CN1447258A - Networked computers with no local operation system - Google Patents
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Abstract
This invention relates to a network computor of local no operation system including a main board of network computer and related foreign equipments, in which, the main board includes low power cost PCU, builtin memory and other assist chips and also includes a remote starting chip used in operation system remote loading. After the loading, one or multiple technologyies of network document systems, program loading according to the needs, distributed computing or terminal technology access documents, program or data stored on server to realize traditional PC desk function.
Description
Technical field the invention belongs to the network computer field, particularly a kind of network computer of new model.
Three phases has been experienced in the development of background technology computing machine substantially.First stage is large scale computer stage (the twentieth century sixties and the seventies).The form of this stepped reckoner is mainly based on mainframe (Mainframe).Second stage is personal computer (Personal Computer, PC) stage (twentieth century the eighties up to the nineties).The computing machine form in this stage is mainly based on personal computer.This computing machine is independent separately, and can carry out widely and use, such as word processing, electronic spreadsheet (Spreadsheet) processing etc.Three phases has been network calculations stage (twentieth century is since the nineties).The calculating in this stage is the center with the network.Multifarious variation has taken place in computing machine on form, of a great variety.It is representational that to have with Oracle company be traditional standard network computing machine (NC) that representative proposes, various thin clients, and network terminal machine, set-top box (Set-Top-Box, STB), individual digital agency (PDA), palm PC or the like.This stage is also referred to as post-PC era.
Along with the develop rapidly of hardware and software technology, the function of personal computer is also become stronger day by day.But the installation of computing machine meanwhile,, administer and maintain cost and also improve greatly.(purchase cost during PC uses only accounts for a seldom part (the last 1/5) to the total cost of ownership that proposes according to Gartner for Total Cost ofOwnership, TCO) notion, and user's operation, maintenance management and technical support have accounted for the overwhelming majority of expense.Therefore, early stage the nineties at twentieth century, along with development of internet technology, Sun has proposed the famous judgement of " network is exactly a computing machine ".Hope can be expanded the function of computing machine and reduce computer maintenance and the expense of management by network technology.Along with the development of technique of internet and WWW technology be extensive use of, the form of computing machine also develops to diversified direction, the diverse network computing machine occurred, thin client, and this has just caused the arriving of post-PC era.
Network computer the earliest (Network Computer is called for short NC) is proposed in nineteen ninety-five by the Ellison of Oracle company.Oracle company unites other four company in May, 1996 and has formulated network computer standard 1 (NetworkComputer Reference Profile 1).This is a dog-cheap network calculations client computer.NC has taked to simplify the way of PC hardware on hardware, and this locality do not have hard disk, has only an embedded OS that is solidificated in the ROM (read-only memory) on the mainboard (ROM).The software that moves above mainly is Java Virtual Machine and browser.It comes downloading-running to leave program (Java Applet) on the server in by the WWW mode.That representative is the JavaStation NC that Sun releases.It is roughly the same with PC on hardware, but simpler than PC, no hard disk, and Overall Power Consumption is lower.On software, this NC stores an embedded OS JavaOS in this machine ROM, and can support Java Virtual Machine, Internet Protocol.After this machine starts embedded OS, can visit program and the data that are stored on the application server by WWW/Java Applet.
But the application that this NC supports is considerably less, such as not supporting popular Windows to use.So this NC has finally withdrawed from market.But the notion of utilizing new technology (network technology) to reduce the total cost of ownership that it is advocated is still being extended.Present many companies have developed various thin clients on the NC basis and compatible Windows uses.
Network PC (NetPC).Network PC is a kind of scheme of the reply NC of Microsoft.Network PC is the same with PC on hardware, also has hard disk.But it is storage operating system not in this locality.After the startup, network PC downloads to operating system and application program the local hard drive from server, carries out all application then in this locality.It does not have dirigibility and the extensibility of conventional P C, but tries hard to embody the zero management thought that Microsoft proposes.This network PC can only move Windows operating system.Calculating is carried out in this locality, and server only manages work.Itself does not use any new technology network PC.But it has proposed the thought of zero management.Its configurability and managerial be that (Zero Administration forWindows ZAW) realizes by Windows zero management instrument.By the ZAW utility, network PC has significantly reduced the complicacy that administers and maintains when having the conventional desktop application.
But owing to network PC takes operating system and application program are all downloaded to local runtime, thus cause the mass data in the network to transmit through regular meeting, and can not move fatware.Network PC is the same with PC simultaneously, and the hardware configuration of itself also will constantly be upgraded as required.Therefore Microsoft has released the Windows terminal technology again and has dealt with the promise that NC also realizes reducing the total cost of ownership afterwards.
