CN1456789A - Tunnellers and constructing method thereof - Google Patents
Tunnellers and constructing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1456789A CN1456789A CN 03119663 CN03119663A CN1456789A CN 1456789 A CN1456789 A CN 1456789A CN 03119663 CN03119663 CN 03119663 CN 03119663 A CN03119663 A CN 03119663A CN 1456789 A CN1456789 A CN 1456789A
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Abstract
A tunneling machine for laying underground pipeline or constructing tunnel without excavation is composed of a digging head with rotary cutter disk consisting of peripheral and centrla cutter subdisks, an advance unit for advancing said cutter disk and pipe or supporting member, a discharge unit for discharging soil, direction probing unit, and operating control system. Its construction method is also disclosed.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind ofly lay underground utilities, construct development machine and the job practices thereof used in the tunnel with non-digging mode.
Background technology is at present known, and to lay the line, construct the technology in tunnel with non-digging mode as follows:
Development machine mainly comprises: digging head, propulsion plant, discharger, guiding checkout gear and operation control system.Above-mentioned digging head is responsible for by a rotatable cutting cutterhead, first conduit and fuselage and is constituted; Be provided with the control valve that a control casting amount and sealing are used in the above-mentioned discharger; Above-mentioned guiding checkout gear by laser transit, be contained in the digging head the laser eyepiece target and the correction oil cylinder constitute; The aforesaid operations control system is made of operation board, oil pressure unit and electrical control cabinet.
Job practices mainly contains following steps: drive the cutting cutterhead at digging head front end on one side, use the propulsion plant that is arranged in the tunnel that sets out to digging head applied thrust on one side, make bite disc spins cutting stratum and push ahead, the native sand that cuts is discharged by discharger, by guiding checkout gear control direction of propulsion, propelling along with the digging head, continue in its back-end tubing or support unit, and by tubing or support unit thrust is passed to the digging head by propulsion plant and continue cutting and advance; Repeat above step, can finish and give laying of fixed tube line or constructing of tunnel.
There are the following problems and shortcoming for above-mentioned development machine and job practices thereof:
1, digging head front end cutting cutterhead is pressed the fixed-direction rotary cutting, cutting torque and cutting counter-force are mainly come in addition balance by the digging head and the contact friction force on stratum on every side, so the digging head can deflect, the reference position that makes the laser eyepiece target that is contained in the digging head and the oil cylinder of rectifying a deviation all depart from initial setting, influence that direction detects and revise precision, even export error signal, cause maloperation.
2, in driving as digging head deflection phenomenon takes place, needing to interrupt construction immediately takes measures to make it to reset, then need according to degree of deflection as can't reset the time, the a reference value of initial setting to laser eyepiece target and correction oil cylinder is carried out correcting process, propelling process complexity after making it, the tired rope of operation influences construction quality and speed.
3, in order to prevent the living deflection of digging machine hair, control the cutting torque can not be excessive, or take measures to increase digging head frictional force on every side; But in practice of construction, need the digging head that enough big cutting torque is arranged, make it to have the cutting power on corresponding various stratum, need to reduce digging head and tubing or support unit frictional force on every side simultaneously again, realize the propelling of longer distance; Obviously prior art is given birth to deflection in order to prevent the digging machine hair, can not satisfy the needs of above-mentioned two aspects simultaneously.
4, since the cutter head that cutting is installed on the cutterhead arrange according to certain rules from the cutterhead center to the cutterhead periphery, and cut the stratum with the cutterhead rotation, the following formula establishment is arranged:
P∝T/R
V∝R×n
T∝W/n
In the formula, P: the cutting force of cutter head (N)
V: the cutting linear velocity of cutter head (M/min)
T: cutting torque (NM)
R: cutter radius (M)
N: cutterhead rotating speed (1/min)
W: cutterhead original machine power (Kw)
According to above-mentioned formula, and with reference to Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, as can be seen: though the cutting force P of the cutter head of close cutterhead central part is big, but V is low for the cutting linear speed, though the cutting linear speed V of the cutter head of close cutterhead periphery is high, cutting force P is little, promptly has the problem of cutting linear speed V and cutting force P irrational distribution, cutting power can not be given full play to, and stock-removing efficiency is low; With reference to the T-n relation curve of Fig. 9 c as can be seen: when original machine power one regularly, the cutting linear velocity V that improves cutterhead central part cutter head with the method that improves rotation speed n can reduce cutting torque T simultaneously, make the cutting force P of cutterhead periphery cutter head littler, also can cause the unusual abrasion of cutter tip owing to the cutting linear velocity V of the cutter head of cutterhead periphery is too high; Otherwise when improving the cutting force P of cutting torque T increase periphery cutter head, can cause the cutting linear velocity V of cutterhead central part cutter head to reduce again with the method that reduces rotation speed n; Obviously, prior art can not solve the problem of cutting force P and cutting linear velocity V irrational distribution on the cutting cutterhead simultaneously, can not further improve cutting power and stock-removing efficiency.
