CN1450378A - Optical design method for composite ellipsoidal surface double high efficient condenser lens and condenser lens thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is an optical design method of composite ellipsoid surface, double high-effective optical collector and the optical collector. The technical project: according to the profile size of the integral optical system, determine the parameters such as the distance F1F2 between the first focus F1 and the second one F2, aperture angle 2U' and optical aperture as the limit conditions, then due to each -Mu excellently selected corresponding with each U angle, find the solution of each elliptical essentricity e, and then find the solution and determine the coordinate (x,y) of each point in the section line of the optical collector, corresponding with each U angle, and rationally select -Mu, which makes the composite section link keep continuous increase by degrees, and when the inflexion of the value y occurs, adopts smooth transition or optical connection to eliminate the effect of the inflexion.

Description

The optical design method and the condenser thereof of the two high-effective concentration mirrors of a kind of compound ellipsoid

Technical field: the invention belongs to the optical design technical field, especially relate to the optical design method and the condenser thereof of the two high-effective concentration mirrors of a kind of ellipsoid.

Technical background: in a lot of illuminating engineerings or illuminator, in the particularly senior homogeneous system, the condenser of light source is a critical component in its overall optical system, and it relates to and how to make full use of with the radiation power of what use is made of light source and in the distribution problem of the clear aperture internal irradiation degree of follow-up illuminated field or optical system.

In the optical design of in the past mirror condenser, mostly adopt single ellipsoid condenser, promptly the meridian transversal is a continuous quafric curve ellipse.

With the most approaching prior art of the present invention be that the optical design method and the condenser thereof of single ellipsoid condenser (celebrates that professor Wang Dahang is engaged in 55 anniversary of scientific research activity scientific paper collection, the P332 page or leaf, Chen Xingdan chief editor, Jilin science tech publishing house in October, 1992).

We are with there being the related parameter synoptic diagram that the optical design method of single ellipsoid condenser is described in the condenser meridian reference surface shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 adopts the x-y rectangular coordinate system, and the x axle is an optical axis, and true origin " O " is a summit of ellipsoid, F ₁Be the first oval focus, the summit O of condenser is to first focal point F ₁Distance be first the collection focal length, use f ₁Expression; F ₂Be the second oval focus, D is the condenser exit pupil diameter, and 2U ' angle is a condenser outgoing beam aperture angle, transversal 2, condenser exit pupil diameter 3 (D), oval second focal point F of mistake in light source luminescent intensity distributions distribution curve flux 1, the condenser optical reflection face meridian ellipse ₂The place is clear aperture 5 (D in condenser second focal plane 4, second focal plane perpendicular to the face of optical axis ₀).

First focal point F ₁To second focal point F ₂Axial distance F ₁F ₂, parameters such as condenser exit pupil diameter 3 (D), condenser outgoing beam aperture angle 2U ' are to be calculated by the overall optical system outside dimension to provide and limit.

The optical design process is: optical designers as required and experience is at first selected first focal distance f ₁=OF ₁, like this, second focal distance f ₂Can be written as f ₂=f ₁+ F ₁F ₂, introduce parameter A, make $A=4\&times;\frac{(f_1\&times;f_2)}{(f_1+f_2),}=4\&times;\frac{f_1{\&times;f}_2}{f_1{+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A0311095000111.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_2}$ Oval excentricity $e=\frac{f_2-f_1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="f"\; filenames="A0311095000111.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">f</figure-callout>}}_2+f_1}$ Introduce B parameter, make B=e ²-1, then oval transversal equation is y ²=Ax+Bx ²Cross first focal point F ₁Become with optical axis (x axle) the U angle straight line and oval transversal joining (x, y), this equation of line is x=f ₁-y/tgU, condenser transversal (ellipse) go up a certain point coordinate value x, y by the group of solving an equation Obtain.On the condenser transversal certain 1 o'clock to first focal point F ₁Line and the angle between the optical axis (x axle) be U, light source luminescent intensity angle distribution range is U ₀～U _M, be U by the light source luminescent intensity angle distribution range of condenser convergence reflex ₀～U _m, U ₀～U _mScope inner light source radiation power accounts for U ₀～U _MThe number percent of the whole optical radiation powers of scope inner light source is called the light gathering efficiency of condenser, uses K usually ₁Expression; Clear aperture 5 (D on second focal plane of being assembled by condenser 4 ₀) in optical radiation power account on second focal plane 4 whole number percent of optical radiation powers and be called optical radiation power utilization factors in the clear aperture 5 on second focal plane 4, use K usually ₂Expression.K ₁And K ₂Be that lamp optical system is to two important factors in the radiation power transmission efficiency, K ₁And K ₂And the second light irradiance distribution consistency degree in the clear aperture on the focal plane, depending primarily on condenser reflecting surface face shape is reflecting surface meridian transversal shape.Improve K simultaneously ₁And K ₂And clear aperature D ₀Interior light irradiance distribution consistency degree is the key problem that optical designers is considered.

The very narrow endless belt of condenser of different U angle correspondences is to being positioned at first focal point F ₁On the projection imaging multiplying power of " point " light source, under single ellipsoid condenser situation, provide following formula, by geometrical optics, two focal point F of ellipsoid condenser ₁, F ₂Imaging conjugate points each other, horizontal multiplying power M in the catoptric imaging _u=-SinU/SinU '.With F ₁For limit, U angle are polar angle, F ₁O is in the polar coordinates, and by the character of ellipse as can be known, a certain M point is to F on the ellipse ₁, F ₂2 apart from MF ₁With MF ₂Sum is a constant, equals 2a, and the 2a here is a transverse, equals 2f ₁+ F ₁F ₂, and can try to achieve ${\mathrm{MF}}_1=\frac{a\&times;\left({1-e}^2\right)}{1+e\&times;\mathrm{CosU}}$ ${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="MF"\; filenames="A0311095000111.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">MF</figure-callout>}}_2=\frac{a\&times;({\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="e"\; filenames="A0311095000111.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}^2+2\&times;e\&times;\mathrm{CosU}+1)}{1+e\&times;\mathrm{CosU}}---\frac{\mathrm{SinU}}{{\mathrm{SinU}}^{\&prime;}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="MF"\; filenames="A0311095000111.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">MF</figure-callout>}}_2}{{\mathrm{MF}}_1}$ $-M_u=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="e"\; filenames="A0311095000111.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">e</figure-callout>}}^2+2\&times;e\&times;\mathrm{CosU}+1}{1-e^2}$ E is oval excentricity in the formula, is not difficult to find out " point " light source projection imaging rate-M from formula _uBe the function of oval eccentric ratio e and angle U ,-M _uVariation with e and U angle is decided.When the U=0 in the formula, M _oBe the paraxial optics multiplying power, can be written as-M _o=f ₂/ f ₁=(F ₁+ F ₂+ f ₁)/f ₁In the design of single ellipsoid condenser, has only a design parameter M _oOr e is selective, can not satisfy the light gathering efficiency K of condenser ₁With optical radiation power utilization factor K in the clear aperture on second focal plane ₂Two two efficient requirements that important factor improves simultaneously make the bore of single ellipsoid condenser very big sometimes, or the light irradiance distribution gradient increase in the clear aperture on second focal plane, thereby influence spotlight effect and illuminator technical indicator.

One of type of the single ellipsoidal surface condenser that manufactures and designs by this method, as shown in Figure 2, the meridian transversal 6 of condenser is a continuous quafric curve ellipse.

Summary of the invention:, the objective of the invention is to: in order to obtain the light gathering efficiency K of condenser simultaneously in order to overcome the shortcoming that above-mentioned prior art exists ₁Optical radiation power utilization factor K in the clear aperture on height, second focal plane ₂High two high-effective concentration mirrors, also obtain simultaneously the illuminated field of the irradiance distribution uniformity coefficient of light in the clear aperture on second focal plane, the spy invents the optical design method of the two high-effective concentration mirrors of a kind of compound ellipsoid, and designs and manufactures the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid by this method.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the optical design method of setting up the two high-effective concentration mirrors of a kind of compound ellipsoid.And design and manufacture the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid by this method.

The technical scheme of technical solution problem is: illustrated in conjunction with Fig. 1: F among Fig. 1 ₁Be oval first focus, F ₂Be that oval second focus, 2U ' angle is condenser outgoing beam aperture angle, clear aperture 5 (D are arranged on second focal plane 4 ₀).According to the physical dimension result of calculation of overall optical system, at first determine first focal point F of condenser optical system ₁To second focal point F ₂Axial distance F ₁F ₂, the clear aperture 5 (D of rear optical systems in condenser outgoing beam aperture angle 2U ' and second focal plane 4 ₀) as qualifications; Next be the optical system of condenser as adopting the x-y rectangular coordinate system, the x axle is the optical axis of system, true origin O be a summit of ellipse, by each U angle correspondence that optimizes-Mu, by formula $e=\frac{((-2\&times;\mathrm{CosU})+\sqrt{({(2\&times;\mathrm{CosU})}^2-4\&times;(1-M_u)\&times;(1+M_u))})}{(2\&times;(1-M_u))}$ Calculate the oval eccentric ratio e of each U angle correspondence on the compound oval transversal.Can ask the corresponding M of this (x, y) point by e ₀, by M ₀And F ₁F ₂Can obtain f ₁, and then find the solution f ₂, A, B; A=4 * f ₁* f ₂/ f ₁+ f ₂, B=e ²-1.Just obtain simultaneous equations:

And solve the coordinate (x, y) of each point on the compound ellipsoid transversal of each U angle correspondence thus, according to the precision that design accuracy requirement and process equipment and process conditions can reach, determine the quantity (being the number at U angle) of coordinate (x, the y) point on the compound ellipsoid condenser transversal; The 3rd, the projection imaging multiplying power-Mu of compound ellipsoid condenser changes with the U angle, the U angle and-the different sections of change speed at the U angle of Mu are different, reasonably select the projection imaging multiplying power-Mu of condenser, make this condenser transversal keep continuously incrementally variation; The 4th, in some cases, two kinds of disposal routes are arranged when y value flex point occurring, the first is by flex point place and front and back thereof, the choose reasonable of right-Mu value adopts " seamlessly transitting " means to eliminate the y value flex point that has occurred, satisfy this optical design requirement, so-called " seamlessly transitting " is exactly the variation value du at U angle before and after the preferred flex point and the variation value dm of corresponding condenser projection imaging multiplying power-Mu thereof, makes the compound transversal of this condenser keep incrementally changing continuously; Its two, under the prerequisite that satisfies request for utilization and design accuracy, the transversal before and after the flex point is connected with optical means, still must keep the one the first focal point F ₁With second focal point F ₂The imaging of conjugate points each other meets ellipsoid condenser imaging character.

One of type of the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid that optical design method by the two high-effective concentration mirrors of above-mentioned compound ellipsoid manufactures and designs, as shown in Figure 3, possess following feature: the meridian ellipse transversal (7) of condenser is a compound ellipsoid transversal that does not have flex point, seamlessly transits, increases progressively continuously; If the F of ellipsoid condenser optical system ₁F ₂, qualifications such as 2U ' angle, subsequent optical system clear aperture changes, can obtain the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid of another kind of type, the meridian ellipse transversal (8) of condenser remains a compound ellipsoid transversal that does not have flex point, seamlessly transits, increases progressively continuously.Under the prerequisite that satisfies request for utilization and design accuracy, the cross section before and after the flex point is connected with optical means, as long as keep first focal point F ₁With second focal point F ₂The ellipsoid imaging characteristic of conjugate points just can be eliminated the influence of flex point each other.

The principle explanation: in the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid, each point on the meridian transversal of each U correspondence lays respectively on the oval transversal of affiliated separately different parameters, therefore, can select the condenser projection imaging multiplying power-Mu of different U angle correspondence respectively.These points are all simultaneously with first focal point F ₁, second focal point F ₂For them affiliated separately oval first focus and second focus, have with F ₁And F ₂Ellipsoid imaging characteristic as conjugate points.

In the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid, limit when requiring satisfying 2U ' angle, can obtain big as far as possible Um or (U _m-U _o), thereby increase K ₁U _m-U _oWhen the angle is big, rationally preferred U _oTo U _mCorresponding-M ₀To-Mu, can also improve the given clear aperture internal irradiation degree distributing homogeneity of second focal plane, can satisfy like this and improve K simultaneously ₁And K ₂And the comprehensive Design requirement of the second focal plane internal irradiation degree distributing homogeneity.

Above-mentioned U angle and corresponding-Mu's thereof is selected, calculate the coordinate of respective point on the condenser transversal, when these " points " that calculate for infinitely for a long time, can draw on the mathematics and increase progressively transversal continuously, and from physics and technical standpoint, the number of these points always can be limited in certain precision, by means of modern NC machining technological means, the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid can processing and manufacturing.

Good effect of the present invention: can obtain on the light gathering efficiency height, second focal plane of condenser the high two high-effective concentration mirrors of optical radiation power utilization factor in the clear aperture simultaneously, also having obtained simultaneously light irradiance uniform " illumination " field in the clear aperture on second focal plane, is desirable senior uniform illumination system.Or than the illuminated field in the large-engineering.

Description of drawings: Fig. 1 is that ellipsoid condenser meridian reference surface has the related parameter synoptic diagram, Fig. 2 is a single ellipsoid condenser meridian ellipse transversal synoptic diagram in the prior art, Fig. 3 is the meridian ellipse transversal synoptic diagram of one of two high-effective concentration mirror types of compound ellipsoid of manufacturing and designing with the inventive method, and Fig. 4 is the meridian ellipse transversal synoptic diagram with the another kind of type of the two high-effective concentration mirrors of the compound ellipsoid of the inventive method design.

Embodiment: the present invention is by shown in Figure 1, the 2U ' angle, the U that calculate according to overall optical system physical dimension _m-U _o, F ₁F ₂, the parameters such as clear aperture on the emergent pupil bore, second focal plane, as restrictive condition, determine the design accuracy requirement according to request for utilization and existing fabrication process condition.Preferred then each U angle correspondence-Mu, in concrete design, determine or select different U angle segment du and dm rate of change, when y value flex point appears in some situation, in flex point and front and back thereof the y value is carried out optical means and be connected or seamlessly transit, calculate light gathering efficiency K respectively ₁With optical radiation power utilization factor K ₂And second radiant illumination in the clear aperture on the focal plane distribute relatively, analyze comparison, therefrom choose last required design result.

Claims (2)

1, the optical design method of the two high-effective concentration mirrors of a kind of compound ellipsoid is the F that calculate by overall optical system physical dimension ₁F ₂, clear aperture D on the 2U ' angle, second focal plane ₀Etc. parameter as qualifications, by select some U angle correspondence-Mu, find the solution that the coordinate (x, y) put on the ellipsoid transversal of U angle correspondence realizes; The present invention also finds the solution the coordinate (x, y) of each point on the compound ellipsoid transversal by the different-Mu of preferred each U angle correspondence; Select different U angle segment variation value du correspondence-the variation value dm of Mu; Adopt " seamlessly transitting " means or optics linking means to eliminate the influence of flex point when y value flex point occurring; The invention is characterized in:, at first determine first focal point F of condenser optical system according to the physical dimension result of calculation of overall optical system ₁To second focal point F ₂Axial distance F ₁F ₂, condenser outgoing beam aperture angle 2U ' and the interior subsequent optical of second focal plane (4) system clear aperture (5) D ₀As qualifications; Next be the optical system of condenser as adopting the x-y rectangular coordinate system, the x axle is the optical axis of system, true origin O be a summit of ellipse, by each U angle correspondence that optimizes-Mu, by formula $e=\frac{((-2\&times;\mathrm{CosU})+\sqrt{({(2\&times;\mathrm{CosU})}^2-4\&times;(1-\mathrm{Mu})\&times;(1+\mathrm{Mu}))})}{(2\&times;(1-\mathrm{Mu}))}$ Calculate the oval eccentric ratio e of each U angle correspondence on the compound oval transversal.Can ask the corresponding M of this (x, y) point by e ₀, by M ₀And F ₁F ₂Can obtain f ₁, and then find the solution f ₂, A, B; A=4 * f ₁* f ₂/ f ₁+ f ₂, B=e ²-1.Just obtain simultaneous equations: And solve the coordinate (x, y) of each point on the compound ellipsoid transversal of each U angle correspondence thus, according to the precision that design accuracy requirement and process equipment and process conditions can reach, determine the quantity (being the number at U angle) of coordinate (x, the y) point on the compound ellipsoid condenser transversal; The 3rd, the projection imaging multiplying power-Mu of compound ellipsoid condenser changes with the U angle, the U angle and-the different sections of change speed at the U angle of Mu are different, reasonably select the projection imaging multiplying power-Mu of condenser, make this condenser transversal keep continuously incrementally variation; The 4th, in some cases, two kinds of disposal routes are arranged when y value flex point occurring, the first is by flex point place and front and back thereof, the choose reasonable of right-Mu value adopts " seamlessly transitting " means to eliminate the y value flex point that has occurred, satisfy this optical design requirement, so-called " seamlessly transitting " is exactly the variation value du at U angle before and after the preferred flex point and the variation value dm of corresponding condenser projection imaging multiplying power-Mu thereof, makes the compound transversal of this condenser keep incrementally changing continuously; Its two, under the prerequisite that satisfies request for utilization and design accuracy, the transversal before and after the flex point is connected with optical means, still must keep first focal point F ₁With second focal point F ₂The imaging of conjugate points each other meets ellipsoid condenser imaging character.

2, the two high-effective concentration mirrors of a kind of compound ellipsoid, the meridian ellipse transversal (7) that it is characterized in that condenser is a compound ellipsoid transversal that does not have flex point, seamlessly transits, increases progressively continuously; If the F of ellipsoid condenser optical system ₁F ₂, qualifications such as 2U ' angle, subsequent optical system clear aperture changes, can obtain the two high-effective concentration mirrors of compound ellipsoid of another kind of type, the meridian ellipse transversal (8) of condenser remains a compound ellipsoid transversal that does not have flex point, seamlessly transits, increases progressively continuously; Under the prerequisite that satisfies request for utilization and design accuracy, the transversal before and after the flex point is connected with optical means, as long as keep first focal point F ₁With second focal point F ₂The ellipsoid imaging characteristic of conjugate points just can be eliminated the influence of flex point each other.

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