Thin client (Thin Client).Thin client is a use deriving from from a customer structure notion very widely.Thin client hardware is simpler than PC, and power consumption is lower.Do not have hard disk in this locality, a high capacity ROM (capacity is generally greater than 2,000,000) is arranged on mainboard.Embedded OS or X-Terminal protocol code have been deposited among this ROM.Thin client moves embedded OS or only moves terminal protocol, and by program and data on the terminal protocol access server.Thin client does not calculate at this machine, and application program operation and data processing all are to carry out on server, and local only being responsible for receives and display result, but can support graphical interfaces.It is a kind of development of traditional dumb terminal, also claims intelligent terminal.Because be centralized management, this mode can reduce the total cost of ownership to a certain extent.Thin client is divided into two big camps: an X-terminal terminal that is based on Unix, for example Sun Ray 1,100,150 series of Sun Microsystems; Another is based on the Windows terminal WBT of Window-terminal, as the Compaq Evo thin client T20 and the T30 of Hewlett-Packard.For expanded application, overcome traditional NC and use not enough shortcoming, the Unix terminating machine is the application of compatible Windows simultaneously generally.This be by support independent computing architecture (Independent Computing Architecture, ICA) and RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol RDP) realizes visit to the Windows application server.Also the someone thinks traditional NC, and NetPC (its hard disk has been a caching function) also is a thin client.
Windows terminating machine (Window-based Terminal is called for short WBT).It also is a kind of thin client in fact.It is based on the Windows terminal technology.After Microsoft proposed zero management thought, Citrix had proposed to support to move with terminal mode WinFrame and the Metaframe technology of Windows.This technology uses the ICA protocol technology can support a plurality of users to run on the Window NT system on the server simultaneously.Because ICA and X-Terminal protocol theory are similar, thus it can so that move non-Windows operating system (such as DOS, Unix, machine Linux) can be visited window application.Microsoft oneself had proposed the RDP agreement of protocol suite T.120 based on ITU again afterwards.The Windows terminating machine comprises a low performance CPU and local ROM.It stores a very little embedded OS (as Windows CE, embedding Linux etc.) in local ROM.Visit application program and data on Windows2000 or the Window XP (.NET) by MS RDP or Citrix ICA then.
No matter be thin client or Windows terminating machine, because the only responsible interface processing in this locality is not carried out actual calculation and data processing, so very high to the requirement of server.When operation needed a large amount of Program for Calculation, such as multimedia decoding, its terminal quantity that can bear was very limited.
Can know that from top analysis from a structural point, existing NC adopts than the simple hardware of PC, such as low power consumption CPU, no hard disk.Mainboard is provided with high capacity ROM or flash memory (Flash ROM), wherein stores embedded OS or terminal protocol code, as shown in Figure 1.Its principle of work mainly is by the WWW/Applet technology, X-terminal or other terminal technology (RDP, ICA etc.) application program and the data on the visit remote server, does not calculate this locality, only is responsible for receiving user's input and carries out graphical interfaces demonstration work.
This NC based on embedded OS and intelligent terminal technology goes up the not enough problem of using though solved traditional NC.But this NC is very big to the dependence of server.Such as the Windows terminal technology, when many client machine are moved the Streaming Media application simultaneously, on server, move owing to decode, therefore very high to the requirement of server.The NC number that common server can be supported simultaneously is very limited.Simultaneously, because operating system is to be solidificated among the ROM or Flash ROM of NC, therefore upgrading is very difficult, and extendability is poor.
Summary of the invention the present invention relies on overweight in order to solve existing NC to server, multimedia application is supported not enough, the software upgrading difficulty, the problem of poor expandability, a kind of network computer of local no operating system has been proposed, can strengthen the NC application flexibility greatly and have very strong extended capability, can support abundant desktop application.
To achieve the above object of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The present invention includes: network computer mainboard and corresponding external unit thereof, said mainboard comprises low power consumption CPU, internal memory and other companion chip, said mainboard also comprises a remote activation chip that is used for the long-range loading of operating system, after the long-range loading of operating system, utilize one or more technology accesses among the loading as required of network file system(NFS), program, Distributed Calculation or the terminal technology to leave file, program or data on the server in again, realize the desktop function of conventional P C.
Said program loads as required and is meant that network computer leaves multipad on the server in, in operational process, and the program that only loads the user as required and asked, other program still leaves on the server.When moving the application of forming by a plurality of program files, also be only subprogram file load wherein to be arrived local execution as required.
The said low power consumption CPU of the present invention can be: the general or embedded type low-power consumption CPU of dominant frequency≤800MHz.
Remote activation chip of the present invention is used for long-range load operation system or its mirror image.This remote activation chip stores the code of realizing remote boot protocols, this chip can be local an independent ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) or flash memory (Flash ROM), and this code also can directly be stored in the middle formation of said companion chip (BIOS chip) can realize remote activation function expansion BIOS chip.
Remote activation chip of the present invention uses DHCP mode or other modes to carry out the automatic or manual configuration of computing machine.
The said network file system(NFS) of the present invention can comprise NFS (Network File System), network virtual magnetic disk, internal memory virtual disk etc.; Said distributed computing technology comprises WWW, Java etc.; Said terminal technology comprises RDP, ICA, X-Terminal etc.
Principal feature of the present invention and effect:
The present invention is much simpler than common PC on hardware, utilize the CPU of low performance, low-power consumption, so Overall Power Consumption of the present invention is low, and is low to environmental requirement, is adapted at non-stop run under the rugged surroundings.
The present invention does not have capacity to surpass ROM or the Flash ROM of 2M without any local memory devices such as disks yet.
The present invention does not store any operating system (comprising universal PC operating system or embedded OS) or its mirror image at this machine (this locality).Therefore the present invention can realize under the situation of NC not being done any change that the user selects the operating system that will use, has strengthened the user greatly and has selected the dirigibility used, and had very strong extendability.
Operating system that the present invention loaded or application software upgrade only relate to the upgrading of remote activation code and the upgrading of server software.
Use user of the present invention need not carry out any configuration, plug and play.The upgrading of employed operating system of computing machine of the present invention and application software, configuration, maintenance and management all carries out on server, thereby has really realized client plug and play and zero management.
The present invention is by using technology such as network file system(NFS), program loading as required, the Internet, Distributed Calculation, realize the Distributed Calculation of NC and server, when making full use of this computer ability, can also utilize the computing power of server, greatly reduce the requirement of network computer, overcome present thin client the undue shortcoming that relies on of server to server computational power.CPU of the present invention not only is responsible for receiving user's input in this locality and graphical interfaces is handled, and also carries out actual computing, round Realization and compatible PC desktop application function.
The present invention had both had the simplification hardware of NC, can support multiple desktop application again simultaneously, had remedied the deficiency that existing NC uses.Owing to adopt server to manage concentratedly, therefore greatly reduce the total cost of ownership again.
In a word, the present invention has proposed a kind of network computer of new application model on the basis of research existing network computer utility situation and network calculations machine technology.Not only can on network computer, really realize the desktop application of PC, and really accomplished the different mainstream operation system of comprehensive compatibility (Windows, Linux).So just overcome the defective that traditional NC and thin client can not really be realized desktop application fully.This machine of network computer of the present invention and server all calculate, and have so just made full use of the computing function of network computer and server, have improved the service efficiency of hardware, save cost.Simultaneously, upgrading, the maintenance and management of operating system of the present invention and application software all move on server, have really realized the zero management of client, have so just significantly reduced the total cost of ownership.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing network computer structural representation.
Fig. 2 is a network computer structural representation of the present invention.
The network computer of a kind of local no operating system that embodiment the present invention proposes is elaborated in conjunction with five kinds of embodiments.
Structure of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, comprise: network computer mainboard and corresponding external unit thereof, mainboard comprises low power consumption CPU, internal memory and other companion chip, also comprise a remote activation chip that is used for the long-range loading of operating system, after the long-range loading of operating system, utilize one or more technology accesses among the loading as required of network file system(NFS), program, Distributed Calculation or the terminal technology to leave file, program or data on the server in again, realize the desktop function of conventional P C.
The following five kinds of embodiment of the present invention all adopt the component configuration of following model:
CPU：Cyrix?Media?GX(300MHz)
Internal memory: 64M SDRAM
Other mainboard companion chip: Realtek8139C; The VGA chip; Cx5530 (USB interface); UMC8680 (High Speed I/O); Mpeg decode chip etc.
The remote activation chip of long-range load operation system or its mirror image: this remote activation chip stores the code of realizing remote boot protocols.The remote activation chip of present embodiment can be an independent ROM (read-only memory) (ROM) or the flash memory (Flash ROM) that is arranged on the motherboard, also can be in the BIOS of said companion chip chip directly stores remote start the code of agreement, formation can realize remote activation function expansion BIOS chip.