5, because discharger only has a control valve, when running into soft and high water bearing ground, for fear of digging face cave in, ground surface subsides, and the valve port of control valve need be turned down or close port fully, keep the equilibrium pressure of digging face and carry out sealing; When complete close port, can only be forced under the situation of not casting and thrust, if this stratum is long, resistance is excessive when surpassing propulsion capability, directly the influence construction carries out smoothly; Or accident such as facial disfigurement peripherally takes place.
6, because the thrust of development machine is delivered to the digging head by tubing or support unit, with the pipeline that lays or construct the growth of the distance in tunnel, the pressure that tubing or support unit bear increases with the continuous increase of propulsive force, the damaged accident of tubing or support unit can occur.
Summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of digging head to have cutting torque balance function, the high development machine of cutting propulsion capability, with this development machine can high efficiency, high-quality, lay underground utilities, construct the tunnel with non-digging mode safely and fast.
Another object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of technology is simple, guiding control is reliable, advance the precision height, the job practices of laying underground utilities, constructing the tunnel with non-digging mode that speed of application is fast, can advance with this job practices and to lay multiple high strength or low intensive tubing or support unit, not only can construct, and can construct at soft, high water bearing ground at hardpan.
First purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
A kind of development machine mainly comprises: digging head, propulsion plant, discharger, guiding checkout gear and operation control system.
Above-mentioned digging head mainly by the fuselage that laser eyepiece target, photoelectric sensor, correction oil cylinder are housed be responsible for, be arranged on fuselage be responsible for front end by the correction hydraulic oil cylinder driving can be towards the first conduit of any direction swing, be arranged on the rotatable cutting cutterhead of first conduit front end and be connected fuselage and be responsible for the tail pipe of rear end and constitute; Segmentation connects and lays the line or construct tubing or the support unit of using in the tunnel in turn in the back of digging head.
Above-mentioned propulsion plant is mainly by having guide slide, supporting base very heavy and a roller, and the propelling body that is arranged on movably on the base advances oil cylinder to constitute with the round trip that is contained on the propelling body; Propulsion plant is installed in the tunnel that sets out, and advances the driving of body by round trip propelling oil cylinder, can move back and forth front and back on base, and advance digging head and tubing or support unit in ground.
Above-mentioned discharger is mainly rotatable by one group, the hollow screw rod of extensible, and the sleeve of one group of extensible and control valve constitute; Screw rod and sleeve start from the digging head, run through among tubing or the support unit, continue up in the tunnel that sets out to be connected with propulsion plant.
Above-mentioned guiding checkout gear mainly by be arranged on laser transit in the tunnel that sets out, be contained in laser eyepiece target, photoelectric sensor and the correction oil cylinder of fuselage in being responsible for, the data processing equipment that is contained in the operation board constitutes.
The aforesaid operations control system is mainly by being installed in the operation board that advances on the body, and the oil pressure unit and the electrical control cabinet that are arranged on ground constitute.
It is characterized in that: the dual cutting cutterhead that described cutting cutterhead is made up of periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead, by the prime mover driven more than, slow down through reductor, the periphery cutterhead can be by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction with the center cutterhead; Described fuselage is responsible for the tail pipe of rear end and can be changed, and by changing different tail pipes, makes discharger except can carrying out the casting of screw rod mode, can also carry out the casting of muddy water endless form; Also be provided with one on the described propelling body and advance head, except that can thrust being passed to the digging head through tubing or support unit, can also be respectively to digging head, tubing or support unit applied thrust; Except that a control valve is set, one or more control valves can also be set in the described discharger.
