CN1443266A - Backreaming tool - Google Patents
Backreaming tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1443266A CN1443266A CN01811492.XA CN01811492A CN1443266A CN 1443266 A CN1443266 A CN 1443266A CN 01811492 A CN01811492 A CN 01811492A CN 1443266 A CN1443266 A CN 1443266A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- drill string
- striking mechanism
- compressed air
- pneumatic striking
- backreaming
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/06—Down-hole impacting means, e.g. hammers
- E21B4/14—Fluid operated hammers
- E21B4/145—Fluid operated hammers of the self propelled-type, e.g. with a reverse mode to retract the device from the hole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a backreaming tool for expanding a pilot bore produced by a drill string, comprising a pneumatic perCussion hammer (1) in combination with a drill string, the drill string being rotatable and reversible through the pilot bore to effect backreaming by the pneumatic perCussion hammer. The pneumatic percussion hammer is longitudinally adjustable relative to the drill string. The arrangement is such that the compressed air supply to the working cylinder of the hammer is cut off when the hammer is longitudinally close to the end of the drill string, then restored as the hammer becomes more distant from the drill string.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Backreaming tool that is used for expansion by the guide hole of drill string (the drilling rod group that is serially connected) generation.
Background technology
Directed drilling (particularly horizontal drilling) but be used in the hole that need not to produce under the situation about excavating continuously receiving tube, utility line etc.At first utilize drill string to get out a guide hole.Then this hole is extended to receive required pipe, utility line etc.Utilize backreaming to carry out reaming easily, described backreaming method comprises: Backreaming tool is linked to each other with the front end of the drill string that protrudes from guide hole, then along opposite direction drilling rod is spurred by guide hole in drill string rotating.When the guide hole of Backreaming tool by on the drill string end when pulled, its enlarges and compacting hole wall.
Proposed various Backreaming tools, US-A-5 has illustrated an example in 921,331.The instrument of even now can be with satisfactory way work in softer soil, but can encounter problems when comprising rock continuous or interruption, cobble etc. in the soil.Such Backreaming tool is easy to block in the soil or only can advance very lentamente, and therefore they are ground self when in the face of rock and cobble.
WO99/19596 has described and a kind ofly can carry out the directional drill tool of directed drilling effectively in rock.It has also described a kind of Backreaming tool, and wherein drill string is used in combination with jump bit.
Jump bit (being also referred to as " development machine (moles) ") is known in excavation applications.Usually in pneumatic mode they are operated, but other drive unit also is known.Such jump bit is forward and to be driven in opposite direction also be known.An example with the jump bit that retreats mechanism has been shown among the WO91/19073.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Backreaming tool that is used to expand the guide hole that is produced by drill string, described Backreaming tool comprises the pneumatic striking mechanism that combines with drill string, and drill string is rotatable and can oppositely carry out backreaming by guide hole to utilize pneumatic striking mechanism;
Wherein, pneumatic striking mechanism has with first end of drill string front end adjacency, away from second end and the compressed air input pipe of drill string, described compressed air input pipe is by first end and enter into the working cylinder of described hammer, thereby working cylinder can be moved back and forth and applies hammering on the described hammer internal end surface at the first end place;
Wherein, described compressed air input pipe links to each other with the front end of drill string, so that compressed air is fed in the air input pipe by drill string, and but described compressed air input pipe links to each other with pneumatic striking mechanism in the mode of longitudinal sliding motion and rotational fixation, thereby makes pneumatic striking mechanism can vertically regulate with respect to drill string but can rotate according to the rotation of drill string;
Wherein, the air input pipe is located with respect to working cylinder, promptly, when described hammer is cut off the compressed air that supplies in the working cylinder during vertically near the drill string end or is in neutral position, then, drop on the front end of drill string to prevent hammering along with described hammer recovers compressed-air actuated supply gradually away from drill string.
The present invention also provides the method for the guide hole that a kind of expansion produced by drill string, described method comprises: pneumatic striking mechanism is linked to each other with the drill string front end, make compressed air be fed into pneumatic striking mechanism and when drill string rotates, make drill string, thereby utilize pneumatic striking mechanism to carry out the backreaming of guide hole oppositely by described hole by drill string;
Wherein, drive pneumatic striking mechanism to produce hammering by supplying with compressed air towards drill string; And
Wherein, when described hammer is cut off the compressed air that supplies to pneumatic striking mechanism during vertically near the drill string end or is in the neutral position,, drop on the front end of drill string to prevent hammering then along with described hammer recovers compressed-air actuated supply gradually away from drill string.