Server among all embodiment can adopt any existing server or ordinary PC.
Embodiment 1: utilize the PXE remote boot protocols, long-range loading built-in Linux.
In the present embodiment, PXE (Preboot Execution Environment) remote boot protocols code is left in form the expanded BIOS chip in the BIOS chip of network computer mainboard companion chip.
The operating system of server is Redhat Linux7.3.On server, install and configuration DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, DHCP) service, Trivial file transfer protocol (Trivial FileTransfer Protocol, TFTP) service and PXE service.And on server, place corresponding kernel mirror image and root file system mirror image (wherein comprising corresponding application software) such as RDP protocol terminal software.
After network computer starts, use DHCP to obtain the IP address of this machine, use the TFTP agreement to download linux kernel mirror image and root file system mirror image then.After downloading, the root file system mirror image is put in the local ram disk (RAMDisk).After operating system is got up, can use RDP agreement remote access Windows2000 server, realize the desktop function of conventional P C.
Embodiment 2 utilizes Etherboot remote boot protocols and NFS technology, and long-range loading Linux realizes the Linux desktop application on NC.
Etherboot realizes the support of remote activation according to ICP/IP protocol.The agreement of its main basis is RFC1531 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, DHCP) agreement, RFC1350 (The TFTP Protocol, a TFTP) agreement.Present embodiment is provided with an independent ROM on mainboard.The code of depositing the Etherboot remote boot protocols among this ROM constitutes the remote activation chip.
The operating system that server adopts in the present embodiment is Redhat Linux7.3.TFTP service, NFS service are installed and the configuration DHCP service on server.
After network computer starts, use DHCP to obtain the IP address of this machine, and then use the TFTP agreement to download linux kernel mirror image and execution.To really move desktop application, a big root file system must be arranged.Therefore in the present embodiment, utilize the NFS service to provide root file system for Linux.
After Linux utilizes NFS to load root file system, just can realize all Linux desktop application.Use the WWW online in the present embodiment, utilize the long-range Linux server of X-Terminal technology access, thereby in the computing power of this machine of utilization, utilize the computing power of remote server.
Embodiment 3 utilizes RPL remote boot protocols remote boot DOS or Windows32, realizes Windows2000 or XP termination function on NC.
In the present embodiment, RPL (Remote Program Load) remote boot protocols code is left on the mainboard and to constitute the remote activation chip among the independent ROM.
RPL is installed on server starts service and MetaFrame Terminal Service.Because Windows2000 server itself do not support remote activation, present embodiment with Windows NT4 with the remote activation service be installed on the Windows2000 server.
After the network computer of present embodiment starts, utilize the RPL agreement to download and carry out DOS or Windows32 mirror image.After this, utilize the MetaFrame client to be connected again, thereby realize the termination function of Windows2000 with server.
Embodiment 4 utilizes PXE remote boot protocols remote boot Windows98, and utilizes the network virtual disk technology, realizes the windows desktop application on NC.
In the present embodiment, PXE remote boot protocols code is left on the mainboard and to constitute the remote activation chip among the independent ROM.
Windows2000 Server is installed on the server.And the DHCP service is installed on server, PXE serves.In the present embodiment, Intel PXE-PDK is installed on server provides remote activation service (comprising file transfer services) based on PXE for NC.
At first set up a sample NC, this NC has hard-disk interface and a hard disk is set.According to conventional method Windows98 system and related software are installed on this NC.After this, be provided with according to the requirement of Litenet software and the Windows98 of sample NC installed and upload onto the server and make corresponding startup mirror image by Litenet software.
After network computer starts, utilize PXE agreement down operation system start-up mirror image and carry out (be a DOS environment this moment), and then utilize Net use order that Windows2000 server shared is mapped as corresponding network virtual magnetic disk, for Windows98 provides file storage service.
Embodiment 5 utilizes " the computer remote startup method under a kind of network environment ", realizes the dynamic load several operation systems on NC, thereby supports abundanter desktop application.
The remote boot protocols that the support multiple operating system that is adopted in the present embodiment starts is that " the computer remote startup method under a kind of network environment " (the applicant applies for a patent, and number of patent application is: 01142033.2).
Present embodiment is provided with an independent ROM on the NC mainboard, deposit the remote boot protocols code among this ROM and constitute the remote activation chip.
Linux Redhat7.3 is installed on the server.The DHCP service is installed, for NC provides automatic configuration service on server.On server, install and the service of configuration remote activation, for NC provides (referring to patents 01142033.2) such as menu selection, mirror image download services.And on server, install and dispose the NFS service of supporting the Linux operation and support the Samba service that Windows moves.These two services provide the network file system(NFS) support for the operation of Linux and Windows.