Another object of the present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
The above-mentioned development machine of a kind of use lays underground utilities with non-digging mode, construct the job practices in tunnel, have following steps: development machine is installed in the tunnel that sets out, start the dual cutting cutterhead of digging head front end, make its periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction, advance the action of oil cylinder by round trip, propelling head through advancing body is to digging head applied thrust, make dual bite disc spins cutting stratum, the digging head advances in ground thereupon, after the digging head is advanced to precalculated position in the ground, stop the rotation of dual cutting cutterhead, by the action of round trip propelling oil cylinder, make to advance body to be retracted into the precalculated position; Connect tubing or support unit at the digging back-end of machine head, the corresponding component of discharger continues, start the dual cutting cutterhead of digging head front end, make its periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction, advance the action of oil cylinder by round trip, the propelling head that advances body is to tubing or support unit applied thrust, the propelling head that advances body simultaneously through the sleeve of discharger also to digging head applied thrust, make dual bite disc spins cutting stratum, the digging head, tubing or support unit advance in ground thereupon, after arriving the precalculated position, stop the rotation of dual cutting cutterhead, by the action of round trip propelling oil cylinder, make to advance body to be retracted into the precalculated position; In above-mentioned digging progradation, start discharger, the native sand that cuts is discharged, and direction of propulsion and the location status thereof by guiding detection arrangement monitors digging head, tubing or support unit at any time, direction of propulsion is revised and is controlled in action by the correction oil cylinder, according to stratum and digging situation, can be by the jet ejection cutting liquid of center cutterhead, improve stock-removing efficiency, according to stratum and promote status, can also be by tail pipe to tubing or support unit periphery ejection sliding agent, to reduce propelling resistance and to improve fltting speed; Repeat above-mentioned step, until whole tubing or support unit segmentation are pushed in the ground, the digging head tunnel of reaching home; The digging head is decomposed recovery in the terminal point tunnel, discharger, the guiding parts of checkout gear and propulsion plant etc. are decomposed in the tunnel that sets out reclaim.
In above-mentioned work progress, as run into high moisture, soft stratum, the more than one control valve of discharger alternately can be opened and closed in turn,, carry out abundant casting at sealing with when guaranteeing digging face balance pressure.
Development machine of the present invention and job practices thereof have following good effect and advantage:
1, according to the present invention, the cutting cutterhead of digging head is the dual cutting cutterhead with periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead, the periphery cutterhead can be by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction with the center cutterhead, the cutting torque direction of periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead is opposite, the direction of the cutting counter-force that produces is opposite, the effect of cancelling out each other is arranged, thereby make the digging head itself have the function of cutting torque balance, shown in Fig. 9 e.
2, according to the present invention, because the digging head has cutting torque balance function, the digging head can not deflect, the guidance of direction of propulsion accurately and reliably, adjustment in direction simple to operate, speed of application is fast; And increasing the cutting torque when improving cutting power, the frictional force around need not corresponding increase digging head helps to realize the quick propelling of long distance.
3, according to the present invention, the dual cutting cutterhead of digging head has the dual structure of periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead, periphery cutterhead rotation speed n
OutwardRotation speed n with the center cutterhead
InCan press different value respectively and set the cutting torque T of periphery cutterhead
OutwardCutting torque T with the center cutterhead
InAlso can press different value respectively sets.
With reference to Fig. 9 d, Fig. 9 e as can be seen: in center cutterhead rotation speed n, be higher than periphery cutterhead rotation speed n
Outward, the periphery cutterhead cutting torque T
OutwardCutting torque T greater than the center cutterhead
InWhen setting, the cutting linear velocity V of the cutter head of center cutterhead
In, cutting force P
InCutting linear velocity V with the cutter head of periphery cutterhead
Outward, cutting force P
Outward, have rational distribution, thereby bring into play to greatest extent the cutting power of cutter head, the application life of prolongation cutter head, improve stock-removing efficiency.
4, according to the present invention, discharger is provided with the control valve that can alternately open and close more than, can carry out abundant casting in the equilibrium pressure of the sealing and the digging face of assurance, realize that lower resistance ground advances fast, but in the equal smooth construction of hardpan, broken ground and high water bearing ground.
5, according to the present invention, propulsion plant can be respectively to digging head, tubing or support unit applied thrust, the pressure that tubing or support unit are born greatly reduces, the breakage of tubing or support unit can not take place, can use multiple high strength or low intensive tubing or support unit, grow apart from propelling construction.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention 1: the front view of development machine A
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of development machine A shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the L-L sectional drawing of the digging head B of development machine A shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is that the M of digging head B shown in Figure 3 is to view.
Fig. 5 is the N-N sectional drawing of digging head B shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c, Fig. 6 d, Fig. 6 e, Fig. 6 f, Fig. 6 g and Fig. 6 h are embodiments of the invention 2: the method step schematic diagram that uses development machine A to construct.
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c, Fig. 7 d and Fig. 7 e are the operating procedure schematic diagrames of the control valve in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 8 is embodiments of the invention 3: the sectional drawing of the digging head Q of muddy water formula casting.
Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, Fig. 9 c, Fig. 9 d and Fig. 9 e are the qualitative comparative analysis schematic diagrames of correlation between the parameters such as cutting force P, cutting linear velocity V, cutting torque T, cutterhead rotation speed n and cutter radius R.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: development machine A.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5.
Development machine A mainly comprises: digging head B, propulsion plant C, discharger D, guiding checkout gear E and operation control system F.
Above-mentioned digging head B mainly is responsible for 1, is arranged on fuselage and is responsible for the first conduit 2 of 1 front end, is arranged on the rotatable cutting cutterhead 3 of first conduit 2 front ends and is connected fuselage and be responsible for the tail pipe 4 of 1 rear end and constitute by fuselage.Described fuselage is responsible for fixing laser eyepiece target 1a and photoelectric sensor 1b, four correction oil cylinder 1c, four groups of locating piece 1d, sleeve 1e and two control valve 13 first, 13 second by support 1g also is housed in 1; Also be provided with prime mover 2a and 2b, reductor 2c and 2d in the described first conduit 2, be installed in the gear 2e of the axle head of exerting oneself and the gear 2i that 2f, dependence bearing 2g, 2h support, ring gear 2m, the sleeve 2n that relies on bearing 2j, 2k to support of prime mover 2a and 2b; Elder generation's conduit 2 by the telescopic drive of correction oil cylinder 1c, can be done the swing of any direction under the constraint of fixed piece 1d circumferencial direction; The dual cutting cutterhead that described cutting cutterhead 3 is made up of periphery cutterhead 3a that cutter head 3c is housed and center cutterhead 3b, periphery cutterhead 3a is fixed on the ring gear 2m, center cutterhead 3b is fixed on the gear 2i, slow down by prime mover 2a, 2b driving, reductor 2c, 2d respectively, mesh transferring power with gear 2i and ring gear 2m respectively through gear 2e, 2f, make periphery cutterhead 3a can also be provided with casting inlet 3d and cutting fluid jet 3e on the cutterhead 3b of center by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, I and II rotation in the opposite direction with center cutterhead 3b; Also be provided with guiding rim of the mouth 4a, sleeve 4b, adjuster 4c, ejiction opening 4d, joint 4e and flexible pipe 4f on the described tail pipe 4, tail pipe 4 is responsible for 1 by connector 4g with fuselage and is connected, lay with tubing G and can insert guiding rim of the mouth 4a, in the described adjuster 4c pressure sensor 4h is housed also, adjuster 4c can be with the continue generation of length accumulated error of the variation of tubing G bearing thrust and tubing G, and flexible automatically, adjust thickness and play cushioning effect.
Above-mentioned propulsion plant C mainly by, have guide slide 6a, support a very heavy 6b and a roller 6c base 6, have guide chute 7d can be at the propelling body 7 that moves on the base 6, be arranged on the round trip that advances on the body 7 and advance oil cylinder 8 to constitute; Also be provided with on the described propelling body 7 and advance a 7a, soil-discharging port 7b, cutting fluid joint 7c, the rotating driving device 9 that comprises prime mover 9a, reductor 9b and shaft joint 9c and operation board 18; Propulsion plant C is installed among the tunnel H that sets out, round trip advances the plunger rod 8a of oil cylinder 8 to be supported on the counter-force pad 10, advance body 7 to advance the driving of oil cylinder 8 on base 6, to move front and back by round trip, and by advancing a 7a to sleeve 12, digging head B and tubing G applied thrust.
