CN1453598A - Polarized film and its producing method, polaroid and optical structural parts - Google Patents
Polarized film and its producing method, polaroid and optical structural parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN1453598A CN1453598A CN 02118184 CN02118184A CN1453598A CN 1453598 A CN1453598 A CN 1453598A CN 02118184 CN02118184 CN 02118184 CN 02118184 A CN02118184 A CN 02118184A CN 1453598 A CN1453598 A CN 1453598A
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Abstract
The present invention provides one kind of high-polarization degree and high-transmissivity polarizing film for LCD and its making process, and the polaroid and optical member with the polarizing film. The making process of the polarizing film includes dry single-axis extension of polyethylene film, relaxing in some water solution containing iodine or dichromatic dye and re-extending the relaxed film in water solution containing PVA cross-linking agent. In ideal condition, may be reached an dry expansion over 3 times, a relaxed film expansion over 2.02 and a total expansion up to 6.5 times. In addition, the relaxing rate is preferably lower than 10 % of the dry expansion.
Description
[detailed description of the invention]
[technical field that the present invention belongs to]
The present invention relates to middle polarizing coating and manufacture method thereof, the polaroid that uses it and the optical components that use such as liquid crystal indicator.In more detail, relate to have high-polarization, the polarizing coating of high-transmission rate and manufacture method, the polaroid that uses it and optical component.
[existing technology]
Liquid crystal indicator is used to use polaroid in meters on desk top computer, electronic watch, personal computer, word processor, automobile or the machine etc. in this liquid crystal indicator.As polaroid, use having adsorbed iodine or dichroic dye and having made on the both side surface of the polarizing coating that polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PVA) the class film of its orientation makes stacked diaphragm structures such as cellulose triacetate etc., require the film of high-polarization, high-transmission rate recently.
Manufacture method as polarizing coating has: make non-oriented polyvinyl alcohol film adsorb the method for extending behind iodine or the dichroic dye; And make and carried out extending the polyvinyl alcohol film absorption iodine of orientation or the method for dichroic dye in advance., the polyvinyl alcohol film is carried out under the situation of wet type extension, because the effect of moisture causes the hydrogen bond between the molecule to be cut off, so the stability of shortcoming processing, it is inhomogeneous to be easy to generate extension.Therefore, method as the film of making high-polarization, high-transmission rate, following certain methods has been proposed: make the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out behind the dry type uniaxial extension absorption iodine etc. and make its orientation, in 70～85 ℃ the aqueous solution that contains boric acid, carry out the method (spy opens flat 8-240715 communique) of dip treating; After making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, the method (spy opens flat 10-288709 communique) more than 1.5 times is extended in dyeing again in boride; After making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, dyeing, dipping on one side in boric acid aqueous solution again is Yi Bian extend 1.1～1.8 times method (spy opens flat 11-49878 communique) etc.
[problem that invention will solve]
; open in the method for recording and narrating in the flat 8-240715 communique the spy; be difficult to obtain the film of high-polarization; in addition; open flat 10-288709 communique and special opening in the method for recording and narrating in the flat 11-49878 communique the spy; if increase the extension ratio in containing the treating fluid of boride in order to improve polarization characteristic, then have the crackly problem of film.Therefore, wish to have a kind of method that can stably obtain the film of high-polarization.
Therefore, the inventor has passed through and has studied intensively, found that after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye, make this film lax, in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical, extend again, then can obtain the polarizing coating of high-polarization, high-transmission rate, until having finished the present invention.The object of the present invention is to provide the polarizing coating of a kind of high-polarization and high-transmission rate, the polaroid that uses it, polarizer and liquid crystal indicator.
[solving the method that problem is used]
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the manufacture method of polarizing coating of the present invention is characterised in that: after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended.
At least a compound that above-mentioned PVA crosslinking chemical is preferably selected from the group that is made of boric acid, borax, glyoxal and glutaraldehyde.
In polarizing coating manufacture method of the present invention, the dry type extension ratio of polyvinyl alcohol film is more than two times, and the extension ratio of m flac is for well more than 1.02 times.In addition, the relaxation rate of polyvinyl alcohol film be the dry type extension ratio below 10% for well.In addition, the overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film is for well below 6.5 times.
In the manufacture method of polarizing coating of the present invention, the dry type extension ratio of polyvinyl alcohol film be 2～6 times better.In addition, the extension ratio of m flac be 1.1～4.0 times better.In addition, the overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film be 4.0～6.5 times better.
In the manufacture method of polarizing coating of the present invention, preferably used thickness is 5～150 microns a polyvinyl alcohol film.
In addition, in the manufacture method of polarizing coating of the present invention, contain in the water of preferably per 100 wt parts of aqueous solution of iodine and contain the iodine of 0.01～0.5 wt part, the potassium iodide of 0.05～50 wt part, and temperature is in 10～80 ℃ scope.In addition, contain the PVA crosslinking chemical that contains 0.1～15 wt part in the water of preferably per 100 wt parts of aqueous solution of PVA crosslinking chemical and temperature in 10～90 ℃ scope, preferably use boride as the PVA crosslinking chemical.
In the manufacture method of polarizing coating of the present invention, also can after washing, carry out drying to the film after in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical, extending.
