CN1448027A - Capacity scaling and functional element redistribution within in-building coax cable internet access system - Google Patents
Capacity scaling and functional element redistribution within in-building coax cable internet access system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1448027A CN1448027A CN01814451A CN01814451A CN1448027A CN 1448027 A CN1448027 A CN 1448027A CN 01814451 A CN01814451 A CN 01814451A CN 01814451 A CN01814451 A CN 01814451A CN 1448027 A CN1448027 A CN 1448027A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/2801—Broadband local area networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/10—Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
- H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/21—Server components or server architectures
- H04N21/214—Specialised server platform, e.g. server located in an airplane, hotel, hospital
- H04N21/2143—Specialised server platform, e.g. server located in an airplane, hotel, hospital located in a single building, e.g. hotel, hospital or museum
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
- H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
- H04N21/4622—Retrieving content or additional data from different sources, e.g. from a broadcast channel and the Internet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/47—End-user applications
- H04N21/478—Supplemental services, e.g. displaying phone caller identification, shopping application
- H04N21/4782—Web browsing, e.g. WebTV
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6118—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
- H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
- H04N21/6168—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving cable transmission, e.g. using a cable modem
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/10—Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable
- H04N7/106—Adaptations for transmission by electrical cable for domestic distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
- H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
Abstract
A set of system configurations adapted to provide data communications to and from a set of client modems (408) connected to one or more central modems through one or more tree and branch networks (320, 321, 322) such as found in buildings, hotels, multiple dwelling units and the like to distribute cable television signals to individual rooms. The set of one or more central modems is connected directly or indirectly to one or more networks such as the Internet. Optionally, some components of this system can be placed at the cable television head-end 100 for ease of access for maintenance.
Description
The application requires in the pending trial U.S. Provisional Application No.60/226 of submission on August 21st, 2000,505 priority.
The application is based upon the U.S. Patent application No.09/818 of pending trial, on the conceptual foundation described in 378, the U.S. Provisional Application No.60/193 that it was submitted to based on March 30th, 2000,855, " structure and the method that are used for the automatic distribution gain controlling of modem communication ".
Also based on the U.S. Patent application No.09/482 of pending trial, on the basis of 836 described notions, it is based on the U.S. Provisional Application preface No.60/115 of submission on January 13rd, 1999,646, " being used for the high-speed data communication on the local coaxial cable " in this application.
For the reader is convenient, the applicant has added many topic headings, so that make the internal structure of this specification clearer, and the position of determining some discussion easily.The title of these themes only is an instrument easily, is in no way limited in the literal of setting up in the special subject.In order to improve the clearness of description, use the technique known term for some elements.In invention disclosed, the use to the special art term of element that is suitable for realizing some purpose should be interpreted as comprising and all impel the technical equivalences term of finishing same purpose, specifies the built-in function of element also to be to use the replacement element of same principle no matter be.For providing clearness to utilize this particularity should not be misinterpreted as the limited field of the disclosure to designated components, unless this restriction be in specification or below claim in clearly demonstrate.
Background technology
Needs to high-speed Internet access (HSIA) are encouraging telecommunications industry, and such dynamics are seldom arranged in the past.When the network in cable and telephone industry location their futures, ever-changing technology has made in advance that to invest in new transfer system cost excessive risk big.
Transmit for Internet service among the MDU (many housing units), current maximum method is to use " data are on speech " structure of telephone wire.This method is the optionally disconnection of sign and every pair of telephone wire usually, and the center-side that modem feature need be inserted into telephone loop.This plug-type installation is costliness but also time-consuming not only.The right user side of telephone wire needs second modulator-demodulator so that be connected to user's PC (PC) or in-house network.Because the MDU telephone wire is compared with outside run, have cross-talk performance between abominable line, and disturbed by considerable electric invasion, so data are inserted into the interior telephone loop of building usually so that guarantee suitable performance.The high-frequency loss of longer telephone loop has limited the potential transmitted in both directions speed of longer telephone loop widely between main exchange and MDU.
Use cheap wireless data transmission work effect fine, it enriches apart from short and frequency spectrum.Yet densely populated MDU is not this situation usually.
Present wireline environment
The cable modem Internet service has substantially exceeded 1,000,000 families now, and because superior speed, it has become very welcome.Yet, because the complexity of TV coaxial wire and irregular topology structure and shared limited used upstream bandwidth, so in MDU, promote the cable modem services existing problems.In addition, invasion noise spot in the MDU standard coaxial cable distribution and local wiring all are difficult to the location and are difficult to especially isolate.The bi-directional service that may cause in MDU all users is disturbed in this invasion, and the failure of potential other user uplink data stream of MDU on hybrid fiber cable (HFC) network.