Above-mentioned discharger D is mainly rotatable by one group, the sleeve 12 of the hollow screw rod of extensible 11, one group of extensible, be arranged on sleeve 2n in the first conduit 2, be arranged on that fuselage is responsible for the sleeve 1e in 1, sleeve 4b and control valve 13 first, 13 second that are arranged in the tail pipe 4 constitute; Described one group of screw rod 11 comprises: can be supported in screw rod 11a, two ends on the center cutter dish 3b with rotating freely the screw rod 11b of sliding sleeve 11e is arranged, place screw rod 11c and most screw rod 11d that prolongs usefulness in the tail pipe 4; Each section screw rod is connected and fixed by alignment pin 11f, the end of last root screw rod 11d is connected with the shaft joint 9c of rotating driving device 9, under the driving of rotating driving device 9, one group of screw rod 11 is pressed predetermined direction III rotation, native sand under 3 cuttings of cutting cutterhead is transmitted in sleeve 2n, sleeve 1e, sleeve 4b and sleeve 12 backward, be discharged in the hopper 14 by the soil-discharging port 7b on the propelling body 7, and transport tunnel H; Described one group of sleeve 12 interconnects prolongation by the flange 12a and the securing member 12b at two ends, is connected with the sleeve 4b of tail pipe 4 foremost, and rearmost end is positioned to advance a propelling 7a of body 7; Described control valve 13 first and 13 second are made of valve wall 13b, valve pocket 13c, union 13d and the flexible pipe 13e that valve body 13a, two ends embed the annular of being made by flexible retractable material of valve body 13a, the inner diameter volume of the valve wall 13b of annular forms valve port 13f, pour or discharge pressure medium (as the hydraulic pressure wet goods) to valve pocket 13c through flexible pipe 13e and union 13d, valve wall 13b is expanded or contraction at internal diameter direction, can regulate and open and close valve port 13f, when close port 13f, valve wall 13b and sliding sleeve 11e sliding-contact; Screw rod 11b can normally rotate or stop.
Above-mentioned guiding checkout gear E is by being arranged on laser transit 16 in the tunnel H that sets out, being contained in that fuselage is responsible for laser eyepiece target 1a, photoelectric sensor 1b, the correction oil cylinder 1c in 1 and the data processing equipment 18a that are arranged in the operation board 18 constitute; The laser beam 16a that laser transit 16 sends hits the position signalling that laser eyepiece target 1a, photoelectric sensor 1b hit laser beam 16a the luminous point of laser eyepiece target 1a, converting the signal of telecommunication to is transferred to data processing equipment 18a and sets numerical value and compare calculation process, when departing from setting numerical value, send command signal, drive correction oil cylinder 1c, make first conduit 2 press the command direction swing, thereby revise the tunneling direction of digging head B.
Aforesaid operations control system F is by being installed in the operation board 18 that advances on the body 7, and the oil pressure unit 19 and the electrical control cabinet 20 that are arranged on ground G L constitute, and various power are provided, finish various controls and operation.
Embodiment 2: the job practices of development machine A.
With reference to Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c, Fig. 6 d, Fig. 6 e, Fig. 6 f, Fig. 6 g, Fig. 6 h and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
Development machine A is installed in the tunnel H that sets out, starts dual cutting cutterhead 3, make its periphery cutterhead 3a and center cutterhead 3b by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, I and II rotation in the opposite direction, as Fig. 6 a and shown in Figure 3.
Advance the action of oil cylinder 8 by the round trip of propulsion plant C, propelling 7a through advancing body 7 is to digging head B applied thrust, make dual cutting cutterhead 3 cutting stratum, digging head B advances in ground by direction V thereupon, be pushed into precalculated position in the ground until digging head B, stop the rotation of dual cutting cutterhead 3; In above-mentioned digging progradation, start rotating driving device 9, one group of screw rod 11 of soil-discharging device D is rotated by direction III, carry out the casting operation, native sand under the cutting is carried backward, discharged through soil-discharging port 7b, after digging head B is advanced preposition, close rotating driving device 9, stop the casting operation; In above-mentioned digging progradation, start the laser transit 16 of guiding checkout gear E, send the laser beam 16a of guiding by the designing requirement of laying the line, at any time feed back to the signal of data processing equipment 18a by laser eyepiece target 1a, photoelectric sensor 1b, direction of propulsion and the location status of monitoring digging head B, and move by operation correction oil cylinder 1c and to revise and to control direction of propulsion, as Fig. 6 b and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.
Advance the action of oil cylinder 8 by the round trip of propulsion plant C, advance body 7 to be retracted into the precalculated position by direction VI, utilize suspender 20 to hang in the tunnel H that sets out, be connected with propelling body 7 with digging head B along tubing G, sleeve 12 and the screw rod 11d that direction VII will lay usefulness; Start dual cutting cutterhead 3, make its periphery cutterhead 3a and center cutterhead 3b by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, I and II rotation in the opposite direction, advance the action of oil cylinder 8 by round trip, a propelling 7a who advances body 7 is to tubing G applied thrust, while also to digging head B applied thrust, makes dual cutting cutterhead 3 cutting stratum through sleeve 12, and digging head B and tubing G advance in ground by direction V thereupon, after tubing G is advanced preposition, stop the rotation of dual cutting cutterhead 3; In above-mentioned digging progradation, start rotating driving device 9, one group of screw rod 11 of soil-discharging device D is rotated by direction III, carry out the casting operation, native sand under the cutting is carried backward, discharged through soil-discharging port 7b, after tubing G is advanced preposition, close rotating driving device 9, stop the casting operation; In above-mentioned digging progradation, start the laser transit 16 of guiding detection system E, send the laser beam 16a of guiding by the designing requirement of laying the line, at any time feed back to the signal of data processing equipment 18a by laser eyepiece target 1a, photoelectric sensor 1b, direction of propulsion and the location status of monitoring digging head B and tubing G, and move by operation correction oil cylinder 1c and to revise and to control direction of propulsion; According to stratum and digging situation, can in hollow screw rod 11, import cutting liquid by cutting fluid joint 7c, the jet 3e ejection by center cutterhead 3b improves stock-removing efficiency; According to stratum and promote status, can also pass through flexible pipe 4c, joint 4b and import sliding agent, to tubing G periphery jet lubrication agent,, improve fltting speed, through ejiction opening 4a as Fig. 6 c, Fig. 6 d and Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 to reduce propelling resistance.
Repeat the construction sequence shown in above-mentioned Fig. 6 c to Fig. 6 d, until whole tubing G segmentation is pushed in the ground by direction V, the digging head B tunnel J that reaches home is shown in Fig. 6 e; In above-mentioned digging progradation, the actual pressure value that tubing G bears is by pressure sensor 4h output, when plural tubing G connects when producing accumulated error, adjusted and absorbed by stretching of adjuster 4c, with reference to Fig. 3.
Decompose digging head B at terminal point tunnel J, and hang out recovery by direction VIII with suspender 20, and advance the action of oil cylinder 8 by the round trip of propulsion plant C, make to advance body 7 to be retracted into the precalculated position by direction VI, pull out one section sleeve 12 and screw rod 11d simultaneously, shown in Fig. 6 f.
Decompose one section sleeve 12 and screw rod 11d and hang out recovery by direction VIII with suspender 20, advance the action of oil cylinder 8 by the round trip of propulsion plant C, make and advance body 7 to move back and forth, pull out next section sleeve 12 and screw rod 11d, and hang out recovery, repeat aforesaid operations, whole sleeves 12 and screw rod 11d are decomposed recovery, shown in Fig. 6 g.
With propelling body 7, base 6 and other device and the parts among set out tunnel Hs of suspender 20 with propulsion plant C, together hang out recovery by direction VIII, the cable laying operation of tubing G is finished.
In above-mentioned digging progradation, the step of casting operation is as follows:
During normal digging casting, control valve 13 first, 13 second are open mode on general stratum, the native sand dual cutting cutterhead 3 diggings under, by screw rod 11 by direction III rotation discharge backward, shown in Fig. 7 a.
When needs control casting amount, the size of suitably regulating valve port 13f makes control valve 13 first, 13 second, is half-open position, discharges native sand by screw rod 11 backward by direction III rotation, shown in Fig. 7 b.
When meeting very soft or high moisture stratum, at first close control valve 13 first, promptly keep the equilibrium pressure of digging face K to prevent that again underground water from pouring in work tunnel H, open simultaneously control valve 13 second, discharge native sand by screw rod 11 backward by direction III rotation, shown in Fig. 7 c; Close control valve 13 second, monitor the pressure signal that by pressure sensor 1f and 2p spread out of on one side, suitably open on one side control valve 13 first are discharged native sand by screw rod 11 by direction III rotation, backward shown in Fig. 7 d; Close control valve 13 first, open control valve 13 second are discharged native sand by screw rod 11 by direction III rotation, backward shown in Fig. 7 e; Repeat the step shown in above-mentioned Fig. 7 c, Fig. 7 d, Fig. 7 e, alternately open or close control valve 13 first, 13 second, just can in abundant casting, keep the equilibrium pressure of digging face K, do not cave in and surface subsidence, and can prevent that a large amount of water bursts from flooding the tunnel H that sets out.
When carrying out aforesaid operations, at any time by pressure sensor 2p or 1f monitoring and controlled pressure value.
In the process of above-mentioned casting operation, the operating procedure that control valve 13 first, 13 second open and close is as follows:
Embodiment 3: the digging head Q of muddy water formula casting
With reference to Fig. 8
The digging head Q of muddy water formula casting is by the differentiation of the digging head B in the embodiments of the invention 1 and next; The tail pipe 4 of above-mentioned digging head B is replaced with tail pipe 20, has just constituted the digging head Q of the muddy water formula casting that comprises the fuselage person in charge 1, first conduit 2, dual cutting cutterhead 3, tail pipe 20 and one group of casting bar 21.
Described tail pipe 20 is provided with muddy water chamber 20a, muddy water joint 20b, 20c, muddy water pipe 20d, 20e, pressure sensor 20f, ejiction opening 20g, joint 20h, flexible pipe 20i, guiding rim of the mouth 20j and adjuster 20k; Tail pipe 20 is responsible for 1 by connector 20m and fuselage and is connected, lays with tubing G and can insert the rim of the mouth 20j that leads, and sleeve 12 is connected in after the tail pipe 20 by the flange 12a at two ends and securing member 12b.
Described one group of casting bar 21 comprises: screw rod 21a, screw rod 21b and puddler 21c; Screw rod 21a front end is fixed by alignment pin 21e and center cutterhead 3b, screw rod 21a rear end is connected with screw rod 21b by alignment pin 21f, the rear end that the puddler 21c of blade 21d is housed is rotatably placing under the support of bearing 22 on the tail pipe 20, and the front end of puddler 21c is connected with screw rod 21b by alignment pin 21f.
When the periphery cutterhead 3a of dual cutting cutterhead 3 presses identical axle center with center cutterhead 3b, with different rotating speeds, in the opposite direction when IV and III rotary cutting stratum, the screw rod 21a of fixedlying connected with center cutterhead 3b drives screw rod 21b and puddler 21c also rotates by direction III, 3d sends the native sand under the digging into muddy water chamber 20a by the casting inlet, in the 20a of muddy water chamber, inject the muddy water of certain weight proportion by muddy water pipe 20d by not shown muddy water pump assembly, under the rotation of puddler 21c is stirred, muddy water and native sand are stirred into flowable mixture, discharge by muddy water pipe 20e.
In above-mentioned casting process, can pass through pressure sensor 2p, 1f, 20f monitoring pressure numerical value on one side, Yi Bian alternately open or close control valve 13 first or 13 second, to keep the equilibrium pressure of digging face K.
In conjunction with the foregoing description, describe the present invention, but by to doing some suitable variations on the details of the structure of development machine and job practices thereof, within the scope of the invention, can derive various development machine and corresponding construction method thereof, lay underground utilities with non-digging mode, constructing extensive use in the engineerings such as tunnel.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of development machine comprises: digging head, propulsion plant, discharger, guiding checkout gear and operation control system; Described digging head mainly is responsible for by a rotatable cutting cutterhead, first conduit and fuselage and is constituted; Propulsion plant mainly is made of base, propelling body and propelling oil cylinder; Discharger mainly is made of screw rod, sleeve and a control valve; The guiding checkout gear mainly is made of laser transit, laser eyepiece target and correction oil cylinder; Operation control system mainly is made of operation board, oil pressure unit and electrical control cabinet; It is characterized in that: on described digging head, except that a rotatable cutting cutterhead is set, one or more rotatable cutting cutterheads can also be set.
2, according to the described development machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rotatable cutting cutterhead can also be the dual cutting cutterhead that is made of periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead, and the periphery cutterhead can be by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction with the center cutterhead.
3, according to the described development machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described digging head also is provided with a tail pipe, and this tail pipe can be changed, by changing different tail pipes, make discharger except can carrying out the casting of screw rod mode, can also carry out the casting of muddy water endless form.
4, according to the described development machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: also be provided with one on the described propelling body and advance head, can be respectively to digging head and tubing or support unit applied thrust.
5, according to the described development machine of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described discharger except that a control valve is set, can also be provided with one or more control valves.
6, use the described development machine of claim 1, lay underground utilities with non-digging mode, construct the job practices in tunnel, it is characterized in that this job practices has following steps: development machine is installed in the tunnel that sets out, start the dual cutting cutterhead of digging head front end, make its periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction, advance the action of oil cylinder by round trip, propelling head through advancing body is to digging head applied thrust, make dual bite disc spins cutting stratum, the digging head advances in ground thereupon, after the digging head is pushed into precalculated position in the ground, stop the rotation of dual cutting cutterhead, by the action of round trip propelling oil cylinder, make to advance body to be retracted into the precalculated position; Connect tubing or support unit at the digging back-end of machine head, the corresponding component of discharger continues, start the dual cutting cutterhead of digging head front end, make its periphery cutterhead and center cutterhead by identical axle center, with different rotating speeds, rotation in the opposite direction, advance the action of oil cylinder by round trip, the propelling head that advances body is to tubing or support unit applied thrust, the propelling head that advances body simultaneously through the sleeve of discharger also to digging head applied thrust, make dual bite disc spins cutting stratum, the digging head, tubing or support unit advance in ground thereupon, after arriving the precalculated position, stop the rotation of dual cutting cutterhead, by the action of round trip propelling oil cylinder, make to advance body to be retracted into the precalculated position; In above-mentioned digging progradation, start discharger, the native sand that cuts is discharged, and direction of propulsion and the location status thereof by guiding detection arrangement monitors digging head, tubing or support unit at any time, direction of propulsion is revised and is controlled in action by the correction oil cylinder, according to stratum and digging situation, can be by the jet ejection cutting liquid of center cutterhead, improve stock-removing efficiency, according to stratum and promote status, can also be by tail pipe to tubing or support unit periphery ejection sliding agent, to reduce propelling resistance and to improve fltting speed; Repeat above-mentioned step, until whole tubing or support unit segmentation are pushed in the ground, the digging head tunnel of reaching home; The digging head is decomposed in the terminal point tunnel and reclaim, the parts of discharger, guiding checkout gear and propulsion plant etc. are decomposed in the tunnel that sets out and reclaim.
