CN1448283B

CN1448283B - Highly performance safety tyre

Info

Publication number: CN1448283B
Application number: CN031013643A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任文林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Ren Wenlin
Priority date: 2002-01-01
Filing date: 2003-01-01
Publication date: 2011-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2023-01-01
Also published as: CN103101400A; CN102310719A; CN103129318A; CN103101400B; CN102310719B; CN102310720A; CN1448283A; CN105882320A; CN103112317A; CN103112316B; CN105774407A; CN103112316A; CN105856972A; CN102310720B; CN105774395A

Abstract

The safe and efficient tyre features that liquid, solid, air or their composite is used as stuffing for the tyre. The tyre has rectangular cross section and flat contact area to ground and has no accident of burst, even in case of being cut by foreign matter. The steel ring cover over one half of the inner cavity of the tyre and has a height from ground of 0.5-5 cm. The tyre has inner container of plastic film with even higher sealing performance and lower cost than rubber and outer cover of plastic and/or rubber. In addition, there is tensile band between the inner container and the outer cover.

Description

Safe and efficient tire

One, technical field:

The invention belongs to traffic and transport field, especially the safe and efficient tire of the vehicle.

Two, background technology:

Known tire has the following disadvantages:

1, poor stability.Tire is in operation and can blows out, and especially front-wheel tyre-burst is accidents caused thus continuous, often causes the heavy losses of lives and properties, and this problem does not obtain fine solution always.The reason of blowing out has foreign matter cutting, the tire temperature is too high, tire pressure is too high, tire self insufficient strength, tire construction are unreasonable etc.One of reason of tire temperature rise be the gas of filling in the tire be under pressure and pressure constantly changes and compressional movement process constantly in produce high temperature.And gas is the bad conductor of heat, and heat can not finely distribute, and is accumulated into high temperature.High temperature makes gas expansion in the tire, produces high pressure, causes blowing out.As seen, gas conduction is poor, and easily giving birth to high temperature is the major cause of blowing out.Because charges are gas, when blowing out, the diameter of accident tire sharply reduces, rotating speed sharply reduces, and the distance of being gone in the same time sharply reduces, and makes the vehicle, as automobile respectively to take turns range ability inconsistent, thereby it is the hard-over campaign in the center of circle that car is taken place to blow out, and the driver has little time to handle, and causes meeting accident to lose control of one's vehicle.It is the key reason that meets accident that diameter of tyres diminishes.

2, efficient is not high.Efficient is meant tire in use, the work capacity of finishing in the unit time.Also refer to useful work shared percentum in total work.Such as motor tire, under the identical situation of other condition, the tire of sufficient gas is than the tire efficient height of deficency.It is the distance that unit energy is gone.The reason that efficient is not high has many, and one of reason is that tire inner stuffing performance inconsistency is suitable.Known tire inner stuffing is an air.The molecular structure of air is very loose, is compressed, changes volume easily.And before being pressed into liquid, its volume always is in labile state.Like this, behind filling pressure air in the tire, because the mutability of volume of air makes the diameter of tire always be in unsteady state.Inflation pressure is excessive, fragile again inside and outside tire.Such as automobile, its tire the radius that is located in and can be shortened during load.In fact, most motor tire and is located in radius and can shortens when load.And the radius of tire sentencing except that landing do not shorten, on the contrary because the increase of pressure and elongated to some extent.Like this, the wheel in the motion always will overcome resistance and advance, or even improves constantly whole center of gravity and move.Because being positioned at wheel and is located in the fwd radius of wheel the radius that is located in than wheel long.So just produce a large amount of useless power consumption, reduced efficient.Again because the load power poor (for liquid, solid) of gas so tire must be made very greatly, could satisfy the carrying demand.This just causes material, worker's waste, and has increased weight, increases energy consumption.

3, tire material poor performance.The material of inside and outside tire is a rubber, and the air-tightness of rubber is not fine, and gas filed pressure is big more, and temperature is high more, and its air-tightness is poor more.The tire of original pressure abundance, soon with regard to deficency, poor air-tightness is a major cause.The drawback of poor air-tightness shows and makes the frequent deficency of tire, and the air pressure deficiency causes tire being located in radius shortening, and produces very big resistance for the tire in the motion, the waste energy.The tyre rim of the steel ring of tire, especially automobile, trac. is made with steel plate, has both increased the car deadweight, easily gets rusty again, also is difficult for processing, cost height.Known technology only bicycle adopts the plastics steel ring, other cars such as self-propelled vehicle, and the manpower wooden handcart does not adopt.A kind of known rickshaw solid rubber tyre is arranged, poor flexibility, bearing capacity is poor, the cost height.

4, tire shape unreasonable structure.From cross-sectional plane, the circular configuration of cover tire inner chamber and the arc-shaped structure of appearance are unfavorable for tire below, promptly be located in, keep radius constant.Such as automobile, need tire certain area that lands to be arranged after the load with carrying, the total pressure of the area that lands of all wheels equals the total weight of car self and load.Be shaped as circular arc inside and outside the known cover tire cross-sectional plane, outside face is more obvious after inflation, and tire be located in becomes a sphere, a ball point, rather than a line.During load, this ball point is because the area that lands is little, and pressure is big, has only inwards and contracts, and has so just become a plane, and tire the radius that is located in and therefore shortened, and produces aforesaid resistance of motion.As seen, the arc-shaped structure of inner chamber and profile on the tire cross-sectional plane can not form the actv. support to tire, can not make tire be located in and form a line.Theoretically, have only when wheel be located in when being an axial line, tire motion is the most laborsaving.Because tire the radius that is located in and was not shortened or shorten minimum this moment.As long as radius one shortens, just become a face, the landing ground identical with ground shape.Landing ground is big more, and radius is short more, waste energy more.

5, the rubbery cover tyre dual-side is too high.Cover tire has the three parts, the side and the dual-side that land.The cover tire dual-side is too high, has both wasted elastomeric material, and it is constant to be unfavorable for that again tire is keeping being located in radius.When tyre load, outer swollen distortion easily takes place in dual-side, must cause tire being located in radius shortening, and forms resistance of motion.

6, cost height.The one, the cover tire landing ground is with after old, and often dual-side is not bad, and the result has but abandoned together.Earth resources is formed waste, also contaminated environment.Old tire renovation poor performance, dangerous, inconvenience, cost height.The 2nd, because aforesaid background technology causes damaged tyres easily, thereby the cost height.

Known technology injects a kind of automatic mending tyre liquid in tire, automatic tire patching when aperture leaks gas.Some water in this tyre repairing fluid composition.The general tyre repairing fluid of tire internal volume below 1/3 that only inject.96101135.1 patent application is a kind of water filling tyre, method is to inject the water of tire internal volume below 1/3 in tire, and purpose is to utilize water on the go generation inertia energy-conservation.Above-mentioned technology can not solve the deficiency that tire exists.Known tyre needs often inflation, and is to guarantee air pressure, therefore inconvenient.Again because complex structure is installed, dismantles, keeps in repair all inconvenient.

The deficiency of known technology also will further specify in conjunction with particular content in the back.

Three, summary of the invention:

The objective of the invention is to solve the problems referred to above of known tyre, make it safety, efficient.

1, changes charges.The present invention is at wheel tyre cavity fill liquid, but back under pressure.Be filled to more than 1/3 of volume, until abundance.Or liquid is full of the space of wheel tyre cavity except that the solid filling thing.The liquid of wheel tyre cavity plays the carrying effect.That charges can be is liquid, paste body shape, colloid shape.Perhaps, charges are solid, liquid, or solid, liquid, the composite of gas, cmpd.Or charges are the critical mass state between solid, liquid, the gas.As semifluid.Or charges are that the aggregation of powdery, granular solids is or/and binder.Expanded material also is as foamed plastic, foamed rubber.Liquid can be water, or the compound of water and other materials or hydrate.The also compound or the cmpd of oil or oil and other materials.Therefore this tire can be apneustic full closeding state, solid state owing to be not easy to leak.Can insert when the fit a tyre as the paste charges, extruding forms filling pressure with carrying by clamping plate, and this tire can be solid shape, also has the foam inner tube of a tyre also can be solid shape, and they all can not have valve.The solid filling thing can be that the present invention is with the inner support of addressing.Filling is promptly filled.Liquids and gases all are fluids, observe same fluid rule, and the damping of gas and carrying effect will realize that finally on this meaning, liquid or gas can obtain same damping and carrying effect as the tire charges by the elasticity and the intensity of cover tire.The size of tire capacity is decided by ply rating and area of thrust surface, and under these two condition unmodified situations, the space is provided with the solid filling thing in tire, does not influence the tire effect, and can play the supporting role after blowing out.Supporting role is also with aftermentioned.As the tire charges, many advantages are arranged with liquid or solid or its composite than gas filling thing.The one, the water tightness of rubber, plastics is better than air-tightness, and the moisture subchain is tightr, more solid in conjunction with getting than gas strand, not fugacity.So just reduced frequent gas filed trouble, and can keep tire to be located in radius constant, reduce resistance of motion.The 2nd, be difficult for blowing out, the permeability of heat of liquid is stronger than gas, and heat production is than gas difference, temperature just is difficult for raising, being difficult for expanding in the tire like this, can therefore not produce high pressure tire is burst and mis-use breakdown.The 3rd, even blow out, liquid, lotion, solid can not resemble to be rushed out the gas quickly entirely, causes flat tire, leads to a disaster.Still can exercise after blowing out, until reparation.Even can not blow out.The 4th, because solid, liquid or viscid bearing capacity are strong, thereby can reduce the volume of tire, alleviate the weight of tire, improve efficiency, cost-cutting.Liquid is different with the effect of liquid in the known tire in the tire of the present invention, and liquid effects is tire patching or plays effect of inertia in the known tire.The present invention but also has carrying, heat transfer, safety, synergistic effect.The role difference, the quantity difference in tire, its material composition is also different.Because the incompressibility of liquid, thus also atmospheric pressure state of liquid in the tire, but still can play the carrying effect.Normal pressure refers to equate with bar pressure that promptly the tire external and internal pressure equates.When the elastic reaction of cover tire during in liquid, the liquid in the tire has had pressure, becomes pressure fluid.Because liquid, lotion, colloid has with gas like or identical dimensional instability and the elasticity under the closed state, so can replace gas as the tire charges.And has the unexistent plurality of advantages of gas.Liquid is only below 1/3 or 1/3 in the known tire, and the present invention can have living space in being full of tire more than 1/3.At realm of nature, solid, liquid, gas do not have boundary completely, and therefore, charges of the present invention also can be the critical mass states of solid, liquid, gas.Solid powder/particle is flocked together, be closed in and make charges in the tire, also can play the effect of flowing material.Because of thinner solid powder/particle also has flowing power, can produce local deformation, such as recessed inwards, and transmit pressure.Under the osed top state, can have enough elasticity equally.The mode of assembling can be used liquid adhesive, forms colloid.Be with the elastomeric solid also can be separately as charges in the tire.As foam, foamed plastic, bipeltate.The foam charges are equivalent to the inner tube of a tyre, can combine with cover tire, on its cross section combination interface are arranged.For waterproof at ice up in winter, can in water, add compound or hydrate that other materials form water.Use instead oil or oil compound or cmpd.This charges also can be used on non-season in winter or other places certainly.Charges are the compound or the cmpd of other materials beyond water, the oil also.In the charges (as liquid) various additives can be arranged, as leak preventer, maintaining agent, anti-freeze additive, anti fouling composition etc.The tire of different purposes can have the charges of different performance.Since be difficult for leaking, so tire can be apneustic, i.e. aerating midway, primary filling, the lifelong use.If with after plastic sealing layer in the tire of addressing is combined better, select the scope of charges can be wider.This will make things convenient for use widely, raise the efficiency.

2, enclose shallow tire deeply.Be dark steel ring, shallow cover tire.Shallow cover tire comprises the tabular cover tire.The volume of known tyre, almost entirely in rubbery cover tyre, what have has seldom a volume in steel ring, only account for below 1/3 of whole tire total volume.Steel ring does not encase the cover tire except that the rim of the mouth.Tire capacity is meant the inner space of tire, and promptly cover tire and steel ring be in conjunction with space in the formed tire, is used for the filling material, supports the volume of cover tire and supports the elasticity of cover tire.Known cover tire has the three parts, and dual-side and bottom surface, bottom surface are periphery.Its dual-side is very high, and purpose is to form the space that holds charges.The cover tire that side is high has many deficiencies.The one, yielding.We also obtain its harm in the benefit that obtains the rubbery cover tyre good springiness, the same good springiness of dual-side of Here it is cover tire, and good springiness is just yielding.When the cover tire load, because the round property that becomes of fluid, dual-side promptly outwards protrudes, make tire the radius that is located in shorten, form resistance of motion.The 2nd, when blowing out, cover tire loses upholder in the tire, and the dual-side of rubber tyre can't bear weight, flat immediately gets off, and forms accident causation.The 3rd, the very high both many consumption of rubber of cost height, dual-side increase difficulty of processing again.

The present invention deepens the dual-side that steel ring replaces or encase cover tire, forms the inner cavity chamber of tire, i.e. the tire internal volume.Have only a small amount of volume on the cover tire or do not have volume.Just in time be that known technology is reversed.Steel ring also can be the clamping plate shape, and two clamping plate are clamped cover tire from dual-side.Clamping plate also can be big on one side, little on one side.But the second splint weld together, also available bolt or collar are fixed-type.During installation, can put cover tire earlier, with clamping plate cover tire be clamped again, be fixed on the steel ring.Like this, overcome the deficiency that known technology is difficult for dress, tears open.The steel ring dual-side replaces or the dual-side that encases cover tire has following effect, and the one, cover tire can't be out of shape, tire and is located in radius and does not shorten.It is relative not shortening, and for known cover tire shortened a lot, the present invention did not shorten.Theoretically, all deformation can take place after any material is stressed, just amount varies in size.In fact, also can be out of shape behind the tire force of the present invention, tire the radius that is located in and also can be shortened, and just for known technology, the amount that shortens is much smaller, thereby reaches purpose safely and efficiently.The 2nd, when blowing out, because steel ring has encased the cover tire dual-side, the degree that encases (or claiming clamping) has reached the over half of known cover tire side height, the steel ring ground clearance can be below 5 centimetres, 0.5 more than centimetre, so tire radius can not shorten much quickly,, steel ring loses the cover tire that charges support because having propped up.Even tire radius shortens a bit, some deflection takes place in car, but is unlikely uncontrollable, and still can travel.The 3rd, save elastomeric material, convenient processing, save cost.The steel ring ground clearance also can be decided according to needing more than 5 centimetres.

3, explosion-protection equipment of tyre.It is the safety apparatus after the tire blast.Also can in tire, establish the protective action of blowing out that inner support replaces steel ring.Inner support refers to be positioned at tire, works the device of the protective action of blowing out.Inner support can be different shape, as circular, banded, is positioned at tire, plays a supporting role.When blowing out, inner support is taken over weighting material and is supported whole loads.Such as two T shape semi-discs are arranged in cover tire, its vertical edge is stuck on the steel ring, and horizontal edge is near cover tire, and when blowing out, T shape inner support has been propped up cover tire.Also can clamping plate be installed in the tire both sides, replace the protective action of blowing out of steel ring.Clamping plate are fixed in the tire one or both sides, clamping or encase the over half of cover tire side height, and ground clearance can be below 5 centimetres, more than 0.5 centimetre.Work the protective action of blowing out.Clamping plate also can be round frame shape, mesh is tabular.Clamping plate also can be positioned on the known tire and play same purpose.Unpowered vehicle can be without this structure.

Conclude 2,3, it is characterized in that cavity is arranged on the steel ring, the degree of depth of cavity surpasses the carcass line of centers of the inner tube of a tyre, and its degree of depth is enough to encase half of inner tube of a tyre volume.Or the bowl volume of steel ring surpasses the tire total volume half; Or have at least one side steel ring to encase the over half of cover tire side height; Or have on the tire and encase the above plate object of cover tire side mid-height; This structure is applicable to that also known tyre is explosion-proof.Or the cavity volume of cover tire is less than the tire total volume half; Or cover tire is not with cavity, promptly do not have volume; As tabular cover tire, indent formula cover tire.Or the periphery of steel ring from the periphery of cover tire below 5 centimetres, more than 0.5 centimetre, promptly the diameter of steel ring is littler 1 to 10 centimetre than the diameter of cover tire.Showing when being located in that i.e. steel ring ground clearance can be below 5 centimetres, more than 0.5 centimetre.Liftoff very near.Or inner support arranged in the tyre cavity; Or inner support connects with cover tire or/and steel ring.Inner support can be stile shape, T shape, bag shape, spherical, column, ring-type, but radial loop in tire, or axial array is in tire, or irregular layout.One or more inner supports can be arranged.The inner support that has can replace the interior charges of tire to play the carrying effect, as gas filed bag shape, spherical inner support.Also can play the carrying effect jointly with the tire inner stuffing.Inner support can connect with steel ring is movable, and close cover tire bottom surface can be divided into two parts or many parts, can be divided into a plurality of bags of shapes, spherical, column or multi-turn ring-type.Inner support can by materials such as metal, plastics, foam, rubber separately or combination make.Clamping plate can replace steel ring to form cavity.

4, plastics tyre.It is characterized in that the inner tube of a tyre makes with plastic film, plastic film can be that thickness is at the plastic sheeting below 1 millimeter.The plastics of available soft plastic, good springiness.Its job operation can be formed by connecting with plastic sheeting.Available one or an above slice plastic symphysis connect and form.Also available plastic film tape spiral is formed by connecting.Can make very long plastic film pipe racks earlier, on pipe racks, get length mark, block connecting into the inner tube of a tyre then.Method of attachment can stick with glue, heat seal etc.Plastic film can be combined in the rubbery cover tyre inwall.Cover tire is made of plastic, or makes with plastics, building rubber compound; Or make with composite material.Or the plastics cover tire has the rubber top layer.Rubber top layer and the bonding or flush fit of plastics cover tire satisfy the needs of tire function.For increasing the earth-grasping force on cover tire surface, can select suitable synthetic plastics or composite material for use.Can have between plastics cover tire and the top layer and connect concavo-convexly, connect concavo-convex gear-like, zig-zag, the corrugated of being.The steel ring of tire also available highstrenghtpiston make.Or plastics and melts combine are made.Plastics have better sealing property than rubber, and have certain elasticity.Replace rubber to make tire with plastics, have good seal performance, in light weight, rust protection, specious, characteristics such as cost is low.The normal pressure volume of the inner tube of a tyre can be greater than the volume of tire; Be the skin area of the normal pressure skin area of the inner tube of a tyre greater than tyre cavity.Normal pressure refers to equate with bar pressure.Be that the tire external and internal pressure equates.Inflation or when filling other weighting materials, the inner tube of a tyre is not subjected to tension force, inflates formed tension force and is at first accepted and be limited in by cover tire within the volume of cover tire.The inner tube of a tyre is not owing to bear tension force, or it is very little to bear tension force, and the one, can not burst, the 2nd, can not reduce sealing property because being subjected to the tension force effect.The plastics inner tube of a tyre, rubber inner tube be structure like this all.Owing to can not leak, so tire can not wanted valve, primary filling, or filling in advance use throughout one's life.The plastics cover tire can have the rubber top layer, resembles to cover tire and has worn footwear, and is conveniently replaced.Cover tire and top layer useful binders bond together.Also movable connection tightens up by the tension force after the filling.Plastic film can be attached to the rubbery cover tyre inwall, replace the inner tube of a tyre.The engaging structure that can have different shape between cover tire and the top layer helps between the two fastening.The present invention makes Tire ﹠ Tube with transparent material, to increase aesthetic feeling, the convenient detection.As the plastic, transparent Tire ﹠ Tube.

5, flat cover tire.It is characterized in that the cover tire intracavity section is square or the axial straight or inwardly protruding in the bottom surface of inner chamber; Or the cover tire outside face is axially straight or recessed inwards; The inner tube of a tyre has and the corresponding outer shape of cover tire inner chamber.The normal pressure volume of the inner tube of a tyre can be greater than the volume of tire; Or the cover tire periphery under the pressure state is axial flat.The circumference of the tire during the tire of said structure helps keeping moving does not change diameter, and promptly tire the radius that is located in and do not shortened the raising efficiency.The bottom surface of square cavities or inner chamber is straight structure axially, cover tire be located in to obtain well strong tire internal pressure support, makes it to keep radius constant.The known circular cover tire and the inner tube of a tyre make the cover tire periphery of pressurized be axially circular-arc, are unfavorable for keeping the diameter of tire constant.Flat cover tire also can be tabular, and promptly the circumference circle of cover tire is inside and outside parallel tabular, does not have dual side-edge.

6, establish the tension band between the Tire ﹠ Tube.The tension force of known tyre is almost born by cover tire entirely, so cover tire must have higher resistance to tension.Such one is the cost height, the 2nd, influence the various performances of tire.Be difficult to improve as resistance to tension, cause the tire volume to increase.The present invention is provided with the tension band between Tire ﹠ Tube, partly or entirely bear the tension force that load or tire inner stuffing are produced.The suffered tension force of cover tire is reduced greatly.This is the service life that helps improving cover tire.The 2nd, strengthen the loading of tire ability.The 3rd, reduce the cost of changing cover tire.The available plastics of tension band, rubber, metal or synthetic material are separately or in conjunction with making.Can be made into that gummed is banded, metal gauze is banded, knit the tape shape.Available multiple material is in conjunction with making.Can be circular, flat ribbon.The tension band can have soft top layer.Rubbery cover tyre can be bonded on the tension band, takes off after damaging to renew.

7, priming device. a kind of tire priming device, it with Floor Pump or/and air pump or/and water pump or/and hydraulic giant or/and syringe or/and mud pump is an agent set, is characterized in that having fluid storage tank and spout hydraulic pipe or/and one-way cock.Because gas, liquid have same fluid property, thus can be directly with fluid storage tank and liquid outlet on the known gas filled device band as priming device of the present invention.Known filling device, mud pump all can so be reequiped and be made.

8, advantage of the present invention: the one, hydroflated tire or to fill the tire load performance of other materials good.Also help and reduce tire volume, expendable weight.The 2nd, safety, explosion-proof performance strengthen.The 3rd, efficient, improve tire and kept the ability of full circle motion, help energy-conservation.Four are to use conveniently, as exempt from aerification function, the clamping plate steel ring is convenient to installation, dismounting etc.The 5th, cost-cutting.Safety, efficiently itself just reduced cost, added structural simplification, cost is reduced.Advantage of the present invention also has explanation in conjunction with related content in each chapters and sections.

Four, description of drawings and embodiment: further specify the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments.

Fig. 1, the 2nd, the comprehensive scheme drawing of fluid injection tire construction of the present invention

Fig. 3 is a clamping plate tire scheme drawing

Fig. 4, the 5th, T shape inner support constructional drawing

Fig. 6 is the tire cross-section cut-away view after the installation T shape inner support

Fig. 7 is the liquid tire cross section cut-away view of no sub-port structure

Fig. 8 is the partial cutaway diagrammatic sketch that the plastics cover tire combines with rubber top layer dentation

Fig. 9,10 is respectively the tire cross-section cut-away view of marsupial shape, spherical inner support

Figure 11 is a foam inner support tire cross-section cut-away view

Figure 12 is the tire cross-section cut-away view of anti-sub-port structure, cover tire band concave surface

Figure 13 is the totally-enclosed tire cross-section cut-away view of no valve

Figure 14 is the half-blank scheme drawing that the plastic film inner tube of a tyre or foam inner support are processed with spiral method.

Figure 15, the 16th, the half-blank scheme drawing that the plastic film inner tube of a tyre is processed with spiral method.

Figure 17, the 18th, the half-blank scheme drawing that the plastic film inner tube of a tyre is processed with the doubling method.

Figure 19-24 is scheme drawings of three kinds of clamp regions and application.

Figure 25, the 26th, annular arrangement tire tension band structure scheme drawing.

Figure 27, the 28th, plastic film inner tube of a tyre finished product structural representation.

Figure 29 is a vertical bar shape inner tube of a tyre scheme drawing.

The cut-away view of Fig. 1 is radially to have cut 1/4 of tire, and promptly cuing open of an angle of 90 degrees shown.Be equivalent to the A-A part of Fig. 2 when complete.Rubbery cover tyre 1 snaps together by known rim of the mouth with steel ring 2, plastic film 3 is arranged in conjunction with on it on the cover tire inwall, and the two has combination interface.There is not the known inner tube of a tyre.On the tire circumference face be located in 4, be axial straightened condition.And be located in the part that the finger wheel tire contacts with ground.The periphery of tire all may become and is being located in, and the tire in the motion is continuously changing and is located in.The 5th, tread.Tire steel basin 6 connects with steel ring 2.The steel basin promptly connects the parts of steel ring and center shaft.Steel ring promptly connects the parts of steel basin and cover tire.Steel basin, steel ring also can be integrated, and become one.The dual-side of cover tire 1 is very short, and its cavity volume is very little, accounts for below 1/5 of tire total volume.Cover tire 1 also can be tabular, does not have volume fully.Steel ring 2 volumes are very big, account for the over half of tire total volume, and the periphery of steel ring 2 is overhead very near, below 5 centimetres.Fig. 2 is the axial centre cut-away view of tire, is equivalent to the B-B line of Fig. 1 when complete and cuts open and show.Liquid 7 is full of space in the tire.Liquid 7 is semifluid also, or mud, slurry oil, or similar jelly, the glued object of toothpaste, paste object.It is big, in light weight to be mixed with volume in the liquid 7, i.e. the little solid of proportion.Also inner support can be arranged.If tire and is located in 4 recessedly, certainly will shorten tire and the radius that is located in, i.e. the height of h, and tire and is located in the fwd tire radius and does not shorten, and increases to some extent on the contrary.Like this, the resistance of tire motion is just big.And if that tire is keeping being located in radius is constant, it is unsettled that then tire the front that is located in, and very helping tire does the scroll actions that leans forward, and produces the effect of energy efficiency.Air-inflation tyre is because self drawback, often be located in recessedly, radius shortens, thereby the waste energy is obstructed in motion.The present invention does charges in the tire with liquid, slurry or lotion, do leakproofing material in the tire with the plastics that leak tightness is stronger than rubber, keep tire being located in axially straight, tire be located in radius not shorten with flat Tire ﹠ Tube, make tire keep good rolling condition, energy efficiency.Also can be in known tire full of liquid or semifluid, directly use the present invention.The cover tire inner chamber is square, and its inner chamber bottom surface is axial flat, and is parallel to the ground.This helps the tire axial increase area that lands, the pressure that is reducing to be located in.The area that lands of Zeng Jiaing is an axial line like this, can increase load-carrying capacity, can not increase rolling resistance again.People often come dispersive pressure with the way that increases tire quantity, are as a same reason therewith.Plastic film 3 can change the plastic film inner tube of a tyre into, and its shape can match with the square chamber of cover tire.The thickness of plastic film is below 1 millimeter.The volume of the comparable tire of normal pressure volume of the inner tube of a tyre is big, and like this, the tension force of charges just can not support the bad inner tube of a tyre, is not subjected to the inner tube of a tyre material of tension force stretching, and sealing property can be better.Steel ring 2 overhead can be selected in below 5 centimetres, and is few more good more.When blowing out, the diameter of tyres change is few, and the deflection force of generation is little, and the driver can control the tire direction.The present invention is applicable to all tire.Steel ring 2 terrain clearances also can be decided according to needing greater than 5 centimetres.

Fig. 3, clamping plate 8 are used bolt, on one side clamping plate can be installed, from both sides cover tire are clamped.The effect of clamping plate is to replace steel ring, forms the chamber of protection cover tire, the one, radial deformation is little when making tyre load, promptly be located in radius and do not shorten.The 2nd, ground connection when blowing out is played safety effect.Can be clamping plate on one side, another side be a steel ring, as Figure 11, helps installation, the dismounting of inside and outside tire on steel ring like this.The 3rd, Tire ﹠ Tube is shielded; Avoid external damage.On the clamping plate, all can have reinforced rib and decorative layer, overplate on the steel ring.Clamping plate can be fixed on the tire with bolt or clamp, are convenient to loading, unloading.Clamping plate 8 are than the little 1-10 of diameter centimetre of cover tire 1.Also can on known tyre, pacify clamping plate specially, work the protective action after blowing out.

Fig. 4,5,6, the main effect of T shape inner support 9 is runflat.It is divided into two.Made by perpendicular, horizontal two plates, riser 903 is stuck on steel Figure 20 1, and transverse slat 902 is parallel to the inner peripheral surface of cover tire 101, also has outer ring 901,901 fixations in outer ring, with two inner support hoops together.Also play protective action, the middle incised wound cover tire that travels after preventing to blow out.It is circular that the outer ring is, and is harmonious with the inner support cylindrical.Outer ring 901 can be made with rubber, plastics, fabric.When blowing out, vertical edge is passing to steel ring 201 from ground-surface power.The transverse slat area is big, on cover glue or mould, easy damaged cover tire not.Just often, inner support 9 does not stress, and does not play a supportive role yet.Be stuck on the steel ring with tire motion.Outer ring 901 encases inner support 9, is fixed on the steel ring 201.Also connection holes 10 can be arranged on the riser 903, in order to two inner supports are connected on the steel ring with clamp.Put into inner support 9 in the known tyre, but during runflat to lose control of one's vehicle.Among Fig. 6, cover tire 101 is flat cover tires, and its outer circumference surface is parallel with the inner chamber periphery, makes cover tire can keep outer circumference surface axially straight when stressed.Its square cavities can provide the internal force support to straight for the cover tire retainer shaft.Liquid 7 is full of space in the tire.Fig. 4 is two scheme drawings that T shape inner support lumps together.

Fig. 7, a stile of steel ring 202 is made of clamping plate 8, and steel ring 202 encases the plastic film inner tube of a tyre 301.The cross sectional shape of the plastic film inner tube of a tyre is square.Also can rounded, polygon, decide according to needing.Do not have the rim of the mouth between rubbery cover tyre 11 and the steel ring 202, removed known sub-port structure, be convenient to processing, cost-cutting.Because the incompressible performance of liquid and fluid evenly transmit the characteristic of pressure everywhere to container, make no rim of the mouth cover tire 11 can be fixed on steel Figure 20 2, finish the tire function.The plastic film inner tube of a tyre is square, in liquid 7 is arranged.The normal pressure volume of the plastic film inner tube of a tyre 301 can be greater than the volume of tyre cavity, and when charges in the tire produced pressure, the volume of the inner tube of a tyre was also unexhausted, just has been full of tyre cavity, and pressure has been accepted by tyre cavity, and the inner tube of a tyre is not subjected to

Power or institute Power is very little.Around the plastic film inner tube of a tyre mat can be arranged, avoid wearing and tearing with the protection inner tube of a tyre.Mat available metal, plastics, rubber, fabric are made.The structure of mat is corresponding with the profile of the inner tube of a tyre.Steel ring 202 can be with multiple reinforced rib, but also rolling, wiredrawn edge make the not stressed and distortion of reason or open of its oral area edge.The inner tube of a tyre 301 can be divided into two or more, is convenient to install and repair, and also can play the inner support effect when blowing out.Because of not exploding simultaneously by a plurality of inner tubes of a tyre, after the blast, other meeting is filled over rapidly, makes diameter of tyres not produce big shortening, and prevents accident.The charges of interior tyre cavity also can be paste, gum forming compounds, and machine-shaping is in advance put steel ring into and got final product during use.Charges can be atmospheric pressure state in the tire.Cover tire 11 wraps in the tire periphery by self elasticity and intensity, with tensile layer 302 closed contacts, and has part to enter steel ring 202.Rim of the mouth of the present invention is the cover tire of tire and the mutual fastening structure of steel ring binding site.Tensile layer 302 encases the inner tube of a tyre with cover tire between Tire ﹠ Tube, the pressure of weighting material in the opposing inner tube of a tyre.Tensile layer useful binders and cover tire are bonded together, the tensile layer of tearing when changing cover tire, and tensile layer is reusable.Tensile layer can be by materials such as metal, plastics, rubber, fabrics separately or be mixed and made into, and the known technology of available manufacturing power belt is made tensile layer.Cover tire 11 is the parallel tabular in two sides, and safety does not have inner chamber, periphery to have tread 5.

Fig. 8, there is respective saw teeth shape structure on plastics cover tire 12 and rubber top layer 111, after the tire pressurising, the rubber top layer are connected on the plastics cover tire securely.As not sticking with glue, be easy to after the release rubber top layer is loaded onto or unloaded on the plastics cover tire, be convenient to change.Plastics cover tire 12 also can change tensile layer into.Plastics cover tire 12 can not have rubber top layer 111 yet, directly makes cover tire with plastics or synthetic material.

Fig. 9,10, in fact bag shape inner support 13, spherical inner support 14 are equivalent to inner tube of a tyre effect.Owing to be divided into several, can not exploded simultaneously, so when blowing out, can play the inner support effect again.Bag shape inner support is pocket-like.Spherical inner support is spherical, just can be a kind of spherical inner support as table tennis.In the tire chamber, can place arbitrarily.The elasticity of outer tire is squeezed in tyre cavity, plays carrying and runflat effect simultaneously.Also banded, nodular inner support are radially twined, are laid in the tire chamber, and the inner tube of a tyre, inner support dual-use function can be arranged equally.Charges in the inner support can be liquid or/and solid or/and gas or their composite, cmpd.Also vacuum.Bag shape inner support in the tire can have one or more, can be radially or axial array.All only the drawn part-structure truncation surface cut-away view of tire of Fig. 6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13, a cross section of an expression intercepting tire part, other parts are not represented.Inner support can play the carrying effect separately, also can play the carrying effect jointly with other weighting materials.As add a plurality of spherical inner supports 14 in liquid filler material, this can alleviate the weight of tire.Inflation body in the spherical inner support, spherical shell has certain intensity, is difficult for breaking, can pressure-bearing.In Fig. 9,10 the tire, all can add liquid, play the carrying effect jointly with bag shape inner support 13, spherical inner support 14.Among Fig. 9, plastics cover tire 12 peripheries are surrounded by rubber top layer 111.The rubber top layer in tire after the pressurising, can only depend on self elastic force and the plastics cover tire or/and steel ring is fixedly connected, after the pressure release, can conveniently take off again, be convenient for changing.Among Figure 10, plastics cover tire 12 is not with the rubber top layer, for obtaining good earth-grasping force, need select suitable plastic for use.

Figure 11, foam inner support 15 is contained in the steel ring 203, and has rubber top layer 111.This tire is particularly useful for the underloading car, as bicycle, motor bike.When traction engine and road conditions difference, generally need not flat cover tire, and with the cover tire that has short side, as the structure of the cover tire 1 of Fig. 1.One edge-on limit of steel ring 203 is made of clamping plate 8.Clamping plate 8 can unload or load onto with Bolt Connection on steel ring from tire, and foam inner support and the cover tire be convenient to after the moulding of whole circle are installed on the steel ring.The foam inner support has the inner tube of a tyre and inner support double action simultaneously, so also be the foam inner tube of a tyre.The foam inner tube of a tyre and rubber top layer can be bonded or press together by the elastic force on rubber top layer.The combination interface that the cover tire and the inner tube of a tyre are arranged on the cross section.The foam inner support can be divided into polylith.The foam inner support can be done charges in the tire jointly with liquid.The foam inner tube of a tyre also can be strip, one section appropriate length of intercepting, in the groove of steel ring circumference.The joint can be bonding.The cover tire of known bicycle, rickshaw, motor cycle tire, its cross sectional shape is circular arc, and it is constant to be unfavorable for keeping being located in radius.Cover tire cross sectional shape of the present invention is square, and helps keeping being located in radius and does not shorten.

Figure 12, rubbery cover tyre 102 and steel ring 204 have the reverse rim of the mouth opposite with known technology.Because the squeese pressure of tire inner fluid and the engaging structure in rim of the mouth, fluid can not spill.Cover tire 102 can not become flexible or come off yet.Also the inner tube of a tyre or inner support can be arranged in the steel ring 204.Cover tire 102 outside faces are recessed in tire, such purpose be for retainer shaft to the straight line kiss the earth, the cover tire outside face origin of force radius after the load is not shortened, with force-saving synergistic.Inwardly recessedly be similar to the prestress effect, bigger, inwardly recessed in advance than the degree of the outside protrusion of dual-side after the cover tire middle part is stressed, the compensation parts of protruding form prestress more, with after keeping load stressed be located in radius and do not shorten.Also can reach the prestress effect by thickening cover tire middle part.Anti-rim of the mouth cover tire can adapt to abominable road conditions, also can increase the area that lands under the same terms to greatest extent on axial straight line.

Figure 13, steel ring 205 encases part cover tire 111, and cover tire 111 is made of separately the rubber top layer.Charges 16 are fraction or paste or the slurries that are combined into by powdery, granular solids thing in the tire.Charges can be entered in the tire by known valve, with water pump or mud pump pressurization.Cover tire 111 internal layers have plastic film 303.The also available plastic film inner tube of a tyre 301.

The half-blank 17 of Figure 14, the plastic film inner tube of a tyre is tubular band shape, and helical coil together.The inner tube of a tyre with plastic film processing can be processed into very long tubular band earlier, and as figure with tubular band coiled coil together, make mark 18 on it, mark the length of an inner tube of a tyre, intercept by mark 18 then, two firstly connect, set up valve, the plastic film inner tube of a tyre.Also joint not, only with sealing two ends, the plastic film inner tube of a tyre.The joint can press together naturally during use.Cover tire also can similar this method be processed, and processes long band earlier, one section of back intercepting, joint.Equally, the foam inner support also can be similar this method processing, just the method for joint may be different, also joint is not directly put the tire chamber into and is used, depended on pressure nature joint.The half-blank 17 of the plastic film inner tube of a tyre also can be made into the vertical bar tubulose.

Figure 15,16, plastic film are flat ribbon earlier, and be very long, and it by the bonding or heat seal of helix, is formed pipe racks 19, also can make length mark thereon, and after press mark and intercepting, two first connecing are set up valve, the plastic film inner tube of a tyre.Figure 16 is the left view of Figure 15.Also available transparent material is made inside and outside tire, goes back colored inside and outside tire, as transparent plastic material, colored plastic etc.