Also can between described hammer and drill string, use damping device not clash into drill string further to guarantee hammering.
Description of drawings
Now with reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the lateral view of the related Backreaming tool of one embodiment of the present of invention, and the compressed air that wherein is fed into pneumatic striking mechanism is cut off;
Fig. 2 is and Fig. 1 corresponding view that wherein compressed air is supplied with and has been resumed with the beginning hammer cycle;
Fig. 3 is and Fig. 2 corresponding view wherein to show the position that hammering occurs;
Fig. 4 is the lateral view of the related Backreaming tool of one embodiment of the present of invention, wherein shows external structural characteristics;
Fig. 5 can be used in the Backreaming tool can be varying sized the schematic diagram of head;
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are the front elevation drawing and the rear elevations of the head that is used in combination with Backreaming tool; And
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 show other embodiment of spendable head.
The specific embodiment
At first, wherein show the pneumatic striking mechanism 1 of a part that constitutes Backreaming tool involved in the present invention referring to Fig. 1,2 and 3.Pneumatic striking mechanism 1 itself adopts conventional design.It has front end 2 and rear end 3, and its 3 places link to each other with the front end of drill string (not shown) in the rear end.In an illustrated embodiment, pneumatic striking mechanism 1 is suitable for " oppositely " pattern operation, that is, hammering is towards the rear end 3.But, the invention is not restricted to this arrangement form, the front end of pneumatic striking mechanism is linked to each other with the front end of drill string, and described pneumatic striking mechanism then move with " forward " pattern.
Described pneumatic striking mechanism has the hammer parts 4 that can longitudinally slide in drum-shaped chamber 5.Hammer parts 4 have interior working cylinder 6.Passage 7 is communicated with between working cylinder 6 and drum-shaped chamber 5.Compressed air input pipe 8 by pneumatic striking mechanism rear end 3 and join in the working cylinder 6.Compressed air input pipe 8 is open so that compressed air is supplied in the working cylinder 6 at its front end 9 places.Utilize nipple etc. to make compressed air input pipe 8 be fixed to the front end of drill string in 10 places in its back-end.Compressed air is fed in the compressed air input pipe by drill string.
Compressed air input pipe 8 has a collar of vertically being with key or band keyway (keged) in the middle of its end, it has constituted the convex type parts that can cooperatively interact with the female member of an inner band key or band keyway, and the female member of described inner band key or band keyway has constituted the part of the back end structure of pneumatic striking mechanism.The connection of this band key or band keyway can make compressed air input pipe 8 with respect to pneumatic striking mechanism 1 longitudinal sliding motion.When compressed air input pipe 8 was fixed on the drill string, pneumatic striking mechanism 1 can vertically be regulated with respect to drill string itself.The connection of band key between compressed air input pipe 8 and pneumatic striking mechanism 1 or band keyway means that also the rotation of drill string will make pneumatic striking mechanism 1 rotate accordingly.
The fore-end of compressed air input pipe 8 has a control valve 11, and control valve 11 is parts that the diameter that can slide in the hole of working cylinder 6 increases.According to the lengthwise position of compressed air input pipe 8, control valve 11 can cover the end of passage 7 to prevent the connection between working cylinder 6 and the drum-shaped chamber 5.
In the position shown in Fig. 1, control valve 11 has been pulled to its most forward position, that is, and and the end that pneumatic striking mechanism 1 compares near drill string.In this position, control valve 11 covers passages 7, and hammers 4 preceding the inners that are resisted against drum-shaped chamber 5 into shape.Mobile this position that stops at of hammer 4.When drill string continued oppositely by guide hole, the connection between the rear end 10 of drill string and compressed air input pipe 8 began oppositely to spur control valve 11, and this is because the pulling force that acts on the external surface of the pneumatic striking mechanism of the side in hole causes.Then arrive position shown in Fig. 2.Control valve 11 has moved to the rear end of passage 7, thereby these passages no longer are capped, and the compressed air that comes from service depot 6 can enter drum-shaped chamber 5 by passage 7.The front portion of hammer 4 has can make compressed air lead to the side trench (not shown) of the front portion of drum-shaped chamber 5.Then, as shown in Figure 3, compressed air acts on the front surface of hammer 4, with to rear drive hammer 4, impinges upon on the interior rear end of drum-shaped chamber 5 until the back of the body surface of hammer 4.In this position, passage 7 has led to the rear portion of control valve 11 at present, and the present rear portion that oppositely enters into working cylinder 6 by these passages of compressed air, then, leads to the outside of pneumatic striking mechanism by discharging groove 12.Then, the compressed air that utilizes the front end by compressed air input pipe 8 to enter in the working cylinder 6 repeats this circulation.The a series of backward hammer blow that produces makes pneumatic striking mechanism 1 begin to catch up with reverse drill string by guide hole.When pneumatic striking mechanism 1 arrived the front end of drill string once more, control valve 11 was pushed into once more and stops hammer and circulates.Like this, can prevent to produce hammering during near drill string when pneumatic striking mechanism.
