CN1438457A - Construction method of vacuum pump and air conditioner - Google Patents

Construction method of vacuum pump and air conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1438457A
CN1438457A CN03106007A CN03106007A CN1438457A CN 1438457 A CN1438457 A CN 1438457A CN 03106007 A CN03106007 A CN 03106007A CN 03106007 A CN03106007 A CN 03106007A CN 1438457 A CN1438457 A CN 1438457A
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China
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
vavuum pump
air
check valve
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CN03106007A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
沼本浩直
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2002038112A external-priority patent/JP3753078B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2002113014A external-priority patent/JP2003307175A/en
Priority claimed from JP2002115854A external-priority patent/JP3755481B2/en
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of CN1438457A publication Critical patent/CN1438457A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/006—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor characterised by charging or discharging valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a vacuum pump which enables easier working in a short time of period upon installing an air conditioner while restraining the bad influence to the environment. The inside of a cylinder is partitioned into two chambers by a piston, and a cylinder top dead point surface and a cylinder bottom dead point surface of the partitioned two chambers have a suction port and an air discharge port respectively having a check valve. When the air discharge ports are connected to each other by moving the piston to any directions, the air inside the cylinder is discharged and the air discharge port side in the cylinder is made to be in a pressurized state. When the suction ports are connected, the suction port side in the cylinder is made to be in a negative pressure state.

Description

The construction method of vavuum pump and air conditioner
Technical field
Required vavuum pump and utilize the air conditioner construction method of this vavuum pump when the present invention relates to a kind of separate type air conditioner construction that indoor set and off-premises station is coupled together by connecting pipings.
Background technology
Traditional air conditioner construction method, for indoor set after will constructing and the discharge of the air in the connecting pipings, required to relative cylinder charge performance air conditioning function in the off-premises station body in advance many slightly removing air refrigerant gas of ormal weight, this refrigerant gas imports connecting pipings and indoor set inside by the liquid side two way selected valve that is located at off-premises station, and to atmosphere emit air and the refrigerant gas of connecting pipings and indoor set inside by the valve that is known as satellite interface that is located at the gas side three-way diverter valve on the off-premises station this moment.
On the other hand, in recent years, because of the destruction of ozone layer, global greenhouse effect etc. are more and more tighter to environmental limit, when air conditioner is provided with, be problematic to airborne release depletion of the ozone layer coefficient and the high refrigerant gas of global greenhouse effect coefficient, therefore recommend to use the electrodynamic type vavuum pump.This electrodynamic type vavuum pump is connected with the valve that is known as satellite interface of gas side three-way diverter valve on being located at off-premises station, make the work of electrodynamic type vavuum pump by power supply, air to connecting pipings and indoor set inside attracts exhaust, after entering sufficient decompression state, undertaken by refrigerant gas being imported in connecting pipings and the indoor set from liquid side two way selected valve.
But, such as first-class the setting is difficult to utilize this electrodynamic type vavuum pump under the bad condition in place on the roof.In addition, to compare the time of setting longer for the occupation mode of vavuum pump and the mode of utilizing the intrinsic refrigerant gas of off-premises station.
Present inventors etc. once proposed the scheme of the hand vavuum pump of electrodynamic type vavuum pump as a supplement, this hand or DYN dynamic any vavuum pump, all duration of runs by making its running and utilize Bourdon tube formula vacuum meter that the arrival vacuum of connecting pipings and indoor set inside is managed.
But, the ability that Bourdon tube formula vacuum meter withstands shocks a little less than, the operator often occurring slightly that operation is improper just to cause the problem of null offset.In addition, the minimum scale of vavuum pump is in general bigger, arrives vacuum hold, not equal to only as the roughly standard of managing.
The summary of invention
The present invention makes in order to address the above problem, and purpose is to provide the influence of a kind of consideration to environment, makes the construction method of the air conditioner of easy air conditioner possible vavuum pump of construction becoming and use vavuum pump.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention is a kind of vavuum pump and the air conditioner construction method of using vavuum pump, and upper dead center position about being divided into by piston in the cylinder of Room 2 and lower dead point position are provided with the air entry and the exhaust outlet of band check valve respectively.No matter piston either direction is up and down moved, when interconnecting between the exhaust outlet, by being discharged, the gas of cylinder interior make exhaust side become pressurized state, in addition, when interconnecting between with air entry, make the air-breathing oral-lateral in the cylinder become negative pressure state.
Among the present invention, when the air conditioner installation, with connecting pipings with indoor set with after off-premises station is connected, at first, can be used as pressurization pump utilization by exhaust outlet being connected to one, atmosphere can be forced into about 5kg/cm 2State under carry out the leak test of tubing connection portion.Compare to the leak test that off-premises station inner filling cold-producing medium carries out with traditional utilization, the leak test method soft to environment can be provided.Then,, can be used as original decompression and use, indoor set and the air in the connecting pipings that must get rid of can be reduced to enough degree from the reliability consideration of kind of refrigeration cycle with vavuum pump by air entry being connected into one.This a series of operation does not rely on electrodynamic type, can implement by hand.
Again, the present invention is, with air entry connect into one by connecting oral area, no matter make the action of piston whichaway can both make air-breathing oral-lateral become the vavuum pump of negative pressure state, in this vavuum pump, be provided with the sensor that can count reciprocating motion of the pistons.
Adopt when of the present invention, owing to can count reliably to the reciprocal time of piston, such as being standard roughly with the length of indoor set and connecting pipings, management piston reciprocal time operator grasps if in advance vavuum pump is made database to the ability of internal capacity, as long as just can easily infer the vacuum of arrival.
And the present invention is a kind of vavuum pump and the air conditioner construction method of using vavuum pump, the exhaust outlet that is equipped with band check valve and the air entry that communicates with air conditioner and band check valve respectively and communicates with atmosphere at the upper dead center position of the cylinder that is separated into Room 2 by the piston that moves up and down with handle, being equipped with at lower dead point position can be air-breathing and exhaust and towards the opening interface of atmosphere opening.
Among the present invention, after making the chamber be negative pressure state towards the below action in piston, the piston that utilizes the getter action of opening interface can revise pressure reduction between chamber and the following chamber is directed automatically reseting upward, so piston moves towards the top and need power hardly, and the operation of piston is very easy to.
Example of the present invention is specifically narrated below.
For the vavuum pump of the present invention that addresses the above problem, it is characterized in that: be separated into Room 2 by piston in the cylinder, the cylinder upper dead center position of the Room 2 after above-mentioned separation and lower dead point position are provided with the air entry of band check valve and the exhaust outlet of band check valve respectively, no matter above-mentioned piston moves to either direction, when interconnecting between the above-mentioned exhaust outlet, by being discharged, the gas of above-mentioned cylinder interior make the above-mentioned exhaust side in the above-mentioned cylinder become pressurized state, when interconnecting between the above-mentioned air entry, make the above-mentioned air-breathing oral-lateral in the above-mentioned cylinder become negative pressure state.By using this vavuum pump, during the air conditioner installation, by connecting pipings with indoor set with after off-premises station is connected, at first, can be used as the force (forcing) pump utilization by exhaust outlet being connected to one, can be forced into about 5kg/cm 2State under carry out the leak test of tubing connection portion.Compare to the leak test method that the cold-producing medium of off-premises station inner filling carries out with traditional utilization, the inspection method to the soft leakage of environment can be provided.Then,, can be used as vavuum pump and use, the airborne oxygen that must get rid of can be reduced to enough degree from the reliability consideration of kind of refrigeration cycle by air entry being connected into one.This a series of operation does not rely on electricity consumption, can implement by hand.
Again, be equipped with compression helical spring in the check valve inside of being located at above-mentioned air entry, the spring constant of above-mentioned compression helical spring is 0.01～0.04N/mm.Check valve with enough little minimum act pressure difference can be provided like this.
Again, air conditioner construction method of the present invention, it is the construction method of the air conditioner that constitutes indoor set being connected with the off-premises station air conditioner when utilizing vavuum pump to install by connecting pipings, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned vavuum pump, be separated into Room 2 by piston in its cylinder, the air entry and the exhaust outlet of band check valve are set respectively on the cylinder top dead-centre face of the Room 2 after the above-mentioned separation and bottom dead centre face, at least as the 1st operation, to interconnect between the above-mentioned exhaust outlet, no matter above-mentioned piston moves to either direction, make above-mentioned indoor set and above-mentioned connecting pipings inside become pressurized state by the gas of discharging from above-mentioned cylinder interior, as the 2nd operation, to interconnect between the above-mentioned air entry, make above-mentioned indoor set and above-mentioned connecting pipings inside become negative pressure state.
Adopt this method, utilize the exhaust side of vavuum pump, use with pump as pressurization, by connecting pipings with indoor set with after off-premises station is connected, can be at about 5kg/cm 2Atmospheric pressure under carry out the leak test of connecting portion.Compare to the leak test method of the cold-producing medium of off-premises station inner filling with traditional utilization, can provide the leak test method soft to environment.Then, utilize air-breathing oral-lateral,, also can make indoor set and connecting pipings inside become enough negative pressure state by using with vavuum pump as decompression.Can effectively utilize the exhaust side of vavuum pump and air-breathing oral-lateral to carry out the construction of air conditioner simultaneously like this.
Again, be a kind of construction method of air conditioner, it is characterized in that being provided with: the junction surface that combines with above-mentioned air-breathing oral area with the 1st connecting portion that connects between the above-mentioned exhaust outlet, the junction surface that combines with above-mentioned exhaust oral area with the 2nd connecting portion that connects between the above-mentioned air entry, with above-mentioned the 1st connecting portion, with above-mentioned the 2nd connecting portion.And be detachably to be the construction method of the air conditioner of feature with above-mentioned junction surface.Like this, by setting the junction surface that simply to load and unload, when air conditioner is constructed at air entry and exhaust outlet, at first by utilizing exhaust side, can be used as the pressurization of carrying out the connecting portion leak test and use,, can be used as original decompression and use with vavuum pump then by utilizing air-breathing oral-lateral with pump.By disposing the junction surface that simply to load and unload like this, the mechanical function of vavuum pump of the present invention separately can be used as pressue device or decompressor.
Again, the present invention is a kind of vavuum pump, be separated into Room 2 by piston in the cylinder, the air entry and the exhaust outlet of band check valve are set respectively on the cylinder upper dead center position of this Room 2 and lower dead point position, each air entry connects into one by connecting oral area, and no matter piston moves to either direction, and the pressure reduction of Room 2 reduces in the time of also can be from the initial stage gradually, and air-breathing oral-lateral is negative pressure state, and is provided with the sensor that can count to reciprocating motion of the pistons.In view of the above, such as when air conditioner is constructed, to connecting pipings, indoor set inner pressure relief, just can guide refrigerant gas by off-premises station from the satellite interface of the gas side three-way diverter valve of off-premises station.In addition, because sensor can this be inferred the vacuum of the arrival of air-breathing oral-lateral to the reciprocating motion counting of piston.Such as being standard roughly, grasp by in advance vavuum pump being made database to the ability of internal capacity, as long as management piston reciprocal time operator just can easily infer the vacuum of arrival with the length of the indoor set of air conditioner and connecting pipings.In addition, also needn't handle with great care sensor when using vavuum pump, piston also can be moved by manpower simultaneously.
Again, be that the sensor is that acceleration transducer, its response sensitivity are the vavuum pump of 1～5G, because of being that the acceleration transducer of 1～5G is with the sensor of doing reciprocating motion of the pistons is counted, so the acceleration G can be only to piston and cylinder inner wall collision the time counts with response sensitivity.Like this, be the acceleration transducer of 1～5G by using response sensitivity, the acceleration G in the time of can correctly only colliding with cylinder inner wall piston counts, and can provide piston stroke motion repeat count and the so few sensor of miscount of counting loss.
Again, be to constitute above-mentioned acceleration transducer for using the vavuum pump of wire spring or cantilever design, above-mentioned wire spring or cantilever can respond the acceleration G with certain orientation that the reciprocating motion of piston causes reliably.Like this, owing to utilize wire spring or cantilever to come induction acceleration G, so the acceleration transducer that can respond the such acceleration G with certain orientation of the reciprocating motion of following piston stroke reliably can be provided.
Again, be that above-mentioned acceleration transducer is that mechanical type, its mode are the vavuum pump of contact press type, reed switch type or contact conducting type, make the mechanical type of contact press type, reed switch type or contact conducting type by degree of will speed up sensor, can make relatively simple for structure.Like this, make mechanical type by degree of will speed up sensor, its mode is contact press type, reed switch type or contact conducting type, with fairly simple frame for movement, such as utilizing wire spring, ticker and electric terminal portion to count to acceleration G reliably.
And for the present invention who addresses the above problem be a kind of vavuum pump, be separated into chamber and following chamber by piston in the cylinder, above-mentioned piston is connected with the handle that makes above-mentioned piston action by being located at the above-mentioned bolster of going up the chamber side, the upper dead center position of chamber has air entry that is equipped with check valve and the exhaust outlet that is equipped with check valve on above-mentioned, having in the following chamber of above-mentioned cylinder can be air-breathing and the opening interface of exhaust, by making the above-mentioned chamber of going up be negative pressure state towards the below action in above-mentioned piston, simultaneously, utilize the getter action of above-mentioned opening interface that above-mentioned piston is moved upward.Such as, when the air conditioner installation, by connecting pipings with indoor set with after off-premises station is connected, utilize air entry and exhaust outlet, when using with vavuum pump as decompression, when below action made the chamber be negative pressure state, the piston that utilizes the getter action of opening interface can revise the pressure reduction between chamber and the following chamber was directed automatically reseting upward by piston.Its result, piston is towards the certain power of below action need, and piston moves towards the top and needs power hardly, the operation of piston is very light.Such as, the airborne oxygen that must get rid of can be reduced to enough low degree from the reliability consideration of kind of refrigeration cycle, the operation of piston simultaneously needn't rely on electrodynamic type, and this is very favourable when implementing with hand.
Again, the present invention is the air conditioner construction method when utilizing vavuum pump that the air conditioner that indoor set and off-premises station is connected and composed by connecting pipings is installed, above-mentioned vavuum pump is, be separated into chamber and following chamber by piston in the cylinder, above-mentioned piston is connected with the handle that makes above-mentioned piston action by being located at the above-mentioned bolster of going up the chamber side, the upper dead center position of chamber has air entry that is equipped with check valve and the exhaust outlet that is equipped with check valve on above-mentioned, having in the following chamber of above-mentioned cylinder can be air-breathing and the opening interface of exhaust, above-mentioned piston forms when lower dead point position above-mentioned on interior space volume be first from above-mentioned cylinder outlet to above-mentioned air entry with check valve and above-mentioned exhaust outlet with the long-pending total space content of the space content of check valve is long-pending, the above-mentioned cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when the upper dead center position with above-mentioned piston and be: Vla/Vlb 〉=20 from above-mentioned cylinder outlet to above-mentioned air entry with amassing to the pass of second with the total space content of check valve with check valve and above-mentioned exhaust outlet, be by after making above-mentioned piston make above-mentioned last chamber be negative pressure state, utilize the getter action limit of above-mentioned opening interface to guide above-mentioned piston to be moved upward towards the below action, the limit makes above-mentioned indoor set and above-mentioned connecting pipings inside be the air conditioner construction method of negative pressure state.
Again, the present invention is the air conditioner construction method when utilizing vavuum pump that the air conditioner that indoor set and off-premises station is connected and composed by connecting pipings is installed, above-mentioned vavuum pump is, be separated into chamber and following chamber by piston in the cylinder, above-mentioned piston is connected with the handle that makes above-mentioned piston action by being located at the above-mentioned bolster of going up the chamber side, the upper dead center position of chamber has air entry that is equipped with check valve and the exhaust outlet that is equipped with check valve on above-mentioned, having in the following chamber of above-mentioned cylinder can be air-breathing and the opening interface of exhaust, above-mentioned piston forms when lower dead point position above-mentioned on interior space volume be first from above-mentioned cylinder outlet to above-mentioned air entry with check valve and above-mentioned exhaust outlet with the long-pending total space content of the space content of check valve is long-pending, the above-mentioned cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when the upper dead center position with above-mentioned piston and amass to the pass of second with the total space content of check valve with check valve and above-mentioned exhaust outlet from above-mentioned cylinder outlet to above-mentioned air entry and to be: Vla/Vlb 〉=20, be preferably Vla/Vlb 〉=40, be by after making above-mentioned piston make above-mentioned last chamber be negative pressure state towards the below action, utilize the getter action limit of above-mentioned opening interface to guide above-mentioned piston to be moved upward, the limit makes above-mentioned indoor set and above-mentioned connecting pipings inside be the air conditioner construction method of negative pressure state.Here, when constituting the mechanism of decompressor in the cylinder, can make the optimization that concerns between the spatial volume of maximum work to the mechanism of decompressor by making in the part that becomes dead space volume always and the cylinder on the vacuum pump structure of the present invention, just can obtain enough arrival vacuum.Therefore, during the air conditioner installation, the airborne oxygen that must get rid of enough low degree can be reduced to, the construction of air conditioner can be finished at short notice from the reliability consideration of kind of refrigeration cycle.
Again, be when installation, specific gas to be imported above-mentioned indoor set and connecting pipings, after having replaced air in above-mentioned indoor set and the connecting pipings with above-mentioned specific gas, make above-mentioned indoor set and above-mentioned connecting pipings inside be the air conditioner construction method of negative pressure state.According to this method, even because after will be residual when installation also being difficult for producing dysgenic gas for example the air in carbon dioxide and indoor set and the connecting pipings being replaced to kind of refrigeration cycle, re-use vavuum pump, so can carry out installation more reliably.
The accompanying drawing simple declaration
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of air conditioner of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the connection line figure of vavuum pump main body structure of the present invention and pressure hose.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of wanting the α of portion of vavuum pump shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is the summary structure chart of the acceleration transducer in the handle that is equipped on vavuum pump of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart that is located at the check valve of exhaust outlet of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of A-A ' face of the check valve of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the structure chart that is located at the check valve of air entry of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of wanting the β of portion of vavuum pump shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of filter part of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the concrete figure that wants dead space volume among the γ of portion, when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre that is illustrated in vavuum pump shown in Figure 2.
Figure 11 is the graph of a relation of the number of strokes and the internal pressure of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the connection line figure of the pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and exhaust side are coupled together of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the connection line figure of the pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and air-breathing oral-lateral are coupled together of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the graph of a relation of the number of strokes and the internal pressure of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the connection line figure of the pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and exhaust side are coupled together of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the connection line figure of the pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and air-breathing oral-lateral are coupled together of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the air flow structure figure of the air-breathing oral-lateral of filter part of the present invention.
Figure 18 is the air flow structure figure of the exhaust side of filter part of the present invention.
Figure 19 structure chart that is provided in the intrinsic once-through operation pipe joint of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the concrete figure that wants dead space volume among the δ of portion, when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre that is illustrated in vavuum pump shown in Figure 14.
Figure 21 is the graph of a relation of the number of strokes and the internal pressure of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the flow chart till the acceleration transducer of vavuum pump of the present invention is counted to expression.
Figure 23 is the summary structure chart of the acceleration transducer in the handle that is equipped on vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 24 is the synoptic diagram of deformeter of the acceleration transducer of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 25 is the testing circuit figure of deformeter of the acceleration transducer of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 26 is the graph of a relation of the number of strokes and the internal pressure of vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 27 is the synoptic diagram of the counter of the built-in acceleration transducer on the expression handle that is located at vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 28 is the synoptic diagram of mode of the acceleration transducer of expression vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 29 is the synoptic diagram of the counter of the built-in acceleration transducer on the expression handle that is located at vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 30 is the synoptic diagram of mode of the acceleration transducer of expression vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 31 is the synoptic diagram of the counter of the built-in acceleration transducer on the expression handle that is located at vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 32 is the synoptic diagram of mode of the acceleration transducer of expression vavuum pump of the present invention.
Figure 33 is the refrigeration cycle structure figure of the expression use vavuum pump of the present invention air conditioner of constructing.
Figure 34 is the connection line figure of expression vacuum pump structure of the present invention and pressure hose.
Figure 35 is the detailed structure view of the piston shown in Figure 2 of vavuum pump of the present invention when being in upper dead center position.
Figure 36 is the connection line figure of expression vacuum pump structure of the present invention and pressure hose.
The preferred forms of invention
Below utilize accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are explained.
(embodiment 1)
Fig. 1 is the refrigeration cycle structure figure of the air conditioner shown in the embodiment.Kind of refrigeration cycle is made of for the part of representative compressor 1, cross valve 2, outdoor heat converter 3, throttling arrangement 4, drying machine 5, indoor heat converter 6.Compressor 1, cross valve 2, outdoor heat converter 3, throttling arrangement 4, drying machine 5 are configured in the off-premises station A, and indoor heat converter 6 is configured in the indoor set B.
In off-premises station A, be provided with liquid side two-way valve 7 and gas side triple valve 8.The connecting pipings 9,10 that connects off-premises station A and indoor set B is connected with gas side triple valve 8 by liquid side two-way valve 7 respectively.Liquid side two-way valve 7 has threaded portion 7a, by opening this threaded portion 7a the pipe arrangement of off-premises station A side is communicated with connecting pipings 9.In addition, gas side triple valve 8 has threaded portion 8a and the 8b of satellite interface portion, by opening this threaded portion 8a the pipe arrangement of off-premises station A side is communicated with connecting pipings 10.
Now, off-premises station A is connected by inside and outside connecting pipings 9,10 with indoor set B, by pressure hose 11 the central interface 12a of instrument linker (gauge manifold) 12 is connected on the 8b of satellite interface portion of gas side triple valve 8 of off-premises station A, and utilizes the low-pressure side interface 12b that 2 air entries are connected into 13 pairs of instrument linkers 12 of pressure hose of 1 connecting portion to be connected with vavuum pump.
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram that describes the connection line of vavuum pump main body structure of the present invention and pressure hose in detail.
The vacuum pump structure is, by aluminum piston 16 cylinder interior is separated into Room 2 in aluminum cylinder body 15 inside, and piston 16 is connected with aluminum handle 18 by the bolster 17 of stainless steel.Be provided with acceleration transducer 181 and one-shot battery 182 in handle 18 inside, the upper face of handle 18 is provided with display part 183, can show the signal from acceleration transducer 181 on display part 183.
Fig. 3 be expression handle 18 structures want portion's synoptic diagram, Fig. 4 is the summary structure chart of acceleration transducer 181.
The silicon semiconductor of acceleration transducer 181 is made of sensor portion of doing very thinly and the big counterweight portion of area.Its action is, when the stroke movement of handle 18 stops, in case acceleration G takes place, then counterweight portion perception and make sensor portion that strain take place.This strain changes the resistance of the diffusion layer that is formed at sensor portion top.Piezo-electric effect by sensor portion detects the stress of following the strain of sensor portion that is caused by acceleration, is converted into voltage output by bridge circuit.The gross weight of vavuum pump body is roughly 1kg.
Piston 16 is direct-connected structure at the cylinder body next door internal check valve 19a, 19b, 20a, the 20b that become the top dead-centre face of piston 16, bottom dead centre face when cylinder 15 internal actions.This moment, exhaust outlet used Fig. 5, constructed products shown in Figure 6 with check valve 19a, 19b, and air entry uses constructed products shown in Figure 7 with check valve 20a, 20b.Exhaust outlet with check valve 19a, 19b by copper pipe 191 in the processing of two places rolling groove, add at groove and to be fixed with brass system valve on the 191a of the Ministry of worker and to accept pedestal 192.Nylon system valve body 193 is accepted pedestal 192 collisions with valve, carries out stopping to move after face contacts accepting pedestal 192 with the valve with chamfered portion.Again, in the opposite direction then adding Ministry of worker 191b place at groove makes valve body stop to move.Therefore, become the one-way valve structures that air only flows in the direction of arrow.Air-breathing with check valve 20a, 20b by copper pipe 201 in the processing of two places rolling groove, add the 201a of the Ministry of worker at groove and be fixed with brass system valve and accept pedestal 202.Compression helical spring body 203 combines with lamina membranacea 204, make nylon system lamina membranacea 204 and brass system valve accept pedestal 205 collisions by compression helical spring power, accept pedestal 205 and contact with the face of lamina membranacea 202 runner is stopped up, become the one-way valve structures that air only flows in the direction of arrow.Compression helical spring body 203 can produce minimum act pressure difference 10torr by using the product of the spring constant of SUS304 system as 0.04N/mm.Brass system valve is accepted pedestal 205 and is fixed in groove and adds Ministry of worker 201b place, and the upstream side runner place of accepting pedestal 205 at valve is provided with the tapering, to dwindle air-breathing flow area, increases the required pressure reduction of valve start as far as possible.
Be equipped with axle envelope 21a, 21b shown in Figure 8 in the part that the next door of bolster 17 and cylinder 15 joins, this envelope is encircled the structure that makes 2 layers for the O shape with the HNBR system.Also be provided with the axle envelope 22 of HNBR system O shape ring in the part that the inwall of piston 16 and cylinder 15 joins.
The internal structure of filter part 14 as shown in Figure 9.The body of filter part 14 is a cylindrical shape, enters inner air and bumps against with wall 141 immediately, and flow to the peripheral direction break-in, enters the inner passage by the roll paper serous coat 142 of fixed configurations in inside, finally is drawn towards the outside.Therefore, air from peripheral channel during by the inner passage side rubbish obtain collecting.The rubbish of collecting can be by the transparent glass or resinous cylinder 143 Visual Confirmations of filter part 14.
Action to vavuum pump describes below.At first, handle 18 is pulled to a direction (top dead-centre side), the inner air of indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 then, from the 8b of satellite interface portion via pressure hose 11, instrument linker 12, pressure hose 13, by becoming the check valve 20b of air entry, be attracted to cylinder interior 14b, the air of cylinder interior 14a is emitted to atmosphere by the check valve 19a that becomes exhaust outlet on the contrary.Then, when handle 18 is pushed to b direction (bottom dead centre side), the air of indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside from the 8b of satellite interface portion via pressure hose 11, instrument linker 12, pressure hose 13, by becoming the check valve 20a of air entry, be attracted to cylinder interior 14a, the air of cylinder interior 14b is emitted to atmosphere by the check valve 19b that becomes exhaust outlet on the contrary.Handle 18 makes handle 18 move back and forth towards a direction (top dead-centre side) once more with spurring then, and piston 16 is synchronous with it.At this moment, 4 check valves constantly switch, and no matter to moving, cylinder interior is constantly decompression always, finally reaches enough negative pressure state towards which side of a direction, b direction for piston.Strictly speaking, when handle 18 moves back and forth, as long as can produce the work that pressure reduction just can continue depressurization mechanism between pressure hose 13 inside and cylinder interior 14a or the 14ba.Therefore, the little thing of minimum act pressure difference is adopted in check valve 20a, the 20b requirement that is located at air entry.Determining this minimum act pressure difference, is the spring constant of compression helical spring body 203 in the check valve of present embodiment.
This a series of reciprocating action can be detected by acceleration transducer 181, can be presented on the display part 183 as the number of times that handle 18 is carried out stroke movement.At the initial stage of using vavuum pump, between cylinder interior 14a and 14b, produce big pressure reduction, but along with the reciprocating motion of piston, this pressure reduction state is decayed gradually.This moment axle envelope 21a, 21b be for the pressure reduction between the negative pressure (30torr is following) that can fully guarantee cylinder 14 inside and the outer gas (760torr), in order to prevent the air leakage as far as possible, so the O shape ring structure of 2 layers of employings.By making 2 layers of structure, during the bolster action, can prevent that foreign matter from clinging easily and snapping in the sealing.In addition, axle envelope 22 adopts 1 O shape ring just can fully guarantee the pressure reduction state that piston 16 produces when moving back and forth.
Below concrete installation is explained in proper order.The pressure hose 13 of vavuum pump changed into satellite interface 8b from the state that is connected with the low-pressure side interface 12b of instrument linker 12 be connected, make that pressure hose 11 is inner to become connected state with indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside.In addition, be out state by the low-pressure side handle 12c that makes instrument linker 12, then pressure hose 13 inside are connected state.Make the handle 18 of vavuum pump reciprocating then, the operator can read the number of times of its stroke movement from display part 183, can be in enough negative pressure state in this inside of inferring indoor set B and connecting pipings 9.In addition, the scale of the low pressure instrument 12d that the operator can be by instrument linker 12 is finally confirmed enough negative pressure state.Make the low-pressure side handle 12c of instrument linker 12 be closed condition then immediately, place the not variation of scale to confirm low pressure instrument 12d for a moment.Here, there is the place that causes that air leaks in explanation connecting pipings portion if scale changes.Open the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 then a little, import, make the pipe arrangement inside of connecting pipings 9,10 and indoor set B side be faint barotropic state (about 0.2kgf/cm by refrigerant gas with off-premises station A side 2).Unload pressure hose 11 from the 8b of satellite interface portion then, once more the threaded portion 7a rotation 1/4 of liquid side two-way valve 7 is changeed, making becomes pressurized state (3～6kgf/cm once more 2) to reaffirm the leakage of connecting pipings portion.When being complete open state by the threaded portion 7a that makes liquid side two-way valve 7 at last, make the threaded portion 8a of gas side triple valve 8 also be complete open state, the installation exercise of relevant like this air conditioner construction is all finished.
In the present embodiment, comprise that the indoor set B side line of indoor heat converter 6 and the internal volume of connecting pipings 9,10 use 1.5 liters thing.In the vavuum pump, the cylinder space internal volume was that (φ 27 * 260mm), and the cylinder outlet that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is long-pending to the aggregated content of air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side to be 1.5ml for 150ml when piston was positioned at top dead-centre.But, in the interface that produces in the cylinder body next door is also contained in flow channel space.The cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is 2ml.The space content of the cylinder interior dead space volume that cylinder space internal volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre and piston form when being positioned at bottom dead centre and 2 check valves from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and exhaust side is long-pending adds up to Vla, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre, and the space content of 2 check valves from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and exhaust side long-pending add up to Vlb the time, then the pass of Vla and Vlb is: Vla/lb=44.
Figure 10 be when becoming piston and be positioned at bottom dead centre from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the total space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side Vlb long-pending and the cylinder dead space volume partly carry out concrete diagram.Air entry and exhaust outlet are the top dead-centre face and the bottom dead centre face of cylinder body, and by respectively there to be 2 direct-connected states of check valve to imbed in the next door, and the part that is designed so that to become the dead space volume of the mechanism of decompressor on system architecture is Min..
At this moment, implement, use vavuum pump, handle is carried out 40 strokes reciprocating motions can reach 30torr according to the above-mentioned sequence of operation.The decompression of this moment is carried out state and is shown in Figure 11 with the relation table of number of strokes and internal pressure.State is carried out in decompression till 50 strokes and confirm, find when 40 strokes, to arrive vacuum and reached poised state, no longer continue to change.Therefore, the vacuum pump application that can know present embodiment is 1.5 liters a occasion to internal volume, and 40 strokes become the roughly standard that arrives vacuum.Monitor for the digital pressure sensor that correct vacuum utilization is provided with in addition.
(embodiment 2)
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram that the connection line to the pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and exhaust side are coupled together of present embodiment is elaborated.Figure 13 is the synoptic diagram of the connection line of pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and air-breathing oral-lateral are coupled together.As the use of the vavuum pump body in present embodiment equipment similarly to Example 1, but be equipped with the pressure hose 23 that exhaust outlet is connected to 1 connecting portion.To component omission its detailed description identical with embodiment 1 structure.
Utilize the actuating mechanism of vavuum pump that its effect is described below.At first, handle 18 is pulled to a direction (top dead-centre side), and then the air of cylinder interior 14a imports indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside by the check valve 19a that becomes exhaust outlet.Handle 18 is pushed to b direction (bottom dead centre side) then, and then the air of cylinder interior 14b is imported into indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside by the check valve 19b that becomes exhaust outlet.Handle 18 makes handle 18 move back and forth towards a direction (top dead-centre side) once more with spurring then, and piston 16 is synchronous with it.At this moment, constantly switch at 4 check valves of cylinder interior, no matter piston, can both be used as the pressurization that constantly makes indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside become the atmosphere pressurized state and use with pump to moving towards which side of a direction, b direction.These operations are undertaken by manpower, thus the pressurization degree must be restricted, but if to about 5kg/cm 2Till be who can both the easy to reach degree.
Below concrete installation is described in proper order.By connecting pipings with indoor set B with after off-premises station A is connected, change into the 8b of satellite interface portion from the state that is connected with the low-pressure side interface 12b of instrument linker 12 by pressure hose 23 and to be connected, make that pressure hose 11 is inner to become connected state with indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside the exhaust side of vavuum pump.In addition, be out state by the low-pressure side handle 12c that makes instrument linker 12, then pressure hose 13 inside are connected state.Make the handle 18 of vavuum pump reciprocating then, the operator becomes closed condition moving with manpower when feeling painstaking by making low-pressure side handle 12c, and 5kg/cm can be thought to be about in indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside 2The atmosphere pressurized state.This force value can be confirmed by low pressure instrument 12d, by placing for a moment, can follow the leak test of connecting pipings operation.Then the low-pressure side interface 12b of pressure hose 23 from instrument linker 12 unloaded, be out state,, get back to atmospheric pressure state so that forced air is emitted towards the outside by making low-pressure side handle 12c.Then, the pressure hose 13 with vavuum pump is connected with the low-pressure side interface 12b of instrument linker 12.The state that the low-pressure side handle 12c of instrument linker 12 maintenance is at this moment opened is so become connected state with indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside.The handle 18 of vavuum pump can reduce pressure when reciprocating gradually, and the operator can this infer that the inside that indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 has been in enough negative pressure state by read the number of times of its stroke movement from display part 183.In addition, the operator can pass through the enough negative pressure state of the final affirmation of scale of the low pressure instrument 12d of instrument linker 12.Make the low-pressure side handle 12c of instrument linker 12 be closed condition then immediately.Open the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 then a little, import, make the pipe arrangement inside of connecting pipings 9,10 and indoor set B side be faint barotropic state (about 0.2kgf/cm by refrigerant gas with off-premises station A side 2).Unload pressure hose 11 from the 8b of satellite interface portion then, the threaded portion 7a with liquid side two-way valve 7 becomes wide-open state once more.Also be complete open state by the threaded portion 8a that makes gas side triple valve 8 at last, the installation exercise of relevant like this air conditioner construction is all finished.
In the present embodiment, comprise that the indoor set B side line of indoor heat converter 6 and the internal volume of connecting pipings 9,10 use 1.5 liters thing.In the vavuum pump, the cylinder space internal volume was that (φ 27 * 440mm), and the aggregated content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is long-pending to be 1.5ml for 250ml when piston was positioned at top dead-centre.But, in the interface that produces in the cylinder body next door is also contained in flow channel space.The cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is 2ml.The pass of trying to achieve Vla and Vlb with embodiment 1 in the same manner is: Vla/Vlb=72.
At this moment, implement, use vavuum pump, handle is carried out can reaching 18torr after 40 strokes move back and forth according to the above-mentioned sequence of operation.The decompression of this moment is carried out state and is shown in Figure 14 with the relation table of number of strokes and internal pressure.Become below the 30torr to 25 strokes, state is carried out in decompression till 50 strokes to confirm, find when 40 strokes, to arrive vacuum and reached poised state, no longer continue to change.Therefore, the vacuum pump application that can know present embodiment is 1.5 liters a occasion to internal volume, and 40 strokes also are the roughly standards that arrives vacuum.The digital pressure sensor that correct vacuum utilization is provided with is in addition monitored.
In the present embodiment, use with pump, can fully follow the leak test of installation exercise by the exhaust side of vavuum pump is used as pressurization.If in the past, can only utilize cold-producing medium that connecting pipings and indoor set are carried out leak test, and the atmosphere of the present invention after by such utilization pressurization carry out leak test the air conditioner construction method soft to environment just can be provided.
(embodiment 3)
In the present embodiment, omitted instrument linker 12 has been set the circuit from satellite interface to vavuum pump.Figure 15 is the synoptic diagram of connection line of the pressure hose that vavuum pump main body structure and exhaust side are coupled together of present embodiment, and Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram of the connection line of pressure hose that air-breathing oral-lateral is coupled together.The vacuum pump structure is, by aluminum piston 27 cylinder interior is separated into Room 2 in aluminum cylinder body 15 inside, and piston 27 is connected with aluminum handle 18 by the bolster 17 of stainless steel.Be provided with acceleration transducer similarly to Example 1 in handle 18 inside, can on display part, show signal from acceleration transducer.In the present embodiment, piston 27 is when cylinder 15 internal actions, and check valve 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b make the structure on the next door, cylinder body side of the face of dead point haply that is equivalent to piston 27 of directly being connected, bottom dead centre face.For using product with embodiment 1 same size as check valve 30a, the 30b of exhaust outlet and as check valve 31a, 31b that air entry is used.In addition, the part that bolster 17 and cylinder next door join is also identical with embodiment 1 to be equipped with same axle envelope, and the part that the inwall of piston 27 and cylinder 15 joins also is provided with axle envelope 22.
Figure 17, Figure 18 represent the internal structure of filter part 14 and flowing of air.Filter part 14 bodies are cylindrical shape, when filter part 14 is used for air-breathing oral-lateral, promptly as shown in figure 17, entering inner air bumps against with wall 251 immediately, outwards Zhou Liudao 252 break-ins are flowed, enter inner passage 254 by the roll paper serous coat 253 of fixed configurations, finally be drawn towards the outside in inside.Again, when being used for exhaust side, promptly as shown in figure 18, runner 254 flows to the air in roll paper serous coat 253 outsides internally, with cylinder paper pulp nonwoven 255 collisions of the cylinder body internal face that is located at filter part 14, discharges to the outside by peripheral channel 252.Therefore, utilize the thinner roll paper serous coat 253 of grid to collect rubbish when being used for air-breathing oral-lateral, utilize the thicker cylinder paper pulp nonwoven of grid 255 to collect rubbish when being used for exhaust side.
Exhaust outlet adopts the product with embodiment 1 same structure shown in Figure 7 with the product of embodiment 1 same structure shown in check valve 30a, 30b employing and Fig. 5,6, air entry check valve 31a, 31b.
Exhaust outlet is equipped with once-through operation pipe joint 34a, 34b by junction surface 33a, 33b respectively with check valve 30a, 30b.In addition, air entry is equipped with once-through operation pipe joint 36a, 36b by junction surface 35a, 35b respectively with check valve 31a, 31b.The structure of once-through operation pipe joint 34a, 34b, 36a, 36b is roughly the same, and Figure 19 is that expression is with the structural outline figure of once-through operation pipe joint 34a as representative.Below concrete structure is explained.Discharge pipe box 341 along the pressure hose configuration, discharge pipe box 341 and fix by guiding element 343 and opening folder 344 is set in body 342.Be provided with chuck 345 between release pipe box 341 and opening folder 344, chuck 345 is the lip packing 346 of CR rubber system, makes chuck 345 bite pressure hose by pressing to the pressure hose side, comes off to prevent pressure hose.In addition, fashionable to inner side pressure when discharging pipe box 341 along pressure hose, the pressure of chuck 345 is discharged, so pressure hose is dismantled easily.As long as giving full play to function, release pipe box 346 just can prevent that air from leaking.
Below concrete installation is described in proper order.By connecting pipings with indoor set B with after off-premises station A is connected, the pressure hose 13 that will become the connector that connects 2 exhaust outlets is connected the exhaust side of vavuum pump.Specifically, will be connected with once-through operation pipe joint 34a, 34b respectively by the pressure hose of filter 14 branches.In addition, pressure hose 13 also is connected with the 8b of satellite interface portion.Then, the handle 18 of vavuum pump is moved back and forth, the operator feels painstaking and when stopping, 5kg/cm can be thought to be about in indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside moving with manpower 2The atmosphere pressurized state.This judgement is very easy concerning the personnel that the construction operation experience is arranged slightly.Can utilize suds etc. to follow the leak test of connecting pipings operation then.By with once-through operation pipe joint 34a, 34b dismounting, make indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside return atmospheric pressure state once more after the leak test.The branching portion of pressure hose 13 is connected with once-through operation pipe joint 36a, 36b respectively.The handle 18 of vavuum pump can reduce pressure when reciprocating gradually, and the operator can this infer that the inside that indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 has been in enough negative pressure state by read the number of times of its stroke movement from display part.Promptly, as long as the operator grasps the relation of the number of strokes of the length of connecting pipings 9 and vavuum pump in advance from experience and database, only number of strokes is confirmed, but become enough negative pressure state with regard to speculative arbitration indoor set B and connecting pipings 9 inside by acceleration transducer.
Open the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 then, import, make the pipe arrangement inside of connecting pipings 9,10 and indoor set B side be faint barotropic state (about 0.2kgf/cm by refrigerant gas with off-premises station A side 2).The 8b of satellite interface portion unloads pressure hose 13 then, and the threaded portion 7a with liquid side two-way valve 7 becomes wide-open state once more.Also be complete open state by the threaded portion 8a that makes gas side triple valve 8 at last, the installation exercise of relevant like this air conditioner construction is all finished.
In the present embodiment, comprise that the indoor set B side line of indoor heat converter 6 and the internal volume of connecting pipings 9,10 use 2.5 liters thing.In the vavuum pump, the cylinder space internal volume was that (φ 27 * 440mm), and the aggregated content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is long-pending to be 1.5ml for 250ml when piston was positioned at top dead-centre.But, in the interface that produces in the cylinder body next door is also contained in flow channel space.The cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is 3ml.The pass of trying to achieve Vla and Vlb with embodiment 1 in the same manner is: Vla/Vlb=57.Figure 20 is that the total space content of 2 check valves from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and exhaust side when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre Vlb long-pending and that become the cylinder dead space volume partly carries out concrete diagram.By air entry and exhaust outlet being constituted on the side next door suitable, imbedding structure in the next door so that 2 direct-connected states of check valve just respectively to be arranged with the top dead-centre face of cylinder body and bottom dead centre face, being designed on system architecture becomes the minimal while as the part of the dead space volume of the mechanism of decompressor, by check valve being located at the next door, side, the bottom surface of the cylinder 15 of vavuum pump being placed under the first-class state in ground just can carrying out reciprocating motion of the pistons.Its result has improved the operability of operator to vavuum pump.
At this moment,, by using vavuum pump handle is carried out can reaching 22torr after 70 strokes move back and forth according to the above-mentioned sequence of operation.The decompression of this moment is carried out state and is shown in Figure 21 with the relation table of number of strokes and internal pressure.Reached below the 30torr by carrying out 60 strokes, state has been carried out in decompression till 80 strokes to confirm, found when 70 strokes, to arrive vacuum and reached poised state, no longer continued to change.Therefore, the vacuum pump application that can know present embodiment is 2.5 liters a occasion to internal volume, and 70 strokes are for arriving the roughly standard of vacuum.The digital pressure sensor that correct vacuum utilization is provided with is in addition monitored.
In the present embodiment, will have at first dismounting simply jockey vavuum pump exhaust side as the pressurization use pump, can fully follow the leak test of installation exercise.Then pressure hose being changed to air-breathing oral-lateral just can be used as original decompression and use with vavuum pump.Like this, the pressure hose part changing-over of the connecting portion by only will becoming each exhaust outlet or air entry just can separately be used the action function of vavuum pump to exhaust side or air-breathing oral-lateral.In addition, required pressure hose needs only 1, so the device more more small-sized than embodiment 2 can be provided.
Used the jockey of the simple dismounting of energy promptly to have once-through operation pipe joint shown in Figure 19 in the present embodiment, be not limited thereto but can be applied to simple and easy removable jockey of the present invention.Also can use tube connector of other no self seal mechanisms etc.
Being through with to cold-producing medium by the order of embodiment 1,2,3 is that R410A, refrigerating machine oil are the construction of the air conditioner of ester class, the discharge temperature of compressor is set at 115 ℃ overload condition, as the refrigeration hot conditions indoor set, off-premises station all are made as 40 ℃, reliability test has been carried out 5000 hours.Its result does not take place unusually.
In the vavuum pump mechanism of decompressor of the present invention, cylinder interior can keep decompression state by the action of piston always, but the cylinder interior dead space volume that piston forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre and from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the spatial volume of 2 check valves of exhaust side become dead space volume.So-called cylinder interior dead space volume is small gap that forms when piston and cylinder bottom dead centre face join and air entry and the exhaust outlet passage that forms in the cylinder next door.Therefore, with respect to arriving vacuum, cylinder interior dead space volume that cylinder space internal volume and piston form when being positioned at bottom dead centre and the space content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side are long-pending adds up to Vla, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre with piston and from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side long-pending for the relation of Vlb very important.In addition, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre reaches from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the spatial volume of 2 check valves of exhaust side, because the very big words of above-mentioned relatively dead space volume, then piston top dead-centre side does not have the function of vavuum pump, or vacuum degree is descended, so the dead space volume that preferably makes top dead-centre side and the formation of bottom dead centre side about equally.That is, the dead space volume that piston bottom dead centre side forms is more important to the influence that arrives vacuum than piston top dead-centre side, and this is because the shared volume of bolster makes the cylinder space volume little cause that narrows down.
The cylinder interior dead space volume that the long-pending total Vla of cylinder interior dead space volume that cylinder space internal volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre and piston form when being positioned at bottom dead centre and the space content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre with piston and from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the total space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side amass the relation of Vlb, be designed to Vla/Vlb 〉=40, find as long as the leakage rate of restraining check valve to a certain extent, move back and forth by the handle that makes this vavuum pump, can reach below the 30torr fully.Consider the long-term reliability of kind of refrigeration cycle, even no gas leakage is gone up in design, but Vla/Vlb 〉=40 still need.If the ratio of Vla/Vlb is too big, although can not bring what problem to arriving vacuum, the vavuum pump volume is big, weight increases, can make and carry difficulty.In addition, the operation that handle is moved back and forth also worsens.
Among the present invention, find that the required vavuum pump number of strokes of air conditioner construction is to be determined by the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings and the relation of cylinder space internal volume.It at the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 1.5 liters occasion, the cylinder space internal volume is 150 or 250ml, can reach balance by about 40 strokes reciprocating motion, it at the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 2.5 liters occasion, the cylinder space internal volume is 250ml, moves back and forth by about 70 strokes to reach balance.Therefore, these relations are made database, as long as the number of strokes of vavuum pump is managed, the operator just can roughly judge the situation that arrives vacuum.
The axle envelope that the present invention uses is that hardness is about 60～90 synthetic rubber when spring A type.Specifically also can use CR, EPDM, NBR etc. except that using the HNBR.In addition, the axle envelope among the embodiment adopts the structure of 2 layers of O shapes ring, with the point that contacts of bolster 2 places is arranged, at this moment, when bolster when cylinder is outside, the contact point of outer side has the effect that the dust that is bonded on the bolster is removed.In addition, bolster in the middle of the motion of fierceness by contact point is had more than 2 places, even then a side takes place that air leaks and the opposing party's contact point also can seal.
But as the structure of the check valve of spendable exhaust side among the present invention also can be the animal mobile open and close valve structure that forms in pipe that is made of light weight, small-sized Metal Ball beyond the embodiment.Resin also can use fluorine element series plastics and the PPS such as PFA, PVDF beyond the nylon.The check valve that uses among the present invention, the minimum act pressure difference of air-breathing oral-lateral is more important than exhaust side.That is, this be because, exhaust side is the trend that has pressure differential to increase gradually when vavuum pump move, air-breathing oral-lateral then has the cause that makes the interior pressure differential of indoor set and connecting pipings and cylinder reduce trend on the contrary.Therefore, the check valve of air-breathing oral-lateral is preferably selected for use with little pressure reduction just can carry out the product that valve cuts out, and minimum specifically act pressure difference is below the 10torr.And preferably pressure reduction is 1kgf/cm 2State under quantity of gas leakage below 1ml/min.This is because if in a single day the operator stops the lever operated of vavuum pump, arrival vacuum originally descends at once, the cause that operability will variation.Specifically, the employed compression helical spring of present embodiment is accepted pedestal so that the check valve that runner blocks is very suitable by resin molding is pressed to.The spring constant of the compression helical spring of this moment is 0.01～0.04N/mm.Below 0.01N/mm, because of the direction of vavuum pump, make compression helical spring because of the influence of gravity can not give full play to the situation of function when occurring carrying out operation sometimes as spring constant.
Be to use the hand handle that vavuum pump is moved among the embodiment, but also pedal can be set, make the action and the synchronous mechanical mechanism of pedal that make piston.With respect to traditional electrodynamic type, utilize the manpower of handle or pedal also can obtain enough vacuum, can alleviate the burden of environment during the air conditioner construction, from the angle of the environment of preserving our planet, the meaning effect is very big.
(embodiment 4)
The refrigeration cycle structure of the air conditioner of present embodiment 4 is that Fig. 1 is identical with the refrigeration cycle structure figure of embodiment 1.
The separate type air conditioner of present embodiment, off-premises station A is connected with connecting pipings 9,10 ring-types with indoor set B, the refrigerant gas that to bring into play the required amount of regulation cooling/heating ability in advance pours into the pipe arrangement inside of off-premises station A, and the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 and the threaded portion 8a of gas side triple valve 8 are closed.And after indoor set B being connected in the construction of off-premises station A with connecting pipings 9,10, the of the present invention vavuum pump P shown in Figure 16 to the airborne oxygen utilization that must get rid of from the reliability consideration of kind of refrigeration cycle vacuumizes enough degree that is reduced to each inside of indoor set B and connecting pipings 9,10.
Promptly, the connecting pipings 9,10 that will be connected with indoor set B is connected with gas side triple valve 8 with the liquid side two-way valve 7 of off-premises station A, then vavuum pump P is connected with the 8b of satellite interface portion of the gas side triple valve 8 of off-premises station A with becoming the pressure hose 13 that 2 air entries 31 are connected into 1 connecting interface portion.Be equipped with filter part 14 in the circuit of pressure hose 13.
Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram that describes the connection line of the structure of vavuum pump P of the present invention and pressure hose in detail.No matter utilize the operation up and down of handle 18, still be the action of b direction towards a direction, and the pressure reduction of Room 2 weakens during all from the initial stage gradually, makes above-mentioned air entry 31 sides be negative pressure state.
Be provided with Fig. 3, acceleration transducer 181 and one-shot battery 182 shown in Figure 4 in handle 18 inside, in the hope of by piston 27 predicted the negative pressure state of above-mentioned air entry 31 sides towards the stroke counting (detection) of a direction and b direction.And, be provided with display part 183 at the upper face of handle 18, infer that according to the detection signal of acceleration transducer 181 negative pressure state of above-mentioned air entry 31 sides also can show on display part 183.In addition, air entry 31, exhaust outlet 30 are separately positioned on upper dead center position, the lower dead point position position adjacent with 2 chamber 26a, 26b of cylinder 15, and the gross weight of vavuum pump P is roughly 1kg.
Fig. 3 be expression handle 18 structures want portion's synoptic diagram, Fig. 4 is the summary structure chart of acceleration transducer 181.Acceleration transducer 181 usefulness silicon semiconductors 40 also are made of sensor portion 41 of doing very thinly and the big counterweight portion 42 of area.And, the action of acceleration transducer 181 is, piston 27 during by the upper dead center position of manual arrival cylinder 15 or lower dead point position and the wall of cylinder 15 collide, when the stroke movement of handle 18 stops, the acceleration G that above-mentioned collision causes takes place in this moment, counterweight portion this acceleration of 42 perception and make sensor portion 41 that strains take place.
Above-mentioned strain changes the resistance of the diffusion layer 43 on the top that is formed at sensor portion 41.That is, acceleration transducer 181, the piezo-electric effect by sensor portion 41 detects the stress of following 41 strains of sensor portion that acceleration G causes, is transformed into voltage output by bridge circuit, can be used as 1 stroke and count when it surpasses certain value.Among the figure, the 44th, electrode, the 45th, comprise the shell of the base plate that is fixed with electrode 44.
Figure 22 is the reciprocating motion counting of 181 pairs of pistons 27 of acceleration transducer and infers the flow chart that shows till the air entry 31 side negative pressure state with this.Utilize the output signal of the piezo-electric effect generation of 50 pairs of sensor portions 41 of amplifier to amplify, behind unwanted composition in filter part 51 these output signals of eliminating, again by making this output signal be transformed into the A/D converter 52 of data signal, according to the signal that so obtains, negative pressure state in 53 pairs of air entry 31 sides of calculating part is calculated, the final counting that just shows on display part 183.
Action to vavuum pump P describes below.At first, handle 18 is pulled to a direction (top dead-centre side), the inner air of indoor set B and connecting pipings 9,10 then, be attracted in the chamber 26a of cylinder 15 inside via the breather cheek valve 31b of pressure hose 13, filter part 14 and air entry 31 from the 8b of satellite interface portion, the air of the chamber 26a of cylinder 15 inside is emitted to atmosphere by the exhaust check valve 30a of exhaust outlet 30 on the contrary.
Then, when handle 18 is pushed to b direction (bottom dead centre side), the air of indoor set B and connecting pipings 9,10 inside is attracted in the chamber 26b of cylinder 15 inside via the breather cheek valve 31a of pressure hose 13, filter 14 and air entry 31 from the 8b of satellite interface portion, and the air of the chamber 26a of cylinder 15 inside is emitted to atmosphere by the exhaust check valve 30b of exhaust outlet 30 on the contrary.
Then handle 18 once more towards a direction (top dead-centre side) pulling handle 18 is moved back and forth, piston 17 is synchronized with the movement with it.At this moment, 4 check valves constantly switch, and no matter to moving, cylinder 15 inside are constantly decompression always, finally reaches enough negative pressure state towards which side of a direction, b direction for piston.Strictly speaking, when handle 18 moves back and forth, depressurization mechanism is worked on as long as can produce pressure reduction between pressure hose 13 inside and cylinder interior 26a or the 26b.Therefore, the little thing of minimum act pressure difference is adopted in breather cheek valve 31a, the 31b requirement that is located at air entry 31.Determining this minimum act pressure difference, is the spring constant of compression helical spring 203 in the breather cheek valve of present embodiment.
When implementing this a series of reciprocating action of vavuum pump P, piston 27 collides with the inwall of cylinder 15 respectively at upper dead center position and lower dead point position, and at this moment the operator can make it produce the acceleration of 1～5G.This acceleration G is delivered to handle 18 by bolster 17.Its result, acceleration transducer 181 detects the acceleration G of generation and can show the number of times of stroke movement on display part 183.
At the initial stage of using vavuum pump P, between the chamber 26a of cylinder 15 inside and 26b, produce big pressure reduction, but along with the reciprocating motion of piston 27, this pressure reduction state is decayed gradually and is diminished.This moment axle envelope 21a, 21b for the pressure reduction state between the negative pressure (30torr is following) that can fully guarantee cylinder 15 inside and the outer gas (760torr), prevent the air leakage as far as possible, so 2 layers of O shape ring structure of employing.By making 2 layers of such structure, when bolster 17 actions, can prevent that foreign matter from clinging easily and snapping in the sealing.In addition, axle envelope 22 adopts 1 O shape ring just can fully guarantee the pressure reduction state that piston 27 produces when moving back and forth.
Concrete installation to air conditioner explains in proper order below.The connecting pipings 9,10 that will be connected with indoor set B is connected with gas side triple valve 8 with the liquid side two-way valve 7 of off-premises station A, then vavuum pump P is connected to pressure hose 13 on the 8b of satellite interface portion of gas side triple valve 8 of off-premises station A.Like this, vavuum pump P, by this pressure hose 13 is installed on the 8b of satellite interface portion, the inside of the inside of pressure hose 13 and indoor set B and connecting pipings 9,10 is connected state.
Make the handle 18 of vavuum pump P reciprocating then, the operator can be by reading the number of times of its stroke movement from display part 183, has been in enough negative pressure state with the inside of this speculative arbitration indoor set B and connecting pipings 9,10.Unclamp the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 then a little,, make connecting pipings 9,10 and indoor set side line inside be faint barotropic state (about 0.2kgf/cm by importing filling in the refrigerant gas of outdoor pusher side 2).Unload pressure hose 13 from the 8b of satellite interface portion then, the 8b of satellite interface portion closes automatically.Then, once more the threaded portion 7a rotation 1/4 of liquid side two-way valve 7 is changeed, made pressurized state (3～6kgf/cm once more 2) to reaffirm the leakage of connecting pipings portion.When making the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 be complete open state at last, make the threaded portion 8a of gas side triple valve 8 also be complete open state, the installation exercise of relevant like this air conditioner construction is all finished.
In the present embodiment, using the internal volume of the indoor set side line comprise indoor heat converter 6 and connecting pipings 9,10 is 2.5 liters device.In the vavuum pump, the cylinder space internal volume was that (φ 27 * 440mm), and the total space content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side as exhaust outlet 30 that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is long-pending to be 1.5ml for 250ml when piston 27 was positioned at top dead-centre.But, in the interface that produces on cylinder 15 body next doors is also contained in flow channel space.
The cylinder interior dead space volume that piston 27 forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre is 3ml.The cylinder interior dead space volume that cylinder space internal volume that piston 27 forms when being positioned at top dead-centre and piston form when being positioned at bottom dead centre, and the long-pending total space content of the space content of 2 check valves from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and exhaust side is long-pending is Vla, the long-pending Vlb of being of the total space content that the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre reaches from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side is long-pending, then the pass of Vla and Vlb is: Vla/Vlb=57.
Figure 20 is, when being positioned at bottom dead centre to becoming piston 27 from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the total space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side Vlb long-pending and the cylinder dead space volume partly carry out concrete diagram.Air entry 31 and exhaust outlet 30 are the upper dead center position and the lower dead point position of cylinder 27, and by respectively to have 2 exhaust check valve 30a, 30b, the direct-connected state of breather cheek valve 31a, 31b to imbed in the next door, side, on system architecture, be designed so that part as the dead space volume of the mechanism of decompressor become as far as possible minimum in, the bottom surface of the cylinder 15 of vavuum pump P is placed directly under the first-class state in ground can carries out the reciprocating motion of piston 27.Its result can improve the operability of operator to vavuum pump, also needn't take great energy especially in the use, gets final product with normal operations.
Vavuum pump P implements according to the above-mentioned sequence of operation, and handle 18 is carried out can reaching 22torr after 70 strokes move back and forth.State is carried out in the decompression of this moment be shown in Figure 21 with the relation table of the internal pressure of the number of strokes of transverse axis and the longitudinal axis.State is carried out in decompression till 80 strokes and confirm, find when 70 strokes, to arrive vacuum and reached poised state, no longer continue to change.Therefore, the vavuum pump P that can know present embodiment is 2.5 liters a occasion being applied to internal volume, and 70 strokes are for arriving the roughly standard of vacuum.
The digital pressure sensor that correct vacuum utilization is provided with is in addition monitored.The operator also can count number of strokes in brains, but if can utilize acceleration transducer to show number of strokes reliably as present embodiment, and then operation is very convenient.Others and he talks and causes miscount in the counting stroke procedure such as preventing the operator.
Again, degree of will speed up sensor 181 is arranged on the inside of handle 18 in the present embodiment, but is not limited thereto.That is, because the piston 27 that collides with cylinder 15 and bolster are 17 fixing, bolster 17 is fixing with handle 18, so can both reach its intended purposes as long as be arranged in any one of piston, bolster or handle.
(embodiment 5)
Figure 23 is the summary structure chart of the interior acceleration transducer of the handle that is equipped on vavuum pump of embodiments of the invention 5.Used the product of electrostrictive strain resistance type in the present embodiment as the mode of acceleration transducer, the vacuum pump structure has used the product identical with embodiment 4 in addition, and detailed only explains difference here.
Be provided with pillar 132 in the shell 131, the front end of arm 134 is provided with counterweight 133, and arm 134 is supported on the pillar 132 with being cantilever position.Positive and negative 2 places on these arm 134 surfaces are bonded with the part that becomes deformeter 135.Figure 24 is the structure chart of deformeter 135.Thickness is the metal forming 152 of the aluminium of 3 μ m on bonding on the insulation diaphragm 151 of polyimides, utilize photoetching to form the figure of required shape and resistance value after, cover diaphragm in the above, 153 is lead.
Figure 25 is the testing circuit figure that utilizes the deformeter of acceleration transducer in the vavuum pump of the present invention.When changes in resistance was made as Δ R in the time of will applying load (acceleration G) to the free end of cantilever 134, if establish a point of bridge circuit, the voltage that b is ordered is Va and Vb, output voltage was Vo, and then each voltage is expressed from the next.Carry out signal after output signal is amplified and handle, on display part, show counting by the method identical with embodiment 4.
Va＝V·R1/(R1+RG1+ΔR)
Vb＝V·R2/(R2+RG2+ΔR)
Vo＝1Va-Vb1
In the present embodiment, using the internal volume of the indoor set side line comprise indoor heat converter 6 and connecting pipings 9,10 is 1.5 liters device.In the vavuum pump, the cylinder space internal volume was that (φ 27 * 350mm) for 200ml when piston 27 was positioned at top dead-centre, the total space content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is long-pending to be 1.5ml, and the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is 3ml.But, in the interface that produces on the body next door of cylinder 13 is also contained in flow channel space.Ask for similarly to Example 4 when adding up to the long-pending Vla of space content and adding up to space content to amass concerning of Vlb, be Vla/Vlb=45.
In the above-described embodiments, implement the constructing operation of air conditioner, the handle of vavuum pump P is carried out having reached 28torr after 40 strokes move back and forth.The decompression of this moment is carried out state and is shown in Figure 26 with the relation table of number of strokes and internal pressure.State is carried out in decompression till 50 strokes and confirm, find when 40 strokes, to arrive vacuum and reached poised state, no longer continue to change.Therefore, can know that the vavuum pump of present embodiment is being applied to the occasion that internal volume is 1.5 liters of devices, 40 strokes are for arriving the roughly standard of vacuum.The digital pressure sensor that correct vacuum utilization is provided with is in addition monitored.
Again, use the product of the electrostrictive strain resistance type of electronic type in the present embodiment as acceleration transducer, but also can use the product of piezoelectric element type or static capacity type.
(embodiment 6)
Figure 27 is the synoptic diagram that the handle that is located at vavuum pump of the present invention is provided with the counter of built-in acceleration transducer, and Figure 28 is the synoptic diagram that further mode of acceleration transducer is described.The mode of the acceleration transducer of present embodiment has been used mechanical type, and the vacuum pump structure is identical with embodiment 4 in addition, and detailed only explains difference here.
In keep acceleration transducer counter 210 utilize and nylon bondedly be installed on removably on handle 18 parts of vavuum pump with 220.Counter 210, its internal structure as shown in figure 28, ticker 212 can be that the center moves up and down with fulcrum 211.The leading section of above-mentioned ticker 212 is provided with magnet 213.Again, moving up and down of ticker 212 can be by the spring force control of wire spring 214.
Wire spring 214, the body of one end and counter 210 are when fixed part 215 is fixed, and the other end is fixing with ticker 212 at fixed part 216.Be provided with reed switch 217 on the position that magnet when arriving its lowermost position with ticker 212 213 is relative again.In counter 210, also be provided with other display parts and as the one-shot battery of power supply unit.Reed switch 217 is that a pair of reed that will be made of magnetic forms in inert gas is enclosed glass tube, externally repeats out-close action under the effect in magnetic field.
In the foregoing description, the piston of vavuum pump carries out stroke movement downwards, and when arriving the collision of bottom dead centre and cylinder inner wall, ticker 212 also arrives its lowermost position 1 time, can make reed switch 217 circuit become ON this moment under the effect of magnet 213, thereby can count.Again, piston carries out stroke movement upward, and when arriving the collision of top dead-centre and cylinder inner wall, ticker 212 also arrives its lowermost position 1 time, and can make reed switch 217 circuit become ON this moment under the effect of magnet 213, thereby can count.Be optimized by the impact acceleration G that the line footpath and the line length of wire spring 214 are followed at the stroke movement of piston, just can prevent the situation of repeat count and counting loss.
(embodiment 7)
Figure 29 is the synoptic diagram of mode of acceleration transducer of the vavuum pump of expression embodiments of the invention 7, and Figure 30 is the synoptic diagram that further mode of acceleration transducer is described.The mode of the acceleration transducer of present embodiment has also been used mechanical type, and the vacuum pump structure is identical with embodiment 4 in addition, and detailed only explains difference here.
Utilize the nylon bonded counter 230 that keeps acceleration transducer in having installed removably with 240 to handle 18 parts of vavuum pump similarly to Example 5 in the present embodiment.Counter 230, its internal structure as shown in figure 30, arm 232 can be that the center moves up and down with rotating shaft 231.One end of wire spring 233 and the body of counter 230 are when fixed part 234 is fixed, and the other end is fixing with arm 232 at fixed part 2321, so that arm 232 is configured to swing upward.
Connect into the ON state for electric circuit when arm 232 arrives lower position, be equipped with as switch 236 under switch 235 and the contact on the contact of contact press type.Switch 235 on the contact, and its lead takes out from portion of terminal 2351, and the end general curved meets at right angles.And switch 236 under the contact, its lead takes out from portion of terminal 2361.For restricted arm 232 upward with the position of below, be provided with block 237 and following block 238 respectively.In addition, also be provided with display part and in the counter 230 as the one-shot battery of power supply unit.
In the foregoing description, the piston of vavuum pump carries out stroke movement downwards, when arriving the collision of bottom dead centre and cylinder inner wall, arm 232 also arrives lower position 1 time, this moment is by making on the contact switch 236 conductings under switch 235 and the contact, thereby makes circuit become ON, just can count.In addition, piston carries out stroke movement upward, and when arriving top dead-centre and collide with cylinder inner wall, arm 232 also arrives lower position 1 time, and this moment is by making switch 236 conductings under the switch 235 and contact on the contact, thereby makes circuit become ON, just can count.Be optimized by the impact acceleration G that the line footpath and the line length of wire spring 233 are followed at the stroke movement of piston, just can prevent the situation of repeat count and counting loss.
(embodiment 8)
Figure 31 is the synoptic diagram of mode of acceleration transducer of the vavuum pump of expression embodiments of the invention 8, and Figure 32 is the synoptic diagram that further mode of acceleration transducer is described.The mode of the acceleration transducer of present embodiment has also been used mechanical type, and the vacuum pump structure is identical with embodiment 4 in addition, and detailed only explains difference here.
Also on handle 18 parts of vavuum pump, utilize the nylon bonded counter 250 that keeps acceleration transducer in having installed removably with 260 in the present embodiment similarly to Example 5.Counter 250, its internal structure shown in figure 32, being installed into arm 252 can be that the center moves up and down with rotating shaft 251, is provided with circular metal part 2521 at the leading section of arm.
One end of wire spring 253 and the body of counter 250 are when fixed part 254 is fixed, and the other end and arm 252 are fixing at fixed part 2522, so that arm 252 configuration joltily upward.For the leading section of arm when arm 252 arrives lower positions makes electric circuit connect into the ON state by circular metal part 2521, be equipped with as right switch 255 of the contact of contact conducting type and contact left-handed opening 256.For restricted arm 252 upward with the position of below, be provided with block 257 and following block 258 respectively.In addition, also be provided with display part and in the counter 250 as the one-shot battery of power supply unit.
In the foregoing description, the piston of vavuum pump carries out stroke movement downwards, when arriving the collision of bottom dead centre and cylinder inner wall, arm 252 also arrives lower position 1 time, the right switch 255 of contact this moment passes through circular metal part 2521 electrically conductings with contact left-handed opening 256, thereby make circuit become the ON state, just can count.In addition, piston carries out stroke movement upward, when arriving the collision of top dead-centre and cylinder inner wall, arm 252 also arrives lower position 1 time, the right switch 255 of contact this moment makes the electrically conducting state with contact left-handed opening 256 by circular metal part 2521, thereby make circuit become the ON state, just can count.Be optimized by the impact acceleration G that the line footpath and the line length of wire spring 253 are followed at the stroke movement of piston, just can prevent the situation of repeat count and counting loss.
Again, being through with to cold-producing medium by the order of the foregoing description is that R410A, refrigerating machine oil are the construction of the air conditioner of ester class, the discharge temperature of compressor is set at 115 ℃ overload condition, as the refrigeration hot conditions indoor set, off-premises station all are made as 40 ℃, reliability test has been carried out 5000 hours.Its result does not take place unusually.
In the mechanism of decompressor of vavuum pump P of the present invention, the inside of cylinder 15 can keep decompression state by the action of piston 27 always, but the cylinder interior dead space volume that piston forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre and from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the spatial volume of 2 check valves of exhaust side become dead space volume.So-called cylinder interior dead space volume is small gap that forms when piston and cylinder bottom dead centre face join and air entry and the exhaust outlet passage that forms in the cylinder next door.
Therefore, with respect to arriving vacuum, the cylinder interior dead space volume that when cylinder space internal volume and piston are positioned at bottom dead centre, forms and from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral with the long-pending total space content of the space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side is long-pending is Vla, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre with piston and from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the total space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side long-pending for the relation of Vlb very important.
In addition, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre reaches from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the spatial volume of 2 check valves of exhaust side, the very big words of above-mentioned relatively dead space volume, then owing to can not bring into play the function of vavuum pump or vacuum degree is descended, so the dead space volume that preferably makes top dead-centre side and the formation of bottom dead centre side about equally in piston top dead-centre side.That is, more important than piston top dead-centre side to the influence that arrives vacuum in the dead space volume that piston bottom dead centre side forms, this is because bolster 17 shared volumes make the cylinder 15 spatial volume little cause that narrows down.
The long-pending Vla of the total space content that the cylinder interior dead space volume that cylinder space internal volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre and piston form when being positioned at bottom dead centre reaches from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and the space content of 2 check valves of exhaust side is long-pending, the relation of the long-pending Vlb of the total space content of the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when being positioned at bottom dead centre and 2 check valves from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and exhaust side with piston, be designed to Vla/Vlb 〉=40, find as long as the leakage rate of restraining check valve to a certain extent, move back and forth by the handle that makes this vavuum pump P, can reach below the 30torr fully.
Consider the long-term reliability of kind of refrigeration cycle, even no gas leakage is gone up in design, but Vla/Vlb 〉=40 still need.If the ratio of Vla/Vlb is too big, although can not bring what problem to arriving vacuum, the vavuum pump volume is big, weight increases, can make and carry difficulty.In addition, the operation that handle 18 is moved back and forth also worsens.
Among the present invention, finding the number of strokes of the vavuum pump P that the air conditioner construction is required, is to be decided by the relation that the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 9,10 and the space content of cylinder 15 are amassed.It at the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 9,10 1.5 liters occasion, the space content of cylinder 15 is long-pending to be 200ml, can reach balance by carrying out about 40 strokes reciprocating motion, it at the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 9,10 2.5 liters occasion, the space content of cylinder 15 is long-pending to be 250ml, can reach balance by carrying out about 70 strokes reciprocating motion.Therefore, these relations are made database, as long as manage with the number of strokes of sensor of the present invention to vavuum pump, the operator just can roughly judge the situation that arrives vacuum.
The axle envelope that the present invention uses is that hardness is about 60～90 synthetic rubber for spring A type the time.Concrete spendable except HNBR, CR, EPDM, NBR etc. are arranged.In addition, axle envelope 21a, the 21b among the embodiment adopts the structure of 2 layers of O shapes ring, with the point that contacts of bolster 17 2 places arranged, and at this moment, when bolster is being positioned at cylinder when outside, the contact point of outer side has the effect that the dust that sticks on the bolster is removed.In addition, bolster in the middle of the motion of fierceness by contact point is had more than 2 places, the opposing party's contact point still can seal even a side takes place that air leaks.
The structure of the check valve of spendable exhaust outlet 30 also can be among the present invention, but the mobile open and close valve structure that forms in pipe of the animal that constitutes by light weight, small-sized Metal Ball beyond the embodiment.Resin also can use fluorine element series plastics and the PPS such as PFA, PVDF beyond the nylon.The check valve that uses among the present invention, the minimum act pressure difference of air entry 31 sides is more important than exhaust outlet 30 sides.That is, this be because, exhaust outlet 30 sides, when making vavuum pump P when action pressure differential that the trend that increases gradually be arranged, air entry 31 sides are then opposite, indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10 and cylinder 15 interior pressure differentials have the cause that reduces to tend to.
Therefore, the check valve of air-breathing oral-lateral is preferably selected for use with little pressure reduction just can carry out the product that valve cuts out, and minimum specifically act pressure difference is below the 10torr.And to be preferably in pressure reduction be 1kgf/cm 2State under quantity of gas leakage below 1ml/min.This is because if in a single day the operator stops the lever operated of vavuum pump, arrival vacuum originally descends at once, the cause that operability will variation.Specifically, preferably resin molding is pressed in the present embodiment and accept pedestal so that the check valve of runner obturation by employed compression helical spring.The spring constant of the compression helical spring of this moment is 0.01～0.04N/mm.Below 0.01N/mm, because of the direction of vavuum pump, make compression helical spring because of the influence of gravity can not give full play to the situation of function when occurring carrying out operation sometimes as spring constant.
Be to use the hand handle that vavuum pump is moved in the present embodiment, but action and the synchronous mechanical mechanism of pedal that pedal is made piston 27 also can be set.With respect to traditional electrodynamic type vavuum pump, utilize the manpower of handle or pedal also can obtain enough vacuum, can alleviate the burden of environment during the air conditioner construction, from the angle of the environment of preserving our planet, the meaning effect is very big.
(embodiment 9)
Figure 33 is the refrigeration cycle structure figure that utilizes the air conditioner of the embodiment 9 that vavuum pump of the present invention constructs, and is roughly the same with the structure of embodiment 1 shown in Figure 1.
Figure 34 is the synoptic diagram that describes the connection line of the structure of vavuum pump P of the present invention and pressure hose 13 in detail.The structure of vavuum pump P is, the body interior of aluminum cylinder 15 is configured to by aluminum piston 28 cylinder 15 inside are separated into chamber 15a, the state of chamber 15b down, and piston 28 is connected with aluminum handle 18 by the bolster 17 of stainless steel.
Be provided with Fig. 3, acceleration transducer 181 and one-shot battery 182 shown in Figure 4 in handle 18 inside, the upper face of handle 18 is provided with display part 183, cause that to moving up and down the signal that cylinder 15 is produced the acceleration transducer 181 that the acceleration G that collides detects is presented on the display part 183, thereby can infer the vacuum of vavuum pump P by piston 16.In addition, the air entry 31 that will have the exhaust outlet 30 of check valve 30a and have a check valve 31a is arranged on the body next door of cylinder 15 of upper dead center position of piston 28, and the gross weight of vavuum pump body is roughly 1kg.
Fig. 3 be vavuum pump P of the present invention handle 18 structures want portion's synoptic diagram, Fig. 4 is the summary structure chart that expression is located at the acceleration transducer 181 in the handle 18.Acceleration transducer 181 usefulness silicon semiconductors 40 also are made of sensor portion 41 of doing very thinly and the big counterweight portion 42 of area.The action of acceleration transducer 181 is, piston 28 with upper dead center position that manually arrives cylinder 15 or lower dead point position the time with the wall collision of cylinder 15, when the stroke movement that makes handle 18 stops, above-mentioned acceleration G takes place, counterweight portion this acceleration of 42 perception and make sensor portion 41 that strains take place.
Above-mentioned strain changes the resistance of the diffusion layer 43 that is formed at sensor portion 41 tops.That is, acceleration transducer 181, the piezo-electric effect by sensor portion 41 detects the stress of following 41 strains of sensor portion that acceleration G causes, is transformed into voltage output by bridge circuit, can be used as 1 stroke and count when it surpasses certain value.Among the figure, the 44th, electrode, the 45th, comprise the shell of the base plate that is fixed with electrode 44.
The acceleration transducer of vavuum pump of the present invention is identical with the Figure 22 shown in the embodiment 4 at the flow chart till the demonstration counting.
Fig. 5 is provided in a side of the sectional view of the check valve 30a in the exhaust outlet 30, and Fig. 6 is the sectional view of A-A ' line of Fig. 5.Vavuum pump P, piston 28 is when cylinder 15 internal actions, making check valve 30a, 31a on the body next door of the cylinder 15 of the upper dead center position that becomes piston 28 is direct syndeton, is provided with opening interface 37 on the body next door of the cylinder 15 of the lower dead point position that becomes piston 28.Front end at opening interface 37 is provided with air cleaner 38.Exhaust outlet uses Fig. 5, constructed products shown in Figure 6 with check valve 30a, and air entry uses constructed products shown in Figure 7 with check valve 31a.
Check valve 30a carries out rolling groove processing by copper pipe 191 at Liang Chu, adds at groove to be fixed with brass system valve on the 191a of the Ministry of worker and to accept pedestal 192.Nylon system valve body 193 is accepted pedestal 192 collisions with valve, carries out stopping after face contacts accepting pedestal 192 with the valve with chamfered portion.Again, in the opposite direction then adding Ministry of worker's 191b place valve body 193 at groove stops to move.Therefore, become the one-way valve structures that air only flows in the direction of arrow.
Check valve 31a carries out rolling groove processing by copper pipe 201 at Liang Chu, adds at groove to be fixed with brass system valve on the 201a of the Ministry of worker and to accept pedestal 202.Compression helical spring 203 combines with lamina membranacea 204, make nylon system lamina membranacea 204 and brass system valve accept pedestal 205 collisions by compression helical spring power, accept pedestal 205 and contact with the face of lamina membranacea 204 runner is stopped up, become the one-way valve structures that air only flows in the direction of arrow.
Figure 35 is the detailed structure view of piston 28 when being in the upper dead center position of cylinder 15.The part that bolster 17 joins in the next door with cylinder 15 is equipped with axle envelope 21a, 21b, and this envelope is the O shape ring structure of 2 layers of HNBR system.The part of joining at the inwall of piston 28 and cylinder 15 also is provided with axle envelope 22a, the 22b of 2 layers of HNBR system O shapes ring.
Filter 14 uses the structure identical with embodiment shown in Figure 94 to show.
Action to vavuum pump P describes below.Earlier used for indoor machine connecting pipings 9,10 is connected with gas side triple valve 8 with the liquid side two-way valve 7 of off-premises station.Pressure hose 13 with instrument linker 12 is connected on the air entry 31 of vavuum pump P then, and pressure hose 11 is connected on the gas side triple valve 8.
At first, when handle 18 was pulled to arrow a direction (top dead-centre side), then the air of the last chamber 15a of cylinder 15 inside was emitted to atmosphere by check valve 30a and exhaust outlet 30, by air being sucked down the 15b of chamber from opening interface 37 and air cleaner 38.Then, when handle 18 is pushed to arrow b direction (bottom dead centre side), the air of indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10 inside from the 8b of satellite interface portion via pressure hose 11, instrument linker 12, pressure hose 13, be attracted to by the check valve 31a that becomes air entry 31 among the last chamber 15a of cylinder 15 inside, the air of opposite basement 15b is emitted to atmosphere from opening interface 37 and air cleaner 38.
Handle 18 moves back and forth handle 18 towards a direction (top dead-centre side) once more with spurring then, and piston 28 is synchronous with it.At this moment, be located at air-breathing on the next door of cylinder 15 and constantly switch with check valve 31a and non return valve for outflow 30a, piston 28 becomes the mechanism of decompression constantly when arrow b direction moves, may ultimately reach enough negative pressure state.At this moment, can be because following chamber 15b is in from the air-breathing state of opening interface 37, handle 18 reduces the application of force to handle 18 when the bottom dead centre of piston arrives cylinder 15, the piston 28 that then can revise the pressure reduction between chamber 15a and the following chamber 15b by towards arrow a upward to guiding, just can automatically reset with small power.
In the vavuum pump P of present embodiment, when handle 18 moves back and forth, as long as can produce the effect that pressure reduction just can continue to play depressurization mechanism between the last chamber 15a of pressure hose 13 inside and cylinder 15 inside.Therefore, the breather cheek valve 31a that is located at air entry 31 requires the little product of minimum act pressure difference.Determining this minimum act pressure difference, is the spring constant of compression helical spring 203 in the check valve of present embodiment.
When implementing this a series of reciprocating action of vavuum pump P, the operator makes piston 16 collide with the inwall of cylinder 15 respectively at upper dead center position and lower dead point position, and the operator can make above-mentioned collision produce the acceleration of 1～5G.Therefore, this acceleration G is delivered to handle 18 by bolster 17, detects this acceleration G also can show stroke movement on display part 183 number of times with acceleration transducer 181, can this infer vacuum.
Vavuum pump P, the O shape that is provided with 2 layers of structure for the air that prevents axle envelope 21a, 21b as far as possible leaks is encircled, so can fully guarantee the negative pressure (30torr is following) of the last chamber 15a of cylinder 15 inside and the pressure reduction state between the outer gas (760torr).And, when bolster 17 actions, can prevent that foreign matter from clinging easily and snapping in the air seal portion by 2 layers of structure.In addition; axle envelope 22a, 22b leak in order to prevent air; also adopted 2 layers of O shape ring structure, thus can fully guarantee cylinder 15 inside that piston 28 produces when moving back and forth on the negative pressure (below the 30torr) of chamber 15a and the pressure reduction state between the following chamber 15b (760torr).
Concrete installation to air conditioner explains in proper order below.Indoor set is connected with gas side triple valve 8 with the liquid side two-way valve 7 of off-premises station by connecting pipings 9,10.Vavuum pump P, by pressure hose 13 is connected with the low-pressure side interface 12b of instrument linker 12, be connected with the satellite interface 8b of the triple valve 8 of gas side from the pressure hose 11 of central interface 12a, pressure hose 11 just becomes connected state with indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10 inside.In addition, be out state by the low-pressure side handle 12c that makes instrument linker 12, then pressure hose 13 inside are connected state.
Make the handle 18 of vavuum pump do above-mentioned reciprocating motion then, the operator can read the number of times of its stroke movement from display part 183, can be in enough negative pressure state in this inside of inferring indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10.In addition, the scale of the low pressure instrument 12d that the operator can be by instrument linker 12 is finally confirmed this sufficient negative pressure state.Make the low-pressure side handle 12c of instrument linker 12 be closed condition then immediately, place the scale of for a moment confirming low pressure instrument 12d and do not change.Here, the connecting portion of explanation connecting pipings 9,10 has the place that causes that air leaks if scale changes.
Unclamp the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 then a little, import, make the pipe arrangement inside of connecting pipings 9,10 and indoor pusher side be faint barotropic state (about 0.2kgf/cm by refrigerant gas with outdoor pusher side 2).Unload pressure hose 11 from the 8b of satellite interface portion then, once more the threaded portion 7a rotation 1/4 of liquid side two-way valve 7 is changeed, making becomes pressurized state (3～6kgf/cm once more 2) to reaffirm the leakage of connecting pipings portion.Make the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 be wide-open state at last, make the threaded portion 8a of gas side triple valve 8 also be wide-open state simultaneously, the installation exercise of relevant like this air conditioner construction is all finished.
In the present embodiment, using the internal volume of the indoor set side line comprise indoor heat converter 6 and connecting pipings 9,10 is 1.5 liters device.Among the vavuum pump P, the last interior space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is 150ml, and the total space content from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and 2 check valves of exhaust side that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre is long-pending to be 1.5ml.But, in the interface that produces in the cylinder body next door is also contained in flow channel space.The cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre is 2ml.The last interior space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre amasss with the total space content of amassing with the space content of check valve with check valve and exhaust outlet from cylinder outlet to air entry and is Vla, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre reaches and amasss with the total space content of check valve with check valve and exhaust outlet from cylinder outlet to air entry is Vlb, and then the pass of Vla and Vlb is: Vla/Vlb=44.Figure 35 is partly to carry out concrete diagram from cylinder outlet to air entry with check valve and exhaust outlet with the total space content of check valve Vlb long-pending and the cylinder dead space volume when piston is positioned at top dead-centre.
Implement according to the above-mentioned sequence of operation, use vavuum pump, can reach 30torr by handle being carried out the reciprocating motion of 40 strokes.The decompression of this moment is carried out state and is shown in Figure 11 with the relation table of number of strokes and internal pressure.State is carried out in decompression till 50 strokes and confirm, find when 40 strokes, to arrive vacuum and reached poised state, no longer continue to change.
Therefore, can know that the vacuum pump application at present embodiment is the occasion of 1.5 liters device in internal volume, 40 strokes are for arriving the roughly standard of vacuum.The digital pressure sensor that correct vacuum utilization is provided with is in addition monitored.To cold-producing medium is that R410A, refrigerating machine oil are the air conditioner of ester class, and the discharge temperature of compressor is set at 115 ℃ overload condition, as the refrigeration hot conditions indoor set, off-premises station all is made as 40 ℃, and reliability test has been carried out 5000 hours.Its result does not take place unusually.
(embodiment 10)
Figure 36 is the synoptic diagram that the connection line to the vacuum pump structure of present embodiment and pressure hose is elaborated.Vavuum pump in the present embodiment has used the equipment roughly the same with embodiment 9, and the Therefore, omited describes in detail, is that the center describes to difference only.Vavuum pump P is provided with once-through operation pipe joint 26 as removable junction surface by pressure hose 25 on the check valve 31a of the air entry 31 in being arranged on cylinder 15.In addition, on opening interface 37, be provided with air-breathing the closing of cut-out and cover 39 with the formula that is threaded into as anchor clamps exhaust.
Figure 19 is the cross section structure figure of above-mentioned once-through operation pipe joint 26.Below concrete structure is explained.Discharge pipe box 341 along the pressure hose configuration, the release pipe box 341 of tubular is fixed by guide 343 and opening folder 344 that tubular is set in the pipe joint body 342 of tubular.Be provided with tubular chuck 345 between release pipe box 341 and opening folder 344, the leading section of chuck 345 is the lip packing 346 of CR rubber system, makes chuck 345 bite the periphery of pressure hose by pressing to the pressure hose side, comes off to prevent pressure hose.
In addition, will discharge pipe box 341 and go into to inner side pressure, the pressure of nipping of chuck 345 leading sections is discharged, so pressure hose 13 is easily from 342 dismountings of pipe joint body along pressure hose 13.As long as giving full play to function, lip packing 346 just can prevent that air from leaking.
Installation to the concrete air conditioner of present embodiment describes in proper order below.At first, pressure hose 13 is connected to once-through operation pipe joint 26 on the air entry 31 that is located at vavuum pump P.Pull down to be screwed into and closing cover 39 on the opening interface 37, towards the top pull-up, make piston 28 roughly be in the centre position of cylinder 15 on handle 18, will close cover 39 again and be screwed on the opening interface 37 to cut off the suction and discharge loop.In addition, pressure hose 13 is connected with the low-pressure side interface 12b of instrument linker 12, and pressure hose 11 is connected with satellite interface 8b.Therefore, pressure hose 11 becomes connected state with the inside of indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10.In addition, since the low-pressure side handle 12c of instrument linker 12 for opening state, so pressure hose 13 is connected state.
Actuating mechanism to vavuum pump describes below.At first, handle 18 is pushed to arrow b direction (bottom dead centre side), the inner air of indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10 then, from the 8b of satellite interface portion via pressure hose 11, instrument linker 12, pressure hose 13, by the check valve 31a of air entry 31, be attracted to the last chamber 15a of cylinder 15 inside.The air of opposite basement 15b is compressed because being in confined space, when arriving bottom dead centre if loosen the application of force to handle 18, because of compressed-air actuated reaction force and under the double action of pressure reduction of chamber 15a and following chamber 15b, piston 28 needs power just can be directed hardly towards the top of arrow b direction and automatically resets.The air of going up chamber 15a is then emitted to atmosphere by the check valve 30a of exhaust outlet 30.When handle 18 is pushed, indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10 inside are further developed downwards to the negative pressure direction.
Like this, the reciprocating motion of the handle 18 by vavuum pump can make the vavuum pump that only has the mechanism of decompressor in the b direction.The operator can read the number of times of the stroke movement of piston 28 from display part 183, can be in enough negative pressure state in this inside of inferring indoor set and connecting pipings 9,10.In addition, the scale of the low pressure instrument 12d that the operator can be by instrument linker 12 is finally confirmed this enough negative pressure state.Make the low-pressure side handle 12c of instrument linker 12 be closed condition then immediately, place the scale of for a moment confirming low pressure instrument 12d and do not change.Here, if changing, scale just illustrates that there is the place that causes that air leaks in connecting pipings portion.
Unclamp the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 then a little, import, make the pipe arrangement inside of connecting pipings 9,10 and indoor pusher side be faint barotropic state (about 0.2kgf/cm by refrigerant gas with outdoor pusher side 2).Unload pressure hose 11 from the 8b of satellite interface portion then, once more the threaded portion 7a rotation 1/4 of liquid side two-way valve 7 is changeed, making becomes pressurized state (3～6kgf/cm once more 2) to reaffirm the leakage of connecting pipings portion.When making the threaded portion 7a of liquid side two-way valve 7 be complete open state at last, make the threaded portion 8a of gas side triple valve 8 also be complete open state, the installation exercise of relevant like this air conditioner construction is all finished.
At last, the closing cover that will be screwed into once more when holding vavuum pump P on the opening interface 37 39 is pulled down, and handle 18 is pushed towards the below, discharge the air of chamber 15b down after, screw on and close cover 39, also pull down pressure hose 13 from once-through operation pipe joint 26.Like this, vavuum pump can be realized miniaturization, is easy to carry.
In the present embodiment, be when piston 28 being disposed at the roughly centre position of cylinder 15, will close cover 39 once more to be contained on the opening interface 37, can determine piston 28 should be in which position suitable of cylinder 15 by following method.Because the degree with the manpower compressible air is 10kg/cm to the maximum 2, cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when so piston is positioned at bottom dead centre and long-pending can being judged as about 10～10ml of aggregated content of closing the opening interface space of cover from cylinder outlet to screwing on.
Used in the vavuum pump of present embodiment and the simple once-through operation pipe joint 26 shown in Figure 19 of the connecting portion of dismounting of pressure hose can be not limited thereto but can be applied to simple and easy removable junction surface of the present invention again.Also can use tube connector of other no self seal mechanisms etc.
(embodiment 11)
In the present embodiment, after utilizing the carbon dioxide air accumulator to be replaced as carbon dioxide the air of the indoor set side line of air conditioner shown in Figure 33 and connecting pipings 9,10 inside, by constructing in proper order with embodiment 9 identical operations, compare with the construction method of embodiment 9, the airborne oxygen of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 9,10 inside is reduced, improved precision, used the vavuum pump P identical with embodiment 9.Use comprises that the internal volume of the indoor set side line of indoor heat converter 6 and connecting pipings 9,10 is 1.5 liters a device.
In the vavuum pump, the last interior space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre is 80ml, and the total space content of 2 check valves from cylinder outlet to air-breathing oral-lateral and exhaust side that form when piston is positioned at top dead-centre is long-pending to be 1.5ml.But, in the interface that produces in the cylinder body next door is also contained in flow channel space.The cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre is 2ml.Last interior space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre and the total space content of amassing with the space content of check valve with check valve and exhaust outlet from cylinder outlet to air entry are amassed and are Vla, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when piston is positioned at top dead-centre reaches and amasss with the total space content of check valve with check valve and exhaust outlet from cylinder outlet to air entry is Vlb, and then the pass of Vla and Vlb is: Vla/Vlb=23.
At first, utilize the carbon dioxide air accumulator that the air displacement of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 9,10 inside is become carbon dioxide.Promptly, the outlet of carbon dioxide air accumulator is connected with the satellite interface 8b of liquid side gas triple valve 8, the opening nut (not shown) that unclamps liquid side two-way valve 7 makes connecting pipings 9 be communicated with atmosphere, then the air of the inside pipe arrangement of connecting pipings 10, indoor set, connecting pipings 9 is extruded to atmosphere by carbon dioxide, if shut the opening nut of liquid side two-way valve 7 after carbon dioxide is replaced, pull down the carbon dioxide air accumulator from satellite interface 8.Then, according to the sequence of operation identical, use vavuum pump can reach 60torr with embodiment 9.To cold-producing medium is that R410A, refrigerating machine oil are the air conditioner of ester class, and the discharge temperature of compressor is set at 115 ℃, as the refrigeration hot conditions indoor set, off-premises station all is made as 40 ℃, and reliability test has been carried out 5000 hours.Its result does not take place unusually.
Utilized carbon dioxide that indoor set side line and connecting pipings inside have been carried out gas displacement in the present embodiment, but the spendable specific gas of the present invention is not limited thereto.The also gas that can use other that reliability of kind of refrigeration cycle is difficult for exerting an influence.The last interior space volume that forms when specifically piston is positioned at bottom dead centre beyond the removing carbon dioxide gas, also can use such as gases such as nitrogen, methane, ethane, propane, iso-butane, argon gas.
As mentioned above, in the mechanism of decompressor of vavuum pump of the present invention, only piston towards below action the time can utilize the mechanism of decompressor that cylinder interior is reduced pressure, but the cylinder interior dead space volume that piston forms when being positioned at top dead-centre and become dead space volume with the spatial volume of check valve from cylinder outlet to air entry with check valve and exhaust outlet.So-called cylinder interior dead space volume is, small gap that piston forms when joining with the axial cylinder top dead-centre face of supporting and the air entry that forms in the cylinder next door are with passage and exhaust outlet passage.Therefore, with respect to arriving vacuum, the last interior space volume that forms when piston is positioned at bottom dead centre and from cylinder outlet to air entry with check valve and exhaust outlet with the space content of check valve long-pending add up to Vla, the cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when being positioned at top dead-centre with piston and from cylinder outlet to air entry with check valve and exhaust outlet use the total space content of check valve amass for the relation of Vlb very important.The relation of Vla and Vlb is designed to Vla/Vlb 〉=40, finds to move back and forth by the handle that makes this vavuum pump as long as restrain the leakage of check valve to a certain extent, can reach below the 30torr fully.Consider the long-term reliability of kind of refrigeration cycle, even no gas leakage is gone up in design, but Vla/Vlb 〉=40 still need.If the ratio of Vla/Vlb is too big, although can not bring what problem to arriving vacuum, the vavuum pump volume is big, weight increases, can make and carry difficulty.In addition, the handle operation that moves back and forth in ground also worsens.
In the present invention, finding the number of strokes of the vavuum pump that the air conditioner construction is required, is to be decided by the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings and the relation of cylinder space internal volume.It at the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 1.5 liters occasion, the cylinder space internal volume is 150ml, can reach poised state by carrying out about 40 strokes reciprocating motion, it at the internal volume of indoor set side line and connecting pipings 2.5 liters occasion, the cylinder space internal volume is 250ml, can reach poised state by carrying out about 70 strokes reciprocating motion.Therefore, these relations are made database, as long as the number of strokes of vavuum pump is managed, the operator just can roughly judge the situation that arrives vacuum.
The spendable piston of the present invention is similarly 2 layers of O shape ring structure with axle envelope and bolster with the axle envelope, but the opening interface two of closing down the chamber becomes confined space, compressed air when piston moves downwards, so under chamber and the big pressure reduction of last chamber generation.At this moment, 2 floor structure of O shape ring are leaked very effective to make progress from the chamber down air of chamber of abundant supression.
In the various embodiments described above, what relate to is the device that is provided with drying machine in the off-premises station body.Vavuum pump of the present invention is compared with the electrodynamic type vavuum pump, is difficult to fully get rid of the inner moisture that exists of indoor set and connecting pipings.Therefore, use the air conditioner that in kind of refrigeration cycle, is provided with drying machine to guarantee long-term reliability easily.

Claims (13)

1. vavuum pump, it is characterized in that, be divided into Room 2 by piston (16) in its cylinder (15), on the cylinder upper dead center position of the Room 2 after the described separation and lower dead point position, have check valve (19a is set respectively, 19b, 20a, air entry 20b) (20) and exhaust outlet (19), described piston (16) is to either party action, when interconnecting between with described exhaust outlet (19), by being discharged the described exhaust side that makes in the described cylinder (15), described cylinder (15) gas inside becomes pressurized state, when interconnecting between with described air entry (20), the described air-breathing oral-lateral in the described cylinder becomes negative pressure state.
2. vavuum pump according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be equipped with compression helical spring (203) in the inside that is equipped on the check valve (20a, 20b) that described air entry (20) locates, the spring constant of described compression helical spring (203) is 0.01～0.04N/mm.
3. the construction method of an air conditioner is the construction method of the air conditioner that constitutes with connecting pipings (9,10) indoor set B being connected with the off-premises station A air conditioner when utilizing vavuum pump to install, it is characterized in that,
Described vavuum pump is divided into Room 2 by piston (16) in its cylinder (15), has the air entry (20) and the exhaust outlet (19) of band check valve (19a, 19b, 20a, 20b) on the cylinder upper dead center position of the Room 2 after the described separation and lower dead point position respectively,
At least will interconnect between the described exhaust outlet (19) as the 1st operation, described piston (16) moves to either direction, by making described indoor set B and described connecting pipings (9,10) inside become pressurized state from the inner gas of discharging of described cylinder (15)
To interconnect between the described air entry (20) as the 2nd operation, make described indoor set B and described connecting pipings (9,10) inside become negative pressure state.
4. the construction method of air conditioner according to claim 3 is characterized in that, comprising: with the 1st connecting portion that connects between the described exhaust outlet (19,30); With the 2nd connecting portion that connects between the described air entry (20,31); The junction surface (33a) that described the 1st connecting portion is combined with described exhaust outlet (19,30) portion; The junction surface (35a) that described the 2nd connecting portion is combined with described air entry (20,31) portion.
5. according to the construction method of each described air conditioner in claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that (33a, 35a) is detachable at described junction surface.
6. vavuum pump, it is characterized in that, its cylinder is interior by piston (16,27) be divided into Room 2, the air entry (20 that in the described cylinder that is separated, has the band check valve on the described cylinder upper dead center position of Room 2 and the lower dead point position respectively, 31) and exhaust outlet (19,30), each are described air-breathing (20 years old, 31) connect into one by connecting oral area, described piston (16,27) move to either direction, the pressure reduction that all makes Room 2 reduces gradually during from the initial stage and makes described air entry (20,31) side makes negative pressure state, and be provided with can be to described piston (16,27) sensing that reciprocating motion is counted (181).
7. vavuum pump according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described sensing (181) is an acceleration transducer, and its response sensitivity is 1～5G.
8. vavuum pump according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described sensor (181) has been to use wire spring or by the structure of cantilever support (134).
9. vavuum pump according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described acceleration transducer is a mechanical type, and its mode is contact press type, reed switch type or contact conducting type.
10. vavuum pump, it is characterized in that, be divided into chamber (15a) and following chamber (15b) by piston (28) in its cylinder (15), described piston (28) is connected with the handle that makes described piston action (18) by the bolster (17) that is located at described upward chamber side, the upper dead center position of chamber has air entry (31) that is equipped with check valve (31a) and the exhaust outlet (30) that is equipped with check valve (30a) on described, the following chamber (15b) of described cylinder (15) has can be air-breathing and the opening interface (37) of exhaust, by making the described chamber (15a) of going up make negative pressure state towards the below action in described piston (28), simultaneously, utilize the getter action of described opening interface 37 and described piston (28) is moved upward.
11. the construction method of an air conditioner is the construction method of the air conditioner that constitutes with connecting pipings indoor set being connected with the off-premises station air conditioner when utilizing vavuum pump to install, it is characterized in that,
Described vavuum pump is, be divided into chamber (15a) and following chamber (15b) by piston (28) in its cylinder (15), described piston (28) is connected with the handle (18) that makes described piston (28) action by the bolster (17) that is located at described upward chamber side, the upper dead center position of chamber (15a) has air entry (31) and the exhaust outlet (30) that is equipped with check valve (31a, 30a) on described, having in the following chamber of described cylinder (15) (15b) can be air-breathing and the opening interface (37) of exhaust
Described piston, (28) when lower dead point position, form described on interior space volume with from described cylinder outlet to described air entry check valve, (31a) with described exhaust outlet check valve, the long-pending Vla of total space content that space content (30a) is long-pending, with described piston, (28) the described cylinder interior dead space volume that forms when upper dead center position reaches from described cylinder outlet to described air entry check valve, (31a) with described exhaust outlet check valve, the pass of the long-pending Vlb of total space content (30a) is: Vla/Vlb 〉=20
Make described going up after the chamber makes negative pressure state by described piston towards below action, utilize described opening interface (37) while getter action guide described piston (28) to be moved upward, to make described indoor set B and described connecting pipings (9,10) inside to make negative pressure state.
12. the construction method of air conditioner according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, when installation, specific gas is imported in described indoor set B and the connecting pipings (9,10), after making the interior air of described indoor set B and connecting pipings (9,10) by described specific gas displacement, make described indoor set B and described connecting pipings (9,10) inside make negative pressure state.
13. the construction method according to each described air conditioner in claim 11 or 12 is characterized in that, makes Vla/Vlb 〉=40.
CN03106007A 2002-02-15 2003-02-17 Construction method of vacuum pump and air conditioner Pending CN1438457A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002038112A JP3753078B2 (en) 2002-02-15 2002-02-15 How to install an air conditioner
JP2002038112 2002-02-15
JP2002113014A JP2003307175A (en) 2002-04-16 2002-04-16 Vacuum pump and installing method for air-conditioner
JP2002113014 2002-04-16
JP2002115854 2002-04-18
JP2002115854A JP3755481B2 (en) 2002-04-18 2002-04-18 Construction method of vacuum pump and air conditioner using it

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