CN1442913A - Humidity preservation composite film used for proton exchange film fuel battery and its preparation method - Google Patents

Humidity preservation composite film used for proton exchange film fuel battery and its preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1442913A
CN1442913A CN02103832A CN02103832A CN1442913A CN 1442913 A CN1442913 A CN 1442913A CN 02103832 A CN02103832 A CN 02103832A CN 02103832 A CN02103832 A CN 02103832A CN 1442913 A CN1442913 A CN 1442913A
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organic
proton exchange
membrane
oxide
film
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CN1224119C (en
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毛宗强
王诚
徐景明
谢晓峰
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
    • Y02A40/924Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation using renewable energies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

A self-moisture-retaining composite film used for fuel cell of proton-exchange film structure is made up by combining a proton-exchange film and a coating layer with moisture-retaining function, and the coating layer is added with inorganic substance or its oxide powder to organic solution of organic substance with the same composition as the organic film and then to coat in on one side or both sides of the organic film. Its preparation method is to use the organic film with proton exchanging ability as matrix, grind the inorganic substance or its oxide into powder of 0.1-10 micron and to mix it uniformly with the organic solvent and the organic substance with the same composition as the organic film to obtain a slurry, and the self-moisture-retaining composite film can be produced by coating the slurry on the surface of the organic film matrix and followed by drying and solidifying.

Description

Humidity preservation composite film of a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure and preparation method thereof of polymer film of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background technology
In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, can carry out proton exchange in order to make polymer film, it is moistening to need film itself to remain.The way that solves in the prior art is in advance with fuel gas and oxidant humidification, so that film keeps is moistening, this just need be provided with damping device in fuel cell system.
Du pont company G draws " laminated diaphragm that is used for the fuel cell of direct fueling " patent of invention ([application number] 97180928.3) of Zhan Delan application, this patent relates to a kind of cation exchange membrane, and it has the laminated construction of at least three layers of cation exchange polymer.In barrier film according to this invention, cation exchange polymer in the lamination has main polymer chain and the cation exchange base that is stated from the repetition side chain, this side chain is attached on the main polymer chain with some relevant with the cation exchange base in main polymer chain carbon atoms, this exchange base is determined every layer ion exchange ratio (IXR), layer has different IXR values, it provides one or more layers high IXR layer and one or more layers low IXR layer, the IXR of this low IXR layer less than about 17 and the IXR of this high IXR layer be at least about 15.In the barrier film according to this invention, high and at least two positions of low layer on the membrane thicknesses direction also have and are at least about 2 IXR variation.This patent is the multilayer organic hybrid films, can be used for fuel cell, but does not have moisture-keeping function, has limited its range of application.
In " preparation method of the polyimides of ultra low heat expansion coefficient/clay nano composite membrane " of Zhejiang University's application ([application number] 00101315.7), a kind of prepare organic and method inorganic substances compound membrane are disclosed, promptly in reactor, use oxolane/methanol mixed dissolution with solvents aromatic diamines, add aromatic anhydride again and tertiary amine reacts, obtain the polyamic acid salting liquid; Organized clay poured in oxolane/methanol mixed solvent form the clayish solution that organises.Be poured on the glass plate after two solution are stirred into polyamic acid salt/organized clay solution; spread to the film of desired thickness with film forming device; temperature program(me) oven dry and curing to set under nitrogen protection; be cooled to room temperature; take off from glass plate, promptly do not contained the film that residual solvent has the super-low expansion coefficient.But this film can not be used for fuel cell fully as dielectric film.
" method for making of composite porous polymetafluoroethylefilm film " ([application number] 98103152.8) patent of invention of Motianmo Tech. Engineering Co., Tianjin Textile Polytechnical College's application, this patent relates to the method for making of composite porous polymetafluoroethylefilm film.It is characterized in that with Kynoar or polyvinylidene blending thing be basement membrane, by chemical reaction or irradiation to its surface modification, make it to form C=C ,-OH ,-COOH ,-the active growth point of COOR or free radical, make basement membrane and functional high-polymer or polymer monomer carry out graft reaction again, make its surface form loose type composite bed; For itself had C=C ,-OH ,-the polyvinylidene blending thing basement membrane of COOH, COOR or free radical, directly carry out graft reaction, form loose type composite bed.The inventive method products obtained therefrom has better resistance tocrocking and selects separating effect.This patent is an organic hybrid films, but can not be used for fuel cell fully as dielectric film.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide humidity preservation composite film of a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell and preparation method thereof, can be used for fuel cell, be intended to simplify the parts and the operational procedure of fuel cell, reduce the cost of fuel cell as dielectric film.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell humidity preservation composite film, comprise proton exchange organic membrane matrix, it is characterized in that: this composite membrane is to be composited by proton exchange organic membrane matrix and the coating with moisture-keeping functions, described coating is to add inorganic matter or its oxide powder in containing the organic organic solution identical with the organic membrane composition, is coated in the one or both sides of organic membrane.
The inorganic matter that adds in coating or its oxide are generally silicon, titanium, aluminium, manganese, nickel, cobalt, iron or its oxide.The thickness of coating should guarantee that contained inorganic matter or its oxide remain on 0.1~5 milligram/square centimeter.
A kind of method for preparing described used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell humidity preservation composite film may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses organic membrane and make matrix with proton exchange ability;
(2) inorganic matter or its oxide are pulverized, made 0.1~10 micron powder;
(3) choose and the identical organic substance of organic membrane matrix composition, make organic solution, evenly mix with powder in the step (2), make slurry, wherein content of powder is 0.1~10%;
(4) mixture paste is coated in the surface of organic membrane matrix, under inert atmosphere, oven dry, solidifies;
(5) repeating step (4), the inorganic matter in coating layer thickness or its oxide remain on 0.1~5 milligram/square centimeter.
Used organic solvent can be any in isopropyl alcohol, benzene, dimethyl formamide, acetone or the chloroform.
The present invention compares with the employed common organic membrane of existing fuel cell, himself has the characteristics that keep moisture content, can be used for fuel cell as dielectric film, does not need other humidification; Thereby can effectively simplify the parts of fuel cell and the cost of reduction fuel cell.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cated humidity preservation composite film of a side.
Fig. 2 is the cated humidity preservation composite films in both sides.
Fig. 3 is the fuel cell performance curve that contains titanium dioxide composite film.
Fig. 4 is the stability test result who contains the fuel cell of titanium dioxide composite film.
Among the figure: 1-organic membrane matrix; The 2-coating
Embodiment
The present invention is matrix with the organic membrane 1 that uses in the fuel cell, is composited with the coating 2 with moisture-keeping functions.Coating is to mix the made slurry in back with containing organic substance, organic solution and the inorganic matter identical with organic membrane matrix composition or its oxide powder, then this slurry is coated in the one or both sides of matrix.Used organic solvent should be according to the organic difference that is adopted and is different, uses isopropyl alcohol, benzene, dimethyl formamide, acetone or chloroform to be organic solvent usually.The thickness of coating should be as the criterion with the amount of its every square centimeter inorganic matter that contains or its oxide, generally remains on 0.1~5 milligram/square centimeter, can repetitive coatings.Embodiment 1:
(a) choose the full fluorin proton exchange film of selling in market and make matrix;
(b) the silica 1 gram is pulverized, sieved, getting particle mean size is 0.15 micron powder;
(c) SiO 2 powder and water, isopropyl alcohol, the perfluorinated sulfonic acid after will pulverizing mixes with homogenizer, makes slurry, and wherein the content of silicon dioxide is 5%;
(d) will make the surface that slurry evenly spreads upon the organic membrane matrix, spread to the film of desired thickness with film forming device; And in pure air stream, be warming up to 150 ℃ with 5 ℃ of/minute speed, dry 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature then;
(e) the repetition previous step is rapid, remains on 2 milligrams/square centimeter up to dioxide-containing silica, promptly makes to have the used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell humidity preservation composite film.
Effect: when Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is 2atm, oxygen pressure is 2.4atm, and temperature is 80 ℃, and when the monocell operating pressure was 0.7V, its current density can reach 0.8A/cm 2More than.
Embodiment 2:
(a) get Kynoar (PVDF) organic membrane and make matrix;
(b) with 1 gram simple substance cobalt crushing screening, particle diameter is 5 microns a powder;
(c) above-mentioned cobalt dust, Kynoar organic substance and dimethyl formamide are stirred, make slurry, wherein cobalt dust content is 10%;
(d) slurry that makes is evenly spread upon the surface, one or both sides of organic membrane matrix, dry, be cooled to room temperature;
(e) the repetition previous step is rapid, and straight cobalt content remains on 5 milligrams/square centimeter, promptly makes to have the used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell humidity preservation composite film.
Effect: when Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is 2.4atm, oxygen pressure is 2.4atm, and temperature is 80 ℃, and when the monocell operating pressure was 0.7V, its current density can reach 0.7A/cm 2More than.
Embodiment 3:
(a) choose the full fluorin proton exchange film of selling in market and make matrix;
(b) titanium dioxide 1 gram is pulverized, sieved, getting particle mean size is 1 micron powder;
(c) titania powder and water, isopropyl alcohol, the perfluorinated sulfonic acid after will pulverizing mixes with homogenizer, makes slurry, and wherein the content of titanium dioxide is 3%;
(d) will make the surface that slurry evenly spreads upon the organic membrane matrix, spread to the film of desired thickness with film forming device; And in pure air stream, be warming up to 150 ℃ with 10 ℃ of/minute speed, dry 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature then;
(e) the repetition previous step is rapid, remains on 0.1 milligram/square centimeter up to dioxide-containing silica, promptly makes to have the used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell humidity preservation composite film.
Effect: when Hydrogen Vapor Pressure is 2.6atm, oxygen pressure is 2.8atm, and temperature is 80 ℃, and when the monocell operating pressure was 0.7V, its current density can reach 1.5A/cm 2(seeing shown in Figure 3).And its stability is fine, long-time stable discharging between 0.55~0.6V, discharging current 2.34A/cm 2(see figure 4)

Claims (5)

1, a kind of humidity preservation composite film of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell, comprise proton exchange organic membrane matrix, it is characterized in that: this composite membrane is to be composited by proton exchange organic membrane matrix (1) and coating (2) with moisture-keeping functions, described coating is to add inorganic matter or its oxide powder in containing the organic organic solution identical with the organic membrane composition, is coated in the one or both sides of organic membrane.
2, according to the humidity preservation composite film of the described used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell of claim 1, its special type is that the inorganic matter or its oxide that add in the coating are silicon, titanium, aluminium, manganese, nickel, cobalt, iron and oxide thereof.
3, according to the described used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite membrane of claim 1, its special type is that inorganic matter contained in the coating or its oxide remain on 0.1~5 milligram/square centimeter.
4, a kind of preparation method of humidity preservation composite film according to claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) chooses organic membrane and make matrix with proton exchange ability;
(2) inorganic matter or its oxide are pulverized, made 0.1~10 micron powder;
(3) choose and the identical organic substance of organic membrane matrix composition, make organic solution, evenly mix with powder in the step (2), make slurry, wherein content of powder is 0.1~10%;
(4) slurry is coated in the surface of organic membrane matrix, under inert atmosphere, oven dry, solidifies;
(5) repeating step (4), the inorganic matter in coating layer thickness or its oxide remain on 0.1~5 milligram/square centimeter.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 4, it is characterized in that: used organic solvent is any in isopropyl alcohol, benzene, dimethyl formamide, acetone or the chloroform.
CNB021038325A 2002-03-29 2002-03-29 Humidity preservation composite film used for proton exchange film fuel battery and its preparation method Expired - Fee Related CN1224119C (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100336257C (en) * 2005-05-20 2007-09-05 武汉理工大学 Composite proton exchange film for anti-gas osmosising fuel cell and production thereof
CN100345326C (en) * 2004-05-14 2007-10-24 武汉理工大学 Unit combined high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation
WO2007128247A1 (en) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Horizon Fuel Cells Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. A novel membrane electrode assembly and its manufacturing process
CN100356623C (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-12-19 清华大学 Self-humidifying method for fuel cell
CN100438173C (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-11-26 三星Sdi株式会社 Fuel cell
CN100446314C (en) * 2005-06-17 2008-12-24 新源动力股份有限公司 Multilayer composite proton exchange membrane and synthesizing method for self-humidifying fuel cell
CN101235268B (en) * 2007-12-27 2010-04-21 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Moisture-absorption water-retention composite film and preparation method thereof
US7803495B2 (en) 2005-01-26 2010-09-28 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell, method for preparing the same, and fuel cell system comprising the same
CN109921077A (en) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-21 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of organic/inorganic composite film and preparation and application
CN111146482A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-05-12 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Self-humidifying proton exchange membrane and preparation method and application thereof
CN114108017A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-03-01 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Enhanced PEM water electrolysis proton exchange membrane and continuous preparation method thereof

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100345326C (en) * 2004-05-14 2007-10-24 武汉理工大学 Unit combined high temperature proton exchange film fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation
US7803495B2 (en) 2005-01-26 2010-09-28 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell, method for preparing the same, and fuel cell system comprising the same
US8187764B2 (en) 2005-02-04 2012-05-29 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Fuel cell with moisture retentive layer in MEA
CN100438173C (en) * 2005-02-04 2008-11-26 三星Sdi株式会社 Fuel cell
CN100336257C (en) * 2005-05-20 2007-09-05 武汉理工大学 Composite proton exchange film for anti-gas osmosising fuel cell and production thereof
CN100446314C (en) * 2005-06-17 2008-12-24 新源动力股份有限公司 Multilayer composite proton exchange membrane and synthesizing method for self-humidifying fuel cell
CN100356623C (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-12-19 清华大学 Self-humidifying method for fuel cell
WO2007128247A1 (en) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Horizon Fuel Cells Technologies (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. A novel membrane electrode assembly and its manufacturing process
CN101235268B (en) * 2007-12-27 2010-04-21 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Moisture-absorption water-retention composite film and preparation method thereof
CN109921077A (en) * 2017-12-12 2019-06-21 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of organic/inorganic composite film and preparation and application
CN111146482A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-05-12 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Self-humidifying proton exchange membrane and preparation method and application thereof
CN114108017A (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-03-01 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Enhanced PEM water electrolysis proton exchange membrane and continuous preparation method thereof
CN114108017B (en) * 2021-12-03 2022-11-08 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Enhanced PEM water electrolysis proton exchange membrane and continuous preparation method thereof

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