Cable modem and telephone loop data modem unit all are to utilize Ethernet 10baseT circuit and PC interface usually.This need install network interface unit (NIC) and configuration PC network software at each PC.Because common user is technical usually not to be very skilled, finish so install and dispose frequent supplier by cable or telephone network.This shows, often be that the network provider is to blame to problem in the PC with regard to becoming potentially when fault and network provider's work when it doesn't matter.Though this problem can alleviate by utilizing USB (general serial bus standard) interface in some cases, most of PC all is not equipped with USB interface.In the environment of hotel/motel, the user does not need networking usually between themselves, and they rent a room or get back to their family or during office, the user seldom is good at or is ready to reconfigure their PC at every turn.
The coaxial cable compartment system of in MDU, hotel, hospital and campus facility, setting up for example, can serve by the operator of cable, satellite or radio network, this cable distribution system is utilized splitter usually and/or is had the tap of setting or the long relatively coaxial cable of coupling is configured to passive " tree and branch " type system, to provide service to apartment or room.This passive distribution formula layout usually satisfies 30 to 100 rooms or apartments, and so arranges so that present television signal level to each apartment or hotel room typically in the 10dB scope.These coaxial cable distribution systems generally have the loss (under the frequency of general MDU TV operation) of 15dB to the 45dB scope, and present from centralized unidirectional broadband television channel amplifier usually, so that guarantee to satisfy user's signal level.Bigger skyscraper MDU and hotel have many concentrated amplifiers usually, and each amplifier offers passive coaxial cable assignment subsystem and serves zone separately or each layer of skyscraper.
Opportunity
The frequency spectrum that the MDU TV service is used below 750MHz, still is used for the element of these service assignment usually, and for example coaxial cable can be used in the frequency above 1GHz.Passive splitter and coupling (being called " coupling device " jointly) though usually just use in proportion in TV band, when the firm digital signal that transmits up to 1GHz, generally insulate with port according to loss and finish fully.When being operated in these frequencies, the loss of coaxial wire per unit length is not a problem in the building, and can help to weaken echo, therefore allows to use in digital receiver very simple equalizer.
In addition, invasion is disturbed very little on the frequency of above-mentioned television channel, and be included in the unidirectional characteristic of center television channel amplifier, at least at TV downlink channel frequency and upper frequency, any invasion is disturbed and all is prevented from breaking away from MDU and disturbs the HFC cable television network.
According to these facts, there is an opportunity far and away, utilize the high-frequency frequency spectrum of distribution system in the building to set up service for coaxial cable, for example use the HSIA service of firm digital modulation technique.The frequency spectrum that is suitable for above-mentioned television channel in the building in the coaxial cable can at random be cut apart, so that two-way high-speed data is provided.Because the relative High-Field radiation of portable cell phone, the frequency that is operated in 900MHz is sane, though be not necessary condition.Utilize the splitter installed at present and coupling still to remain on 1GHz and following frequency better.The needs that the utilized frequency spectrum of 100MHz enough provides statistical 50 to 100 users or client modem that bidirection internet is inserted.Higher if desired capacity, if replace with the special splitter of higher frequency, then Fu Jia downstream spectrum can be distributed between 1GHz and 1.6GHz; Can also obtain high power capacity to moving down by frequency spectrum.This higher folk prescription to capacity can, perhaps with the form of Internet protocol (IP) or with original MPEG2 form, provide the service of additional ordering digital video by short message (VOD).For uplink, 850MHz is useful to the frequency in the 950MHz scope in best preferred embodiment.The use of this single uplink spectrum provides the enough transmittabilities and the control of simplification.
Summary of the invention
This invention disclosed is based upon on the basis of above-mentioned ' 378 and ' 836 teachings of using, and it utilizes topological structure and the characteristic that coaxial cable distributes in the building, so that HSIA is provided service.Especially, this invention disclosed is replenished above-mentioned open invention by discerning the quantity of sharing the access configuration of coaxial cable distribution the Internet, so that promote economic capacity scaling and at the reallocation that prolongs the function topology of using range, and promote in the hotel, big and little many inhabitations/charter the Internet in the environment inserts more, the applying of the economy of other data/phone and video traffic.
The objective of the invention is distribute data and give one group of local modem that is in the multidrop network end, for example coaxial cable is set and branch cable television distribution net, so that allow to be connected to the equipment of local modem and the two-way communication between the modulator-demodulator group of one or more centers, the element that existing distribution network is used is used for the distribution of cable TV signal.
Another object of the present invention is for high efficiency capacity scaling provides selection, so that the increase of one or more data type on the compensation multidrop network.
A further object of the invention is to move the selection of one or more functions to the cable front end in order to provide a kind of from the building with distribution network, so that with cost and safeguard that distance reduces to single building.
According to following detailed description, these and other advantages of the present invention will be clearer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the purpose for reference provides, and graphic extension such as U.S. unexamined patent application No.09/818,378 described fundamental systems, " structure and the method that are used for the automatic distribution gain controlling of modem communication ".
Fig. 2 is the scheme that part is simplified among Fig. 1, and the functional description element among the figure is reused in Fig. 3 to 12.
Fig. 3 shows how hub 328 is connected with three duplexers that separate (316,317 and 318) by splitter 506.These duplexers are given some passive coaxial cable distribution networks that separate (320,321 and 322) in conjunction with the output of hub 328 and the output of television channel amplifier 312 so that provide from the Internet service of single hub 328 with from community antenna television (CATV) (CATV) service of amplifier 312.
Fig. 4 shows the very large structure of a kind of capacity, and wherein the Internet backhaul service is to be provided by splitter 508 through three pairs of youngster's cable modems and hub (324/328,325/329, and 326/330).Therefore, each of three small-sized distribution networks (320,321 and 322) all has its cable modem and hub (324/328,325/329 and 326/330).
Fig. 5 shows a kind of structure, wherein, can be by utilizing router or the switch 516 that connects central server and server modem, cross central server 512 and a plurality of server modem (520,524 and 528) and divide the combination of the function of hub 328 (Fig. 1-4) realization, it can be crossed.
Fig. 6 uses the structure of a kind of Fig. 5 of being similar to, but it has the independent source of TV service and the Internet backhaul service.It is better than offering the situation of both information sources, shown in chart 1-5, provide by cable 304, among Fig. 6 from information source 532 received television signals, and through optical fiber interface 536 and Internet connection.
Fig. 7 uses the structure of a kind of Fig. 5 of being similar to, but it has the independent source of TV and the Internet backhaul service.It is better than offering the situation of both information sources, shown in Fig. 1-5, provide by cable 304, shown in Fig. 7 from information source 532 received television signals and through wave point 540 and Internet connection.
Fig. 8 graphic extension comprises the front end of coaxial cable-media server, in order to reduce cost and to safeguard distance, it from small-sized hotel or small-sized MDU system migration go out.
Fig. 9 shows a kind of serverless backup structure that can be used to connect front end shown in Figure 8.Fig. 9 uses splitter 506 as shown in Figure 3, so that utilize single center modulator-demodulator 520 to serve the laod network of some rarenesses (320,321 and 322).
A kind of structure of replacing use cable front end shown in Figure 8 of Figure 10 graphic extension utilizes router or switch that the Internet backhaul is connected with some centers modulator-demodulator.
The many cable modems of Figure 11 graphic extension (324,325 and 326) can be used to increase the capacity of backhaul.
This backhaul of Figure 12 graphic extension can be passed through realizations such as cable modem 324, optical fiber interface 536 and wave point 540.Figure 12 also this system of graphic extension can be attached to local area network (LAN) 568.
Embodiment
Structure
Fig. 1 graphic extension general structure.Fig. 1 can be subdivided into four assemblies.First assembly is cable TV (CATV) headend equipment 100.Second assembly is hybrid fiber/ coax, HFC (HFC) distribution network 200.The 3rd assembly is building coaxial cable distributor 300, it or be among the MDU or be in the simulation occasion, for example in the hotel.Last assembly is user's room devices assembly 400.Assembly 300 and 400 all comprises element of the present invention.Consistent with industry regulation, the front end of CATV and Intemet are respectively the upstream ends of cable TV and IP data among Fig. 1.Television set in the user room or computer are downstream data flows.Transmitting uplink data is transmitted to the upstream end.Downlink data transmission is transmitted to the downstream data flow end.Therefore, the assembly on data path receives the transfer of data from the downstream data flow of its upstream end, and reception is from the transfer of data of the upstream of its downstream data flow end.
The content description of each assembly is as follows.In assembly 100, cable TV signal offers HFC distribution network 200 through circuit 104.The cable TV signal source can be from the equipment of routine, and this equipment is by CATV service unit 108 expressions of a lead-in wire that is connected to coupling apparatus 106.Digital communication signal from the Internet 504 arrives router one 16 through the Internet cable joint 112, and it and Internet service management department 120 communicate.When from router one 16 to circuit 104 to descending when transferring data to HFC distribution network 200, digital communication signal is through Cable Modem Terminal System 124 and binding element device 106.What the CATV front end was selected element is described as the invention provides background, and the present invention is not construed as limiting or essential element.
In assembly 300, continue to be transferred to binding element device 308 from the input signal of HFC distribution network 200, such as directional coupler at cable 304.This binding element device 308 is connected with television channel amplifier input terminal 312.The output of television channel amplifier 312 is sent to the low pass port of duplexer 316, is sent to one group of one or more binding element device that form tree and branch distribution network 320 then, in a series of television coaxial cable socket 404 places terminating.Note, must carefully use and select duplexer, so that the working range of duplexer comprises the relevant range that is higher than cable TV channel primary frequency.
The tree and the branch network technology of cable TV signal of being suitable for distributing is that those those skilled in the art understand very much.Therefore.For fear of unnecessary confusion, shown tree and branch network 320 only have several binding element devices and stube cable, rather than a complete set of tree and branch networking component.In typical application, tree will be connected 50 or more coaxial socket 404 with branch network 320.
In assembly 400, client modem 408 is connected with duplexer 406.Duplexer 406 is connected with coaxial socket 404.Conventional television coaxial cable 412 is connected to TV 416 the low pass port of duplexer 406.Client modem 408 is connected the high pass port of duplexer 406.In follow-up figure, the name that client modem 408 is deferred to this device appointment is shown as the sea urchin shape.The user can utilize the downstream data flow device 420 that connects the user, and the suitable ports connector of PC PC for example shown in Figure 1 is connected downstream data flow device 420 with the data cable 424 of client modem 408.Though downstream data flow device 420 or may be desktop computer or may be laptop computer that it also can be some other devices that can be connected with the external source of numerical data.It is exactly an example that belongs to this device scope that PDA (personal digital assistant) is considered to.Therefore, the present invention allows to communicate between downstream data flow device 420 and the Internet 504 by being used for cable TV signal is flowed to the existing infrastructure of user's television receiver 416 basically.
In this arrangement, but the plug cable modem 324 of the single DOCSIS of following is used for satisfying the multi-user's who connects via coaxial cable distribution system in the passive building statistics needs.
User or client in system, a kind of very simple bi-directional modems interface are used for being connected to by its existing serial, parallel or USB port user's computer 420.This shows, in user's PC, do not need NIC card or network configuration.Be sent to the center RF modulator-demodulator 332 in the hub 328 on radio frequency (RF) channel of PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol) coaxial cable distribution net 320 in the building.Notice that PPP is currently preferred embodiments, but other agreement also can be used for substituting PPP.
Protocol converter 336 provides at center RF modulator-demodulator 332 and shares and follow between the cable modem 324 of DOCSIS.This protocol converter 336 is the translation data form between the IP agreement that the ethernet port of point-to-point protocol (or other agreement) that PC uses and docsis cable modulator-demodulator uses.Therefore, any IP agreement, ICP/IP protocol for example, UDP/IP agreements etc. all are to transmit or send out from it to the Internet 504 pellucidly.Special priority is applicable to the two-way communication amount that low latency needs, for example IP speech or multimedia.
Protocol converter 336 also can be used as an acting server (if desired), so that client modem and theys' PC is connected to the coaxial cable modem (for fear of confusion, what Fig. 1 showed is single coaxial cable modem) of one and several DOCSIS of following.This is related to response PPP connection request and provides the IP address to PC.The single or multiple sockets of protocol converter 336 conversion address, multiple session or the window that moving in their each PCs of unique identification are so that provide unique socket address to the server that exists in the IP network 504.
If want, many client-PCs can be arranged, from the front end service management, they are to connect via the cable modem of special use seemingly.Therefore, provide a function at front end, be exactly to collect relevant pc user's MAC and, and provide these interfaces, and managing the unique user cable modem services as the Internet front-end business management department 120 from protocol converter IP address allocated information.
The RF transmission
In single downstream data flow " passage ", an embodiment uses the bi-phase shift keying (BPSK) or quaternary PSK (QPSK) modulation of per second 15,000,000 characters, and it has centre frequency approximately is 970MHz.Design higher character rate, it can provide the clean downlink data current capacity of 30Mb/s at least.Current embodiment uses the centre frequency of 980MHz to 985MHz.As long as in this describes the frequency band of defined and be not subjected to the interference of other signal sources, just do not limit special centre frequency.
The downstream data flow signal is transmitted continuously, and form is the MPEG2/DVB structure of standard.The MPEG2 frame comprises the byte of frame synchronization (47, hexadecimal)/super frame (47 contrary, hexadecimal), 187 information bytes and 16 forward error corrections (FEC) byte---204 bytes altogether.The MPEG2 of specific reservation " group character " (PID) sign indicating number is used for showing that follow-up information byte is data rather than the digital of digital video data or the idle frame of specific type.
Because frequency spectrum former thereby use conventional synchronous scramble, and the FEC field of 16 bytes always be used or keep and use to error correction.But these structures have promoted to use identical technology such as industrial standard plug set-top box in two kinds of application of data and Digital Television.Be suitable for though frame is staggered, do not use during the passive coaxial cable distributes in the building,, and also do not need to prevent mistake because this will postpone the communication breath to latency-sensitive.
