CN1455511A - Mechanical Inverter of alternating current permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Mechanical Inverter of alternating current permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1455511A CN1455511A CN03136185A CN03136185A CN1455511A CN 1455511 A CN1455511 A CN 1455511A CN 03136185 A CN03136185 A CN 03136185A CN 03136185 A CN03136185 A CN 03136185A CN 1455511 A CN1455511 A CN 1455511A
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- commutator segment
- phase
- slip ring
- stator winding
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Abstract
The device comprises commutation plate and stator winding slip ring fixed relatively to motor stator as well as brush fixed on a support frame with coaxial rotation with motor rotor and to be slip-contacted with the said plate and ring. The positive voltage commutating plate insulated to each other, the commutating plate of the first follow current, negative voltage and the second follow current are arranged in sequence of 360 degree circular electric angle for each phase of commutating plate as connecting the positive voltage one to positive voltage end of DC power, the negative voltage one to its negative voltage end and the first and second follow current ones commonly to series points of two diodes in follow current branch of DC power.
Description
Technical field:
The mechanical inverter of AC magnetoelectric machine belongs to the engine commutator design field.
Background technology:
Existing AC magnetoelectric machine, as brushless DC motor, permagnetic synchronous motor, its inverter mainly is to realize by electronic commutating device, it is to connect the commutation frequency conversion equipment that electronic power switch is formed at the two ends of DC power supply, realize non-brushing with this, generally each electronic power switch all the inverse parallel diode to finish afterflow.Adopt electronic commutating device can avoid commutation spark problem common in the mechanical commutation, greatly improved the commutation condition of motor, but general cost is higher, be restricted in the application of industries such as household electrical appliances.Be subjected to the restriction of electronic power switch device current capacity and reliability in addition, brushless DC motor generally also only is applied to small-power capacity occasion at present.By retrieval, do not have as yet both at home and abroad temporarily can fine alternative AC magnetoelectric machine power electronics commutator low cost, high reliability solution.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to, a kind of mechanical inverter of AC magnetoelectric machine has been proposed, it has kept the diode continuousing flow branch road of existing AC magnetoelectric machine, adopt mechanical brush to connect DC power supply and motor windings simultaneously, rotation by mechanical brush realizes motor windings and the both positive and negative polarity of DC power supply and the switching of fly-wheel diode branch road mid point, thereby with the dc voltage conversion of input is the polyphase ac square-wave voltage, supply with the stator armature winding of AC magnetoelectric machine, the two is combined to form a kind of novel brush inverter that has, this device not only can reduce the cost of existing inverter, and can improve the capacity of motor, also can avoid the commutation spark problem in the mechanical commutation simultaneously.
The present invention contains: DC power supply, and m bar afterflow branch road in parallel between the generating positive and negative voltage end of described DC power supply, two diodes of differential concatenation between the generating positive and negative voltage end of every afterflow branch road, wherein m is the number of phases of AC magnetoelectric machine;
It is characterized in that it also contains:
With respect to the fixing m phase commutator segment of motor stator (6) and m stator winding slip ring (5) mutually, and with the described m m phase brush (4) of commutator segment and m phase stator winding slip ring (5) sliding contact simultaneously mutually;
It is on the circumference of axis that described m phase commutator segment is distributed in machine shaft (8) in the form of a ring, and each phase commutator segment is aligned in sequence with positive voltage commutator segment (1), the first afterflow commutator segment (2a), negative voltage commutator segment (3) and the second afterflow commutator segment (2b) of mutually insulated in 360 ° of circumference electrical degrees; Described m phase stator winding slip ring (5) is corresponding with the position of m phase commutator segment, and being distributed in machine shaft (8) in the form of a ring is on another circumference of axis; Described m phase brush (4) is corresponding with the position of m phase commutator segment and m phase stator winding slip ring (5), be distributed on the support (11) with the coaxial rotation of rotor (7), and be the center of circle with the rack shaft between the adjacent brush, space 360 °/m circumference electrical degree;
The positive voltage commutator segment (1) of described each phase commutator segment connects the positive voltage terminal of described DC power supply, and negative voltage commutator segment (3) connects the negative voltage side of described DC power supply; The first afterflow commutator segment (2a) and the second afterflow commutator segment (2b) are connected the serial connection point of two diodes of pairing afterflow branch road jointly; Described m phase stator winding slip ring (5) respectively with m mutually the head end of stator armature winding be electrically connected;
The circumference mutually insulated at described commutator segment and its place, the circumference mutually insulated at described stator winding slip ring (5) and its place, support (11) mutually insulated at described brush (4) and its place.
It is characterized in that, described commutator segment is distributed on the inner periphery of motor stator (6), described stator winding slip ring (5) is distributed on the circumference relative with commutator segment place circumference that bending in motor stator (6) end becomes, and described m phase brush (4) is distributed in respectively on the support (11) that the m bar stretches out from rotor (7) end face.
It is characterized in that, described commutator segment is distributed on fixing with motor stator (6) and parallel with the rotor end face disk (9), described stator winding slip ring (5) is distributed on another fixing with motor stator (6) and parallel with rotor end face disk (10), described support (11) be one with coaxial rotation of rotor (7) and the disk parallel with the rotor end face.
Experiment showed, that the present invention has mechanical commutation low cost, advantage that capacity is high, can avoid commutation spark common in the mechanical commutation again simultaneously, reached its intended purposes.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the armature winding of three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and the electrical connection diagram of mechanical inverter.
Fig. 2 a is the radially-arranged mechanical structure schematic diagram of commutator segment and brush, and Fig. 2 b is a radially-arranged commutator segment expanded view along the circumferential direction, and Fig. 2 c is a stator winding slip ring expanded view along the circumferential direction, and Fig. 2 d is the rack assumption diagram among Fig. 2 a; Wherein 1 is the positive voltage commutator segment, and 2a is the first afterflow commutator segment, and 2b is the second afterflow commutator segment, the 3rd, and negative voltage commutator segment, the 4th, brush, the 5th, stator winding slip ring, the 6th, motor stator, the 7th, rotor, the 8th, machine shaft, the 11st, support.
Fig. 3 a is the mechanical structure schematic diagram that commutator segment and brush end distribute, and Fig. 3 b is the distribution schematic diagram of commutator segment on card; Fig. 3 c is the schematic diagram of brush and stator winding slip ring contact position, and Fig. 3 d is the rack assumption diagram among Fig. 3 a.Wherein 9 is the disks at commutator segment place, the 10th, and the disk at stator winding slip ring place; Remaining label has identical implication with label among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram of A phase winding head end voltage.
Embodiment:
Mechanical inverter with a pair of pole permanent-magnet synchronous machine of three-phase is an example, accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, this machinery inverter is made up of one group of three phase mains commutator segment static with respect to motor stator, threephase stator winding slip ring 5 and one group of rotation three-phase brush 4 that is fixed on the rotor axis of electric.Threephase stator winding slip ring 5 connects the symmetric winding head end with the three-phase star of motor stator respectively and links to each other.In on every phase power supply commutator segment the 360 degree electrical degree, order is discharged positive voltage commutator segment 1, the first afterflow commutator segment 2a, negative voltage commutator segment 3 and the second afterflow commutator segment 2b, mutual insulating between the commutator segment.Between the direct current power source supplying power voltage terminal, be parallel with three afterflow branch roads of forming by two backward diodes respectively.The positive voltage commutator segment 1 of every phase power supply commutator segment is connected with lead with the positive voltage terminal of DC power supply, negative voltage commutator segment 3 is connected with lead with the negative voltage side of DC power supply, two afterflow commutator segments (2a, 2b) with each mutually in the fly-wheel diode branch road mid point between two diodes connect with lead.The three-phase brush 4 of rotation is fixed (drawing) by support and is together rotated with rotor in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the three-phase brush evenly distributes at circuferential spacing, the alternate 120 degree electrical degrees of adjacent two-phase brush, each brush two ends contacts with stator winding slip ring 5 with the power supply commutator segment simultaneously.With A is example mutually, brush 4 is docile and obedient preface by stator winding slip ring 5 during rotation: 1 circulation of the positive voltage commutator segment 1-first afterflow commutator segment 2a-negative voltage commutator segment 3-second afterflow commutator segment 2b-positive voltage commutator segment is connected, thereby be A phase input AC square-wave voltage, satisfied the commutation service conditions of permagnetic synchronous motor automatically.Drawn among Fig. 4 waveform of A phase winding head end voltage, (t1 constantly) still has remaining forward current in this phase winding when A phase brush 4 breaks away from positive voltage commutator segments 1.Owing to there is the afterflow branch road shown in Fig. 1 dotted arrow, the approach afterflow that the residual current in the winding will mark along dotted line feeds back to DC power supply with the dump energy in the winding, and this moment, the voltage of winding head end became negative because of the diode D2a conducting of below.After afterflow finished, the winding head end was in blocking state, and electric current is zero.In like manner, when A phase brush breaks away from the negative voltage commutator segment (t2 constantly), also can experience one and the constantly similar afterflow process of t1.The voltage waveform of B phase, C phase is mutually identical with A, only differs 120 degree and 240 degree with A respectively on phase place.
The machinery position of inverter on motor has radially and two kinds of distribution situations of end face.
Shown in Fig. 2 a, power supply commutator segment radial distribution is fixed on the disc face of (static) with motor stator 6 one, along the circumferential direction launches the back shown in Fig. 2 b, and the fillet zone that is positioned at this figure top and middle part is each afterflow commutator segment (2a mutually, 2b), mutually insulated between each phase afterflow commutator segment.Wide the zone that indicates V+ and V-is respectively positive voltage commutator segment 1 and negative voltage commutator segment 3, they and afterflow commutator segment (2a, 2b) between also mutually insulated.Various commutator segments are by making than the hard electric conducting material.Each phase stator winding slip ring 5 also is the conductor annulus of one group of relative motor stator 6 fixing (static), shown in Fig. 2 c, after along the circumferential direction launching is the conductor piece of one group of mutual insulating, and the motor stator winding star connects the back head end and is connected with corresponding stator winding slip ring 5 usefulness leads respectively.Shown in Fig. 2 a, power supply commutator segment and stator winding slip ring 5 are all fixing with stator 6, and inside and outside nested against one another, are connected by three-phase brush 4 between the two.Brush 4 is fixed on the rotor 7 by support 11, together rotate with rotor 7, Fig. 2 d is the structure chart of the support 11 corresponding with Fig. 2 a, in order to know the structure of seeing support 11, commutator segment and stator winding slip ring 5 do not draw among this figure, and the corresponding stationary part at their places, support 11 mainly is to connect brush 4 and rotor 7.The three-phase brush evenly distributes along power supply commutator segment circumferencial direction in the space, the alternate 120 ° of circumference electrical degrees of adjacent two-phase brush.In Fig. 2 b, when 4 expression brushes contact with the power supply commutator segment, the schematic diagram of each phase brush contacting points position on commutator segment, brush 4 is made by the softer electric conducting material.
Shown in Fig. 3 a, the power supply commutator segment is distributed in corresponding with the end face of rotor 7, and on the fixing disk 9 of motor stator 6, one of disk 9 distribution power commutator segments are looked like shown in Fig. 3 b: the fillet zone that is positioned at this figure left part and right part is each afterflow commutator segment (2a mutually, 2b), mutually insulated between each phase afterflow commutator segment.Wide the zone that indicates V+ and V-is respectively positive voltage commutator segment 1 and negative voltage commutator segment 3, also mutually insulated between they and the afterflow commutator segment.Various commutator segments are by making than the hard electric conducting material.Stator winding slip ring 5 is distributed on the disk 10 that is fixed on motor stator 6, and disk 10 is parallel to the disk 9 at power supply commutator segment place.Fig. 3 c is seen in the distribution of stator winding slip ring 5 on disk 10, and stator winding slip ring 5 is three concentric conductor round belts, mutual insulating, and width is corresponding to the commutator segment of power supply commutator.The motor stator winding star connects the back head end and is connected with these three stator winding slip rings, 5 usefulness leads respectively.Shown in Fig. 3 a, brush 4 is fixed on the machine shaft 8 by support 11, together rotates with rotor 7.Support 11 is placed between power supply commutator segment disk 9 and the winding slip ring disk 10, and three-phase brush 4 two ends contact power supply commutator segment and stator winding slip ring 5 respectively.Shown in Fig. 3 c, the three-phase brush evenly distributes along each phase electronics winding slip ring 5 circumferencial direction in the space, the alternate 120 degree electrical degrees of adjacent two-phase brush, and brush is made by the softer electric conducting material.Fig. 3 d is the structure chart of the support 11 corresponding with Fig. 2 a, same in order to know the structure of seeing support 11, do not draw among this figure commutator segment and stator winding slip ring 5, and the corresponding stationary part and the disk at their places, support 11 mainly are to connect brush 4 and rotor 7.
For m phase permagnetic synchronous motor, be the circumference electrical degree difference at interval between the adjacent brush, be 360 °/m, remaining structure is identical with the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of present embodiment.
This mechanical inverter can be used for AC magnetoelectric machine such as brshless DC motor, permagnetic synchronous motor.Connect DC power supply, regulate its voltage with regard to the may command rotating speed of motor.Use the AC magnetoelectric machine control system of this mechanical inverter can be widely used in the constant speed such as household electrical appliance, electric tool, electric bicycle, electric automobile and marine vessel power propelling or governing system of various requirement low cost, high reliability.
Claims (3)
1, the mechanical inverter of AC magnetoelectric machine, contain: DC power supply, m bar afterflow branch road in parallel between the generating positive and negative voltage end of described DC power supply, two diodes of differential concatenation between the generating positive and negative voltage end of every afterflow branch road, wherein m is the number of phases of AC magnetoelectric machine;
It is characterized in that it also contains:
With respect to the fixing m phase commutator segment of motor stator (6) and m stator winding slip ring (5) mutually, and with the described m m phase brush (4) of commutator segment and m phase stator winding slip ring (5) sliding contact simultaneously mutually;
It is on the circumference of axis that described m phase commutator segment is distributed in machine shaft (8) in the form of a ring, and each phase commutator segment is aligned in sequence with positive voltage commutator segment (1), the first afterflow commutator segment (2a), negative voltage commutator segment (3) and the second afterflow commutator segment (2b) of mutually insulated in 360 ° of circumference electrical degrees; Described m phase stator winding slip ring (5) is corresponding with the position of m phase commutator segment, and being distributed in machine shaft (8) in the form of a ring is on another circumference of axis; Described m phase brush (4) is corresponding with the position of m phase commutator segment and m phase stator winding slip ring (5), be distributed on the support (11) with the coaxial rotation of rotor (7), and be the center of circle with the rack shaft between the adjacent brush, space 360 °/m circumference electrical degree;
The positive voltage commutator segment (1) of described each phase commutator segment connects the positive voltage terminal of described DC power supply, and negative voltage commutator segment (3) connects the negative voltage side of described DC power supply; The first afterflow commutator segment (2a) and the second afterflow commutator segment (2b) are connected the serial connection point of two diodes of pairing afterflow branch road jointly; Described m phase stator winding slip ring (5) respectively with m mutually the head end of stator armature winding be electrically connected;
The circumference mutually insulated at described commutator segment and its place, the circumference mutually insulated at described stator winding slip ring (5) and its place, support (11) mutually insulated at described brush (4) and its place.
2, the mechanical inverter of AC magnetoelectric machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described commutator segment is distributed on the inner periphery of motor stator (6), described stator winding slip ring (5) is distributed on the circumference relative with commutator segment place circumference that bending in motor stator (6) end becomes, and described m phase brush (4) is distributed in respectively on the support (11) that the m bar stretches out from rotor (7) end face.
3, the mechanical inverter of AC magnetoelectric machine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described commutator segment is distributed on fixing with motor stator (6) and parallel with the rotor end face disk (9), described stator winding slip ring (5) is distributed on another fixing with motor stator (6) and parallel with rotor end face disk (10), described support (11) be one with coaxial rotation of rotor (7) and the disk parallel with the rotor end face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031361854A CN1206796C (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | Mechanical inverter of alternating current permanent magnet motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031361854A CN1206796C (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | Mechanical inverter of alternating current permanent magnet motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1455511A true CN1455511A (en) | 2003-11-12 |
| CN1206796C CN1206796C (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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ID=29260514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031361854A Expired - Fee Related CN1206796C (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2003-05-19 | Mechanical inverter of alternating current permanent magnet motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1206796C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106533067A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-22 | 清华大学 | Electromechanical hybrid non-arc commutation multi-phase inverter |
| CN107078533A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2017-08-18 | 百得有限公司 | Electric tool system |
| CN112054711A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-08 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Mechanical rectification type friction nano power generation device |
-
2003
- 2003-05-19 CN CNB031361854A patent/CN1206796C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107078533A (en) * | 2014-05-18 | 2017-08-18 | 百得有限公司 | Electric tool system |
| CN106533067A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-22 | 清华大学 | Electromechanical hybrid non-arc commutation multi-phase inverter |
| CN112054711A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-12-08 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Mechanical rectification type friction nano power generation device |
| CN112054711B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-10-29 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Mechanical rectification type friction nano power generation device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1206796C (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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