Figure 17,18, valve with two first connecing, is set up again to being connected into pipe racks 21 in flat ribbon plastic film 20 both sides, the plastic film inner tube of a tyre.The 22nd, the doubling seam.Also seam not, joint not, uneasy valve does not seal, and directly plastic film is spread cloth in the tire chamber, and seam, joint overlap, stacked, because the tire internal pressure will overlap position densification reality, can not leak.Can have only an induction opening on the plastic film inner tube of a tyre, aim at the valve that is positioned on the steel ring, enter thus in order to charges.

Figure 19,20,21, clamping plate 23 are plate-like, and middle recess is used for connecting, and periphery is used to form the tire chamber.Figure 20 is the left view with 19.Figure 21, two clamping plate 23 are combined relatively, and bolt together constitutes tyre framework 24, replaces steel ring and steel basin.Tire ﹠ Tube is contained in the groove of two clamping plate formation, and the middle center of circle can connect axle.Tighten clamping plate, but the inside and outside tire of jam-packed can make fluid pressure rising in the tire, is convenient to install, operation.

Figure 22, dark basin clamping plate 25 have darker dish body 26, and this dark basin clamping plate combine with tabular clamping plate 8, form tyre framework, replace steel ring and steel basin.The diameter of clamping plate 8 can be greater than or less than the diameter of clamping plate 25, and the clamping plate that diameter is big play the runflat effect, and ground clearance is about 5 centimetres.

Figure 23,24, circle frame shape clamping plate 27 connect outer ring and blowout patche by spoke 28.This clamping plate are fit to be installed on the known tire, work the protective action of blowing out.All clamping plate, steel basin, steel ring all can be made of plastics.Figure 24 is 23 left view.Clamping plate can have the trim board effect simultaneously.

Figure 25,26, tension band 29 is circular, and Figure 26 is the left view of Figure 25.Available known power belt material and processes tension band.Tension band inwall can have plastic film or coating, replaces the inner tube of a tyre.The tension band can combine with inside and outside tire.The tension band can be nonelastic or less elasticity is arranged.Tension Flexibility is arranged, and tension band cross section is tabular.Or match with inside and outside the form of the foetus shape.

Figure 27,28, the plastic film inner tube of a tyre 30 is the same with known inner tube of a tyre outward appearance, has valve 31.Figure 28 is the left view of Figure 27.Can not have valve yet, a hole is only arranged, enter usefulness for charges.Bicycle can be positioned on valve on the steel ring, and the admission port of valve inserts in the plastic film inner tube of a tyre, gets final product.The plastic film inner tube of a tyre forms closed state at the admission port depended on pressure, and the admission port jam-packed with valve can not leak charges.The also available compression molding time processing of plastic film inner tube of a tyre finished product.

Figure 29, the vertical bar tubulose inner tube of a tyre 32 can be made with plastic film or rubber, closed at both ends, on induction opening 33 is arranged.The circle expression cross sectional shape of figure top is rounded.The vertical bar tubulose inner tube of a tyre 32 forms joint naturally behind the adding charges in the tire chamber.

Claims

1. tire, the diameter that it is characterized in that the wheel steel ring is than the little 1-10 of diameter centimetre of cover tire;

Or, it is characterized in that having explosion protection, explosion protection is discoideus or circle frame shape or circular, is fixed in the outer or cover tire of tire.

2. tire according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the inner tube of a tyre, and the inner tube of a tyre is made by expanded material, and the inner tube of a tyre is apneustic cylindrical annular, or is the cylindrical annular that joint is arranged.

3. tire according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weighting material in the tire is a foam.

4. tire according to claim 1 is characterized in that cover tire has surrounding layer, can have corresponding dentation, concavo-convex draw bail between surrounding layer and the cover tire.

5. tire according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the inner tube of a tyre, and the inner tube of a tyre is made by plastic film, and the thickness of plastic film is in 1 millimeter.

6. tire according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the inner tube of a tyre, and the profile of the inner tube of a tyre and tyre cavity shape match, and the normal pressure volume of the inner tube of a tyre is greater than the volume of tyre cavity; Or the diameter of section of the inner tube of a tyre is greater than the diameter of section of cover tire inner chamber; Or the inner tube of a tyre is plastic film or the coating that depends on or be combined in cover tire inwall or tensile layer inwall; Or the inner tube of a tyre and cover tire combine, and the combination interface of the cover tire and the inner tube of a tyre is arranged on the cross section.

7. tire according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bowl volume of steel ring surpasses 1/2 of tire total volume; Or the cavity volume of cover tire is less than 1/2 of tire total volume; Or have at least on one side steel ring or clamping plate encase on the cover tire side mid-height to form cavity.

8. tire according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising inner support (9,13,14,15,16,301), inner support can be T shape, bag shape, spherical, column, ring-type, be looped around in the tire, inner support can connect with steel ring is movable, near the cover tire bottom surface, or inner support with cover tire or/and steel ring connects one, inner support can be divided into two parts or many parts; A plurality of bags of shapes, spherical, column inner support can be arranged; Inner support can by materials such as metal, plastics, foam, rubber separately or combination make.

9. tire as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising cover tire, and the cover tire intracavity section is square or the bottom surface of inner chamber is axially straight or projection inwards; Or the cover tire outside face is axially straight or recessed inwards; The inner tube of a tyre has and the corresponding outer shape of cover tire inner chamber; Or the cover tire outside face under the pressure state is axial straightened condition.

10. tire as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that comprising steel ring, no rim of the mouth or have anti-sub-port structure on the steel ring.