In one embodiment, the upstream data flow transmission of coaxial cable uses the radiofrequency signal of BPSK modulation 915MHz to transmit the digital stream of 15Mb/s in the building.Being transmitted in of upstream only allows sometime from a client modem, specified by the downstream data flow " poll " that is included in the down stream data transfer control envelope.Therefore, do not exist and the upstream signals from collision.The upstream signal comprises a preamble signal, and it is tilted to and rises to the level of being followed by sync byte.The client modem source address of scramble, field length are that data are followed the back at this preamble then.The length of data field depends on the needs of the up data buffer surplus of the needs of center modulator-demodulator or client modem.In downstream direction, the needs of the traffic of low latency are made special regulation.
The compensation of coaxial cable path loss
Because the topological structure that coaxial cable distributes and the variation of load are so the path loss between each client modem 408 and center RF modulator-demodulator 332 has the excursion of broad.This system is designed to bear 40dB or more loss.
Loss variation in downstream direction is compensated by automatic gain control (AGC) function that is included in each client's modem receiver.
According to the signal of the upstream data stream receiver in the modulator-demodulator of the center of arrival, upstream AGC method comprises regulates each client's modulation transmitter, so that their signal approximately equal.
Each data character group all comprises an extra order when being sent to client modem 408, its expression is from the character group of the above-mentioned transmission of client modem, and the receiver place in center RF modulator-demodulator 332 is higher than or is lower than the ideal level of needs.This bit is used to finely tune the character group level that next transmits of client modem 408, perhaps upwards transmits or transmits downwards.Therefore, the whole signals that receive by center RF modulator-demodulator 332 from each client modem become be positioned at a little up and down level and on the cycle.This is a kind of ideal situation, because compare with receiving little level variation, upstream BPSK receiver has the acceptable input reference signal of non-constant width.Such control system changes path attenuates soon reacts and is stable in essence.
Technology
One embodiment of the present of invention are used the RF and the digital technology of existing low cost, commercialization.The embodiment of some replacements comprises client's modem receiver, and it uses normally used tuner/demodulators chip assembly in satellite set top box.
An alternative embodiment requires most of functions are transferred in a pair of conventional chip; One is small-sized RF analog chip, and another is the semicustom chip that comprises digital function.The development of this technology will produce the client modem of small portable phone size, and a part and power consumption that it can become the coaxial cable parts are very little.
At present, hub 328 is that normal frame is installed by utilizing, the PC mainboard constitutes cheaply, and this PC mainboard is equipped with RF/ protocol boards 336 and one or more 10baseT network interface card 340.But this can be installed near on the wall of existing structure TV distribution amplifier 312 with the cable modem 324 of one or more plugs.Those skilled in the art should admit to exist the selection of multiple server platform, and this can be provided with under the situation of disk having or do not have.
Install
As shown in fig. 1, central apparatus only needs to add two coaxial cable binding element devices 308 and 312, and they are attached on normal cable modulator-demodulator 324 and the hub 328.Client modem is introduced between television coaxial cable container 404 and the television set 416 (if any) simply by the terminal use.Xiang Guan transformer cube (not showing among Fig. 1) is inserted into supply socket easily then, and data cable 424 inserts user's PC.Therefore the network stack formula memory configurations that does not need PC provides a kind of real plug and play high-speed internet access service.
The summary of basic structure
This system has proposed a kind of MDU or hotel high-speed Internet access method of less expensive, and it works fine in existing building on the coaxial cable.
Network components from front end, this system follows DOCSIS, meet the working method and the professional reality of existing cable modulator-demodulator, but also increase the terminal use easily, it does not need to reconfigure PC or need the ethernet network interface card be installed at user's PC.The installation of each MDU common equipment is very simply and not to need to on-site install (truck-roll) or reservation, so that provide service for each client.Really, client modem can be posted and is convenient to connect than video tape recorder (VCR).
This method has been isolated main hfc plant and the invasion of inner MDU is disturbed and improved Bandwidth Management and efficient are provided, especially at upstream or Return-ing direction.
It is through the existing parallel or USB port of PC that the Internet of multimegabit inserts, utilize simple " start-up routine " connection icon that is placed on the desktop computer, and the direct connection device of activation PC existing P PP is finished.Should " start-up routine " can load from the existing serial connector of hub 328 through PC---not to load by floppy disk or CD.
Replace structure
For the difference between outstanding aforesaid basic structure and the various replacement structure, Fig. 2 is the reduction procedure of Fig. 1 relative section.Notice that it is simple simply to show the multistage splitter of setting up in tree and branch network 320, as the single element with 50 terminal branch.In Fig. 2, coaxial cable distribution net network 320 shows the branch of mark 1,2,3,48,49 and 50.The follow-up description of coaxial cable distribution net network will only show the circuit of representing multiple terminals branch.Special numbering 50 simply is provided, and is not to constitute restriction of the present invention with the graphic extension environment.
Fig. 3 shows how hub 328 can be connected to three duplexers that separate (316,317 and 318) through splitter 506.Duplexer is connected the output of hub 328 with television channel amplifier 312, so that provide Internet service from single hub 328 for several passive coaxial cable distribution networks that separate (320,321 and 322).When subscribe percentage when low or the capacity of serving for each user maintain the low speed data rate---when having potential low rate, this is arranged to a lot of rooms or flat provides very economical distribution.Notice that using three duplexers and three passive coaxial cable distribution networks is intention in order to explain.As long as amounting to the hub 328 that uses is in the engineering restriction of hub and within the acceptable service quality of end user, this arrangement will be worked with two or more duplexer/distribution networks.Be otherwise noted that the present invention does not rely on the single television channel amplifier 312 of use.This multiplication factor can reach by the amplifier of polyphone, perhaps finishes by the amplifier of one group of parallel connection, so that is not that whole duplexers all receive the TV signal of amplifying from identical television channel amplifier.
Fig. 4 shows a structure that capacity is very high, and the ethernet signal of wherein coming in transmission is given three pairs of youngster's cable modems and hub (324/328,325/329 and 326/330) by splitter 508.Therefore, each of three small-sized networks (320,321 and 322) all has its cable modem and hub (324/328,325/329 and 326/330).Fig. 4 can be fit to the higher relatively ratio that utilizes, and for example each 50 port network has 20 users.
Be also noted that the present invention only is not limited to the structure of three pairs of youngster's cable modems and hub.Can be two or more any amounts.The structure of Fig. 4 can combine with the structure of Fig. 3, so as to allow several utilization rates low/network in poor service shares a hub, the network that other utilization rate height/service quality are high breaks away from modulator-demodulator/hub work separately simultaneously.
Fig. 5 shows a kind of structure, wherein can cross central server 512 and a plurality of server modem (520,524 and 528) and divide the comprehensive function of finishing by hub 328 (Fig. 1-4) by using the router five 16 that central server is connected with server modem.Function is allocated as follows in a preferred embodiment.Central server 512 is finished the conversion (PPPoE) of Ethernet PPP to the Ethernet, when needs, and the local value-added service function of finishing other.Special-purpose server modem (520,524 and 528) is finished and is inquired about the client modem related task and finishes except the data cached task the modulation and demodulation system.A kind of is Linksys type router BEFSR41 (the Linksys company by Irvine makes California, postcode 92614) as the acceptable equipment of router five 16 uses.Those skilled in the art can substitute with other routers or suitable switch.
The structure of Fig. 5 provides a kind of solution and permission of economy, for example, and with the local communication between the service-user that the passive coaxial cable distribution system separates.Although the illustrational system of Fig. 3 provides the local communication between the passive coaxial cable distribution network in fact, the illustrational system of Fig. 5 provides very high capacity for local communication.
Fig. 6 uses the structure of a kind of Fig. 5 of being similar to, but it has the independent source of TV and the Internet backhaul service.It is better than being offered by cable 304 shown in Fig. 1-5 situation of both information sources, and is shown in Figure 6, from information source 532 received television signals and by optical fiber interface 536 and Internet connection.
Fig. 7 uses the structure of a kind of Fig. 5 of being similar to, but it has the independent source of TV and the Internet backhaul.It is better than being offered by cable 304 shown in Fig. 1-5 situation of both information sources, and is shown in Figure 7, from information source 532 received television signals and by wave point 540 and Internet connection.
Fig. 8 graphic extension comprises the front end of coaxial cable-media server, and in order to reduce cost and to safeguard distance, it is from small-sized hotel or small-sized MDU system migration.This has special value under garden-house MDU environment, wherein each building perhaps only has about 8 flats.Everybody should be noted that the agreement that process cable modem (or other equipment) is carried out can be PPP or the Ethernet protocol on the Ethernet.This PPPoE agreement is a public standard.
Especially, Fig. 8 shows a kind of hybrid fiber/ coax, HFC cable TV (CATV) network 200 that is connected with coupling 544.A port of coupling 544 is connected with the television channel modulator group 548 that is connected to antenna 552.Another port of coupling 544 is connected with Cable Modem Terminal System (CMTS) 124.CMTS 124 is connected with the router one 16 that is connected to the Internet 504.Second parallel route between CMTS 124 and router one 16 runs through central server 512, and this server 512 is finished the conversion between the PPP on Ethernet and the Ethernet, and the value-added service function of finishing other.The CATV front end selects the description of element that background of the present invention is provided, and the present invention is not construed as limiting or essential element, still provides background for the central server position that is in the CATV front end.
Fig. 9 shows a kind of serverless backup structure that can be used in connection front end shown in Figure 8.Fig. 9 uses splitter 506 as shown in Figure 3, so that utilize single center modulator-demodulator 520 to serve the network of several load rarenesses (320,321 and 322).
The replacement structure of a kind of usefulness of Figure 10 graphic extension cable front end shown in Figure 8.Figure 10 can revise, and makes it comprise a local MPEG-2 video server (not showing), and its traffic can interweave with internet data.In one case, such application proof has very high local capacity, visits the restriction that backhaul is subjected to capacity in this case, for example the capacity that is provided by single cable modem.
The many cable modems of Figure 11 graphic extension may be used for increasing the visit backhaul capacity.Compare with Fig. 4, aggregate groups of routers 560 and 564 is positioned between one a group of cable modem (324,325 and 326) and the group switching centre modulator-demodulator (520,524 and 528).According to the router type of using, each user's communications amount can be crossed over a plurality of cable modem set, alternatively, perhaps automatically according to utilization rate, perhaps distributes special modulator-demodulator to customer group under the control that business is managed.Notice that the ratio of cable modem and center modulator-demodulator needs not be man-to-man under this structure.
The mixing that Figure 12 graphic extension visit backhaul can be passed through cable modem 324, optical fiber interface 536 and wave point 540 obtains.Those interfaces that those skilled in the art will appreciate that other also can use within the scope of the invention.For example, cable modem can substitute with one or more xDSL modulator-demodulators.This system of Figure 12 graphic extension simultaneously can be attached to local area network (LAN) 568.An example of this structure can be the structure that dormitory is used, and wherein the user need visit their laboratory in colleges and universities/intraoffice network and access internet, the perhaps video conference service of webpage entertainment service for browsing page.
The conclusion note
Those those skilled the in art will appreciate that method and apparatus of the present invention has many application, and the present invention is not limited to the specific example of enumerating in order to understand the present invention.In addition, scope of the present invention covered the change, modification of system unit described here and substituted, as known to persons skilled in the art.For example, the alternative embodiment of an open topological structure can use Ethernet or other communication protocol to communicate by letter with user's computer 420.PPP on the Ethernet (PPPoE) is current preferred agreement, but this will change in the development that is not used as existing laptop computer function.Therefore, for example element 512 can not be finished conversion from the Ethernet to PPPoE among Fig. 5, but can also finish local value-added function.
Above-mentioned accompanying drawing is used for the Premium Features element of graphic extension system layout.Which element this accompanying drawing does not plan to set forth is among the case of separation and which combination in public case.For example, the element 512,516,520,524 that shows of Fig. 5 and 528 etc. is a resolution element.These elements can be to have there is the element common bin in the case in some as card a part.
The present invention is disclosed in the scope of one or more passive distribution networks.Those those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention can be used to have the network of some active devices, by these active devices of bypass in a similar fashion, and the route of specified data transmission effectively around television channel amplifier 312.
Legal being limited in the following claim of claim scope of the present invention set forth, and expands to their legal equivalent rights of covering.
Claims (12)
1. component structure, it is at least one center modulator-demodulator and be attached between one group of client modem of coaxial cable distribution net network end in the building bidirectional data communication is provided, this distribution network is fit to the distribution cable TV signal, and this structure comprises:
A) at least one is used for amplifying the signal amplifier of TV signal in first frequency band;
B) at least one is used for transmitting the center modulator-demodulator that data are given one group of client modem, be used to receive the upstream data flow transmission from special-purpose client modem, upstream and downstream data flow transfer out in the frequency band range above present first frequency band;
C) at least one network access device, it is used for
A. flow to a network from one of at least one center modulator-demodulator transmit ascending data, the center modulator-demodulator receives the transmission data from one of client modem, and client modem receives data from the downstream data flow device of client modem, and
B. from the transmission of network downlink data receiving flow data, be used to flow to the center modulator-demodulator, this center modulator-demodulator passes on these data more successively to client modem, so that can be used by the downstream data flow device of at least one client modem;
And
D) at least one duplexer, it is used for the uplink and downlink data flow transmission between the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and at least one center modulator-demodulator and the client modem is combined.
2. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that protocol conversion between network access device and the center modulator-demodulator has been experienced in the transmission that downstream data flow is transferred at least one center modulator-demodulator from least one network access device.
3. structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that first network access device and the first center modem communication, this first center modem communication is communicated by letter with second duplexer with first duplexer, first duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with first distribution network with first group of client modem, and second duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with second distribution network with second group of client modem.
4. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that first network access device and following device communicate:
A) be connected to the first center modulator-demodulator of first duplexer, first duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with first distribution network with first group of client modem; And
B) be connected to the second center modulator-demodulator of second duplexer, second duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with second distribution network with second group of client modem.
5. structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that first network access device and second network access device are cable modems, and they are by being positioned at the line access the Internet of cable front end.
6. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that first network access device communicates by letter with central server, and this central server and following device communicate:
A) be connected to the first center modulator-demodulator of first duplexer, first duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with first distribution network with first group of client modem; And
B) be connected to the second center modulator-demodulator of second duplexer, second duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with second distribution network with second group of client modem;
To such an extent as to a central server is at least two distribution network services.
7. structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that central server is finished the conversion of agreement, to such an extent as to the downlink data flow transmission is transformed into PPP(Point-to-Point Protocol) from Internet protocol.
8. structure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, central server is settled with cable head end equipment, and be connected with this coaxial cable headend equipment, to such an extent as to the downstream data flow of coaxial cable headend equipment output comprise the cable TV channel, with the data communication and the data communication of third party's coaxial cable modem from central server at least one network access device.
9. structure according to claim 8 is characterized in that, adopts point-to-point protocol from the data communication of central server.
10. structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at least two network access devices are connected with the first router, and the first router is connected with the second router, and the second router is connected with following device:
A) be connected to the first center modulator-demodulator of first duplexer, first duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with first distribution network with first group of client modem; And
B) be connected to the second center modulator-demodulator of second duplexer, second duplexer is connected with the output of one of at least one signal amplifier and is connected with second distribution network with second group of client modem.
Second network access device is connected with second network 11. the described structure of claim 10 is characterized in that according to the present invention, and first network access device is connected with first network.
12. as the present invention illustrated described in the specification with accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22650500P | 2000-08-21 | 2000-08-21 | |
| US60/226,505 | 2000-08-21 |
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| CN1448027A true CN1448027A (en) | 2003-10-08 |
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| CN01814451A Pending CN1448027A (en) | 2000-08-21 | 2001-08-21 | Capacity scaling and functional element redistribution within in-building coax cable internet access system |
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| JP (1) | JP2004507915A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20030026350A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1448027A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001286580A1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2419571A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03001490A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002017041A2 (en) |
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| US20040015997A1 (en) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-01-22 | Ahmad Ansari | Centralized in-home unit to provide video and data to multiple locations |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5408259A (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-04-18 | Northern Telecom Limited | Data modulation arrangement for selectively distributing data |
| US5642155A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1997-06-24 | Cheng; Alexander L. | Method and apparatus for supporting two-way telecommunications on CATV networks |
| US5805591A (en) * | 1996-02-28 | 1998-09-08 | Ericsson Raynet | Subscriber network interface |
| US5935209A (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 1999-08-10 | Next Level Communications | System and method for managing fiber-to-the-curb network elements |
| US5959658A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1999-09-28 | At&T Corp | Network apparatus and method to provide compressed digital video over mini-fiber nodes |
| US6282189B1 (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 2001-08-28 | Next Level Communications, L.L.P. | Unified access platform for simultaneously delivering voice and cell-based services |
| US6151559A (en) * | 1997-06-21 | 2000-11-21 | Williams; Thomas H. | System and method for characterizing undesirable noise of a signal path within a selected frequency band |
| US6481013B1 (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2002-11-12 | Peracom Networks, Inc. | Entertainment and computer coaxial network and method of distributing signals therethrough |
| US6581208B1 (en) * | 1999-02-19 | 2003-06-17 | Masprodenkoh Kabushikikaisha | Up-converter and down-converter for in-building CATV system |
| US6418149B1 (en) * | 1999-12-07 | 2002-07-09 | Next Level Communications, L.P. | Bi-directional premises wiring system and method |
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2001
- 2001-08-21 WO PCT/US2001/026068 patent/WO2002017041A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-21 KR KR10-2003-7002601A patent/KR20030026350A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-21 JP JP2002521669A patent/JP2004507915A/en active Pending
- 2001-08-21 AU AU2001286580A patent/AU2001286580A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-21 MX MXPA03001490A patent/MXPA03001490A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-08-21 EP EP01966036A patent/EP1323012A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-21 CN CN01814451A patent/CN1448027A/en active Pending
- 2001-08-21 CA CA002419571A patent/CA2419571A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2004507915A (en) | 2004-03-11 |
| WO2002017041A2 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| EP1323012A2 (en) | 2003-07-02 |
| AU2001286580A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
| WO2002017041A9 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
| WO2002017041A3 (en) | 2002-04-25 |
| CA2419571A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| MXPA03001490A (en) | 2004-12-13 |
| KR20030026350A (en) | 2003-03-31 |
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