In stage when catching up with the drill string that oppositely passes through guide hole when pneumatic striking mechanism, pneumatic striking mechanism oppositely applies hammering.This can make pneumatic striking mechanism play the backreaming effect.Adopt the head 13 of annular element to be installed on the rear end 3 of pneumatic striking mechanism.Head 13 preferably has a flat rear surface.As shown in Figure 4, can have carburizing tooth 14 on this surface.Head 13 is dismountable parts, and as shown in Figure 5, and the head 13 that different size can be provided is to adapt to different soil environment and boring requirement.
Fig. 4 also shows and be threaded 15 between the front end 16 of the rear end 10 of compressed air input pipe and drill string.Also show the shell 17 that is used for pneumatic striking mechanism among Fig. 4, shell 17 is used in the time of can making pneumatic striking mechanism have water in guide hole, can not influence normal operation because of water inlet.Perhaps, described hammer can be configured with unidirectional exhaust passage to prevent entering of water.
Fig. 6 to Fig. 9 shows the various design forms of cutting head 13.Can face the place ahead and the rear is provided with passage, and can have a certain degree with axis shape.These make air or fluid (such as water, swell soil or foam) pass through head.Shown in Reference numeral 18, also can bigger passage upwards be set in week, perhaps shown in Reference numeral 19, also can be provided with comparison near the passage at center to discharge the soil that excavates.This head also can have as shown in Figure 8 peripheral surface that reduce or non-interruption of star shape to be made this air compressing of pulverous excavation regolith and is compressed in crack in the soil, the space etc., and the surface of interrupting does not make the hole level and smooth simultaneously.
The work plane of head 13 is preferably flat.This can make maximum active force be applied on the soil, and particularly is applied on rock and the cobble.Guarantee that these materials are cut fully and pulverize can being pushed back in the head passage or before by head channel.This with normally dwindle gradually and be easy in the soil, block or almost stop and the conventional Backreaming tool that when in the face of rock and cobble, itself being polished opposite.They also are easy to remove by scraper or cutting wheel and are arranged in the whole of hole or part rock, and perhaps they remove the hole that subsides fully.Therefore, the design form of Backreaming tool involved in the present invention can overcome such problem.
Claims (4)
1. Backreaming tool that is used to expand the guide hole that produces by drill string, described Backreaming tool comprises the pneumatic striking mechanism (1) that combines with drill string, drill string is rotatable and can oppositely carry out backreaming by guide hole to utilize pneumatic striking mechanism;
It is characterized in that, pneumatic striking mechanism has with first end (3) of drill string front end adjacency, away from second end (2) and the compressed air input pipe (8) of drill string, described compressed air input pipe is by first end and enter into the working cylinder (6) of described hammer, thereby working cylinder can be moved back and forth and applies hammering on the described hammer internal end surface at the first end place;
It is characterized in that, described compressed air input pipe (8) links to each other with the front end of drill string, so that compressed air is fed in the air input pipe by drill string, and but described compressed air input pipe links to each other with pneumatic striking mechanism with rotatable fixing mode with longitudinal sliding motion, thereby makes the pneumatic striking mechanism can be with respect to vertically adjusting but can rotate according to the rotation of drill string of drill string;
It is characterized in that, air input pipe (8) is located with respect to working cylinder (6), promptly, when described hammer is cut off the compressed air that supplies in the working cylinder during vertically near the drill string end or is in the neutral position, then, drop on the front end of drill string to prevent hammering along with described hammer recovers compressed-air actuated supply gradually away from drill string.Also can between described hammer and drill string, use damping device not clash into drill string further to guarantee hammering.
2. Backreaming tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described Backreaming tool also is included in the damping device between described hammer and the drill string.