After network computer starts, at first download and carry out a script interpreted environment and corresponding scripts, download corresponding operating system mirror image and execution according to customer requirements then from server.After this, (NFS Samba) provides file service for operating system to utilize network file system(NFS) again.For the optimization that realizes using, service routine loading technique as required realizes the NC optimizing application, thereby supports abundant desktop application comprehensively.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of network computer of local no operating system, comprise network computer mainboard and corresponding external unit thereof, said mainboard comprises low power consumption CPU, internal memory and other companion chip, it is characterized in that, said mainboard comprises that also stores the remote activation chip that realization remote boot protocols code is used for the long-range loading of operating system, after the long-range loading of operating system, utilize network file system(NFS) again, program loads as required, one or more technology accesses among Distributed Calculation or the terminal technology leave the file on the server in, program or data, the desktop function of realization conventional P C.
2, as the network computer of the said local no operating system of claim 1, it is characterized in that said low power consumption CPU is: the general or embedded type low-power consumption CPU of dominant frequency≤800MHz.
As the network computer of the said local no operating system of claim 1, it is characterized in that 3, said remote activation chip is independent ROM (read-only memory) or the flash memory that is arranged on this mainboard.
4, as the network computer of the said local no operating system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, said companion chip comprises the BIOS chip, and said remote activation chip constitutes in the said BIOS chip for the code that will realize remote boot protocols directly is stored in can realize remote activation function expansion BIOS chip.
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| CNB031220223A CN1158617C (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | Networked computers with no local operation system |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100371935C (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-02-27 | 无锡永中科技有限公司 | Simulative operation system human-computer interaction implementation method based on browser |
| CN100407154C (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2008-07-30 | 国际商业机器公司 | A system and method for modeling and dynamically deploying services into a distributed networking architecture |
| CN100412829C (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2008-08-20 | 中青科技股份有限公司 | Computer peripheral equipment for refitting personal computer into network computer |
| CN100418319C (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2008-09-10 | 清华大学 | Data transmitting method between terminals in transparent computer system |
| CN100429904C (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2008-10-29 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | A method for implementing dynamic deployment of network client-side application |
| CN102693208A (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2012-09-26 | 恩科电脑有限公司 | Network terminal and operating communicating method thereof |
| CN103024545A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-03 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | Starting method of operating system of set-top box, set-top box and server |
| CN104246698A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2014-12-24 | 章寅生 | Computer with flexible operating system |
| CN105703911A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 上海天脉聚源文化传媒有限公司 | Image processing computer and formation method |
| CN106126265A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-16 | 南京金佰达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of zero-configuration client system graphic interface |
| CN107707656A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-16 | 李梓彤 | The remote loading method and system of operating system |
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- 2003-04-22 CN CNB031220223A patent/CN1158617C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100429904C (en) * | 2003-12-04 | 2008-10-29 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | A method for implementing dynamic deployment of network client-side application |
| CN102693208A (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2012-09-26 | 恩科电脑有限公司 | Network terminal and operating communicating method thereof |
| CN100407154C (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2008-07-30 | 国际商业机器公司 | A system and method for modeling and dynamically deploying services into a distributed networking architecture |
| CN100412829C (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2008-08-20 | 中青科技股份有限公司 | Computer peripheral equipment for refitting personal computer into network computer |
| CN100371935C (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-02-27 | 无锡永中科技有限公司 | Simulative operation system human-computer interaction implementation method based on browser |
| CN100418319C (en) * | 2006-05-18 | 2008-09-10 | 清华大学 | Data transmitting method between terminals in transparent computer system |
| CN104246698B (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2017-07-07 | 章寅生 | Elastic operation is system computerized |
| CN104246698A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2014-12-24 | 章寅生 | Computer with flexible operating system |
| CN103024545A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-03 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | Starting method of operating system of set-top box, set-top box and server |
| CN103024545B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2016-10-05 | 深圳市九洲电器有限公司 | A kind of os starting method of Set Top Box and Set Top Box, server |
| CN105703911A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 上海天脉聚源文化传媒有限公司 | Image processing computer and formation method |
| CN106126265A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-16 | 南京金佰达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of zero-configuration client system graphic interface |
| CN106126265B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2019-05-31 | 南京金佰达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of zero-configuration client system graphic interface |
| CN107707656A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-02-16 | 李梓彤 | The remote loading method and system of operating system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1158617C (en) | 2004-07-21 |
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