In addition, polarizing coating of the present invention is a kind of in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye, make the polyvinyl alcohol film that has carried out behind the dry type uniaxial extension lax, and then in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical, make this m flac extend the polarizing coating that obtains, it is characterized in that: transmissivity is more than 43.0%, and degree of polarization is more than 98%.
In above-mentioned polarizing coating, the dry type extension ratio of polyvinyl alcohol film is 2～6 times, and relaxation rate is below 10% of dry type extension ratio, and the extension ratio of m flac is 1.1～4.0 times, and the overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film is for well below 6.5 times.
Secondly, polaroid of the present invention is characterised in that: pasted diaphragm in a side of the polarizing coating of the method manufacturing of adopting the invention described above at least.
In addition, optical component of the present invention is characterised in that: stacked reflector plate or half-transmitting and half-reflecting sheet on the polarizing coating that the method that adopts the invention described above is made.
In addition, optical component of the present invention is characterised in that: stacked retardation plate or λ sheet on the polarizing coating that the method that adopts the invention described above is made.
In addition, optical component of the present invention is characterised in that: stacked optical compensation films on the polarizing coating that the method that adopts the invention described above is made.
In addition, optical component of the present invention is characterised in that: stacked increase brightness film on the polarizing coating that the method that adopts the invention described above is made.
In addition, liquid crystal indicator of the present invention is characterised in that: the polarizing coating that the method manufacturing of adopting the invention described above is arranged at least one side of liquid crystal cell.
[working of an invention form]
Polyvinyl alcohol based polymer in the polyvinyl alcohol film of using as dry type uniaxial extension of the present invention, can enumerate: with vinyl acetate polymerization after saponification polymkeric substance, a spot of unsaturated carboxylic acid, unsaturated sulfonic acid, cationic monomer etc. can be carried out copolymerization in vinyl acetate monomer carried out polymkeric substance of copolymerization etc.Though the degree of polymerization of polyvinyl alcohol based polymer is not particularly limited, can use the degree of polymerization arbitrarily, aspect the solubleness of film water, average degree of polymerization is preferably 1000～6000 with 500～10,000 for well.In addition, saponification degree with 75 moles more than the % for well, be preferably 98～100 moles of %.The thickness of film is 5～150 microns, is preferably 10～100 microns.
Dry type uniaxial extension method is not limited especially, can enumerate: open as described in the clear 57-212025 communique as the spy, backward pull is added on the film, utilize the method for backer roll calendering; Open described in the clear 63-261201 communique as the spy, Yi Bian backward pull is added on the film, Yi Bian make it contact the method for extending with warm-up mill; Between the roller in being arranged on heated oven or outside the case, while apply the method that tensile stress extends; The method that utilization is extended by the warm-up mill that compresses extension etc. between the warm-up mill; Utilize method that stenter extends etc.Extension ratio with more than 2 times for well, 2～6 times are better, 2～5 times good especially.Under less than 2 times situation, when carrying out the loose operations in the dyeing liquor, film takes place lax, is difficult to carry out the operation of stable film.During extension warm-up mill or oven temperature with 50～200 ℃ for well, 60～150 ℃ are good especially.
In the present invention, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye (dyeing liquor), make the polyvinyl alcohol film of dry type uniaxial extension lax.That is, on one side before reaching the extension ratio of regulation, in dyeing liquor, make the polyvinyl alcohol film of uniaxial extension shrink an Edge Coloring.Relaxation rate is the good below 10% of dry type extension ratio, is 2～10% good especially.That is, when the dry type extension ratio was A times, relaxation rate was preferably (A * 0.1 * 100) below the %.The Edge Coloring owing to relax on one side, the absorption orientation of dyestuff is good, can increase the extension ratio in containing the treating fluid of boride, so can stably obtain the film of high-polarization.On the other hand, surpass under 10% the situation at relaxation rate, film is lax, causes maneuverability to degenerate, and the discrete of characteristic also increases.
The composition that contains the aqueous solution of iodine usually contains the iodine of 0.01～0.5 wt part, the potassium iodide of 0.05～50 wt part in the water of per 100 wt parts, and the temperature of aqueous solution is usually in 10～50 ℃ scope.The composition that contains the aqueous solution of dichroic dye is generally the water of per 100 wt parts, and dichroic dye is 0.001～1 wt part.The temperature of aqueous solution is usually in 10～80 ℃ scope.Though dip time does not limit especially, is generally 1 second～10 minutes, is preferably 5 seconds～5 minutes.Except hydrosolvent, also can contain a spot of and certain organic solvent water dissolubility.Before polyvinyl alcohol film behind the uniaxial extension dyes, also can in water, carry out dip treating in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye.
Lax in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye (dyeing liquor) also can carry out like this: for example, relax while the polyvinyl alcohol film that has extended is immersed in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye.In addition, on one side on the polyvinyl alcohol film that also can adopt the aqueous solution that will contain iodine or dichroic dye to be sprayed on to extend, Yi Bian lax method.Relaxation method is not particularly limited, and for example can adopt suitably to make the lax method of the method that is added in the tension force on the film and relaxes, fixed ratio or implement these methods etc. in a plurality of stages to relax.In addition, according to the average degree of polymerization of the temperature of the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye and concentration, polyvinyl alcohol film, kind etc., regulate relaxation rate.
Secondly, the polyvinyl alcohol film after the relaxation processes is extended in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical.Extension ratio with more than 1.02 times for well, 1.1～4.0 times are better, 1.2～3.5 times good especially.Because extension ratio during less than 1.02 times, can not obtain the polaroid of high-polarization.In addition, in order stably to obtain the film of high-polarization, the overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film (extension ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol film of dry type uniaxial extension and lax after extension ratio long-pending of polyvinyl alcohol film) with below 6.5 times for well, 4.0～6.5 times are good especially.This is because under the big situation of the dry type uniaxial extension multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film, is difficult to obtain the polaroid of high-polarization, in addition, under the big situation of the extension ratio in PVA crosslinking chemical treating fluid, the crackly cause of film.In addition, the extension in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical is carried out more than also can be at twice, and the summation of extension ratio is being got final product more than 1.02.
The consisting of of aqueous solution of containing the PVA crosslinking chemical: usually in the water of per 100 wt parts separately or mix contain boric acid, borax, glyoxal, PVA crosslinking chemical 0.1～15 wt part, potassium iodide 0～15 wt part such as glutaraldehyde, the temperature of aqueous solution is usually in 10～90 ℃ scope.Though dip time does not limit especially, is generally 1 second～15 minutes, is preferably 5 seconds～10 minutes.Except hydrosolvent, also can contain a spot of and certain organic solvent water dissolubility.Preferably adopt borides such as boric acid, borax as the PVA crosslinking chemical.
Extension in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical also can carry out like this, for example, extends while the polyvinyl alcohol film that has extended is immersed in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical.In addition, while the method for extending on the polyvinyl alcohol film that also can adopt the aqueous solution that will contain the PVA crosslinking chemical to be sprayed on to relax.Extension method is not limited especially, and for example, the method etc. that can adopt suitably the method that is added in the tension force on the film adjusted, method that fixed ratio is extended or implement these in a plurality of stages is extended.In addition, according to the average degree of polymerization of the kind of PVA crosslinking chemical, the temperature of aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical and concentration, polyvinyl alcohol film, kind etc., adjust tension force.
Again to above-mentioned carrying out after the polyvinyl alcohol film of absorption orientation process washes, carry out drying, obtain polarizing coating.Washing usually 5～60 ℃, be preferably in 5～40 ℃ the scope and carry out.Though the washing time is not limited especially, be generally 1 second～10 minutes, be preferably 1 second～5 minutes.In addition, dry usually 10～120 ℃, be preferably in 20～90 ℃ the scope and carry out.Though do not limited especially drying time, be generally 10 seconds～20 minutes, be preferably 1 minute～10 minutes.Though the thickness of polarizing coating of the present invention is not limited especially, be generally 1～80 micron, be preferably 2～40 microns.
Secondly, polaroid of the present invention is described.The basic structure of polaroid of the present invention is by suitable tack coat, the tack coat that for example is made of vinyl alcohol polymer etc., and the transparent protective film that will become protective seam is bonded in and constitutes on the one or both sides of polarizing coating of the present invention.
As the material of the diaphragm that becomes protective clear layer on the one or both sides that are arranged on polarizing coating, can use suitable hyaline membrane.Wherein, preferably use by the transparency and the film that constitutes of good polymkeric substance such as physical strength, thermal stability and water proofing property etc.Example as this polymkeric substance, can enumerate: acetate esters resin as cellulose triacetate and polyester resin, polyether sulfone resin, polycarbonate resin, polyamide-based resin, polyimide based resin, polyolefin resin and acrylic resin etc., but be not limited to these.
From aspects such as polarization characteristic and permanance, can handy especially transparent protective film be the tri cellulose acetate membrane that saponification is handled have been carried out on the surface with alkali etc.The thickness of transparent protective film is arbitrarily, but for making the polaroid purpose of thinness, generally below 500 microns, with 5～300 microns for well, be preferably 5～150 microns.In addition, under the situation of the both sides that transparent protective film are arranged on polaroid, also can adopt the transparent protective film that constitutes by different polymkeric substance with the back side on its surface.
As long as without detriment to purpose of the present invention, the transparent protective film that is used for protective seam can carry out also that hard conating is handled and the antireflection processing, to prevent to adhere to and unlikely diffusion, anti-dazzle etc. are the processing etc. of purpose.It is to prevent that polaroid surface damaged etc. from being the processing that purpose is carried out, and can adopt following mode to finish that hard conating is handled: additional instance is as good curing coverlay such as the hardness that is made of suitable ultraviolet curing resins such as type siloxane, urethanes class, acrylic compounds, epoxy resins and flatness etc. on the surface of transparent protective film.
On the other hand, it is preventing that exterior light is reflected into the processing that purpose is carried out on the polaroid surface that antireflection is handled, and just can finish by forming by the antireflection film of existing standard etc.In addition; prevent to adhere to is to prevent from closely to contact the processing of carrying out for purpose with adjacent layer; it is that hindering the observation of polaroid transmitted light etc. to prevent exterior light from reflecting on the polaroid surface is the processing that purpose is carried out that anti-dazzle is handled; for example adopt the surface roughening mode that sandblast mode or embossing processing mode etc. carry out or cooperate suitable modes such as transparent particulate mode; make the surface of transparent protective film have fine concaveconvex structure, then can achieve the goal.
Shown transparent particulate can be enumerated: for example mean grain size is 0.5～20 micron monox or aluminium oxide, titanium dioxide or zirconia, tin oxide or indium oxide, cadmium oxide or an antimony oxide etc., also can use mineral-type particulate with electric conductivity, in addition, can also use organic based fine particles of constituting by crosslinked or uncrosslinked granular thing of polymkeric substance etc. etc.The consumption of transparent particulate is generally the transparent resin of per 100 wt parts, contains the transparent particulate of 2～70 wt parts, especially 5～50 wt parts.
The anti-dazzle layer that has cooperated transparent particulate can be set, as transparent protective film itself or as lip-deep overlay of transparent protective film etc.The anti-dazzle layer also can make the diffusion of polaroid transmitted light by double as, enlarges the diffusing layer (having viewing angle compensation function etc.) that the visual angle is used.In addition, above-mentioned anti-reflection layer or anti-adhesion layer, diffusing layer or anti-dazzle layer etc. can be set, as the optical layers that constitutes by the thin slice that is provided with these layers etc., and as the layer different with transparent protective film.
Though polarizing coating and do not limited especially as the binder-treatment of the transparent protective film of protective seam can carry out like this: handle by the cementing agent that constitutes by vinyl alcohol polymer or by cementing agent of constituting by the water-soluble cross-linker of vinyl alcohol polymers such as boric acid or borax, glutaraldehyde or melamine, oxalic acid at least etc.Therefore, be difficult for peeling off when being subjected to humidity or heat affecting, can make light transmission and degree of polarization become excellent.Though such tack coat is to form as the coating drying layer of aqueous solution etc., also can cooperate catalyzer such as other adjuvants or acid as required when modulating this aqueous solution.
During actual the use, polaroid can be as the optical component usefulness stacked with other optical layers.This optical layers is not added special qualification; can use for example reflector plate or half-transmitting and half-reflecting sheet; retardation plate (comprises 1/2 wavelength sheet; λ sheets such as 1/4 wavelength sheet) optical compensation films or increase one deck or two-layer certain above suitable optical layers that brightness film etc. is used for forming liquid crystal indicator etc.; the particularly reflection type polarizer or the half-transmitting and half-reflecting sheet type polaroid of stacked again reflector plate or half-transmitting and half-reflecting sheet on the polaroid that constitutes by polarizing coating and protective seam; the ellipsoidal polarizing plate or the circular polarizing disk of stacked retardation plate again on the polaroid that constitutes by above-mentioned polarizing coating and protective seam; the polaroid of stacked optical compensation films again on the polaroid that constitutes by above-mentioned polaroid and protective seam; perhaps, on the polaroid that constitutes by above-mentioned polarizing coating and protective seam the polaroid of stacked again increase brightness film for well.
Above-mentioned polaroid now is described, reflector plate is arranged on it on the polaroid and forms reflection type polarizer and use, reflection type polarizer is set at the back side one side of liquid crystal cell usually, the liquid crystal indicator of the type that shows from the incident light of observing side (demonstration side) etc. is reflected in energy formation, can omit the light source of built-in grade backlight, have the advantage of the slimming of seeking liquid crystal indicator easily etc.
Reflection type polarizer can form like this: as required, adopt by above-mentioned transparent protective film etc., the suitable mode that will be arranged on mode on the side surface of polaroid etc. by the reflection horizon that metal etc. constitutes is carried out.Can enumerate in passing as its object lesson: the paper tinsel that will be made of reflective metal such as aluminium or vapor-deposited film are laid in and have carried out as required having formed the reflection horizon on the side surface of the transparent protective film that surface layer handles.
In addition, can also enumerate: containing reflection type polarizer that the reflection horizon of having reflected this micro concavo-convex structure is arranged on the above-mentioned transparent protective film of particulate as surperficial micro concavo-convex structure etc.The reflection horizon of surface micro concavo-convex structure has by diffuse reflection makes the incident light diffusion, prevents directive property or flicker, suppresses the uneven advantage of light and shade etc.The reflection horizon of having reflected the surperficial micro concavo-convex structure of transparent protective film can form like this: for example adopt suitable modes such as evaporation modes such as vacuum evaporation mode, ion plating mode, sputter mode or plating mode, directly the be laid in lip-deep method etc. of transparent protective film of metal is carried out.
In addition, reflector plate can also replace directly be laid in mode on the transparent protective film of above-mentioned polaroid, is usefulness such as reflector plate on the suitable film of standard as the reflection horizon being arranged on this transparent protective film.The reflection horizon of reflector plate is made of metal usually; its reflecting surface is with the benefit of the use form of the state of coverings such as film or polaroid: prevent because the decline of the reflectivity that oxidation causes; and then keep initial reflectance for a long time, and avoid being provided with in addition protective seam etc.
In addition, in above-mentioned, be reflected the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror etc. of layer reflection and transmission as the reflection horizon of Semitransmissive, can obtain the semi-transparent semi polaroid by making light.The Semitransmissive polaroid is set at the back side one side of liquid crystal cell usually, can be formed in the brighter environment under the situation of using liquid crystal indicator etc., reflection is from the incident light of observing side (demonstration side), display image, in darker environment, use the built-in light source of the grade backlight of the rear side that is built in the Semitransmissive polaroid, such liquid crystal indicator of display image etc.That is, the Semitransmissive polaroid help to be formed in the bright environment can save on backlight etc. the energy that uses of light source, in darker environment, can use the liquid crystal indicator of the type of built-in light source.
Secondly, the ellipse or the circular polarizing disk of stacked retardation plate again are described on the polaroid that is made of above-mentioned polarizing coating of the present invention and protective seam.
Linearly polarized light being transformed into ellipse or circularly polarized light or ellipse or circularly polarized light being transformed into linearly polarized light or changing under the situation of polarization direction of linearly polarized light, can use retardation plate etc.Particularly as linearly polarized light being transformed into ellipse or circularly polarized light or ellipse or circularly polarized light being transformed into the retardation plate of linearly polarized light, can use so-called 1/4 wavelength sheet (be also referred to as λ/4 slice).Under the situation of the polarization direction that changes linearly polarized light, use 1/2 wavelength sheet (be also referred to as λ/2 slice) usually.
In compensation because painted (blue or yellow) that the birefringent phenomenon of the liquid crystal layer of STN type liquid crystal indicator produces, do not have the situation of above-mentioned painted white and black displays inferior, can use ellipsoidal polarizing plate effectively.In addition, the ellipsoidal polarizing plate of having controlled three-dimensional refractive index can compensate painted that (preventing) produces well when vergence direction is seen the picture of liquid crystal indicator.Circular polarizing disk can be effectively used to for example to adjust the situation etc. of tone that image is the image of the colored reflection-type liquid-crystal display device that shows, in addition, has the function of antireflection.
As the object lesson of above-mentioned retardation plate, can enumerate: the film that is made of the suitable polymkeric substance as polycarbonate or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polystyrene or polymethylmethacrylate, polypropylene or other polyolefin, poly-propionic ester or polyamide is extended the alignment films of the birefringence film that constitutes after the processing, liquid crystal polymer, supports the retardation plate etc. of the oriented layer of liquid crystal polymer with film.In addition, as the tilted alignment film, can enumerate: for example heat-shrinkable film is bonded on the polymer film, under the effect of the convergent force that produces by heating, polymer film is extended and handle or the alignment films of shrink process and the alignment films etc. that makes the liquid crystal polymer tilted alignment.
Secondly, the polaroid that again compensation film for angular field of view is layered on the polaroid that polarizing coating and protective seam by the invention described above constitute is described.
Even compensation film for angular field of view is a kind ofly to be not orthogonal to picture at the picture that makes liquid crystal indicator, to see from the direction that tilts a little and also can enlarge the visual angle under the situation of picture, so that can see the film that image is used more brightly.
As such compensation film for angular field of view, can use the film or the retardation plate that on cellulose triacetate etc., have applied discotic mesogenic.Common retardation plate can use along the direction of its face has birefringent polymer film along uniaxial extension, different therewith, the retardation plate that uses as compensation film for angular field of view can use along the direction of its face to have along the birefringent polymer film of twin shaft extension, and at face direction upper edge uniaxial extension, also along the so two-way stretched PTFE film of the tilted alignment polymer film of the refractive index of the control thickness direction of thickness direction extension etc.As mentioned above, can enumerate as the tilted alignment film: for example heat-shrinkable film is bonded on the polymer film, under the effect of the convergent force that produces by heating, polymer film is extended and handle or the alignment films of shrink process and the alignment films etc. that makes the liquid crystal polymer tilted alignment.The starting material polymkeric substance of retardation plate can use with in front retardation plate in the same polymkeric substance of polymer phase that illustrate.
Be bonded in the rear side that polaroid on the polaroid that polarizing coating and protective seam by the invention described above constitute can be arranged on liquid crystal cell usually and use increasing the brightness film.Increase the brightness film and present such characteristic: because liquid crystal indicator etc. backlight or from the reflection of the back side one side etc.; if natural light incident is arranged; then make the linearly polarized light of regulation polarization axle or the circularly polarized light reflection of prescribed direction; and make other light transmissions; can make light incident so will increase the polaroid of brightness film-stack on the above-mentioned polaroid that constitutes by polarizing coating and protective seam from light source such as backlight; obtain the transmitted light of regulation polarization state, the while does not make the transmittance beyond the afore mentioned rules polarization state and makes its reflection.The light that reflects on the surface of this increase brightness film the reflection horizon by being arranged on its rear side etc. is carried out oppositely again, reentering to be mapped to increases on the brightness film, make its part or all light transmission as the regulation polarization state, seek to see through the light increment that increases the brightness film, supply with simultaneously and be not easy to be polarized the polarized light that film absorbs, the increase of the light quantity by seeking to be used for liquid crystal image demonstration etc. improves brightness.That is, increase the brightness film, make by polarizing coating under the situation of light incident not using, have wide part with the inconsistent polarization direction of polarization axle of polarizing coating and be polarized film and absorb, through polarizing coating with the rear side from liquid crystal cell such as backlight.That is, even the characteristic difference of employed polarizing coating absorbs but still have about 50% light to be polarized film, the light quantity that this part can be used for liquid crystal image demonstration etc. reduces the image deepening.Because increase the brightness film light with such polarization direction that can be polarized the film absorption is incided on the polarizing coating, and increasing reflection temporarily on the brightness film, reflection horizon by being arranged on its back etc. reenters to be mapped to after oppositely again increases on the brightness film, carry out so repeatedly, the between reflection, polarisation of light direction oppositely becomes can pass through the such polarization direction of polarizing coating, increasing the brightness film sees through the polarized light that has become such polarization direction, supply with polarizing coating, so the light of grade backlight can be used for effectively the demonstration of the image of liquid crystal indicator, can make picture bright.
As above-mentioned increase brightness film, can use: the multi-layer laminate of for example dielectric multilayer film or the mutually different film of refractive index anisotropy presents the linearly polarized light that makes the regulation polarization axle and sees through and reflect the increase brightness film (3M corporate system " D-BEF " etc.) of the characteristic of other light; And for example the alignment films of cholesteric liquid crystal layers, particularly cholesteric liquid crystal polymers or its aligned liquid-crystal layer are supported on the increase brightness film (day eastern electrician's corporate system " PCF350 ", Merck corporate system " Transmax ") on the film matrix material; And present any one circularly polarized light that reflects left-handed or dextrorotation and the suitable increase brightness films such as increase brightness film that make the characteristic of other light transmissions.
Therefore, the increase brightness film of the type that sees through with the above-mentioned linearly polarized light that makes the regulation polarization axle makes its transmitted light be directly incident on the polaroid along polarization axle, thereby can suppress the absorption loss of polaroid, makes light transmission efficiently.On the other hand, utilize the increase brightness film that makes the type that circularly polarized light sees through as cholesteric liquid crystal layers, though can be directly incident on the polarizing coating, from suppressing the absorption loss this point, linear polarization incides on the polaroid after photochemical by retardation plate preferably to make the transmission circularly polarized light.By the way, by using 1/4 wavelength sheet, circularly polarized light can be transformed into linearly polarized light as this retardation plate.
The retardation plate that has as 1/4 wavelength sheet function in the wide wavelength coverage of visible light wave range can obtain like this: for example by having as the retardation layer of 1/4 wavelength sheet function to the monochromatic light of the light of wavelength 550nm etc. and presenting the retardation layer of another phase difference characteristics, for example have the mode that the retardation layer as 1/2 wavelength sheet function is piled up and obtain.Therefore, the retardation plate that is configured between polaroid and the increase brightness film can be made of one deck or two-layer above retardation layer.
In addition, about cholesteric liquid crystal layers, combine by the retardation layer that reflection wavelength is different, constituted the two-layer or configuration structure more than three layers overlapping, retardation plate can be obtained, the transmission circularly polarized light of wide wavelength coverage can be obtained based on this point at the wide wavelength coverage internal reflection of visible light wave range circularly polarized light.
In addition, polaroid, also can constitute as polarized light divergence type polaroid by the structure of stacked polaroid and two-layer or optical layers more than three layers.Therefore, can be reflection-type ellipsoidal polarizing plate that above-mentioned reflection type polarizer or semi-transparent semi polaroid and retardation plate are combined or semi-transparent semi ellipsoidal polarizing plate etc.Though stacked the optical component two-layer or optical layers more than three layers can adopt additionally stacked successively mode to form in the manufacture process of liquid crystal indicator etc., but the optical component that makes after stacked in advance, the stability of its quality and the operability of assembling operation etc. are all good, have the advantage of the manufacturing efficient that can improve liquid crystal indicator etc.Can adopt suitable adhesive methods such as tack coat when in addition, stacked.
Tack coat with other members bonding usefulness such as liquid crystal cell can be set in above-mentioned polaroid or optical component.Can form this tack coat by the suitable cementing agent of existing standard with acrylic compounds etc.Particularly cause foamed phenomenon or peel off phenomenon, prevent owing to moisture absorption from preventing because the warpage of the decline of the optical characteristics that causes of thermal dilation difference or liquid crystal cell and then form the aspects such as liquid crystal indicator of quality height, good endurance, the preferably good tack coat of hydroscopicity low heat resistant.In addition, can constitute and contain particulate and present tack coat of light scattering etc.As required tack coat is arranged on the necessary face and gets final product, for example, as required, tack coat can be arranged on the one or both sides of protective seam with the protective seam of the polaroid that constitutes by polarizing coating and protective seam.
Exposed from the teeth outwards under the situation that is arranged on the tack coat on polaroid or the optical component, with this tack coat for actual the use before, for preventing purpose such as pollution, the most handy dividing plate covers temporarily.Can form dividing plate with the following methods: as required, to be arranged on above-mentioned transparent protective film be on the suitable thin slice body of standard to the overlayer of peeling off that utilizes that remover forms that type siloxane or long-chain alkanes, fluorine class or molybdenum sulfide etc. are suitable.
In addition; form the polarizing coating of above-mentioned polaroid or optical component or each layers such as transparent protective film, optical layers or tack coat and can be the suitable mode of mode that employing ultraviolet light absorber such as salicylate compounds or benzophenone compound, benzotriazole compound or cyanoacrylate compound, nickel complex salt compounds for example handles etc., have UVA can layer etc.
Polaroid of the present invention and optical component can be used for the formation of various devices such as liquid crystal indicator etc., particularly can perform well in polaroid is configured in the liquid crystal indicator of reflection-type on the one or both sides of liquid crystal cell or semi-transparent semi.The liquid crystal cell that forms liquid crystal indicator is arbitrarily, for example can be the liquid crystal cell of the active matrix drive-type of representative with the film transistor type, be the simple matrix of the representative suitably liquid crystal cell of type such as driving with twisted nematic or super-twist nematic.
In addition, under the situation of the both sides that polaroid or optical component are arranged on liquid crystal cell, they can be identical, also can be different.In addition, when forming liquid crystal indicator, one deck or two-layer above for example prism array sheet or lens array sheet, light diffusing patch or suitable component configuration such as backlight can be gone up in position.
[embodiment]
Secondly, with embodiment and comparative example, be described more specifically the present invention.In addition, the present invention not only is defined in present embodiment.
(embodiment 1)
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PVA) film (Clalay system, trade name 9X75RS) of 75 microns of averages degree of polymerization 2400, thickness is placed in 100 ℃ the heated oven, carried out 3 times of extensions.Then, 30 ℃ iodine bathe (concentration 0.04 weight %) while in relax and flood 1 minute (relaxation rate 20%, dry type extension ratio 6.7%).Again 30 ℃ boric acid bathe extend on one side in (concentration 5 weight %) 1.5 times flood 1 minute after, in 25 ℃ pure water, wash processing, 60 ℃ times dryings 4 minutes, obtained polarizing coating.
(embodiment 2)
The PVA film identical with embodiment 1 rearward applied tension force while contacting on 100 ℃ warm-up mill, carried out 4 times extension.Then, 30 ℃ iodine bathe (concentration 0.04 weight %) while in relax and flood 1 minute (relaxation rate 20%, dry type extension ratio 5%).Again 30 ℃ boric acid bathe extend on one side in (concentration 5 weight %) 1.3 times flood 1 minute after, in 25 ℃ pure water, wash processing, 60 ℃ times dryings 4 minutes, obtained polarizing coating.
(embodiment 3)
Will the PVA film identical be placed in 100 ℃ the heated oven, have carried out 4 times extension with embodiment 1.Then, 30 ℃ iodine bathe (concentration 0.04 weight %) while in relax and flood 1 minute (relaxation rate 20%, dry type extension ratio 6.3%).Again 30 ℃ boric acid bathe extend on one side in (concentration 5 weight %) 1.3 times flood 1 minute after, in 25 ℃ pure water, wash processing, 60 ℃ times dryings 4 minutes, obtained polarizing coating.
(comparative example 1)
Will the PVA film identical be placed in 100 ℃ the heated oven, have carried out 3 times extend axially with embodiment 1.Then, in 30 ℃ iodine are bathed at dipping under the state that keeps multiplying power after 1 minute, 30 ℃ boric acid bathe (concentration 5 weight %) while in extend 1.5 times and flooded 1 minute, in 25 ℃ pure water, wash processing, with 60 ℃ of dryings 4 minutes, obtained polarizing coating.
(comparative example 2)
The PVA film identical with embodiment 1 rearward applied tension force while contacting on 100 ℃ warm-up mill, carried out 4 times extension.Then, in 30 ℃ iodine are bathed at dipping under the state that keeps multiplying power after 1 minute, 30 ℃ boric acid bathe (concentration 5 weight %) while in extend 1.3 times and flooded 1 minute, in 25 ℃ pure water, wash processing, drying is 4 minutes under 60 ℃, has obtained polarizing coating.
(comparative example 3)
Will the PVA film identical be placed in 100 ℃ the heated oven, have carried out 4 times extension with embodiment 1.Then, in 30 ℃ iodine are bathed at dipping under the state that keeps multiplying power after 1 minute, 30 ℃ boric acid bathe (concentration 5 weight %) while in extend 1.3 times and flooded 1 minute, in 25 ℃ pure water, wash processing, drying is 4 minutes under 60 ℃, has obtained polarizing coating.
(evaluation test)
With following method the polarizing coating of making has been estimated its optical characteristics in embodiment and comparative example.It is the results are shown in the table 1.
(transmissivity)
(Shimadzu Seisakusho Ltd.'s system UV-2400) is measured, and is the Y value of utilizing the degree visual field of 2 among the JISZ 8701 (illuminant-C) to carry out the visual sensitivity correction with spectrophotometer.
(degree of polarization)
Transmissivity (parallel transmissivity: H when polarization axle being overlapped two identical polaroids abreast with above-mentioned spectrophotometric determination
0) and transmissivity (the quadrature transmissivity: H of quadrature when overlapping
90), tried to achieve degree of polarization with following formula.In addition, parallel transmissivity (H
0) and the transmissivity (H of quadrature
90) be the Y value of utilizing the degree visual field of 2 among the JIS Z 8701 (illuminant-C) to carry out the visual sensitivity correction.
(table 1)
| Transmissivity | Degree of polarization | |
| Embodiment 1 | ????43.5％ | ????98.5％ |
| Embodiment 2 | ????43.6％ | ????98.7％ |
| Embodiment 3 | ????43.8％ | ????98.3％ |
| Comparative example 1 | ????43.1％ | ????94.3％ |
| Comparative example 2 | ????43.5％ | ????96.2％ |
| Comparative example 3 | ????43.6％ | ????95.8％ |
Carry out lax embodiment when in containing the treating fluid of iodine, flooding as known from Table 1, and compared the former degree of polarization height with the comparative example that relaxes.