3. Backreaming tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described pneumatic striking mechanism locates to have the head of band plane surface at its second end (2).
4. the method for the guide hole that produced by drill string of an expansion, described method comprises: pneumatic striking mechanism (1) is linked to each other with the drill string front end, make compressed air be fed into pneumatic striking mechanism and when drill string rotates, make drill string, thereby utilize pneumatic striking mechanism to carry out the backreaming of guide hole oppositely by described hole by drill string;
It is characterized in that, supply with compressed air and drive pneumatic striking mechanism to produce hammering towards drill string; And
It is characterized in that,,, drop on the front end of drill string to prevent hammering then along with described hammer recovers compressed-air actuated supply gradually away from drill string when described hammer is cut off the compressed air that supplies in the working cylinder during vertically near the drill string end.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB0010212.9A GB0010212D0 (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2000-04-26 | Backreaming tool |
| GB0010212.9 | 2000-04-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1443266A true CN1443266A (en) | 2003-09-17 |
Family
ID=9890576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01811492.XA Pending CN1443266A (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-04-26 | Backreaming tool |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040089473A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1276952A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1443266A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5053901A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2407042A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB0010212D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001081704A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111577177A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Drilling device and drilling method for discharging slag by underground pneumatic impact crushed rock foam |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0114872D0 (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2001-08-08 | Weatherford Lamb | Tubing expansion |
| IES20050621A2 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2006-11-15 | Minroc Techn Promotions Ltd | A percussion hammer for enlarging drilled holes |
| WO2009108413A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Systems and methods for regulating flow in a wellbore |
| IES20100502A2 (en) | 2010-08-12 | 2011-04-27 | Minroc Techn Promotions Ltd | An attachment for percussion drill tools |
| US20150273676A1 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Michael B. Spektor | Optimized pneumatic hammer |
| US10641051B1 (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2020-05-05 | Dandelion Energy, Inc. | Systems and methods for coupling and decoupling drill heads for ground loop preparation for geothermal applications |
| CN107829685B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2023-12-19 | 苏州工业园区科艺通信设备有限公司 | Pneumatic full-section rock reamer of directional drilling machine and reaming process thereof |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2157259C3 (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-06-07 | Tracto Technik | Ram drilling rig |
| GB1501582A (en) * | 1975-05-31 | 1978-02-15 | Jenne & Strahm Ag | Boring tools |
| US4117895A (en) * | 1977-03-30 | 1978-10-03 | Smith International, Inc. | Apparatus and method for enlarging underground arcuate bore holes |
| GB2165279B (en) * | 1984-10-03 | 1987-12-23 | Inst Gornogo Dela Sibirskogo O | Air-operated reversible percussive action machine |
| US4694913A (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1987-09-22 | Gas Research Institute | Guided earth boring tool |
| US5190114A (en) * | 1988-11-25 | 1993-03-02 | Intech International Inc. | Flow pulsing apparatus for drill string |
| GB9012639D0 (en) | 1990-06-06 | 1990-07-25 | Kayes Allan G | Soil displacement hammer with reversing mechanism |
| US5065827A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1991-11-19 | Smith International, Inc. | Hammer bit retention tool |
| US5238073A (en) * | 1991-04-04 | 1993-08-24 | Rear Ian G | Uphole hammer |
| FI954309A (en) * | 1995-09-14 | 1997-03-15 | Rd Trenchless Ltd Oy | Drilling device and drilling method |
| US5921331A (en) | 1997-04-14 | 1999-07-13 | Straightline Manufacturing, Inc. | Backreamer |
-
2000
- 2000-04-26 GB GBGB0010212.9A patent/GB0010212D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-04-26 WO PCT/GB2001/001879 patent/WO2001081704A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-26 US US10/258,755 patent/US20040089473A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-26 CN CN01811492.XA patent/CN1443266A/en active Pending
- 2001-04-26 EP EP01923856A patent/EP1276952A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-04-26 CA CA002407042A patent/CA2407042A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-26 AU AU50539/01A patent/AU5053901A/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111577177A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-08-25 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Drilling device and drilling method for discharging slag by underground pneumatic impact crushed rock foam |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001081704A1 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
| EP1276952A1 (en) | 2003-01-22 |
| CA2407042A1 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
| US20040089473A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| GB0010212D0 (en) | 2000-06-14 |
| AU5053901A (en) | 2001-11-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |