CN1440114A - Power supply device and discharge lamp illuminator - Google Patents

Power supply device and discharge lamp illuminator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1440114A
CN1440114A CN03120091A CN03120091A CN1440114A CN 1440114 A CN1440114 A CN 1440114A CN 03120091 A CN03120091 A CN 03120091A CN 03120091 A CN03120091 A CN 03120091A CN 1440114 A CN1440114 A CN 1440114A
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China
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voltage
capacitor
value
mentioned
discharge lamp
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CN03120091A
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CN1298100C (en
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高橋雄治
清水惠一
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Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
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Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
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Priority claimed from JP2002024014A external-priority patent/JP3705217B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2002050066A external-priority patent/JP3991150B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2002155475A external-priority patent/JP4039127B2/en
Application filed by Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp filed Critical Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
Publication of CN1440114A publication Critical patent/CN1440114A/en
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Abstract

A power unit is configured such that: a plurality of circuits composed of variable resistors 4 and capacitors 6 are connected in parallel; each capacitor charges the corresponding resistor by using a commercial power supply voltage; and a discharging current is made to flow to a load from each capacitor successively. The power unit comprises: an impedance control means 7-11 that controls the impedance of the variable resistor having a prescribed target value that allows an input current to flow to an arbitrary one of the capacitors; and an amplitude control means 7-12 that controls the amplitude of the input voltage of the target value to be made larger when the capacitor voltage drops below the target value of the charging voltage, and controls the amplitude of the input voltage of the target value to be made smaller when the capacitor voltage rises exceeding the target value of the charging voltage, to control a charging voltage of a capacitor constant at all times.

Description

Supply unit and discharge lamp illuminator
Detailed description of the invention
Technical field that the present invention belongs to
The present invention relates to supply unit and the discharge lamp illuminator of a plurality of capacitors as the electric power supply source.
Prior art
Open in the flat 7-123733 communique the spy, put down in writing and used capacitor and switch element supply frequency to be transformed to the supply unit of high frequency.This supply unit charges to capacitor by the waveform that AC power is carried out after the full-wave rectification with full-wave rectifier, the positive pole of AC power also in turn open and close control a plurality of switch elements, give corresponding respectively capacitor charging according to supply voltage, the negative pole of AC power in turn open and close control a plurality of switch elements, give corresponding respectively capacitor charging according to supply voltage, use the discharge switch element, each switch element is controlled in open and close at high speed, these capacitors that discharge flow through high-frequency current in load.
The problem that invention will solve
In this supply unit, because load variations can produce problems such as voltage on capacitor variation and input current waveform distortion.Therefore, first the invention provides and a kind ofly the charging voltage of capacitor can be controlled to be constant supply unit.
With supply unit during as the power supply of the lighting device of electric lights such as discharge lamp, existing discharge lamp illuminator uses coil assemblies such as coil in order to limit lamp current generally.The weight and volume of coil assemblies such as this coil is big, therefore, is difficult to miniaturization, the lightweight of implement device.Therefore, but second the invention provides and a kind ofly not use coil assembly such as coil and can the light-weighted discharge lamp illuminator of Current limited Control lamp current implement device miniaturization.
Discharge lamp illuminator as this prior art will directly offer discharge lamp from the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that exchanges stepped voltage generation source, the time that each voltage takes place by change is controlled the effective value that exchanges stepped voltage, makes constantization of lamp current.But, in this discharge lamp illuminator, because the restriction of input current high fdrequency component, need regulation to exchange the effective value control range of stepped voltage, the control range of this effective value is about rated voltage ± 20%, and for the load voltage that surpasses this scope, operating point does not exist, therefore, existence can not make the situation of this discharge lamp action.That is the lamp voltage narrow range of discharge lamp applicatory.Therefore, the 3rd the invention provides a kind of discharge lamp illuminator that can enlarge the lamp voltage scope of discharge lamp applicatory and when the discharge lamp short circuit, can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
Be used to solve the means of problem
The invention of claim 1 record is a kind of supply unit, the series circuit of a plurality of variable resistances and capacitor is connected in parallel, by the variable resistance of source power supply voltage each capacitor is charged through correspondence, each variable resistance only is controlled so as to that impedance is a finite value during the corresponding capacitor of charging, be controlled to the impedance infinity during outside this, flow through discharging current from each capacitor in turn to load, described supply unit has: the impedance Control unit, the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in variable resistance arbitrarily; Amplitude control unit, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, make that the charging voltage of any capacitor is constant.
The invention of claim 2 record has: a plurality of impedance Control unit, and the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in each variable resistance respectively; With a plurality of amplitude control units, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, make that the voltage on capacitor corresponding to the variable resistance of each impedance Control unit controls impedance becomes constant.
The invention of claim 3 record has: a plurality of impedance Control unit, and the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in each variable resistance respectively; And amplitude control unit, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, feasible charging voltage with the capacitor that the charging desired value is the highest in each capacitor becomes constant, the impedance of the variable resistance of each impedance Control unit controls correspondence makes and flow through the input current desired value of amplitude control is carried out in tracking by amplitude control unit input current in each variable resistance.
The invention of claim 7 record has: a plurality of impedance Control unit, and the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in each variable resistance respectively; And amplitude control unit, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, feasible charging voltage with certain particular comparator in each capacitor becomes constant, the impedance of the variable resistance of each impedance Control unit controls correspondence, make and flow through the input current desired value of amplitude control is carried out in tracking by amplitude control unit input current, and the capacitor that certain is specific switches to other capacitors.
The invention of claim 8 record has: a plurality of direct voltage sources produce different positive voltage value; Switching circuit is selected a ground and is taken out dc voltage value from each direct voltage source, output comprises the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value; The polarity inversion electric current, input is from the stepped voltage waveform of switching circuit, the stepped voltage waveform of output AC; Discharge lamp provides from the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of polarity inversion circuit; The effective value test section, the effective value of the lamp current that detection is flowed in this discharge lamp; And control unit, the control switch circuit, variable control comprises the output time of each magnitude of voltage of the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value, makes the effective value of the lamp current that the effective value test section detects become constant.
The invention of claim 9 record has: a plurality of first direct voltage sources produce different positive voltage value; A plurality of second direct voltage sources produce the negative value that comprises zero voltage value that absolute value equates with the magnitude of voltage of each first direct voltage source; First switching circuit is selected a ground and is taken out dc voltage value from each first direct voltage source, output comprises the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value; The second switch circuit is selected a ground with the timing different with first switching circuit and is taken out dc voltage value from second direct voltage source, output comprises the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value; Discharge lamp provides the stepped voltage waveform from each switching circuit; The effective value test section, the effective value of the lamp current that detection is flowed in this discharge lamp; And control unit, control each switching circuit, variable control comprises the output time of each magnitude of voltage of the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value, makes the effective value of the lamp current that the effective value test section detects become constant.
The invention of claim 10 record is a kind of discharge lamp illuminator, have: exchange stepped voltage the source takes place, the step-like variation of magnitude of voltage, sinusoidal wave stepped positive voltage waveform and the step-like variation of magnitude of voltage that increases and decreases like that, the alternately stepped negative voltage waveform that increases and decreases like that of sine wave output; Discharge lamp provides from exchanging the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that the source takes place stepped voltage; And be connected in series in and exchange stepped voltage capacitor between source and the discharge lamp takes place.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of representing first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that comprises the concrete partial function piece that constitutes of drive circuit among expression first embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of representing second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of representing third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is used to illustrate that the 3rd embodiment becomes the supply voltage of the formation basis that detects the voltage on capacitor that also the controlled target magnitude of voltage is the highest and the oscillogram of input current;
Fig. 6 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 4th embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 5th embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 6th embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 7th embodiment;
Figure 10 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 8th embodiment;
Figure 11 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 9th embodiment;
Figure 12 is the partial circuit pie graph that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 10th embodiment;
Figure 13 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 11st embodiment;
Figure 14 is the figure of an example of the expression stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp among the 11st embodiment;
Figure 15 is the figure of another example of the expression stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp among the 11st embodiment;
Figure 16 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 12nd embodiment;
Figure 17 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 13rd embodiment;
Figure 18 is the figure of an example that offers the stepped voltage waveform of discharge lamp among expression the present invention the 14th embodiment;
Figure 19 is the figure of another example of the expression stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp among the 14th embodiment;
Figure 20 is the figure of another example of the expression stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp among the 14th embodiment;
Figure 21 is the figure of another example of the expression stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp among the 14th embodiment;
Figure 22 is from the output voltage waveforms of full-wave rectifier and the graph of a relation of each voltage on capacitor among expression the present invention the 15th embodiment;
Figure 23 is the figure that offers the stepped voltage waveform of high frequency of polarity inversion circuit among expression the 15th embodiment;
Figure 24 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 16th embodiment;
Figure 25 is the figure of the sine waveform of the expression stepped voltage waveform comparison that is used for offering when changing with the present invention's the 17th embodiment lamp current effective value discharge lamp;
Figure 26 is the figure of the input current waveform when the lamp current effective value changes among expression the 17th embodiment;
Figure 27 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 18th embodiment;
Figure 28 is the figure of the input current target waveform that is shaped by input current target waveform forming circuit when being rated value of the effective value of input voltage waveform and stepped voltage waveform among expression the 18th embodiment;
Figure 29 is among expression the 18th embodiment, the figure that the input current target waveform that is shaped by input current target waveform forming circuit when stepped voltage waveform effective value is higher than rated value is compared with sinusoidal wave input current waveform;
Figure 30 is among expression the 18th embodiment, the figure that the input current target waveform that is shaped by input current target waveform forming circuit when stepped voltage waveform effective value is lower than rated value is compared with sinusoidal wave input current waveform;
Figure 31 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 19th embodiment;
Figure 32 is among expression the 19th embodiment, does not use capacitor and the figure of load characteristic will exchange stepped voltage waveform and directly offer discharge lamp the time;
Figure 33 is among expression the 19th embodiment, provide to discharge lamp by capacitor to exchange stepped voltage waveform, and the effective value that exchanges stepped voltage waveform is the figure of the load characteristic under the constant condition;
Figure 34 is among expression the 19th embodiment, provides to discharge lamp by capacitor to exchange stepped voltage waveform, and the figure of the load characteristic of the time width that can change each voltage that exchanges stepped voltage waveform when controlling effective value;
Figure 35 is the circuit diagram that comprises the partial function piece of expression the present invention the 20th embodiment;
Figure 36 is illustrated in to relate among the 21st embodiment of the present invention, and the mean value of establishing the time width of each voltage that exchanges stepped voltage waveform is ts, the CR/ts the when time constant of the resistance decision of equal value of the discharge lamp during by the electric capacity of first capacitor and specified illumination is CR and the relation curve of form factor;
Figure 37 is illustrated among the 21st embodiment, establish the number of steps that exchanges stepped voltage waveform when being 5 steps the stepped voltage waveform of interchange and the discharge lamp two ends the during capacitance variations of first capacitor between the oscillogram of the voltage waveform that produces;
Figure 38 shows in the 21st embodiment, establish the number of steps that exchanges stepped voltage waveform when being 11 steps the stepped voltage waveform of interchange and the discharge lamp two ends the during capacitance variations of first capacitor between the oscillogram of the voltage waveform that produces;
Figure 39 shows in the 21st embodiment, establish the number of steps that exchanges stepped voltage waveform when being 21 steps the stepped voltage waveform of interchange and the discharge lamp two ends the during capacitance variations of first capacitor between the oscillogram of the voltage waveform that produces;
Figure 40 is the circuit diagram of expression according to the 22nd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 41 is the oscillogram that exchanges stepped voltage waveform among expression the 22nd embodiment and flow into the load current waveform of discharge lamp;
Figure 42 is another circuit diagram that is illustrated in the bipolarity switch that uses among the 22nd embodiment;
Figure 43 shows the circuit diagram of the 23rd embodiment according to the present invention;
Figure 44 shows the circuit diagram of the 24th embodiment according to the present invention;
Figure 45 shows in the 24th embodiment from exchanging the figure of the stepped voltage waveform example of exporting in stepped voltage generation source of interchange;
Figure 46 is the circuit diagram of the 25th embodiment according to the present invention;
Figure 47 is the partial circuit pie graph of switch element concrete example among expression the 25th embodiment.
Inventive embodiments
Below, referring to figs. 1 through Figure 12 first first to the tenth embodiment of the present invention is described.The symbol that reaches among Fig. 1 to Figure 12 in the explanation of first to the tenth embodiment is applicable to first to the tenth embodiment.
First embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the input terminal of full-wave rectifying circuit 2 is connected on the commercial ac power source 1, variable resistance 4-1, the 4-2 that MOS type FET (field-effect transistor) constitutes ..., 4-n, the input current testing circuit 5-1, the 5-2 that constitute by impedance components such as resistors ..., 5-n and capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... the series circuit of 6-n along polarity ground by each diode 3-1,3-2 ..., 3-n is parallel-connected to respectively on the lead-out terminal of this full-wave rectifying circuit 2.
Above-mentioned each variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the grid of 4-n control MOS type FET, the bias voltage between source electrode, in the unsaturation zone, drive it, realize thus its function as variable resistance, therefore only be controlled to and passing through drive circuit 7-1,7-2 respectively ... corresponding capacitor 6-1, the 6-2 of 7-n charging ... during the 6-n, with impedance Control is finite value, in during beyond it, impedance is infinitely great.
Driving power 8-1,8-2 ... 8-n is connected respectively to above-mentioned each drive circuit 7-1,7-2 ... on the 7-n.Above-mentioned each input current detects electric current 5-1,5-2 ... the both end voltage of 5-n is input to above-mentioned each drive circuit 7-1,7-2 ... among the 7-n.Above-mentioned each drive circuit 7-1,7-2 ... 7-n and each driving power 8-1,8-2 ... the base potential of 8-n becomes each capacitor 6-1,6-2 respectively ... the charging voltage of 6-n.
Above-mentioned each drive circuit 7-1,7-2 ... 7-n is made of impedance Control unit and amplitude control unit.Specifically, among Fig. 2, drive current 7-1 is made of impedance Control unit 7-11 and amplitude control unit 7-12, and impedance Control unit 7-11 is made of drive current 11, first error amplifier 12 of drive controlling variable resistance 4-1.Above-mentioned amplitude control unit 7-12 is made of voltage detecting circuit 15, second error amplifier 16 of multiplier 13, input current desired value initialization circuit 14, corresponding capacitor 6-1.
In above-mentioned input current desired value initialization circuit 14, set the sinusoidal waveform data that are used to set the input current desired value, its sinusoidal waveform data are offered above-mentioned multiplier 13.Resistor voltage divider circuit 17 is parallel-connected on the above-mentioned capacitor 6-1, by the dividing point voltage of output circuit 18 output resistance bleeder circuits 17.Like this, input circuit 19 is input in the above-mentioned voltage detecting circuit 15 after obtaining output from above-mentioned output circuit 18.The relation of above-mentioned output circuit 18 and input circuit 19 for example is the relation of light-emitting diode and phototransistor in the photoelectrical coupler, and input circuit 19 insulation also obtain output signal from output circuit 18.
Above-mentioned voltage detecting circuit 15 offers this detection output the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of above-mentioned second error amplifier 16 by the charging voltage from the above-mentioned capacitor 6-1 of the input of input circuit 19.On the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned second error amplifier 16, apply the reference voltage V ref that sets the charging voltage desired value.
Above-mentioned second error amplifier 16 is compared charging voltage and the reference voltage V ref of the capacitor 6-1 that voltage detecting circuit 15 detects, and the voltage signal corresponding with its difference offered above-mentioned multiplier 13.Above-mentioned multiplier 13 is according to the amplitude of controlling from the voltage signal of second error amplifier 16 from the sinusoidal waveform data of above-mentioned input current desired value initialization circuit 14.
Promptly, when the charging voltage of capacitor 6-1 is lower than reference voltage V ref, multiplier 13 increases control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 14 according to the voltage signal from second error amplifier 16, when the charging voltage of capacitor 6-1 was higher than reference voltage V ref, multiplier 13 reduced control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 14 according to the voltage signal from second error amplifier 16.
The output of above-mentioned multiplier 13 offers the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of first error amplifier 12.The output of above-mentioned input current testing circuit 5-1 offers the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of above-mentioned first error amplifier 12.
Above-mentioned first error amplifier 12 is compared the output of multiplier 13 and the output of input current testing circuit 5-1, drives above-mentioned drive circuit 11 according to difference, and drive circuit 11 is according to the impedance of the variable control variable resistance 4-1 of difference.Though Fig. 2 is described the formation of drive circuit 7-1, it also is the same constituting in other drive circuit 7-2～7-n.
Though it is not shown here, but above-mentioned each capacitor 6-1,6-1 ... 6-n is connected in the load by switching circuit and polarity inversion circuit respectively, by making each switching circuit open and close action in turn, by polarity inversion circuit with each capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... the charging voltage of 6-n offers load in turn, but the AC driving load.
In this formation, be controlled to when the output voltage of full-wave rectifying circuit 2 rises, by corresponding respectively drive circuit 7-1,7-2 ... 7-n is in turn with each variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... 4-n becomes the impedance of regulation, by each variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... 4-n flows through the input current of expectation, and each capacitor 6-1,6-2 charge respectively ... 6-n.
That is, at first, the impedance of variable resistance 4-1 is controlled to be the anti-value of regulation sun and flows through charging current to capacitor 6-1 from infinity, the impedance of control variable resistance 4-1 makes charging current become the input current as the desired value setting.In addition, when equaling the charging voltage of capacitor 6-2 of subordinate from the input voltage of full-wave rectifying circuit 2, the impedance Control of variable resistance 4-1 is infinitely great and stops capacitor 6-1 is charged, replace, the impedance of variable resistance 4-2 is controlled to be the resistance value of regulation from infinity, and begins capacitor 6-2 is charged.In addition, the impedance of control variable resistance 4-2 makes charging current become the input current of setting as desired value.
Like this, from the input voltage waveform of full-wave rectifier 2 between the rising stage, variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the impedance of 4-n regularly switches to finite value from infinity with regulation, and variable control group is also carried out in turn to each electric capacity 6-1,6-2 ... the charging of 6-n.
Between input voltage waveform decrement phase from full-wave rectifier 2, if the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n equals input voltage, then the impedance at variable resistance 4-n switches to the infinitely-great while, the impedance of variable resistance 4-(n-1) switches to finite value, replaces beginning to charge to capacitor 6-(n-1) to capacitor 6-n.In to capacitor 6-(n-1) charging process, carry out the control of the impedance minimizing of variable resistance 4-(n-1), the control input current.
By carrying out this control, become and the input voltage waveform sine wave of phase place much at one from the input current waveform of full-wave rectifier 2.Thus, can fully suppress the high fdrequency component in the input current, improve power factor.
When carrying out this control,, there are capacitor 6-1,6-2 because load changes ... the situation that the charging voltage of 6-n is low or higher than desired value.For example, capacitor 6-1,6-2 appear ... the charging voltage of 6-n is during than the low situation of desired value, drive circuit 7-1,7-2 ... the voltage detecting circuit 15 of 7-n detects it respectively, and second error amplifier 16 will be compared as the reference voltage V ref and the detection voltage of charging voltage desired value.Its error outputs in the multiplier 13.Multiplier 13 is by output increases control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 14 from the error of second error amplifier 16.
The input current of the desired value that first error amplifier 12 is big with amplitude and input current testing circuit 5-1,5-2 ... the actual input current that 5-n detects is compared, and its error output offers drive circuit 11.Drive circuit 11 control variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the impedance of 4-n, the input current of feasible reality is near the input current of desired value.Thus, capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... when the charging voltage of 6-n is lower than desired value, control variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the impedance of 4-n makes at capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... flow through many charging currents among the 6-n, with capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... the charging voltage of 6-n is controlled to be desired value.
Capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... when the charging voltage of 6-n is higher than desired value, on the contrary, control variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the impedance of 4-n makes at capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... flow through fewer charging current among the 6-n, with capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... the charging voltage of 6-n is controlled to be desired value.
Load like this, in time changes capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... the charging voltage of 6-n also always is controlled as desired value and becomes constant.Thus, even load changes, also can make the voltage stabilisation that offers load.
Second embodiment
The part identical with embodiment first embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
As shown in Figure 3, the reference potential of entire circuit is provided with input current desired value initialization circuit 141, offers multiplier 13-1,13-2 respectively from the sinusoidal waveform data as the input current of desired value of input current desired value initialization circuit 141 ...In addition, from each multiplier 13-1,13-2 ... output respectively by level shift circuit 20-1,20-2 ... offer the first error amplifier 12-1,12-2 ... non-counter-rotating input terminal (+).
Promptly, in this supply unit, drive circuit 11-1,11-2 ... and the first error amplifier 12-1,12-2 ... base potential be respectively each capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... charging voltage, voltage detecting circuit 15-1,15-2 ... and the second error amplifier 16-1,16-2 ... base potential become current potential as negative terminal in the lead-out terminal of the full-wave rectifying circuit 2 of entire circuit reference potential.Therefore, need to use level shift circuit 20-1,20-2 ... come the level of mobile base potential with each capacitor.Voltage detecting circuit 15-1,15-2 ... constitute from capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... detect direct voltage.
In the supply unit of this formation, load variations and capacitor 6-1,6-2 are appearring ... charging voltage when lower than desired value, voltage detecting circuit 15-1,15-2 ... it is detected the second error amplifier 16-1,16-2 ... compare reference voltage V ref1, Vref2 as the charging voltage desired value ... with detection voltage.And, its error is outputed to multiplier 13-1,13-2 ... in.Multiplier 13-1,13-2 ... by from the second error amplifier 16-1,16-2 ... error output increase control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 141.From multiplier 13-1,13-2 ... output by level shift circuit 20-1,20-2 ... carry out being input to the first error amplifier 12-1,12-2 after level moves ... in.
The first error amplifier 12-1,12-2 ... the input current and input current output circuit 5-1, the 5-2 that compare the big desired value of amplitude change ... detected actual input current offers drive circuit 11-1,11-2 with its error output ...Drive circuit 11-1,11-2 ... control variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... impedance, make the input current of actual input current near desired value.Thus, at capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... charging voltage when lower than desired value, control variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... impedance make at capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... in flow through more charging current, with capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... charging voltage be controlled to desired value.
If capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... charging voltage than desired value height, at this moment, on the contrary, control variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... impedance make at capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... in flow through fewer charging current, with capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... charging voltage be controlled to desired value.
Therefore, present embodiment is the same with the foregoing description, even load changes, and capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... charging voltage also always controlled for desired value becomes constantly, make the voltage stabilisation that offers load.But input current desired value initialization circuit 141 generalizations.
The 3rd embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first and second embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and explanation is omitted.
As shown in Figure 4, in n capacitor, directly detect the charging voltage of the highest capacitor 6-n of target voltage values, its detection is input in the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of second error amplifier 161 by voltage detecting circuit 151.The reference voltage V refn that sets the charging voltage desired value of capacitor 6-n is input in the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned second error amplifier 161.
Above-mentioned second error amplifier 161 is compared charging voltage and the reference voltage V refn of the capacitor 6-n that voltage detecting circuit 151 detects, and the voltage signal corresponding with difference offered multiplier 131.Above-mentioned multiplier 131 is according to the amplitude of controlling from the voltage signal of second error amplifier 161 from the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142.
Promptly, refn compares with reference voltage V, when the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is hanged down, multiplier 131 increases control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142 according to the voltage signal from second error amplifier 161, refn compares with reference voltage V, when the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n was high, multiplier 131 reduced control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142 according to the voltage signal from second error amplifier 161.And, pass through level shift circuit 20-n, 20-(n-1) respectively from the output of multiplier 131 ... offer the first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... non-counter-rotating input terminal (+).
Promptly, pass through supply unit, drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) ... and the first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... base potential be respectively each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... charging voltage, the base potential of the voltage detecting circuit 151 and second error amplifier 161 becomes the current potential as negative terminal in the input terminal of the full-wave rectifying circuit 2 of the reference potential of entire circuit.And, need to use level shift circuit 20-n, 20-(n-1) ... the base potential level of each capacitor is moved.
In the supply unit of this formation, when the charging voltage that load variations and capacitor 6-n occur is lower than desired value, voltage detecting circuit 151 detects it, and second error amplifier 161 is relatively as the reference voltage V refn of charging voltage desired value with detect voltage.And, its error is outputed in the multiplier 131.Multiplier 131 is by output increases control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142 from the error of second error amplifier 161.Level shift circuit 20-n, 20-(n-1) are passed through in output from multiplier 131 respectively ... carry out being input to after level moves the first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... in.
The first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... the input current and input current output circuit 5-n, the 5-(n-1) that compare the big desired value of amplitude change ... detected actual input current offers drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) with its error output ...Drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) ... control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... impedance, make the input current of actual input current near desired value.Thus, when the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is lower than desired value, control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... impedance make at capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... in flow through more charging current, the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is controlled to desired value.
If the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is than desired value height, at this moment, on the contrary, control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... impedance make at capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... in flow through fewer charging current, the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is controlled to desired value.
Therefore,, constitute the charging voltage that detects the capacitor 6-n that also the controlled target magnitude of voltage is the highest, its foundation is described by present embodiment.For example, consider to detect the charging voltage of the capacitor 6-n capacitor 6-(n-1) in addition that also the controlled target magnitude of voltage is the highest.When the charging voltage of capacitor is lower than target voltage values, increase the control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142, thus, carry out such control: charging current increases, condenser voltage rises, and charging voltage is near desired value.
Capacitor beyond the capacitor that detects charging voltage is carried out this control too.And the capacitor 6-n the highest to target voltage values carries out, and the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n rises.But the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is the peak value height of the output voltage of full-wave rectifying circuit 2 unlike supply voltage.
On the other hand, the condition of this circuit is to constitute variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... MOS type FET be to move in the unsaturation zone in active zone, apply the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n and the potential difference of supply voltage for variable resistance 4-n corresponding to the highest capacitor 6-n of target voltage values, when this potential difference diminished, the action of MOS type FET was close to the zone of saturation from the unsaturation zone.And, become switch motion.When MOS type FET carried out switch motion, input current became the waveform behind the differential-input voltage, the mains voltage waveform shown in relative Fig. 5 (a), and input current waveform becomes the distorted waveform that peak value partly is cut off shown in Fig. 5 (b).
Like this, during the charging voltage of the capacitor 6-(n-1) beyond detecting the capacitor 6-n that also the controlled target magnitude of voltage is the highest, just produce the problem of the unsmooth variation of input current.In this, when detecting the charging voltage of the capacitor 6-n that also the controlled target magnitude of voltage is the highest, the MOS type FET that does not worry constituting corresponding to the variable resistance 4-n of the highest capacitor 6-n of target voltage values carries out switch motion, can always in the unsaturation zone, move, and, can be always smoothly Continuous Flow cross input current.
In the present embodiment, as supply voltage from the input voltage waveform of full-wave rectifying circuit 2 between the rising stage, if the voltage of certain capacitor is not equal to input voltage, then the impedance with the variable resistance of correspondence switches to finite value and begins the charging of this capacitor from infinity.Between input voltage waveform decrement phase,, when equaling input voltage, the charging voltage of this capacitor stops if the charging voltage of preceding 1 capacitor equals the charging that input voltage then begins certain capacitor from full-wave rectifying circuit 2.Flow through input current serially by between each capacitor, carrying out this control continuously.But input current desired value initialization circuit 142, voltage detecting circuit 151, second error amplifier 161, multiplier 131 generalizations, but simplified structure.
The 4th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first to the 3rd embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
As shown in Figure 6, select circuit 21 to detect n capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) by first by voltage detecting circuit 151 ... charging voltage.Be provided for setting each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... reference voltage V refn, the Vref (n-1) of charging voltage desired value ... Vref1 selects circuit 22 each reference voltage to be offered the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of second error amplifier 161 by second.To select signal S to be input to above-mentioned respectively the selection in the circuit 21,22, detect the switching of capacitor of charging voltage and the switching of reference voltage.That is, select, make and when detecting the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n, set reference voltage V refn, when detecting the charging voltage of capacitor 6-(n-1), set reference voltage V ref (n-1) according to capacitor and reference voltage.Other formation and above-mentioned the 3rd embodiment are basic identical.
In the supply unit of this formation, for example, under the state of the charging voltage detection of selecting capacitor 6-n by selection signal S and reference voltage V refn, change and the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n when lower in load than desired value, voltage detecting circuit 151 detects it, and second error amplifier 161 will and detect voltage as the reference voltage V refn of the desired value of charging voltage and compare.Its error is outputed in the multiplier 131.Multiplier 131 is by output increases control from the amplitude of the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142 from the error of second error amplifier 161.Level shift circuit 20-n, 20-(n-1) are passed through in output from multiplier 131 respectively ... carry out level and move, and be input to the first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... in.
The first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... amplitude is become input current and input current output circuit 5-n, the 5-(n-1) of big desired value ... detected actual input current is compared, and its error output is offered drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) ...Drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) ... control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ..., the input current of feasible reality is near the input current of desired value.Thus, when the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n is lower than desired value, control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... impedance, make no matter at capacitor 6-n still at other capacitor 6-(n-1) ... in flow through more charging current.
But, for other capacitor 6-(n-1) ..., owing to directly do not detect charging voltage, so, still can worry the charging voltage value of departing from objectives.In this, in the present embodiment, by selecting signal S, therefore selection reference voltage Vref (n-1) when detecting the charging voltage of next capacitor 6-(n-1), this time, directly detects the charging voltage of capacitor 6-(n-1).And the charging voltage of capacitor 6-(n-1) is controlled to be desired value.
Therefore, in the capacitor of order change detection charging voltage, set reference voltage accordingly with it.Thus, can make the charging voltage of each capacitor really near desired value.That is, the charging voltage of each capacitor can be controlled to be desired value really and become constant.
And present embodiment is the same with the foregoing description, capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... charging voltage even load variations etc. takes place, also can always be controlled to be desired value and become constant, the voltage stabilisation that provides to load can be provided, and simultaneously, input current can become sinusoidal wave shape.
The 5th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first to fourth embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
As shown in Figure 7, circuit as the charging voltage that detects capacitor, by obtaining each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... charging voltage, use the average voltage output circuit 152 of its mean value of output, will offer the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of second error amplifier 161 from the output of average voltage output circuit 152.As reference voltage, be provided with and set each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... the mean value reference voltage V refav of mean value of charging voltage desired value, this mean value reference voltage V refav offers the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned second error amplifier 161.
Like this, obtain each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) by average voltage output circuit 152 ... the formation of charging voltage mean value, for example because load variations, when the mean value of charging voltage became subaverage reference voltage V refav, second error amplifier 161 offered multiplier 131 with its difference.Thus, multiplier 131 increases the amplitude from the sinusoidal waveform data of the input current of input current desired value initialization circuit 142, and each level shift circuit 20-n, 20-(n-1) are provided ... offer each the first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) respectively ...
And, in the present embodiment, when the charging voltage mean value of each capacitor is lower than desired value, control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... impedance make and in each capacitor, flow through than multi-charging current.If the charging voltage mean value of each capacitor is higher than desired value, then control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) on the contrary ... impedance make and in each capacitor, flow through less charging current.
And, in the present embodiment, identical with the foregoing description, even load variations etc. takes place, also can be with capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... charging voltage always be controlled to be desired value and become constantly, the voltage stabilisation that provides to load can be provided, simultaneously, input current becomes sinusoidal wave shape.
The 6th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first to the 5th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
Present embodiment replaces the average voltage output circuit 152 of the 5th embodiment with circuit shown in Figure 8.This circuit constitutes in the capacitor of difference maximum of the charging voltage desired value that detects control and capacitor and uses.Other structure is identical with the 5th embodiment.
That is, each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ..., 6-1 charging voltage be input to difference detector 23-n, 23-(n-1) respectively ..., 23-1 a side input terminal on be input to simultaneously in the controlled voltage selector 26.Be used to set reference voltage V refn, the Vref (n-1) of each capacitor desired value ... Vref1 offers above-mentioned each difference detector 23-n, 23-(n-1) ..., 23-1 the opposing party's input terminal, offer target voltage selector 27 simultaneously.
Above-mentioned each difference detector 23-n, 23-(n-1) ..., 23-1 detects capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ..., 6-1 charging voltage and reference voltage V refn, Vref (n-1) ... Vref1's is poor, with its detect output offer respectively absolute value detector 24-n, 24-(n-1) ... 24-1.Above-mentioned each absolute value detector 24-n, 24-(n-1) ... 24-1 detects the absolute value of difference, and its output is offered maximum value detector 25.Above-mentioned maximum value detector 25 detects the maximum of absolute value, selection offers above-mentioned controlled voltage selector 26 corresponding to the selection signal of its peaked capacitor, simultaneously, will select selection signal to offer above-mentioned target voltage selector 27 corresponding to its peaked reference voltage.
Above-mentioned controlled voltage selector 26 is by selecting each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) from the selection signal of above-mentioned maximum value detector 25 ..., 6-1 a charging voltage and be input in the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of second error amplifier 161.Above-mentioned target voltage selector 27 by from the selection signal of above-mentioned maximum value detector 25 from reference voltage V refn, Vref (n-1) ... select corresponding to the reference voltage of selecting capacitor among the Vref1 and be input in the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned second error amplifier 161.
In this formation, because load variations, each capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ..., 6-1 charging voltage change.Difference detector 23-n, 23-(n-1) ..., 23-1 detects capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) respectively ..., the charging voltage of 6-1 and reference voltage V refn, the Vref (n-1) of target setting value ... Vref1's is poor, then, absolute value detector 24-n, 24-(n-1) ... 24-1 detects the absolute value of difference, and maximum value detector 25 detects the maximum of absolute value.That is the maximum capacitor of difference of maximum value detector 25 detection reference voltage and charging voltage.Maximum value detector 25 will select the selection signal of the charging voltage of the maximum capacitor of difference to offer controlled voltage selector 26, simultaneously, will select the selection signal corresponding to the reference voltage of the maximum capacitor of difference to offer target voltage selector 27.
Thus, second error amplifier 161 is obtained differing from of the charging voltage of the maximum capacitor of difference and corresponding reference voltage and is offered multiplier 131.Multiplier 131 is by controlling the amplitude from the sinusoidal waveform data of input current desired value initialization circuit 142 from the error output of second error amplifier 161.Level shift circuit 20-n, 20-(n-1) are passed through in output from multiplier 131 respectively ... carry out level and move, be input to the first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) then ... in.
The first error amplifier 12-n, 12-(n-1) ... input current and input current output circuit 5-n, the detected actual input current of 5-(n-1) of controlling the desired value of amplitude are compared, its error output is offered drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) ...Drive circuit 11-n, 11-(n-1) ... control variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... impedance make the input current of actual input current near desired value.Thus, the charging voltage with the capacitor of correspondence is controlled near desired value.
Present embodiment is identical with the foregoing description, even load variations etc. takes place, capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ... charging voltage also can always be controlled as desired value and become constantly, can make the voltage stabilisation that offers load, simultaneously, input current can be changed into sinusoidal wave shape.
The 7th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first to the 6th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
As shown in Figure 9, present embodiment ratio detector 28-n, 28-(n-1) ... 28-1 replaces difference detector 23-n, the 23-(n-1) of the 6th embodiment ..., 23-1, with and 1 difference detector 29-n, 29-(n-1) ... 29-1 replace absolute value detector 24-n, 24-(n-1) ... 24-1.
This circuit constitutes: by above-mentioned ratio detector 28-n, 28-(n-1) ... after 28-1 detects the ratio of the charging voltage of capacitor and desired value, by with 1 difference detector 29-n, 29-(n-1) ... 29-1 detects the absolute value of the difference of detected ratio and 1, detect the absolute value maximum of the difference of detected and 1 by maximum value detector 25, make charging voltage near the control of desired value in the charging voltage and the desired value of use this detected capacitor.For example, when detected ratio is 0.5 and 1.2 etc., obtain | 0.5-1|=0.5, | 1.2-1|=0.2 etc., maximum value detector 25 judges 0.5＞0.2.
Like this, the absolute value maximum of the difference of the charging voltage of detection capacitor and the ratio of desired value and 1, go forward side by side and exercise of the control of the charging voltage of capacitor near desired value, same with the foregoing description, even load variations etc. takes place, always with capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ..., 6-1 charging voltage be controlled to be desired value and become constantly, can make the voltage stabilisation that offers load, simultaneously, input current can be changed into sinusoidal wave shape.
The 8th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first to the 7th embodiment used same-sign, and detailed description is omitted.
The structure of drive circuit 7-1 as shown in Figure 10, present embodiment shows the variation of above-mentioned first embodiment.That is, the resistor voltage divider circuit 31 that on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifying circuit 2, is connected in parallel, the dividing point voltage of this resistor voltage divider circuit 31 is by output circuit 32 outputs.
On the other hand, voltage detection circuit 33 is set in amplitude control unit 7-12, receives and offer above-mentioned voltage detection circuit 33 by input circuit 34 from the output of above-mentioned output circuit 32.The relation of above-mentioned output circuit 32 and input circuit 34 for example is the relation of light-emitting diode and phototransistor in the photoelectrical coupler, and input circuit 34 insulation also obtain output signal from output circuit 32.
Above-mentioned voltage detection circuit 33 detects supply voltage by output circuit 32, input circuit 34, according to detected supply voltage, changes the reference voltage V ref of the desired value of setting charging voltage.Here, though the formation of drive circuit 7-1 is illustrated, the formation of other drive circuit 7-2～7-n is also identical.
In this formation, from the input voltage waveform of full-wave rectifier 2 between the rising stage, variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the impedance of 4-n switches to finite value with predetermined timing from infinity, and, impedance is carried out variable control also in turn to each capacitor 6-1,6-2 ..., 6-n charges.
Between input voltage waveform decrement phase from full-wave rectifier 2, if the charging voltage of the capacitor of prime equals input voltage, then the impedance with the variable resistance of correspondence switches to infinity, simultaneously, the impedance of the variable resistance of next stage switches to finite value, the capacitor that replaces prime begins the capacitor charging to next stage.And, be controlled to capacitor is charged among the impedance of corresponding variable resistance reduce the control input current.
By carrying out this control, become almost and the synchronous sine wave of input voltage waveform from the input current waveform of full-wave rectifier 2.Like this, can improve the power factor of abundant inhibition input current medium-high frequency component.
When carrying out this control, exist load to change and capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ..., 6-1 charging voltage be below or above the situation of desired value.In this case, with capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) ..., 6-1 charging voltage be controlled to be desired value.Therefore, even load variations etc., capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) take place ..., 6-1 charging voltage also always be controlled as desired value and become constantly, also can make the voltage stabilisation that offers load even load variations etc. takes place.
When mains voltage variations, voltage detection circuit 33 detects its variation by output circuit 32 and input circuit 34.Change variable reference voltage Vref according to it.That is, when supply voltage was higher than rated voltage, voltage detection circuit 33 improved reference voltage V ref, and when supply voltage was lower than the voltage of desired value, voltage detection circuit 33 reduced reference voltage V ref.
Thus, reduce to constitute variable resistance 4-1,4-2 ... the load voltage of the MOS type FET of 4-n and suppress circuit loss.Can avoid not flowing through the situation of input current, flow through input current serially.
The 9th embodiment
Represent with same-sign that with the identical part of above-mentioned first to the 8th embodiment detailed description is omitted.
As shown in figure 11, present embodiment shows the variation of above-mentioned the 3rd embodiment.Promptly, the resistor voltage divider circuit of being made up of the series circuit of resistance 35 and 36 37 is parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifying circuit 2, capacitor 38 is parallel-connected on the resistance 36 of resistor voltage divider circuit 37, the tie point of resistance 35 and 36 is connected on the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of second error amplifier 161.That is, the parallel circuits output mean value voltage by resistance 36 and capacitor 38 replaces being used to setting the reference voltage V refn of desired value of the charging voltage of capacitor 6-n with mean value voltage.
In this constituted, supply voltage when beginning to change, was pro rata set the desired value of charging voltage with it from specified.Thus, the charging voltage of capacitor and the relation of supply voltage become the always satisfied condition that is used to improve charge efficiency, can not lose variation efficient.When supply voltage rises, if the control that improves condenser voltage then reduces to constitute variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... MOS type FET load voltage and suppress circuit loss.When supply voltage descends,, then can avoid not flowing through the situation of input current, but Continuous Flow is crossed input current if reduce the control of condenser voltage.In the present embodiment and other embodiment same, even load variations etc., capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) take place ... charging voltage also always be controlled as desired value and become constantly, can make the voltage stabilisation that offers load.
The tenth embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned first to the 9th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
As shown in figure 12, present embodiment shows the variation of above-mentioned second embodiment.That is, the resistor voltage divider circuit of being made up of the series circuit of (n+2) individual resistance 40 is parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifying circuit 2, and in (n+2) individual resistance of this resistor voltage divider circuit 40, capacitor 41 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of n resistance.And (n+1) each tie point of individual resistance is connected to n the second error amplifier 16-1,16-2 in turn by the low order of voltage ... non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) on.Thereby in this circuit, (n+1) each tie point voltage of individual resistance replaces being used to set each capacitor 6-1,6-2 ... reference voltage V ref1, the Vref2 of charging voltage desired value ...
In this constitutes, when beginning to change, set each capacitor 6-1,6-2 pro rata from specified with it at supply voltage ... the desired value of charging voltage.Thus, the charging voltage of each capacitor and the relation of supply voltage become the always satisfied condition that is used to improve charge efficiency, can not lose variation efficient.When supply voltage rises, if the control that improves condenser voltage then reduces to constitute variable resistance 4-n, 4-(n-1) ... MOS type FET load voltage and suppress circuit loss.When supply voltage descends,, then can avoid not flowing through the situation of input current, but Continuous Flow is crossed input current if reduce the control of condenser voltage.In the present embodiment and other embodiment same, even load variations etc., capacitor 6-n, 6-(n-1) take place ... charging voltage also always be controlled as desired value and become constantly, can make the voltage stabilisation that offers load.
Below, for second the present invention, the 11st to the 18th embodiment is described with reference to figures 13 to Figure 30.In the explanation of the 11st to the 18th embodiment and the symbol in the drawing of Figure 13 to Figure 30 be applicable to the 11st to the 18th embodiment.
The 11st embodiment
As shown in figure 13, n switch 12-1, the 12-2 that forms by FET (field-effect transistor) etc. respectively ... the end of 12-n is connected to n direct voltage source 11-1, the 11-2 that different positive voltage value takes place ... on the positive terminal of 11-n.Above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n constitutes switching circuit.Above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n is connected on the end of polarity inversion circuit 13.
Above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit 13 is made of 4 switch 14-1,14-2,14-3, the 14-4 that FET etc. forms.That is, the series circuit of the series circuit of switch 14-1 and switch 14-2 and switch 14-3 and switch 14-4 is connected in parallel, and the end of above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n is connected on the end of above-mentioned switch 14-1,14-3.
The other end of above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit 13 is that above-mentioned switch 14-2,144 the other end are connected on the negative terminal of above-mentioned each direct voltage source 11-1～11-n.Lamp current detector 16 by compositions such as low resistances is connected discharge lamp 15 between the tie point of the tie point of switch 14-1 and switch 14-2 in the above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit 13 and switch 14-3 and switch 14-4.
Above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n selects ground switch repeatedly in turn by drive circuit 17, select a ground in turn and take out dc voltage value from above-mentioned each current/voltage source 11-1～11-n, the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value outputs in the above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit 13.Above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit 13 is mutual opening of switch 14-1,14-4 and opening of switch 14-2,14-3 repeatedly in each cycle of the perseveration of above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n, and the voltage waveform of stepped voltage for example is provided to discharge lamp 15 with the high frequency of tens of KHz.
Above-mentioned lamp current detector 16 detected discharge lamp electric currents offer effective value transducer 18.Above-mentioned effective value transducer 18 is transformed into the voltage according to the effective value of discharge lamp electric current by obtaining lamp current detector 16 detected discharge lamp electric currents, and its effective value voltage offers the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of error amplifier 19.The voltage Vref that is equivalent to the rated value of discharge lamp current effective value offers the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned error amplifier 19.
Above-mentioned error amplifier 19 will be compared with the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value from the effective value voltage of effective value transducer 18, and output is used to make effective value voltage near the feedback signal that is equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value.Offer the ON/OFF timing control part 21 of controller 20 from the feedback signal of above-mentioned error amplifier 19.
Above-mentioned ON/OFF timing control part 21 determines the timing of above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n of drive circuit 17 open and close by the feedback signal from error amplifier 19 and timing signal is offered the drive signal generating unit 22 of same controller 20.
Above-mentioned drive signal generating unit 22 is obtained clock signal from clock generating unit 23, makes by the drive signal of the timing of above-mentioned ON/OFF timing control part 21 decisions and clock signal synchronously and offer above-mentioned drive circuit 17.Thus, above-mentioned drive circuit 17 makes each switch 12-1～12-n timing in accordance with regulations select a ground in turn to start work, makes effective value voltage near the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value.Like this, fixedly comprise the frequency of stepped voltage waveform that offers the zero voltage value of discharge lamp 15 from polarity inversion circuit 13 by the clock signal of coming self-clock generating unit 23.
The drive signal that controller 20 is controlled each switch 12-1～12-n with switch outputs in the drive circuit 17, make from the effective value voltage of effective value transducer 18 with the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value about equally the time, the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value shown in Figure 14 (b) offers discharge lamp 15 from polarity inversion circuit 13.
The drive signal that controller 20 is controlled each switch 12-1～12-n with switch outputs in the drive circuit 17, make to be equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value when low in the effective value voltage ratio from effective value transducer 18, the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value shown in Figure 14 (a) offers discharge lamp 15 from polarity inversion circuit 13.That is, controller 20 carries out such control: the high-voltage value in the stepped voltage waveform, and output time is long more, comprises the low voltage value of zero voltage value, and output time is short more.
The drive signal that controller 20 is controlled each switch 12-1～12-n with switch outputs in the drive circuit 17, make to be equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value when high in the effective value voltage ratio from effective value transducer 18, the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value shown in Figure 14 (c) offers discharge lamp 15 from polarity inversion circuit 13.That is, controller 20 carries out such control: in the stepped voltage waveform, magnitude of voltage is high more, and output time is short more, and the magnitude of voltage that comprises zero voltage value is low more, and output time is long more.
By carrying out such control, the discharge lamp electric current that flows in the discharge lamp 15 is controlled as its effective value and becomes constantly, and therefore, the discharge lamp electric current that flows in discharge lamp 15 is stablized by current limliting.That is, do not use coil assemblies such as coil, but stable discharging lamp 15 and make its illumination, but small-sized, the lightweight of implement device.
By this control, control the time that zero voltage value is provided to discharge lamp 15, therefore, can enlarge the control range of the effective value of the service voltage of being got.
As other control, controller 20 output switches are controlled the drive signal of each switch 12-1～12-n, making about equally the time, is providing the stepped voltage waveform shown in Figure 15 (b) by each switch 12-1～12-n to polarity inversion circuit 13 from the effective value voltage of effective value transducer 18 and the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value.
Controller 20 carries out such control: be equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value when low in the effective value voltage ratio from effective value transducer 18, by each switch 12-1～12-n in the time that polarity inversion circuit 13 applies the zero voltage value shown in Figure 15 (a) is constant stepped voltage waveform, high-voltage value, output time is long more, low voltage value, output time is short more.
Controller 20 carries out such control: be equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value when high in the effective value voltage ratio from effective value transducer 18, by each switch 12-1～12-n in the time that polarity inversion circuit 13 applies the zero voltage value shown in Figure 15 (a) is constant stepped voltage waveform, high-voltage value, output time is long more, low voltage value, output time is short more.
Carry out this control, the discharge lamp electric current that flows through in discharge lamp 15 is stablized by current limliting.By this control, constant to always becoming during discharge lamp 15 power supplies, therefore, the luminous efficiency of discharge lamp improves, and can suppress from the radiation noise of discharge lamp radiation.
The 12nd embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 11st embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.
As shown in figure 16, use n direct voltage source 31-1,31-2 of de novo different negative value ... 31-n connects respectively n switch 32-1,32-2 being made up of FET (field-effect transistor) etc. on the negative terminal of this direct voltage source 31-1～31-n ... the end of 32-n.Each switch 12-1～12-n constitutes first switching circuit, and above-mentioned each switch 32-1～32n constitutes the second switch circuit.
Under the situation of not using polarity inversion circuit 13, the other end of above-mentioned each switch 12-1～12-n and the other end of above-mentioned each 32-1～32-n are connected on the end of discharge lamp 15.The other end of above-mentioned discharge lamp 15 is connected on the positive terminal of the negative terminal of direct voltage source 11-1～11-n and above-mentioned each direct voltage source 31-1～31-n by lamp current detector 16.In addition, other formation is identical with the foregoing description.
In this formation, the drive signal that controller 20 is controlled each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n with switch outputs in the drive circuit 17, make from the effective value voltage of effective value transducer 18 and the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value about equally the time, provide to discharge lamp 15 by each switch switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n to comprise the stepped voltage waveform that comprises zero voltage value shown in Figure 14 (b) or Figure 15 (b).
The drive signal that controller 20 is controlled each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n with switch outputs in the drive circuit 17, make to be equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value when low, provide the stepped voltage waveform that comprises zero voltage value shown in Figure 14 (a) or Figure 15 (a) to discharge lamp 15 by each switch switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n in effective value voltage ratio from effective value transducer 18.That is, carry out such control: the high-voltage value in stepped voltage waveform, output time is long more, comprises the low voltage value of zero voltage value, and output time is short more, and perhaps the output time of zero voltage value is fixed, and magnitude of voltage is low more, and output time is short more.
The drive signal that controller 20 is controlled each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n with switch outputs in the drive circuit 17, make to be equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value when high, provide the stepped voltage waveform that comprises zero voltage value shown in Figure 14 (c) or Figure 15 (c) to discharge lamp 15 by each switch switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n in effective value voltage ratio from effective value transducer 18.That is, carry out such control: in stepped voltage waveform, magnitude of voltage is high more, and output time is short more, and the magnitude of voltage that comprises zero voltage value is low more, and output time is long more, and perhaps the output time of zero voltage value is fixed, and magnitude of voltage is low more, and output time is long more.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, being controlled at the discharge lamp electric current that flows through in the discharge lamp 15, to make that its effective value becomes constant, and the discharge lamp electric current that flows through in discharge lamp 15 is stablized by current limliting.Therefore, the same with the foregoing description, but small-sized, the lightweight of implement device.
In the present embodiment, if carry out the control of stepped voltage waveform as shown in Figure 14, then can enlarge the control range of the service voltage effective value of being got.If carry out the control of stepped voltage waveform as shown in Figure 15, then can improve luminous efficiency, can suppress to radiate noise.
The 13rd embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 11st to the 12nd embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.As shown in figure 17, replace direct voltage source 11-1～11-n among above-mentioned the 11st embodiment with capacitor.
Promptly, the input terminal of full-wave rectifier 42 is connected on the commercial ac power source 41, capacitor 44-1,44-2 ... 44-n is variable resistance 43-1, the 43-2 by being made up of FET (field-effect transistor) respectively ... 43-n is connected respectively on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 42.Respectively by switch 12-1,12-2 ... 12-n is connected to polarity inversion circuit 13 on above-mentioned each capacitor 44-1～44-n.
Above-mentioned each variable resistance 43-1～43-n realizes the function as variable resistance at unsaturation zone driving FET, therefore, only be controlled to during the corresponding capacitor 44-1～44-n of charging respectively, impedance becomes finite value, during outside this, impedance becomes infinity.Impedance when above-mentioned each variable resistance 43-1～43-n becomes each capacitor 44-1 of control charging～44-n makes make peace the greatly input current of the proportional waveform of commercial AC-input voltage flow into from above-mentioned full-wave rectifier 42.
At the absolute value of the supply voltage of commercial ac power source 41 between the rising stage, when equaling the absolute value of commercial ac power source voltage, the voltage of certain capacitor begins the charging of this capacitor, when equaling the absolute value of commercial ac power source voltage, the voltage of subordinate's capacitor stops, between the absolute value decrement phase of the supply voltage of commercial ac power source 41, when the voltage of preceding 1 capacitor equals the absolute value of commercial ac power source voltage, begin the charging of certain capacitor, when charging voltage equals the absolute value of commercial ac power source voltage, stop.Other formation is identical with above-mentioned the 12nd embodiment.
In this constitutes, control each variable resistance 43-1～43-n according to the variation of the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 42 and become the impedance of regulation in turn, in each capacitor 44-1～44-n, flow through the charging current of expectation by each variable resistance 43-1～43-n.
Promptly, when the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 42 rises, when capacitor 44-1 being charged by variable resistance 43-1, if the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 42 equals the charging voltage of the capacitor 44-2 of next stage, then the impedance of variable resistance 43-1 switches to infinity from finite value, and stops the charging to capacitor 44-1, replaces, the impedance of variable resistance 43-2 switches to finite value from infinity, by variable resistance 43-2 capacitor 44-2 is charged.
Like this, between the rising stage, the impedance of each variable resistance 43-1～43-n switches to finite value with predetermined timing from infinity, flows through the charging current of predefined desired value in each capacitor 44-1～44-n at the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 42.
When the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 42 descends, if the charging voltage of capacitor 44-n equals the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 42, then the impedance of variable resistance 43-n switches to infinity from finite value, simultaneously, the impedance of variable resistance 43-(n-1) switches to finite value from infinity, replace capacitor 44-n, beginning is charged to capacitor 44-(n-1).
Like this, between the output voltage decrement phase of full-wave rectifier 42, the impedance of each variable resistance 43-1～43-n switches to finite value with predetermined timing from infinity, flows through the charging current of predefined desired value in each capacitor 44-1～44-n.The charging current waveform conduct of target setting value and the synchronous sine wave of input voltage waveform by carrying out this control, become almost and the synchronous sine wave of voltage waveform from the input current waveform of full-wave rectifier 42, can improve input power factor.
On the other hand, each switch 12-1～12-n carries out switch motion in turn with the Zao cycle in cycle of switching impedance than each variable resistance 43-1～43-n, and the charging voltage of each capacitor 44-1～44-n is provided to polarity inversion circuit 13 in turn.And, provide stepped voltage waveform from polarity inversion circuit 13 to discharge lamp 15.Like this, discharge lamp 15 is thrown light on by high frequency.
In the present embodiment, the stepped voltage waveform that provides to discharge lamp 15 from polarity inversion circuit 13 is controlled so as to the discharge lamp electric current that flows through discharge lamp 15 effective value becomes constant, and therefore, the discharge lamp electric current that flows through in discharge lamp 15 is stablized by current limliting.Therefore, the same with the foregoing description, but small-sized, the lightweight of implement device.
In the present embodiment, if carry out the control of stepped voltage waveform as shown in figure 14, then can enlarge the control range of the service voltage effective value of being got.If carry out the control of stepped voltage waveform as shown in figure 15, then can improve the luminous efficiency of discharge lamp, can suppress from the radiation noise of discharge lamp radiation.
The 14th embodiment
The formation of present embodiment as shown in figure 16.In the present embodiment, for example, as an example, when the effective value of discharge lamp electric current is in rated condition, shown in Figure 18 (b), the turn-on time of each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n is immutable and be constant, and the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value offers discharge lamp 15.
Increase than specified when also big at the effective value of discharge lamp electric current, shown in Figure 18 (a), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, immutable and be constant to the turn-on time of inductive switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, to variable length turn-on time of inductive switch, and provide stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
The effective value of discharge lamp electric current reduce when specified also little, shown in Figure 18 (c), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, immutable and be constant to the turn-on time of inductive switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, can shorten the turn-on time to inductive switch, and provide stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
By carrying out this control, the effective value of electric current can be controlled to be constantly, thus, can not use coil assembly and discharge lamp 15 is stably thrown light on, can make small-sized, the lightweight of device.
As another example, when the effective value of discharge lamp electric current is in rated condition, shown in Figure 19 (b), the turn-on time of each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n is immutable and be constant, and the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value offers discharge lamp 15.
Increase than specified when also big at the effective value of discharge lamp electric current, shown in Figure 19 (a), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be and shorten the turn-on time of switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, the turn-on time of switch is immutable and be constant, provides stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
The effective value of discharge lamp electric current reduce when specified also little, shown in Figure 19 (c), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be elongated the turn-on time of switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, the turn-on time of switch is immutable and be constant, provides stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
By carrying out this control, the effective value of discharge lamp electric current can be controlled to be constantly, thus, can not use coil assembly and discharge lamp 15 is stably thrown light on, can make small-sized, the lightweight of device.
As another example, when the effective value of discharge lamp electric current is in rated condition, shown in Figure 20 (b), the turn-on time of each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n is immutable and be constant, and the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value offers discharge lamp 15.
Increase than specified when also big at the effective value of discharge lamp electric current, shown in Figure 20 (a), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be and shorten the turn-on time of switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be elongated the turn-on time of switch, provides stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
The effective value of discharge lamp electric current reduce when specified also little, shown in Figure 20 (c), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be elongated the turn-on time of switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be and shorten the turn-on time of switch, provides stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
By carrying out this control, the effective value of discharge lamp electric current can be controlled to be constantly, thus, can not use coil assembly and discharge lamp 15 is stably thrown light on, can make small-sized, the lightweight of device.
As another example, as shown in figure 21, under the state that the stepped voltage waveform frequency that offers discharge lamp 15 is almost fixed, carry out such control: and the big more direct voltage source of difference of specified effective value, the corresponding switch connection time is long more, perhaps increases the degree that shortens turn-on time.That is, when the effective value of discharge lamp electric current was in rated condition, shown in Figure 21 (b), the turn-on time of each switch 12-1～12-n, 32-1～32-n was immutable and be constant, and the stepped voltage waveform that will comprise zero voltage value offers discharge lamp 15.
Increase than specified when also big at the effective value of discharge lamp electric current, shown in Figure 21 (a), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be as far as possible and shorten the turn-on time of switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be elongated as far as possible the turn-on time of switch, provides stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
The effective value of discharge lamp electric current reduce when specified also little, shown in Figure 21 (c), in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is higher than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be elongated as far as possible the turn-on time of switch, in the time will offering discharge lamp 15 from the voltage that voltage is lower than the direct voltage source of specified effective value, be controlled to be as far as possible and shorten the turn-on time of switch, provides stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 15.
By carrying out this control, the effective value of discharge lamp electric current can be controlled to be constantly, thus, can not use coil assembly and discharge lamp 15 is stably thrown light on, can make small-sized, the lightweight of device.
The 15th embodiment
The formation of present embodiment as shown in figure 17.In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 22, the charging voltage of each capacitor 44-1～44-n is by the impedance Control of each variable resistance 43-1～43-n, as the stepped voltage VA along the output voltage waveforms Vin of full-wave rectifier 42.
Like this, switch motion by each switch 12-1～12-n offers polarity inversion circuit 13 with the charging voltage of each capacitor 44-1～44-n as the stepped voltage waveform of high frequency, provides high frequency stepped voltage waveform from polarity inversion circuit 13 to discharge lamp 14.
The switch motion time set that switch 12-1～12-n of this moment starts work is: according to the impedance switching timing of each variable resistance 43-1～43-n, switch to the time of multiply by same constant without exception on the time of finite value in variable resistance 43-1～43-n impedance.
Therefore, as shown in figure 23, the stepped voltage waveform of high frequency that offers polarity inversion circuit 13 is the waveform along sinuous envelope VX.If like this, then the envelope that offers the stepped voltage waveform of discharge lamp 15 from polarity inversion circuit 13 can be sinusoidal wave shape, therefore, can improve the luminous efficiency of discharge lamp, suppresses from the radiation noise of discharge lamp etc. etc.In addition, in the present embodiment, can not use coil assembly and the effective value of discharge lamp electric current is controlled to be constant, therefore, but small-sized, the lightweight of implement device.
The 16th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 11st to the 15th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.
As shown in figure 24, respectively by diode in series 5-1 ... 45-n, variable resistance 43-1 ... the input current testing circuit 46-1 that the impedance component of 43-n, resistor etc. is formed ... 46-n is with capacitor 44-1 ... 44-n is connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 42.
By drive circuit 47-1 ... 47-n drives above-mentioned each variable resistance 43-1～43-n, will be from error amplifier 48-1 ... the output of 48-n offers each drive circuit 47-1～47-n.
By condenser voltage testing circuit 49-1 ... 49-n detects the charging voltage of above-mentioned each capacitor 44-1～44-n respectively, it is detected output offer error amplifier 50-1 ... on the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of 50-n.At above-mentioned each error amplifier 50-1 ... reference voltage V ref1～the Vrefn that sets the charging voltage desired value is provided on the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of 50-n.With above-mentioned each error amplifier 50-1 ... the output of 50-n offers multiplier 51-1～51-n respectively.
Input current desired value initialization circuit 52 is set, will offers above-mentioned each multiplier 51-1～51-n from initialization circuit 52 as the sinusoidal wave data of the input current of desired value.Above-mentioned each multiplier 51-1～51-n passes through from above-mentioned each error amplifier 50-1 ... the variable control of the output of 50-n is from the amplitude of the input current sinusoidal wave data of above-mentioned input current desired value initialization circuit 52.
Carrying out level by level shift circuit 53-1～53-n respectively from the output of above-mentioned each multiplier 51-1～51-n moves and is input on the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned first error amplifier 48-1～48-n.Above-mentioned error amplifier 48-1～48-n compares the input current and the detected actual input current of input current testing circuit 46-1～46-n of desired value, obtains its error, offers above-mentioned drive circuit 47-1～47-n.The variable control variable resistance of above-mentioned drive circuit 47-1～47-n 43-1～43-n, the input current of feasible reality is near the input current of desired value.
In addition, in this device, the reference potential of above-mentioned drive circuit 47-1～47-n and error amplifier 48-1～48-n is the charging voltage of each capacitor 44-1～44-n, and the reference potential of above-mentioned condenser voltage testing circuit 49-1～49-n and error amplifier 50-1～50-n becomes the current potential as the negative terminal in the lead-out terminal of the full-wave rectifier 42 of the reference potential of entire circuit.Thereby, make the reference potential unanimity in order to use level shift circuit 53-1～53-n, each capacitor is moved.
The charging voltage of above-mentioned each capacitor 44-1～44-n offers polarity inversion circuit 13 by diode 54-1～54-n and switch 12-1～12-n respectively.
The condenser voltage that above-mentioned each condenser voltage testing circuit 49-1～49-n detects offers condenser voltage comparison circuit 55.Come the clock signal of self-clock generating unit 23 to be input in the above-mentioned condenser voltage comparison circuit 55.Above-mentioned condenser voltage comparison circuit 55 is synchronously obtained the condenser voltage mean value that each condenser voltage testing circuit 49-1～49-n detects with clock signal, and the mean value of the charging voltage desired value of the mean value of calculating and predefined each capacitor is compared.The variable voltage VRref of the rated value that is equivalent to the lamp current effective value is provided on the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of error amplifier 19.
Above-mentioned condenser voltage comparison circuit 55 is according to the above-mentioned voltage VRref of the variable control of comparative result.That is, the mean value of detected condenser voltage is during greater than the mean value of charging voltage desired value, and the desired value that makes the lamp current effective value is that voltage VRref is low.The mean value of detected condenser voltage is during less than the mean value of charging voltage desired value, and the desired value that makes the lamp current effective value is that voltage VRref rises.
In this formation, when the charging voltage integral body of each capacitor 44-1～44-n uprises, reduce the control of lamp current effective value, on the contrary, and during the charging voltage of each capacitor 44-1～44-n integral body step-down, the control that increases the lamp current effective value.
Simultaneously, effect control capacitor voltage by input current testing circuit 46-1～46-n, drive circuit 47-1～47-n, condenser voltage testing circuit 49-1～49-n, error amplifier 48-1～48-n, 50-1～50-n, input current desired value initialization circuit 52, multiplier 51-1～51-n etc. makes charging voltage near desired value, and the desired value of lamp current converges to the conduct rated value of desired value originally.Thus, to the variation of condenser voltage, can prevent that lamp current from excessively increasing or excessively reducing.Realize the improvement of power factor.In the present embodiment, do not use coil assembly, it is constant, therefore the same with the foregoing description that control discharge lamp 15 makes that lamp current becomes, but small-sized, the lightweight of implement device.
The 17th embodiment
The formation of present embodiment as shown in figure 24.In the present embodiment, the variable range of output voltage effective value is in the scope of effective value when specified ± 20%.
That is, one the switch motion selected by switch 12-1～12-n provides stepped voltage waveform to polarity inversion circuit 13, and the stepped voltage waveform of interchange offers discharge lamp 15 and makes discharge lamp 15 illuminations from polarity inversion circuit 13.
As from the sinusoidal wave data of the input current of the desired value of input current desired value initialization circuit 52 to each multiplier 51-1～51-n by from its amplitude of the variable control of the output of error amplifier 50-1～50-n.Thus, based on the impedance of the extent of true capacitor voltage and desired value control variable resistance 43-1～43-n, the input current amount of control capacitor 46-1～46-n is controlled to charging voltage simultaneously near desired value.
In efferent, control switch 12-1～12-n starts the time of work, makes the effective value of the lamp current that flows through in discharge lamp 15 become the rated value of being set by voltage VRref.
Therefore, the feasible charge discharge amount minimizing of starting the capacitor of work with the time that is shorter than time rating of the switch of correspondence among control switch 12-1～12-n to discharge lamp 15, therefore, the charging voltage of capacitor rises.At this moment, be controlled to be: by capacitor constant voltage control, diminish as the amplitude from the sinusoidal wave data of the input current desired value of multiplier, make the capacitor electrode drops, the charging voltage of capacitor is near desired value.
The feasible charge discharge amount increase of starting the capacitor of work to discharge lamp 15 with the time of being longer than time rating of the switch of correspondence among control switch 12-1～12-n, therefore, the charging voltage of capacitor descends.At this moment, be controlled to be: by capacitor constant voltage control, become big as the amplitude from the sinusoidal wave data of the input current desired value of multiplier, condenser voltage is risen, the charging voltage of capacitor is near desired value.
As a result, even be sinusoidal wave with the wave setting of the input current desired value of each capacitor 46-1～46-n, the setting of amplitude also is different to each capacitor, occurs grade in input current, and it is big that high fdrequency component becomes.Therefore, the variation for the high fdrequency component that does not increase input current needs regulation to offer the valid value range of the stepped voltage waveform of discharge lamp 15.
Figure 25 shows the stepped voltage waveform sine waveform relatively that is used for and offers discharge lamp 15,-24% o'clock stepped voltage waveform and sine waveform of the effective value when (a) effective value of expression lamp current is specified,-11% o'clock stepped voltage waveform and sine waveform of the effective value when (b) effective value of expression lamp current is specified, stepped voltage waveform and sine waveform when (c) effective value of effective value when specified of expression lamp current is consistent, (d) effective value of effective value when being specified of expression lamp current+10% o'clock stepped voltage waveform and sine waveform, the effective value when (e) effective value of expression lamp current is specified+19% o'clock stepped voltage waveform and sine waveform.
-24% o'clock input current waveform of the effective value when the lamp current effective value is specified is shown in Figure 26 (a),-11% o'clock input current waveform of the effective value when the lamp current effective value is specified is shown in Figure 26 (b), input current waveform when the effective value of lamp current effective value when specified is consistent is shown in Figure 26 (c), effective value when the lamp current effective value is specified+10% o'clock input current waveform is shown in Figure 26 (d), and-19% o'clock input current waveform of the effective value when the lamp current effective value is specified is shown in Figure 26 (e).
The variation of the stepped voltage effective value of table 1 expression and the relation of input current.The effective value of stepped voltage is beyond specified the time, and obviously, especially 3 high fdrequency components of input current become big.From the result as seen, below about 20% the absolute value of the stepped voltage waveform effective value when being set at specified action, then can not increase the high fdrequency component of input current and variation by excursion with stepped voltage waveform effective value.
Table 1
The change in voltage of exerting oneself branch ????-22.0％ ????-10.9％ ????0.0％ ????9.8％ ????18.5％
The manpower electric current ????0.219A ????0.232A ????0.278A ????0.333A ????0.407A
The manpower power rate ????0.919 ????0.954 ????1.000 ????0.987 ????0.969
????THD ????40.6％ ????33.0％ ????0.0％ ????20.5％ ????33.1％
3 times ????30.5％ ????22.4％ ????0.0％ ????12.5％ ????22.6％
5 times ????1.1％ ????3.1％ ????0.0％ ????4.9％ ????3.3％
7 times ????2.0％ ????1.0％ ????0.0％ ????4.0％ ????2.5％
9 times ????3.6％ ????2.3％ ????0.0％ ????1.1％ ????2.0％
11 times ????1.2％ ????0.4％ ????0.0％ ????1.3％ ????0.7％
13 times ????3.3％ ????2.5％ ????0.0％ ????0.5％ ????0.7％
15 times ????2.8％ ????2.4％ ????0.0％ ????0.5％ ????0.6％
17 times ????1.0％ ????1.2％ ????0.0％ ????1.3％ ????0.7％
19 times ????0.5％ ????0.3％ ????0.0％ ????0.4％ ????0.4％
21 times ????2.0％ ????1.0％ ????0.0％ ????1.7％ ????2.0％
23 times ????0.9％ ????1.2％ ????0.0％ ????1.5％ ????1.3％
25 times ????3.9％ ????3.1％ ????0.0％ ????1.0％ ????2.1％
27 times ????0.8％ ????0.6％ ????0.0％ ????1.3％ ????1.9％
29 times ????2.0％ ????1.3％ ????0.0％ ????0.8％ ????1.2％
The output voltage variable quantity
Input current
Input power factor
(other part table contents are with former table 1)
Therefore the formation of present embodiment, much less in the present embodiment, does not use control discharge lamp 15 under the situation of coil assembly and that the discharge lamp electric current is become is constant as shown in figure 24, therefore, can obtain the action effect identical with the foregoing description.
The 18th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 11st to the 17th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and detailed description is omitted.
As shown in figure 27, by the voltage of condenser voltage average detection circuit 56 each capacitor 44-1～44-n of detection, obtain its mean value as typical value.Be not limited to mean value as typical value, can detect among each capacitor 44-1～44-n one of them voltage as typical value.In this case,, then can carry out the impedance Control of each variable resistance 43-1～43-n reliably, can always smoothly flow through input current continuously if detect high condenser voltage according to the charging desired value.
The mean value of the condenser voltage of obtaining by above-mentioned condenser voltage average detection circuit 56 offers the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of error amplifier 57, simultaneously, offers condenser voltage comparison circuit 58.
The reference voltage V ref that sets the mean value of charging voltage desired value offers the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned error amplifier 57.The mean value of the condenser voltage that above-mentioned error amplifier 57 will be obtained by condenser voltage average detection circuit 56 and the reference voltage V ref that sets the charging voltage desired value compare, and its error output is offered input current target waveform forming circuit 59.
Above-mentioned input current target waveform forming circuit 59 is when the effective value of the stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp 15 is rated value, and sinusoidal wave input current waveform shown in Figure 28 (b) of sinusoidal wave input voltage waveform similar shape is as input current target waveform and output shown in shaping and Figure 28 (a).
Above-mentioned input current target waveform forming circuit 59 makes: when the effective value of stepped voltage waveform is higher than rated value, as shown in figure 29, in 1 cycle that commercialization exchanges, when phase place was 90 ° and 270 ° of front and back specified actions, amplitude ratio was big as the input current waveform I0 of desired value, and, towards 90 ° and 270 °, amplitude ratio is bigger, the position beyond it, and the current waveform that shaping amplitude ratio input current waveform I0 is little is exported as input current target waveform I1.
Above-mentioned input current target waveform forming circuit 59 makes: when the effective value of stepped voltage waveform is lower than rated value, as shown in figure 30, in 1 cycle that commercialization exchanges, when phase place was 90 ° and 270 ° of front and back specified actions, amplitude ratio was little as the input current waveform I0 of desired value, and, towards 90 ° and 270 °, amplitude ratio is less, the position beyond it, and the current waveform that shaping amplitude ratio input current waveform I0 is big is exported as input current target waveform I2.
Input comes the clock signal of self-clock generating unit 23 in above-mentioned condenser voltage comparison circuit 58.Above-mentioned condenser voltage comparison circuit 58 and clock signal are synchronous, and the mean value of the mean value of the condenser voltage that will be obtained by above-mentioned condenser voltage average detection circuit 56 and the charging voltage desired value of predefined each capacitor is compared.Above-mentioned condenser voltage comparison circuit 58 is the above-mentioned voltage Vrref of the variable control of result based on the comparison.
In this formation, the effective value of stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp 15 is when rated value begins to rise, control is used for providing the switch of the low capacitor of charging voltage to make to discharge lamp 15 and starts work with the time that is shorter than when specified, reduce from the discharge charge amount of capacitor to discharge lamp 15, therefore, its condenser voltage rises.
Control is used for providing to discharge lamp 15 switch of the high capacitor of charging voltage, makes to start work with the time of being longer than when specified, increase from the discharge charge amount of capacitor to discharge lamp 15, therefore, its capacitor electrode drops.
Therefore, as target waveform, in 1 cycle that commercialization exchanges, realize waveform shapings by input current target waveform forming circuit 59 from the input current of full-wave rectifier 42, make that in phase place be 90 ° and 270 ° of front and back, the input current waveform I0 of amplitude ratio sine wave is big, the position beyond it, and amplitude is little, thereby, the charging voltage that can make each capacitor according to the control of the typical value of condenser voltage is near corresponding desired value voltage, simultaneously, and level and smooth input current waveform.
The effective value of stepped voltage waveform that offers discharge lamp 15 is when rated value begins to reduce, control is used for providing to discharge lamp 15 switch of the low capacitor of charging voltage, make and to start work with the time of being longer than when specified, increase from the discharge charge amount of capacitor to discharge lamp 15, therefore, its capacitor electrode drops.
Control is used for providing to discharge lamp 15 switch of the high capacitor of charging voltage, makes to start work with the time that is shorter than when specified, reduces from the discharge charge amount of capacitor to discharge lamp 15, and therefore, its condenser voltage rises.
Therefore, as target waveform, in 1 cycle that commercialization exchanges from the input current of full-wave rectifier 42, realize waveform shaping by input current target waveform forming circuit 59, make that in phase place be 90 ° and 270 ° of front and back, the input current waveform I0 of amplitude ratio sine wave is little, the position beyond it, amplitude is big, thereby, the control of the typical value by the foundation condenser voltage, the charging voltage that can make each capacitor is near corresponding desired value voltage, simultaneously, level and smooth input current waveform.
Like this, variation according to the stepped voltage waveform effective value that offers discharge lamp 15, make the input current target waveform variation that offers each error amplifier 48-1～48-n from input current target waveform forming circuit 59, thereby, control according to the typical value of condenser voltage can make the charging voltage of each capacitor near corresponding desired value voltage, simultaneously, from the input current waveform of full-wave rectifier 42 smooth change always under situation not jumpy.Therefore, can suppress the especially generation of high order high fdrequency component of input current waveform.In the present embodiment, much less, do not use control discharge lamp 15 under the situation of coil assembly and that the discharge lamp electric current is become is constant, therefore, can obtain the action effect identical with the foregoing description.
Below, for the 3rd the present invention, the 19th to the 25th embodiment is described with reference to Figure 31-Figure 47.In the explanation of the 19th to the 25th embodiment and the symbol among Figure 31 to Figure 47 be applicable to the 19th to the 25th embodiment.
The 19th embodiment
As shown in figure 31, be provided with and exchange stepped voltage source 1 takes place, magnitude of voltage is changed to stepped, resembles the stepped positive voltage waveform of sinusoidal wave increase and decrease like this and magnitude of voltage and is changed to step-likely, and mutual output resembles the sinusoidal wave stepped negative voltage waveform of increase and decrease like this.
By the lamp current detector 4 formed by first capacitor 3 and low resistance etc. the end of each filament electrode 2a, 2b of discharge lamp 2 is connected on the lead-out terminal that source 1 takes place above-mentioned voltage.Promptly, by above-mentioned first capacitor 3 of connecting the end of side's filament electrode 2a in the above-mentioned discharge lamp 2 is connected on the end of lead-out terminal that source 1 takes place above-mentioned voltage, above-mentioned lamp current detector 4 is connected to the end of the opposing party's filament electrode 2b in the above-mentioned discharge lamp 2 on the other end of lead-out terminal that source 1 takes place above-mentioned voltage by connecting.
Between the other end of each filament electrode 2a, 2b of above-mentioned discharge lamp 2, connect second capacitor 5 and the series circuit of the bipolarity switch element 6 formed by MOSFET (MOS type field-effect transistor).This series circuit constitutes preheat circuit, during preheating discharge lamp 2 begins to throw light on before, and above-mentioned switch element 6 change conductings.
Source 1 takes place the input terminal of full-wave rectifier 12 is connected on the commercial ac power source 11 in the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange, n switch 13-1, the 13-2 being used as variable resistance that will be made up of MOSFET ... n capacitor 14-1,14-2 of 13-3 and formation direct voltage source ... the series circuit of 14-n is parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 12 as branch circuit respectively.Like this, respectively by switch element 15-1,15-2 ... 15-n is connected to lamp current detector 16 on above-mentioned each capacitor 14-1～14-n.
The parallel circuits of the series circuit of 2 switch element 16-1,16-2 that above-mentioned lamp current detector 16 is made of FET and the series circuit of 2 switch element 16-3,16-4 that MOSFET constitutes forms, and the tie point of the tie point of above-mentioned each switch element 16-1,16-2 and above-mentioned each switch element 16-3,16-4 exchanges the lead-out terminal that source 1 takes place stepped voltage as above-mentioned.
Switch element 13-1～13-n as above-mentioned variable resistance drives in the unsaturation zone, to realize the function as variable resistance, therefore, be controlled as during each self-corresponding capacitor 14-1～14-n that only charges, impedance becomes finite value, beyond this during in, the impedance infinity.Like this, control the impedance of above-mentioned each switch element 13-1～13-n when charging each capacitor 14-1～14-n, make with commercial AC-input voltage roughly the input current of proportional waveform flow into from above-mentioned full-wave rectifier.The high fdrequency component that can suppress thus, input current.
At the absolute value of the supply voltage of commercial ac power source 11 between the rising stage, when equating, the absolute value of certain condenser voltage and commercial ac power source voltage begins the charging of this capacitor, when equating, the absolute value of the voltage of next stage capacitor and commercial ac power source voltage stops, between the absolute value decrement phase of the supply voltage of commercial ac power source 11, the absolute value that equals commercial ac power source voltage at the voltage of preceding 1 capacitor begins the charging of certain capacitor when equating, stops when the absolute value of charging voltage and commercial ac power source voltage equates.Thereby, the magnitude of voltage that above-mentioned each capacitor 14-1～the 14-n charging differs from one another.For example, capacitor 14-1 is charged to minimum magnitude of voltage, and capacitor 14-n is charged to maximum magnitude of voltage.
Select a ground above-mentioned each switch element 15-1～15-n of switch repeatedly by drive circuit 17 in turn with high frequency, from above-mentioned each capacitor 14-1～14-n, select a ground in turn and take out charging voltage, the stepped voltage waveform of this taking-up is offered above-mentioned lamp current detector 16.
Above-mentioned lamp current detector 16 is realized: in the cycle of switch motion repeatedly of each above-mentioned each switch element 15-1～15-n, the alternatively connection of the connection of switch element 16-1,16-4 and switch 16-2,16-3 repeatedly offers discharge lamp 2 by first capacitor 3 with the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that the such high frequency of for example tens of KHz will comprise zero voltage value.
Above-mentioned lamp current detector 4 detects lamp current, and this detection signal is offered effective value transducer 18.Above-mentioned effective value transducer 18 is transformed to voltage according to the effective value of lamp current by the detection signal from lamp current detector 4, and this effective value voltage offers the counter-rotating input terminal (-) of error amplifier 19.The voltage Vref that is equivalent to the rated value of lamp current effective value offers the non-counter-rotating input terminal (+) of above-mentioned error amplifier 19.
Above-mentioned error amplifier 19 will be compared with the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value from the effective value voltage of effective value transducer 18, and output is used to make effective value voltage near the feedback signal that is equivalent to the voltage Vref of rated value.Offer the ON/OFF timing control part 21 of controller 20 from the feedback signal of above-mentioned error amplifier 19.
By the feedback signal from error amplifier 19, above-mentioned ON/OFF control part 21 determines the timing of above-mentioned each switch element 15-1～15-n of drive circuit 17 open and close and timing signal is offered the drive signal generating unit 22 of identical control 20.
Above-mentioned drive signal generating unit 22 is taken out clock signal from clock generating unit 23, synchronously will offer above-mentioned drive circuit 17 by the drive signal of the timing of above-mentioned ON/OFF timing control part 21 decisions with clock signal.Thus, above-mentioned drive circuit 17 is selected a ground ON/OFF in turn with predetermined timing and is controlled each switch element 15-1～15-n, makes the lamp current effective value near the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value.Like this, according to the clock signal of coming self-clock generating unit 23, offer the stepped voltage waveform fixed-frequency that comprises zero voltage value of discharge lamp 2 through first capacitor 3 from lamp current detector 16.
In this formation, each switch element 13-1～13-n is corresponding to from the output voltage waveforms of full-wave rectifier 12 and the absolute value of supply voltage between the rising stage, press 13-1-＞13-2-＞... the order of 13-n, impedance only becomes finite value during certain, capacitor 14-1～the 14-n of charging correspondence in turn, between the absolute value decrement phase of supply voltage, press 13-n ...-＞13-2-＞order of 13-1, impedance only becomes finite value during certain, in turn the corresponding capacitor 14-1～14-n of charging.Like this, each capacitor 14-1～14-n is charged as the magnitude of voltage that differs from one another.
On the other hand, by drive circuit 17 each switch element 15-1～15-n of switch in turn, will offer discharge lamp 2 from the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that lamp current detector 16 comprises zero voltage value by first capacitor 3.Discharge lamp 2 switch element 6 conductings and in each filament electrode 2a, 2b, flow through preheat curent when preheating by second capacitor 5.
Therefore, become the formation that offers discharge lamp 2 from the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of lamp current detector 16 by first capacitor 3.On the other hand, control when exchanging stepped voltage waveform effective value the control range that need come the regulation effective value according to the restriction of input current high fdrequency component at the time width of each voltage of variable stepped voltage waveform.
In the time of will directly offering discharge lamp 2 from the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of lamp current detector 16 not using first capacitor 3, the control range of effective value is ± 20%, and the load characteristic of this moment shown in figure 32.From load characteristic as seen, for surpass rated voltage ± load voltage of 20% scope, do not have operating point, therefore, akinesia.
Relative with it, when using first capacitor 3, exchange under the effective value controlled condition of stepped voltage waveform load characteristic as shown in figure 33.Thereby the time width of each voltage of variable stepped voltage waveform is controlled when exchanging stepped voltage waveform effective value, and load characteristic as shown in figure 34.That is, there is operating point from open circuit (load current is zero) in discharge lamp 2 to the wide region of short circuit (load voltage is zero), can enlarge the scope of lamp voltage applicatory.And the load current that flows through in the time of can being suppressed at discharge lamp 2 short circuits can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
The 20th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 19th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.
As shown in figure 35, use without the stepped voltage generation of the interchange of full-wave rectifier and polarity inversion circuit source 31.That is, n switch element 32-1, the 32-2 as variable resistance that source 31 will be made of MOSFET takes place in the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange ... n capacitor 34-1,34-2 of 32-n and formation first direct voltage source ... the series circuit of 34-n is parallel-connected on the commercial ac power source 11 as branch road respectively.Will by MOSFET constitute as n switch element 33-1,33-2 of variable resistance ... n capacitor 35-1,35-2 of 33-n and formation second direct voltage source ... the series circuit of 35-n is parallel-connected on the commercial ac power source 11 as branch road respectively.
In the unsaturation zone, drive switch element 32-1～32-n, realize function, therefore as variable resistance as above-mentioned variable resistance, be controlled to be only during the corresponding respectively capacitor 34-1～34-n of charging, impedance becomes finite value, outside this during, with the impedance infinity.Impedance Control when like this, above-mentioned each switch element 32-1～32-n will charge each capacitor 34-1～34-n is the input current that flows through roughly with the proportional waveform of commercial AC-input voltage positive half period.
In the unsaturation zone, drive switch element 33-1～33-n, realize function, therefore as variable resistance as above-mentioned variable resistance, be controlled to be only during the corresponding respectively capacitor 35-1～35-n of charging, impedance becomes finite value, outside this during, with the impedance infinity.Impedance Control when like this, above-mentioned each switch element 33-1～33-n will charge each capacitor 35-1～35-n is the input current that flows through roughly with the proportional waveform of commercial AC-input voltage negative half-cycle.
Between the supply voltage absolute value rising stage of commercial ac power source 11, when equating, the absolute value of the voltage of certain capacitor and commercial ac power source voltage begins the charging of this capacitor, the absolute value that equals commercial ac power source voltage at the voltage of next stage capacitor stops when equating, between the supply voltage absolute value decrement phase of commercial ac power source 11, the absolute value that equals commercial ac power source voltage at the voltage of previous capacitor begins the charging of certain capacitor when equating, the absolute value that equals commercial ac power source voltage in charging voltage stops when equating.
Thus, the positive voltage value that above-mentioned each capacitor 34-1～the 34-n charging differs from one another, the negative value that above-mentioned each capacitor 35-1～the 35-n charging differs from one another.For example, in positive half period, on positive direction, capacitor 34-1 is charged to the minimum voltage value, on positive direction, capacitor 34-n is charged to maximum voltage value, in negative half-cycle, on negative direction, capacitor 35-1 is charged to the minimum voltage value, on negative direction, capacitor 35-n is charged to maximum voltage value.
The switch element 36-1, the 36-2 that constitute by FET ... the end of 36-n is connected respectively to the side of the positive electrode of above-mentioned capacitor 34-1～34-n, the switch element 37-1, the 37-2 that are made of MOSFET ... the end of 37-n is connected respectively to the negative side of above-mentioned capacitor 35-1～35-n.The other end of above-mentioned each switch element 36-1～36-n, 37-1～37-n is connected on the end of the opposing party's filament electrode 2a in the discharge lamp 2 by first capacitor 3 of connecting.The end of the opposing party's filament electrode 2b is connected respectively to as above-mentioned voltage by series electrical lamp current detector 4 negative side of above-mentioned each capacitor 34-1～34-n of the other end of lead-out terminal in source 31 and the side of the positive electrode of above-mentioned capacitor 35-1～35-n takes place in the above-mentioned discharge lamp 2.
Drive signal generating unit 22 obtains clock signal from clock generating unit 23, synchronously will offer drive circuit 171 with clock signal by the drive signal of the timing of ON/OFF timing control part 21 decision, drive circuit 171 is selected a ground in turn with predetermined timing and is connected each switch element 36-1～36-n, 37-1～37-n, makes the lighting circuit effective value near the voltage Vref that is equivalent to rated value.Like this, according to the clock signal of coming self-clock generating unit 23, will the fixed-frequency that source 31 offers the stepped voltage waveform that comprises zero voltage value of discharge lamp 2 take place from exchanging stepped voltage by first capacitor 3.In addition, other formation is identical with the foregoing description.
In this formation, in the positive half period of AC power 11, the impedance of each switch element 32-1～32-n is selected a ground in turn and is become finite value, to the positive voltage of each capacitor 34-1～34-n charging value of differing from one another.In the negative half-cycle of AC power 11, the impedance of each switch element 33-1～33-n is selected a ground in turn and is become finite value, to the positive voltage of each capacitor 35-1～35-n charging value of differing from one another.
On the other hand, at outlet side, each switch element 36-1～36-n, 37-1～37-n select a ground in turn with the cycle shorter than input side and carry out switch motion, carry out repeatedly.Thus, provide magnitude of voltage with the interchange of stepped variation stepped voltage by first capacitor 3 to discharge lamp 2 from each switch element 36-1～36-n, 37-1～37-n.Like this, turn-on switch component 6 when preheating, flow through preheat curent by second capacitor 5 in each filament electrode 2a, 2b.
Thereby, in the present embodiment, control when exchanging stepped voltage waveform effective value at the time width of each voltage of variable stepped voltage waveform, load characteristic is to have operating point from open circuit (load current is zero) at discharge lamp 2 to the wide region of short circuit (load voltage is zero), can enlarge the scope of lamp voltage applicatory.And the load current that flows through in the time of can being suppressed at discharge lamp 2 short circuits can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
The 21st embodiment
The circuit of the discharge lamp illuminator of Shi Yonging constitutes identical with above-mentioned the 19th embodiment in the present embodiment.That is, constitute as shown in figure 31.
In the present embodiment, the electric capacity of each capacitor 14-1～14-n of formation direct voltage source equates.In addition, if by first capacitor 3 from the mean value of time width that exchanges stepped voltage each voltage of the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that source 1 offers discharge lamp 2 takes place be ts, when the time constant of the resistance decision of equal value of discharge lamp 2 during by the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 and specified illumination is CR, set the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 and exchange the time width of each voltage of stepped voltage waveform, make and satisfy CR/ts＞1.
Yet, in will exchange the formation that stepped voltage waveform offers discharge lamp 2 by first capacitor 3, the problem of form factor (peak factor) variation of the lamp current in the time of can producing specified action.Form factor is obtained by (maximum/effective value).During the form factor variation of lamp current, the luminous efficiency of electric light descends, and it is big that the damage of filament becomes, the lamp lifetime.
For example, as discharge lamp 2, use the discharge lamp of rated voltage 125V, rated current 0.255A, the frequency that offers the stepped voltage waveform of interchange of discharge lamp 2 is 20KHz, adjusts the effective value that exchanges stepped voltage and obtains specified output.The capacitance variations that makes first capacitor 3 is 0.02 μ F, 0.015 μ F, 0.01 μ F, 0.005 μ F, the result of the relation of research CR/ts and form factor, and the relation that obtains is as shown in figure 36.
Among the figure, the curve that draws with is that the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 is when being 0.02 μ F, the curve that △ draws is that the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 is when being 0.015 μ F, with * the curve that draws is the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 when being 0.01 μ F, is that the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 is when being 0.005 μ F with zero curve that draws.
From curve as seen, be set at CR/ts＞1 o'clock, form factor can be less than 2.1, are set at CR/ts＞2.5 o'clock, and form factor can be less than 1.7.That is, by being set at CR/ts＞1, the form factor of lamp current can compare well, if be set at CR/ts＞2.5, can further improve the form factor of lamp current.Thus, can prevent that the luminous efficiency of electric light from descending, can prevent the electric light lifetime.
Figure 37 shows the voltage waveform that takes place when number of steps (ladder number) is 5 steps in half period of the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that offers discharge lamp 2 under these conditions between the two ends that exchange stepped voltage waveform and discharge lamp 2.Illumination frequencies is 20kHz, and therefore, the lamp voltage waveform is roughly similar with the lamp current waveform.Therefore, the form factor of the form factor of lamp voltage and lamp current is consistent.Therefore, consider the form factor of lamp voltage here.
Promptly, (a) be to exchange stepped voltage waveform, (b) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.1 μ F, (c) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.02 μ F, (d) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.015 μ F, (e) being the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.01 μ F, (f) is the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.005 μ F.At this moment, the form factor of lamp current is poor (e) and (f) time.
Figure 38 shows the voltage waveform that takes place when number of steps (ladder number) is 11 steps in half period of the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that offers discharge lamp 2 under these conditions between the two ends that exchange stepped voltage waveform and discharge lamp 2.Promptly, (a) be to exchange stepped voltage waveform, (b) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.1 μ F, (c) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.02 μ F, (d) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.015 μ F, (e) being the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.01 μ F, (f) is the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.005 μ F.
Figure 39 shows the voltage waveform that takes place when number of steps (ladder number) is 21 steps in half period of the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that offers discharge lamp 2 under these conditions between the two ends that exchange stepped voltage waveform and discharge lamp 2.Promptly, (a) be to exchange stepped voltage waveform, (b) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.1 μ F, (c) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.02 μ F, (d) be the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.015 μ F, (e) being the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.01 μ F, (f) is the voltage waveform that takes place between the electric capacity of first capacitor 3 discharge lamp 2 two ends when being 0.005 μ F.
From above result as seen, the mean value ts of the time width of stepped each voltage of voltage waveform can be reduced to exchange, therefore,, also CR/ts＞1 can be satisfied even time constant CR diminishes by the number of steps in the half period of the stepped voltage waveform of increasing exchanges.In other words, in order all to keep well, as long as the number of steps in the half period of the stepped voltage waveform of increasing exchanges at the form factor of lamp current various capacitances to first capacitor 3.By suitably set the electric capacity of capacitor 3 according to the number of steps in the half period that exchanges stepped voltage waveform, can make the form factor of lamp current keep good.
The circuit of the discharge lamp illuminator of Shi Yonging formation is identical with the formation of Figure 31 in the present embodiment, and therefore, present embodiment can obtain the identical action effect with above-mentioned the 19th to the 20th embodiment certainly.
The 22nd embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 19th to the 22nd embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.As shown in figure 40, the end of each filament electrode 2a, 2b of discharge lamp 2 is connected on the lead-out terminal that exchanges stepped voltage generation source 41 through first capacitor 3.
Source 41 takes place a plurality of direct voltage source 42-1, the 42-2 that different positive voltage value take place is set in the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange ... 42-n, the input terminal of polarity inversion circuit 16 is through as the disconnection of the difference may command bipolarity electric current of switch element, bipolarity switch 43-1, the 43-2 of conducting ... 43-n is connected on each direct voltage source 42-1～42-n.Source terminal and the gate terminal of 2 MOSFET of the above-mentioned public connection of each bipolarity switch 43-1～43-n.In the present embodiment, omitted circuit and each bipolarity switch 43-1,43-2 that the effective value voltage control that will exchange stepped voltage waveform is a rated value ... the drive circuit of 43-n.
In this constitutes, exchange stepped voltage generation source 41 and will offer discharge lamp 2 from the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of polarity inversion circuit 16 by first capacitor 3.Figure 41 shows an example of the load current waveform that exchanges stepped voltage waveform this moment and flow through in discharge lamp 2.That is, in this example, exchange stepped voltage waveform Vo and load current waveform Io since first capacitor 3 and mutually phasic difference near 90 °.
Therefore, for example, the switch element 16-1 of polarity inversion circuit 16 and 16-4 conducting and when the filament electrode 2a of discharge lamp 2 side applies cathode voltage, lamp current is at first with the path flow of switch element 16-1-＞first capacitor 3-＞discharge lamp 2-＞switch element 16-4, but counter-rotating on the way is with the path flow of switch element 16-4-＞discharge lamp 2-＞first capacitor 3-＞switch element 16-1.At this moment, because use bipolarity switch 43-1～43-n, electric current flows into direct voltage source 42-1～42-n side through this bipolarity switch 43-1～43-n.
Thus, can in discharge lamp 2, not have and flow through lamp current lavishly effectively, can improve the luminous efficiency of electric light.
On the contrary, when bipolarity switch 43-1～43-n is unipolar switch, occur not flowing through reciprocal electric current, lamp current disengagement phase, therefore, under the situation that obtains constant light output, the luminous efficiency of electric light descends.
In the present embodiment, because provide interchange stepped voltage through first capacitor 3 to discharge lamp 2 from exchanging stepped voltage generation source 41, so it is the same with the foregoing description, discharge lamp 2 can enlarge the scope of lamp voltage applicatory having operating point from open circuit (load current is zero) to the wide region of short circuit (load voltage is zero).And the load current that flows through in the time of can being suppressed at discharge lamp 2 short circuits can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
In the present embodiment, the source terminal that uses 2 MOSFET and the public structure that is connected of gate terminal are as the bipolarity switch, but this formation is not limited thereto.For example, can use the series circuit of MOSFET44 and diode 45 as shown in figure 42 and the structure that is connected in parallel with the series circuit of the diode 46 of above-mentioned diode 45 reversed polarity and MOSFET47.
The 23rd embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 19th to the 22nd embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.As shown in figure 43, the end of each filament electrode 2a, 2b of discharge lamp 2 is connected on the lead-out terminal that exchanges stepped voltage generation source 51 through first capacitor 3.
Source 51 takes place a plurality of first direct voltage source 52-1, the 52-2 that different positive voltage value take place is set in the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange ... a plurality of second direct voltage source 53-1, the 53-2 of the different negative value that 52-n and generation absolute value are equal with each magnitude of voltage of each first direct voltage source 52-1～52-n ... 53-n.
Bipolarity switch 54-1,54-2 as the dipolar electric current disconnection of can controlling respectively of switch element, conducting ... the end of 54-n is connected on above-mentioned each first direct voltage source 52-1～52-n.Bipolarity switch 55-1,55-2 as the dipolar electric current disconnection of can controlling respectively of switch element, conducting ... the end of 55-n is connected on above-mentioned each second direct voltage source 53-1～53-n.
Above-mentioned each bipolarity switch 54-1,54-2 ... one end of the lead-out terminal in source 51 takes place in the public connection of the other end of the other end of 54-n and above-mentioned each bipolarity switch 55-1～55-n as the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange.The other end of the lead-out terminal in source 51 takes place in the public connection of positive terminal of the negative terminal of above-mentioned each first direct voltage source 52-1～52-n and above-mentioned each second direct voltage source 53-1～53-n as the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange.
Between the lead-out terminal in the stepped voltage generation of above-mentioned interchange source 51, also connect bipolarity switch 56.This bipolarity switch 56 makes short circuit between the lead-out terminal that exchanges stepped voltage generation source 51, obtains being applied to the zero voltage value on the discharge lamp 2.
Above-mentioned each bipolarity switch 54-1～54-n, 55-1～55-n, 56 are the source terminal of 2 MOSFET and the structure of the public connection of gate terminal.
In the present embodiment, circuit that the effective value voltage control that will exchange stepped voltage waveform is a rated value and each bipolarity switch 54-1～54-n, 55-1～55-n, 56 drive circuit have been omitted.
In this constitutes, exchange stepped voltage and source 51 takes place offer discharge lamp 2 by bipolarity switch 54-1～54-n, 56 action will comprise the positive half period of zero voltage value through first capacitor 3 the stepped voltage of interchange, the stepped voltage of interchange that will comprise the negative half-cycle of zero voltage value by bipolarity switch 55-1～55-n, 56 action through first capacitor 3 offers discharge lamp 2.The stepped voltage waveform of interchange of this moment is identical with the 22nd embodiment with the relation of the load current waveform that flows into discharge lamp 2, as shown in figure 41.
Therefore, for example, when bipolarity switch 54-1～54-n moves, lamp current flows into discharge lamp 2 from first direct voltage source 52-1～52-n through bipolarity switch 54-1～54-n and capacitor 3 at first, but on the way counter-rotating flows into the first direct voltage source from discharge lamp 2 sides through capacitor 3 and bipolarity switch 54-1～54-n.When bipolarity switch 55-1～55-n moves, lamp current flows into bipolarity switch 55-1～55-n side from second direct voltage source 53-1～53-n through discharge lamp 2 and capacitor 3 at first, but counter-rotating on the way flows into the second direct voltage source from bipolarity switch 55-1～55-n side through capacitor 3 and discharge lamp 2.
Thus, lamp current does not have and flows into discharge lamp 2 lavishly effectively, can improve the luminous efficiency of electric light.In the present embodiment, because provide interchange stepped voltage through first capacitor 3 to discharge lamp 2 from exchanging stepped voltage generation source 51, so it is the same with the foregoing description, discharge lamp 2 can enlarge the scope of lamp voltage applicatory having operating point from open circuit (load current is zero) to the wide region of short circuit (load voltage is zero).And the load current that flows through in the time of can being suppressed at discharge lamp 2 short circuits can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
The 24th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 19th to the 23rd embodiment is with identical symbolic label, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.As shown in figure 44, exchange stepped voltage and source 61 takes place n branch road 62-1,62-2 ... be parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 12.
Above-mentioned each branch road 62-1,62-2 ... switch element 13-1,13-2 are set ... with n capacitor 14-11,14-21 constituting direct voltage source ... series circuit.In the branch road of switch element 13-1 and capacitor 14-11, the individual capacitor 14-12 of (m-1) of same capacitance, 14-13 ... 14-1m is parallel-connected on the above-mentioned capacitor 14-11 through the switch element that MOSFET constitutes respectively.
That is, the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-12 is connected on the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-11 through switch element 63-11, and the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-12 is connected on the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-11 through switch element 64-11.The end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-13 is connected in series on the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-11 through switch element 63-12 and 63-11, and the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-13 is connected in series on the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-11 through switch element 64-12 and 64-11.Similarly connect other capacitor, at last, the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-1m is through switch element 63-1 (m-1) ... 63-12,63-11 are connected in series on the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-11, and the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-1m is through switch element 64-1 (m-1) ... 64-12,64-11 are connected in series on the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-11.
Switch element 65-11 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of above-mentioned switch element 63-11 and capacitor 14-12, switch element 65-12 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of above-mentioned switch element 63-12 and capacitor 14-13, connect switch element with same formation, switch element 65-1 (m-1) at last is connected in parallel on the series circuit of above-mentioned switch element 63-1 (m-1) and capacitor 14-1m.
The end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-22 is connected on the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-21 through switch element 63-21, and the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-22 is connected on the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-21 through switch element 64-21.The end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-23 is connected in series on the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-21 through switch element 63-22 and 63-21, and the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-23 is connected in series on the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-21 through switch element 64-22 and 64-21.Similarly connect other capacitor, at last, the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-2m is through switch element 63-2 (m-1) ... 63-22,63-21 are connected in series on the end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-21, and the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-2m is through switch element 64-2 (m-1) ... 64-22,64-21 are connected in series on the other end of above-mentioned capacitor 14-21.
Switch element 65-21 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of above-mentioned switch element 63-21 and capacitor 14-22, switch element 65-22 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of above-mentioned switch element 63-22 and capacitor 14-23, connect switch element with same formation, switch element 65-2 (m-1) at last is connected in parallel on the series circuit of above-mentioned switch element 63-2 (m-1) and capacitor 14-2m.
Like this, Sheng Xia whole branch roads also constitute and above-mentioned 2 circuit that branch road 62-1,62-2 are identical with capacitor by a plurality of switch elements.
Final capacitor 14-1m, the 14-2m of each branch road ... with the tie point of switch element 63-1 (m-1), 63-2 (m-1) respectively through switch element 66-1,66-2 ... be connected on the tie point of the switch element 16-1 of polarity inversion circuit 16 and 16-3.The switch element 16-2 of above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit 16 and the tie point of 16-4 are connected to above-mentioned each capacitor 14-11,14-21 ... the other end on.
Source 61 takes place when charging in the stepped voltage of the interchange of this formation, in branch road 62-1, the impedance of switch element 13-1 is controlled as finite value, make switch element 63-11～63-1 (m-1), 64-11～64-1 (m-1) start work, make switch element 65-11～65-1 (m-1) close action.Thus, each capacitor 14-11～14-1m of branch road 62-1 all is connected in parallel, and the output voltage by full-wave rectifier 12 is charged as specified level.
In next branch road 62-2, the impedance of switch element 13-2 is controlled as finite value, makes switch element 63-21～63-2 (m-1), 64-21～64-2 (m-1) start work, makes switch element 65-21～65-2 (m-1) close action.Thus, each capacitor 14-21～14-2m of branch road 62-2 all is connected in parallel, and the output voltage by full-wave rectifier 12 is charged as the specified level than the high some level of each capacitor 14-11～14-1m.
Like this, whole capacitors of n level branch road are charged as the different magnitude of voltage of each branch road by the output voltage of full-wave rectifier 12.
The discharge of control capacitor makes switch element 13-1,13-2 in each branch road ... impedance become infinity, each switch element in addition optionally starts work.
For example, the impedance Control of switch element 13-1 is infinitely great among the branch road 62-1, make switch element 63-11～63-1 (m-1), 64-11～64-1 (m-1) close action, switch element 65-11～65-1 (m-1), when 66-1 starts and does, each capacitor 14-11～14-1m of branch road 62-1 all is connected in series, to the charging voltage m magnitude of voltage doubly of polarity inversion circuit 16 each capacitor of output.
The impedance Control of switch element 13-2 is infinitely great in branch road 62-2, make switch element 63-21～63-2 (m-1), 64-21～64-2 (m-1) close action, switch element 65-21～65-2 (m-1), when 66-2 starts and does, each capacitor 14-21～14-2m of branch road 62-2 all is connected in series, to the charging voltage m magnitude of voltage doubly of polarity inversion circuit 16 each capacitor of output.
Like this, in when discharge, all branch roads move in turn, and by carrying out repeatedly, the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of high pressure source 61 takes place offers discharge lamp 2 through first capacitor 3 from exchanging stepped voltage with the high frequency of for example 20KHz.
Here, though source 61 to take place provide that each voltage on capacitor is boosted to the m stepped voltage waveform of interchange doubly is that example is described from exchanging stepped voltage, but by the switch element of each branch road of control, can be at 1 times to m scope inner control output voltage doubly.For example, if the capacitor of each branch road all is connected in parallel, then become the output voltage with the input voltage same level, the interchange stepped voltage waveform of output shown in Figure 45 (a).If be controlled to be the capacitor of 2 each branch roads that only are connected in series, then as Figure 45 (b) shown in, exporting boosts is 2 times the stepped voltage waveform of interchange.
Like this, the stepped voltage of various interchanges can take place, can improve versatility.
Under the situation of this circuit, when the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that boosts is provided, because the voltage level difference, so can not carry out the charging and the discharge of capacitor simultaneously in each branch road.Therefore, when certain branch road is in charge cycle, in the time of in being in, must using the state of this branch road to the output of discharge lamp 2, must be to switch element 13-1 during this period ... disconnect control.Therefore, because charging stops during this period, so cut off input current from full-wave rectifier 12.
But, only be when beginning to throw light on if establish during discharge lamp 2 provides the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of boosting, during this very short time, even cut off input current, can not cause input current abnormality yet.After discharge lamp 2 begins illumination, if the control switch element makes that capacitor is connected in parallel in each branch road, then because the charging of capacitor is consistent with the discharge voltage level, so when certain branch road is in charge cycle, even become at the state that in the output of discharge lamp 2, must use this branch road, also do not need to switch element 13-1 ... disconnect control.Thereby, the input power factor in the time of can improving discharge lamp 2 illuminations.
In this formation, the capacitor of each branch road is connected in parallel respectively and charges, and when beginning to illumination from preheating, the capacitors in series of each branch road connects, and provides the interchange of boosting stepped voltage waveform to discharge lamp 2.And preheating is carried out behind switch element 6 conducting certain hours, after this, makes discharge lamp 2 begin illumination by the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of boosting.After the illumination, the capacitor of each branch road is connected in parallel to keep illumination with the output voltage of input voltage same level.
In this constitutes, offer discharge lamp 2 through first capacitor 3 from the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that exchanges stepped voltage generation source 61.Therefore, in the present embodiment, control when exchanging stepped voltage waveform effective value at the time width of each voltage of variable stepped voltage waveform, there is operating point open circuit (load current is zero) from discharge lamp 2 in load characteristic to the wide region of short circuit (load voltage is zero), can enlarge the scope of lamp voltage applicatory.And the load current that flows through in the time of can being suppressed at discharge lamp 2 short circuits can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
In above-mentioned example, when beginning to throw light on, boost and the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that source 61 offers discharge lamp 2 takes place from exchanging stepped voltage, exchange stepped voltage waveform but also can not boost, each capacitor is connected in parallel when discharge, and the time of the capacitor of the charging ceiling voltage that will discharge is established length.Thereby, when beginning to throw light on, offer the stepped voltage waveform of interchange of discharge lamp 2 shown in Figure 45 (c) from exchanging stepped voltage generation source 61.Like this, be applied to the comparable common height of effective value on the discharge lamp 2, therefore, discharge lamp can begin illumination.
The 25th embodiment
The part identical with above-mentioned the 19th to the 24th embodiment is with identical symbolic representation, and the detailed description of these parts is omitted.
As shown in figure 46, this exchanges stepped voltage generation source 71 with n branch road 72-1,72-2 ... be parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 12.Said n branch road 72-1,72-2 ... constitute by a plurality of capacitors and the switch element that constitutes by a plurality of MOSFET respectively.
For example, branch road 72-1 is through the circuit of switch element 13-1 with m switch element and m the mutual series connection of capacitor, that is, with switch element 73-11, capacitor 74-11, switch element 73-12, capacitor 74-12, switch element 73-13, capacitor 74-13 ... the series circuit of switch element 73-1m, capacitor 74-1m is parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 12.Above-mentioned each capacitor 74-11～74-1m constitutes direct voltage source.
Switch element 75-11 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-11 and switch element 73-12, switch element 75-12 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-12 and switch element 73-13, switch element 75-13 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-13 and switch element 73-14 (not shown),, switch element 75-1 (m-1) is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-1 (m-1) (not shown) and switch element 73-1m.
Switch element 76-11 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of switch element 73-12 and capacitor 74-12, switch element 76-12 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of switch element 73-13 and capacitor 74-13,, switch element 76-1 (m-1) is connected in parallel on the series circuit of switch element 73-1m and capacitor 74-1m.
Branch road 72-2 is through the circuit of switch element 13-2 with m switch element and m the mutual series connection of capacitor, that is, with switch element 73-21, capacitor 74-21, switch element 73-22, capacitor 74-22, switch element 73-23, capacitor 74-23 ... the series circuit of switch element 73-2m, capacitor 74-2m is parallel-connected on the lead-out terminal of full-wave rectifier 12.Above-mentioned each capacitor 74-21～74-2m constitutes direct voltage source.
Switch element 75-21 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-21 and switch element 73-22, switch element 75-22 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-22 and switch element 73-23, switch element 75-23 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-23 and switch element 73-24 (not shown),, switch element 75-2 (m-1) is connected in parallel on the series circuit of capacitor 74-2 (m-1) (not shown) and switch element 73-2m.
Switch element 76-21 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of switch element 73-22 and capacitor 74-22, switch element 76-22 is connected in parallel on the series circuit of switch element 73-23 and capacitor 74-23,, switch element 76-2 (m-1) is connected in parallel on the series circuit of switch element 73-2m and capacitor 74-2m.
Like this, all branch road constitutes and above-mentioned 2 circuit that branch road is same by a plurality of switch elements and capacitor.
Above-mentioned switch element 73-11,73-21 ... with capacitor 74-11,74-21 ... tie point be connected on the tie point of the switch element 16-1 of polarity inversion circuit 16 and 16-3 through switch element 66-1,66-2 respectively.The switch element 16-2 of above-mentioned polarity inversion circuit and the tie point of 16-4 are connected to above-mentioned each branch road on the other end of another distolateral capacitor 74-1m, 74-2m.
Each branch road 72-1,72-2 ... each switch element constitute by MOSFET, its concrete example is described below.
Figure 47 shows the formation of branch road 72-1, switch element 13-1 is made of diode and 1 MOSFET, and other switch element 73-11～73-1m, 75-11～75-1 (m-1), 76-11～76-1 (m-1) are made of with the public bipolarity switch that is connected of grid the source electrode of 2 MOSFET.
This constitutes the branch road 72-2 to other ... too.When the voltage of output buck, it is such exchanging stepped voltage generation source 71: during charging, in branch road 72-1, the impedance of switch element 13-1 is controlled as finite value, make switch element 73-11～73-1m start work, switch element 75-11～75-1 (m-1), 76-11～76-(m-1) close action.Thereby each capacitor 74-11～74-1m of branch road 72-1 all is connected in series, and the output voltage by full-wave rectifier 12 is charged to specified level.
In next branch road 72-2, the impedance of switch element 13-2 is controlled as finite value, makes switch element 73-21～73-2 (m-1) start work, makes switch element 75-21～75-2 (m-1), 76-21～76-2 (m-1), 66-2 close action.Thus, each capacitor 74-21～74-2m of branch road 72-2 all is connected in series, and the output voltage by full-wave rectifier 12 is charged as the specified level than the high some level of branch road 72-1.
Like this, when charging, whole capacitors in series of n level branch road connect, and by the output voltage from full-wave rectifier 12, the series circuit of capacitor is charged as the different magnitude of voltage of each branch road.
It is such exchanging stepped voltage generation source 71: during discharge, in branch road 72-1, make switch element 73-11～73-1m close action, switch element 75-11～75-1 (m-1), 76-11～76-1 (m-1), 66-1 start work, thereby each capacitor 74-11～74-1m of branch road 72-1 all becomes and is connected in parallel the voltage of exportable 1/m.
In next branch road 72-2, make switch element 73-21～73-2m close action, switch element 75-21～75-2 (m-1), 76-21～76-2 (m-1), 66-2 start work, thereby each capacitor 74-21～74-2m of branch road 72-2 all becomes and is connected in parallel the voltage of exportable 1/m.
Therefore, in this embodiment, during discharge, each branch road each capacitor that is connected in parallel flows through electric current in polarity inversion circuit 16.Therefore, source 71 takes place and offers discharge lamp 2 through first capacitor 3 from exchanging stepped voltage in the input voltage stepped voltage of interchange that is depressured to 1/m.During discharge, control each branch road 72-1,72-2 by switch ... can the be connected in series capacitor of any number of switch element, thereby step-down exchanges stepped voltage arbitrarily.
When the voltage that output is boosted, it is such exchanging stepped voltage generation source 71: during charging, in branch road 72-1, the impedance of switch element 13-1 is controlled as finite value, make switch element 73-11,75-11～75-1 (m-1), 76-11～76-(m-1) start work, switch element 73-12,73-1m close action.Thereby each capacitor 74-11～74-1m of branch road 72-1 all is connected in parallel, and the output voltage by full-wave rectifier 12 is charged to specified level.
In next branch road 72-2, the impedance of switch element 13-2 is controlled as finite value, makes switch element 73-21,75-21～75-2 (m-1), 76-21～76-2 (m-1) start work, makes switch element 73-22～73-2m close action.Thus, each capacitor 74-21～74-2m of branch road 72-2 all is connected in parallel, and the output voltage by full-wave rectifier 12 is charged as the specified level than the high some level of branch road 72-2.
Like this, when charging, whole capacitors of n level branch road are connected in parallel, and by the output voltage from full-wave rectifier 12, the series circuit of capacitor is charged as the different magnitude of voltage of each branch road.
It is such exchanging stepped voltage generation source 71: during discharge, in branch road 72-1, make switch element 73-11,75-11～75-1 (m-1), 76-11～76-1 (m-1) start work, switch element 73-12～73-1m, 66-1 close action, thereby each capacitor 74-11～74-1m of branch road 72-1 all is connected in series, and electric current flows into polarity inversion circuit 16 from each capacitor 74-11～74-1m through switch element 66-1.That is, export after the charging voltage addition of each capacitor 74-11～74-1m.
In next branch road 72-2, make switch element 73-21,75-21～75-2 (m-1), 76-21～76-2 (m-1) close action, switch element 73-22～73-2m, 66-2 start work, thereby each capacitor 74-21～74-2m of branch road 72-2 all is connected in series, and electric current flows into polarity inversion circuit 16 from each capacitor 74-21～74-2m through switch element 66-2.That is, export after the charging voltage addition of each capacitor 74-21～74-2m.
Like this, during discharge, each branch road each capacitor that is connected in series flows through electric current in polarity inversion circuit 16.Therefore, input voltage boosts and source 71 takes place offers discharge lamp 2 through first capacitor 3 from exchanging stepped voltage for the m stepped voltage of interchange doubly.During discharge, control each branch road 72-1,72-2 by switch ... switch element can change the capacitor connected in series number, thereby can change the degree of boosting.Like this, the stepped voltage of various interchanges can take place, can improve versatility.
In this device, a branch road can not charge and discharge simultaneously.That is, in branch road 72-1, under the situation of discharging between charge period, closing step switch element 73-11 and stopping to discharge after the charging.At this moment, owing to stopping of charging, input current is cut off.For fear of this situation, between charge period, do not discharge.That is, between charge period, only charge, discharge by other branch road that is not between charge period.Thereby, can avoid the cut phenomenon of input current.
In this formation, offer discharge lamp 2 through first capacitor 3 from the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that exchanges stepped voltage generation source 71.Therefore, in the present embodiment, control when exchanging stepped voltage waveform effective value at the time width of each voltage of variable stepped voltage waveform, discharge lamp 2 can enlarge the scope of lamp voltage applicatory having operating point from open circuit (load current is zero) to the wide region of short circuit (load voltage is zero).And, can suppress the load current that discharge lamp 2 flows through when short circuit, can prevent to flow through overcurrent.
The invention effect
With 2 described inventions, provide voltage on capacitor to be controlled to be constant supply unit according to claim 1.
According to claim 3 ,-7 described invention also can smoothly flow through input current continuously. That is, input current can become sinusoidal wave shape.
And, according to claim 5-7 described invention, the high fdrequency component that also can fully suppress in the input current is improved power factor.
According to claim 8 with 9 described inventions, detect the virtual value of the lamp current that flows into discharge lamp by RMS to DC section, gauge tap circuit and variable control comprise the output time of each magnitude of voltage of stepwise voltage waveform of zero voltage value so that the detected lamp current virtual value of this RMS to DC section becomes constant, therefore, can not come the Current limited Control lamp current with coil lamp coil assembly, but small-sized, the lightweight of implement device.
Invention according to claim 10, offer discharge lamp from the interchange stepwise voltage waveform that exchanges the stepwise voltage generating source through capacitor, therefore, can enlarge the lamp voltage scope of discharge lamp applicatory, and, can prevent from when the discharge lamp short circuit, flowing through overcurrent.

Claims (10)

1. supply unit, the series circuit of a plurality of variable resistances and capacitor is connected in parallel, above-mentioned each capacitor relies on corresponding variable resistance to charge by source power supply voltage, above-mentioned each variable resistance only is controlled so as to that impedance is a finite value during the corresponding capacitor of charging, impedance infinity during outside this, flow through discharging current from each capacitor in turn to load, it is characterized in that, have: the impedance Control unit, the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in variable resistance arbitrarily; And amplitude control unit, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, make that the charging voltage with above-mentioned any capacitor becomes constant.
2. supply unit, the series circuit of a plurality of variable resistances and capacitor is connected in parallel, above-mentioned each capacitor relies on corresponding variable resistance to charge by source power supply voltage, above-mentioned each variable resistance only is controlled so as to that impedance is a finite value during the corresponding capacitor of charging, impedance infinity during outside this, flow through discharging current from each capacitor in turn to load, it is characterized in that, have: a plurality of impedance Control unit, the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in above-mentioned variable resistance respectively; With a plurality of amplitude control units, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, make that the voltage on capacitor corresponding to the variable resistance of each impedance Control unit controls impedance becomes constant.
3. supply unit, the series circuit of a plurality of variable resistances and capacitor is connected in parallel, above-mentioned each capacitor relies on corresponding variable resistance to charge by source power supply voltage, above-mentioned each variable resistance only is controlled so as to that impedance is a finite value during the corresponding capacitor of charging, impedance infinity during outside this, flow through discharging current from each capacitor in turn to load, it is characterized in that, have: a plurality of impedance Control unit, the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in each variable resistance respectively; And amplitude control unit, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, feasible charging voltage with the capacitor that the charging desired value is the highest in each capacitor becomes constant, the impedance of the variable resistance of above-mentioned each impedance Control unit controls correspondence makes and flow through the input current desired value of amplitude control is carried out in tracking by above-mentioned amplitude control unit input current in each variable resistance.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described supply units, it is characterized in that amplitude control unit is provided with voltage detection circuit,, can change corresponding voltage on capacitor desired value according to the supply voltage that this voltage detection circuit detects.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described supply units, it is characterized in that, the desired value of each voltage on capacitor is set at be charged as high-tension capacitor and neighboring capacitors charging voltage than more little.
6. according to claim 2 or 3 described supply units, it is characterized in that, at the absolute value of source power supply voltage between the rising stage, the absolute value of certain condenser voltage and above-mentioned source power supply voltage begins this capacitor is charged when equating, the condenser voltage of subordinate and above-mentioned source power supply voltage stop when equating, between source power supply absolute value of voltage decrement phase, the voltage of previous capacitor begins the charging of certain capacitor when equaling above-mentioned source power supply absolute value of voltage, charging voltage stops when equaling above-mentioned source power supply voltage.
7. supply unit, the series circuit of a plurality of variable resistances and capacitor is connected in parallel, above-mentioned each capacitor relies on corresponding variable resistance to charge by source power supply voltage, above-mentioned each variable resistance only is controlled so as to that impedance is a finite value during the corresponding capacitor of charging, impedance infinity during outside this, flow through discharging current from each capacitor in turn to load, it is characterized in that, have: a plurality of impedance Control unit, the impedance of the variable resistance that control is corresponding makes the input current that flows through predefined desired value in above-mentioned each variable resistance respectively; And amplitude control unit, when condenser voltage is lower than the desired value of charging voltage, increase the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, when condenser voltage is higher than the desired value of charging voltage, reduce the control of amplitude of the input current of desired value, feasible charging voltage with certain particular comparator in above-mentioned each capacitor becomes constant, the impedance of the variable resistance of above-mentioned each impedance Control unit controls correspondence, make and flow through the input current desired value of amplitude control is carried out in tracking by above-mentioned amplitude control unit input current, and the capacitor that certain is specific switches to other capacitors.
8. discharge lamp illuminator, it is characterized in that having: a plurality of direct voltage sources produce different positive voltage value; Switching circuit is selected a ground and is taken out dc voltage value from each direct voltage source, output comprises the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value; Polarity inversion circuit, input is from the stepped voltage waveform of switching circuit, the stepped voltage waveform of output AC; Discharge lamp provides from the stepped voltage waveform of the interchange of polarity inversion circuit; The effective value test section, the effective value of the lamp current that detection is flowed in this discharge lamp; And control unit, the control said switching circuit, and variable control comprises the output time of each magnitude of voltage of the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value, makes the effective value of the lamp current that above-mentioned effective value test section detects become constant.
9. discharge lamp illuminator, it is characterized in that having: a plurality of first direct voltage sources produce different positive voltage value; A plurality of second direct voltage sources produce the negative value that comprises zero voltage value that absolute value equates with the magnitude of voltage of each first direct voltage source; First switching circuit is selected a ground and is taken out dc voltage value from above-mentioned each first direct voltage source, output comprises the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value; The second switch circuit is selected a ground with the timing different with first switching circuit and is taken out dc voltage value from above-mentioned each second direct voltage source, output comprises the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value; Discharge lamp provides the stepped voltage waveform from above-mentioned each switching circuit; The effective value test section, the effective value of the lamp current that detection is flow through in this discharge lamp; And control unit, control above-mentioned each switching circuit, variable control comprises the output time of each magnitude of voltage of the stepped voltage waveform of zero voltage value, makes the effective value of the lamp current that above-mentioned effective value test section detects become constant.
10. discharge lamp illuminator, it is characterized in that having: exchange stepped voltage source, the step-like variation of magnitude of voltage take place, sinusoidal wave stepped positive voltage waveform and the step-like variation of magnitude of voltage that increases and decreases like that, the alternately stepped negative voltage waveform that increases and decreases like that of sine wave output; Discharge lamp provides from exchanging the stepped voltage waveform of interchange that the source takes place stepped voltage; And be connected in series in the stepped voltage of above-mentioned interchange capacitor between source and the above-mentioned discharge lamp takes place.
CNB031200915A 2002-01-31 2003-01-31 Power supply device and discharge lamp illuminator Expired - Fee Related CN1298100C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

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JP2002024014A JP3705217B2 (en) 2002-01-31 2002-01-31 Power supply
JP2002024014 2002-01-31
JP2002050066 2002-02-26
JP2002050066A JP3991150B2 (en) 2002-02-26 2002-02-26 Discharge lamp lighting device
JP2002155475 2002-05-29
JP2002155475A JP4039127B2 (en) 2002-05-29 2002-05-29 Discharge lamp lighting device

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102318445A (en) * 2008-01-28 2012-01-11 松下电工株式会社 High-voltage discharge lamp lighting device, and lighting equipment using the device
CN103582271A (en) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-12 优志旺电机株式会社 Discharge lamp lighting apparatus and projector
CN105094188A (en) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-25 财团法人精密机械研究发展中心 Voltage detection and compensation device
CN109983354A (en) * 2016-07-21 2019-07-05 百达力有限公司 Battery charger and method

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JPH07123733A (en) * 1993-10-29 1995-05-12 Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp Frequency converter, lamp turning-on device, and illuminator
TW408558B (en) * 1996-12-25 2000-10-11 Tec Corp Power supply device and discharge lamp lighting apparatusv

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102318445A (en) * 2008-01-28 2012-01-11 松下电工株式会社 High-voltage discharge lamp lighting device, and lighting equipment using the device
CN103582271A (en) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-12 优志旺电机株式会社 Discharge lamp lighting apparatus and projector
CN103582271B (en) * 2012-08-01 2016-12-28 优志旺电机株式会社 Discharge lamp ignition device and scialyscope
CN105094188A (en) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-25 财团法人精密机械研究发展中心 Voltage detection and compensation device
CN109983354A (en) * 2016-07-21 2019-07-05 百达力有限公司 Battery charger and method
US11327119B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2022-05-10 Petalite Limited Battery charging circuit and method
US11719755B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2023-08-08 Petalite Limited Battery charging circuit and method

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