7, according to the described job practices of claim 6, it is characterized in that: when using described discharger casting, can operate more than one control valve and alternately open and close in turn, carry out sufficient casting at sealing with when keeping the equilibrium pressure of digging face.
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| CN 03119663 CN1257342C (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | Tunnellers and constructing method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03119663 CN1257342C (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | Tunnellers and constructing method thereof |
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| CN1456789A true CN1456789A (en) | 2003-11-19 |
| CN1257342C CN1257342C (en) | 2006-05-24 |
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| CN101832136A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-15 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司王庄煤矿 | Automatic correction method and system for tunneling machine |
| CN1973113B (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2011-02-09 | 斯蒂芬·特林皮 | Method for detecting and controlling thrust and eccentricity of pipe elements in the ground |
| CN102011889A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-04-13 | 郑州大学 | Holing device for short-distance underpass |
| CN102322272A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-18 | 李志伟 | Hard rock tunnel tunneling method |
| CN102493813A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-13 | 张英华 | Shield tunneling machine for underground pipeline |
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| CN1973113B (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2011-02-09 | 斯蒂芬·特林皮 | Method for detecting and controlling thrust and eccentricity of pipe elements in the ground |
| CN101832136B (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-12-28 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司王庄煤矿 | Automatic correction method and system for tunneling machine |
| CN101832136A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-15 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司王庄煤矿 | Automatic correction method and system for tunneling machine |
| CN102011889A (en) * | 2010-12-03 | 2011-04-13 | 郑州大学 | Holing device for short-distance underpass |
| CN102322272B (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-08-21 | 李志伟 | Hard rock tunnel tunneling method |
| CN102322272A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-18 | 李志伟 | Hard rock tunnel tunneling method |
| CN102493813A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-06-13 | 张英华 | Shield tunneling machine for underground pipeline |
| CN102677724A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-09-19 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Mechanical steel sleeve installation device and mechanical steel sleeve installation method |
| CN102677724B (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2014-06-04 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Mechanical steel sleeve installation device and mechanical steel sleeve installation method |
| CN105298508A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-03 | 上海隧道工程有限公司 | Cutting device of soil pressure balance tube push bench |
| CN106401455A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-02-15 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | Auxiliary robot device for engineering pipeline construction |
| CN108729469A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2018-11-02 | 植村技研工业株式会社 | The construction method of underground structure |
| CN108729469B (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2020-10-20 | 植村技研工业株式会社 | Construction method of underground structure |
| CN106968682A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Push-bench automatic error correction control system and its method based on photosensor arrays |
| CN107386407A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-11-24 | 天津恒信有源机械设备有限公司 | Cobble push-bench feeds conveying structure |
| CN107701851A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-16 | 广东科朗管道修复技术有限公司 | Rotary cutting pipeline rehabilitation device |
| CN107701851B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2023-08-25 | 广东科朗管网技术有限公司 | Rotary cutting pipeline repairing device |
| CN107524448A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2017-12-29 | 锡山区东港晓鸣电子产品经营部 | Claw single-chamber tunnel bagger |
| CN108979642A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏锐成机械有限公司 | Miniature underground no-dig technique device |
| CN108820728A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-11-16 | 中国铁建重工集团有限公司 | A kind of screw-rod structure, screw conveyor and development machine |
| CN109696126A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-04-30 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The system for measuring heading machine pose |
| CN110030009A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-07-19 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | A kind of top pick machine and its construction method for long distance driving |
| CN112917592A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 罗荣阳 | Press-cutting forming processing method for rubber sealing ring |
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