管路衬层。表1描述了根据本发明制造的产品10的防液体性能,与未变化的CertainTeed公司生产的ToughGard管路板的性能相比较。产品用与International Nonwoven& Disposables Association(INDA)的标准测试相同的检测方法进行评估,该标准用于防酒精IST 80.6-92,目的在于测量无纺纤维对由洒精和酒精/水溶液形成的潮湿和渗透的抵御能力。防酒精的能力用于粗略地估计检测材料表面的能力。防水和异丙醇溶液时间是针对2毫升的去离子水或混合有已知量异丙醇的去离子水的样品。
表1 样品
标号
防水时间
防异丙醇溶液时间
(小时)
(小时/时钟)
10%
20%ToughGard管路板 对照物 2+ <1小时 ≤1分钟改进的ToughGard管路板 产品10 2+ >1小时 5-30分钟(具有Dow CorningDC347硅树胶)
如表1所示,对照物和产品10都展示了多于2小时的防水时间。虽然表1中未显示,对于30%和更高的溶剂体积浓度的含水异丙醇溶液,两种产品的防液体时间是不予重视的。然而,相对于10%和20%的异丙醇溶液,产品10的防液体时间大大地大于对照物。
虽然为了说明的目的已经详细地描述了本发明,应该明白这样详细只是为了说明并且本领域的技术人员在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的条件下可以做出各种变化,本发明由权利要求来限定。
Claims (16)
1.一种绝缘空气管产品包括:
用树脂粘结剂粘结纤维材料形成的第一层;和
通过粘合剂粘接到所述第一层表面的第二层,粘合剂包含有效量的疏水剂,使产品具有必要的防水性能和抵御不超过20%体积异丙醇含水溶液的能力。
2.如权利要求1所述的产品,其特征在于所述的粘合剂包括粘结剂和疏水剂。
3.如权利要求2所述的产品,其特征在于粘合剂中疏水剂的有效量是疏水剂与粘结剂的比值大约是1∶20至1∶200。
4.如权利要求1所述的产品,其特征在于疏水剂选自硅树脂、油、碳氟化合物和蜡。
5.如权利要求1所述的产品,其特征在于所述第一层是刚性的。
6.如权利要求1所述的产品,其特征在于产品是管路板。
7.如权利要求1所述的产品,其特征在于产品是管状管路。
8.用于制造一种绝缘空气管产品的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(a)提供用树脂粘结剂粘接纤维材料形成的第一层;和
(b)用包含有效量疏水剂的粘合剂粘接表面层到第一层表面,使产品具有必要的防水性能和抵御不超过大约20%体积溶剂的含水溶液的能力。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于所述的粘合剂包括粘结剂和疏水剂。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于粘合剂中疏水剂的有效量是疏水剂与粘结剂的比值大约是1∶20至1∶200。
11.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于疏水剂是硅树脂、油、碳氟化合物和蜡。
12.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于所述第一层是刚性的。
13.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于产品是管路板。
14.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于产品是管状管路。
15.一种防水粘合剂包括:可固化树脂和疏水剂。
16. 如权利要求15所述的粘结剂,其特征在于粘合剂中疏水剂的有效量是疏水剂与树脂的比值大约是1∶20至1∶200。
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-
2002
- 2002-02-19 KR KR1020027013919A patent/KR20020089490A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-02-19 WO PCT/IB2002/001832 patent/WO2002066877A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-02-19 CN CN02800332A patent/CN1457295A/zh active Pending
- 2002-02-19 AU AU2002302912A patent/AU2002302912A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-02-19 BR BR0204193-6A patent/BR0204193A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-08-14 US US10/218,800 patent/US20030008092A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101027182B (zh) * | 2004-06-02 | 2011-08-10 | 欧文斯科宁知识产权资产有限公司 | 覆面纤维绝缘材料 |
CN108431542A (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-08-21 | 香港科技大学 | 一种用于提高凝结水捕获率的交替排列的非均质润湿表面 |
CN108431542B (zh) * | 2016-03-24 | 2019-11-15 | 香港科技大学 | 一种用于提高凝结水捕获率的交替排列的非均质润湿表面 |
CN115697936A (zh) * | 2020-04-03 | 2023-02-03 | 洛科威有限公司 | 绝缘制品 |
CN115697935A (zh) * | 2020-04-03 | 2023-02-03 | 洛科威有限公司 | 声学产品 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030008092A1 (en) | 2003-01-09 |
WO2002066877A2 (en) | 2002-08-29 |
WO2002066877A3 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
US7220470B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
KR20020089490A (ko) | 2002-11-29 |
AU2002302912A1 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
BR0204193A (pt) | 2003-02-18 |
US20020146521A1 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
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