[effect of invention]
As mentioned above, if adopt the manufacture method of polarizing coating of the present invention, then since make the dry type uniaxial extension the polyvinyl alcohol film in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or dichroic dye, carried out film lax after, in containing the aqueous solution of boride, extend again, so can make the polarizing coating of high-transmission rate, high-polarization. If employing the method, then because by the Edge Coloring that relaxes on one side, the absorption of dyestuff is orientated, so obtain easily the film of high-transmission rate, even it is smaller to contain the extension ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol film in the aqueous solution of boride, also can obtain the film of high-polarization. Therefore, can stably make the polarizing coating of high-polarization, high-transmission rate.
Claims (20)
1. the manufacture method of a polarizing coating is characterized in that:
After making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended.
2. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The PVA crosslinking chemical is at least a compound of selecting from the group that is made of boric acid, borax, glyoxal and glutaraldehyde.
3. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The dry type extension ratio of polyvinyl alcohol film is more than two times, and the extension ratio of m flac is more than 1.02 times.
4. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The relaxation rate of polyvinyl alcohol film is below 10% of dry type extension ratio.
5. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film is below 6.5 times.
6. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
The dry type extension ratio of polyvinyl alcohol film is 2～6 times.
7. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
The extension ratio of m flac is 1.1～4.0 times.
8. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that:
The overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film is 4.0～6.5 times.
9. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
The thickness of polyvinyl alcohol film is 5～150 microns.
10. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Contain in the water of per 100 wt parts of aqueous solution of iodine and contain the iodine of 0.01～0.5 wt part, the potassium iodide of 0.05～50 wt part, and temperature is in 10～80 ℃ scope.
11. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Contain the PVA crosslinking chemical that contains 0.1～15 wt part in the water of per 100 wt parts of aqueous solution of PVA crosslinking chemical and temperature in 10～90 ℃ scope.
12. the manufacture method of polarizing coating as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that:
The PVA crosslinking chemical is a boride.
13. one kind in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye, make the polyvinyl alcohol film that has carried out behind the dry type uniaxial extension lax, and then in the aqueous solution that contains the PVA crosslinking chemical, make this m flac extend the polarizing coating of acquisition, it is characterized in that:
Transmissivity is more than 43.0%, and degree of polarization is more than 98%.
14. polarizing coating as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that:
The dry type extension ratio of polyvinyl alcohol film is 2～6 times, and relaxation rate is below 10% of dry type extension ratio, and the extension ratio of m flac is 1.1～4.0 times, and the overall elongation multiplying power of polyvinyl alcohol film is below 6.5 times.
15. a polaroid is characterized in that:
Diaphragm is sticked on by after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension; in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended and at least one side of the polarizing coating made.
16. an optical component is characterized in that:
Reflector plate or half-transmitting and half-reflecting sheet are layered in by after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended and on the polarizing coating made.
17. an optical component is characterized in that:
Retardation plate or λ sheet are layered in by after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended and on the polarizing coating made.
18. an optical component is characterized in that:
Optical compensation films is layered in by after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended and on the polarizing coating made.
19. an optical component is characterized in that:
To increase the brightness film-stack by after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended and on the polarizing coating made.
20. a liquid crystal indicator is characterized in that:
At least one side at liquid crystal cell has by after making the polyvinyl alcohol film carry out the dry type uniaxial extension, in the aqueous solution that contains iodine or contain in the aqueous solution of dichroic dye laxly, this m flac is extended and the polarizing coating made.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02118184 CN1453598A (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | Polarized film and its producing method, polaroid and optical structural parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02118184 CN1453598A (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | Polarized film and its producing method, polaroid and optical structural parts |
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| CN1453598A true CN1453598A (en) | 2003-11-05 |
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| CN 02118184 Pending CN1453598A (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | Polarized film and its producing method, polaroid and optical structural parts |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331635A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-01-25 | 日东电工株式会社 | Optical display having polarizing film |
| CN103080791A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2013-05-01 | 日东电工株式会社 | Method of producing thin polarizing film |
| CN103097929A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-05-08 | 日东电工株式会社 | Method for producing thin polarizing film |
| CN101382616B (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2013-10-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polarized film, polaroid and its producing method |
| CN103472520B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-02-17 | 佛山纬达光电材料有限公司 | A kind of high temperature resistant iodine polarizing slice processing method |
| CN107861183A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2018-03-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polarizing coating and its manufacture method and polarization plates |
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2002
- 2002-04-24 CN CN 02118184 patent/CN1453598A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101382616B (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2013-10-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polarized film, polaroid and its producing method |
| CN102331635A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2012-01-25 | 日东电工株式会社 | Optical display having polarizing film |
| CN103080791A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2013-05-01 | 日东电工株式会社 | Method of producing thin polarizing film |
| CN102331635B (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2014-10-15 | 日东电工株式会社 | Optical display having polarizing film |
| CN103097929A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-05-08 | 日东电工株式会社 | Method for producing thin polarizing film |
| US10532526B2 (en) | 2010-09-09 | 2020-01-14 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method for producing thin polarizing film |
| CN107861183A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2018-03-30 | 住友化学株式会社 | Polarizing coating and its manufacture method and polarization plates |
| CN103472520B (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2016-02-17 | 佛山纬达光电材料有限公司 | A kind of high temperature resistant iodine polarizing slice processing method |
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