CN1434294A - Ultrasonic wave milk components analysis instrument - Google Patents
Ultrasonic wave milk components analysis instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN1434294A CN1434294A CN 03115751 CN03115751A CN1434294A CN 1434294 A CN1434294 A CN 1434294A CN 03115751 CN03115751 CN 03115751 CN 03115751 A CN03115751 A CN 03115751A CN 1434294 A CN1434294 A CN 1434294A
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- power amplifier
- ultrasound wave
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- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005528 milk analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013861 fat-free Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic analyzer of the milk components. It includes: AT89C52 singlechip, the interface composed of LCD, press key and RS232, EEPROM location, liquid pump and the detecting system composed of the ultrasonic probe, temperature-control circuit, oscillating circuit, power amplifying circuit and threshold-value detecting circuit. It has advantages of wider temperature range (15-40 deg.C) for testing the sample and the emitting signal with a certain frequency and voltage and a one-off detection and analysis of the fat, protein, density, freezing point and so on in the milk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic detection technology, is a kind of ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument.
Background technology
The milk constituents analysis is to carry out former milk to purchase the necessary link of fixing the price according to the quality with the production run product quality monitoring.Traditional milk constituents analysis is to adopt chemical analysis technology, and needs carry out chemical analysis to fat, solid content, density, the protein content of milk respectively.Wherein the analysis of fat content is to utilize fat different with other composition density, utilizes cream separator separation back to determine; Solid content then is to adopt the method for weighing after the drying to measure; Density adopts densitometer to measure; Protein adopts Kjeldahl to measure.The whole analytical process often needs to expend 1-2 days time, waste time and energy, need simultaneously by means of number of chemical analytical instrument devices such as various chemical reagent, azotometer, drying box, densitometer, cream separator, complicated operation, the stochastic error height is unfavorable for the monitoring and the production management of product quality.
Infrared ray milk constituents fast detecting analytical technology is to utilize filter to handle light source, make the infrared ray that produces in certain wavelength coverage, utilize molecular vibrational frequency and the illumination wavelength can be with the character of this wavelength absorption, the different absorption spectrums according to obtaining after the irradiation carry out check and analysis to milk constituents.The technology of using mainly is near infrared and middle infrared technique at present.What this detection method was used is optical principle, and to the system requirements complexity, the cost of realization is higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument, be when utilizing ultrasound wave in medium, to propagate, ultrasonic amounts such as the acoustic propagation velocity of medium, acoustic attenuation and acoustic impedance are all relevant with state with the characteristic of medium, therefore, by measuring these acoustics amounts, just the characteristic of tested medium and the variation of composition can be understood, just the constituent analysis of milk can be carried out.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
1. ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument comprises: the AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer, the man-machine interface of forming by LCD, button, RS232 standard interface, the EEPROM storage unit, liquid pump is by ultrasonic probe, temperature-control circuit, oscillatory circuit, power amplifier, threshold detection circuit) detection system formed.
1) LCD, button are connected with single-chip microcomputer by serial line interface by input/output interface, standard interface;
2) storage unit is depositing of program and preset parameter;
3) the central processor CPU control oscillation circuit produces the constant amplitude pulse ripple, connects the transmitting terminal of ultrasonic probe after power amplifier amplifies, and the receiving end of ultrasonic probe connects central processor CPU through its comparison output feedback signal of threshold detection circuit through oscillatory circuit;
4) ultrasonic probe comprises that the outside is wound with heater coil, both ends of the surface the detector tube that piezoelectric crystal and two ends have the import and export pipeline is housed, the both sides of piezoelectric crystal are connected with the threshold value comparator circuit through the termination power amplifier that goes between, the other end respectively, jointing temp control circuit behind the heater coil composition heating circuit.
2. said temperature-control circuit is the bridge-type temperature-control circuit, and its output terminal connects the heater coil of ultrasonic probe through comparer, trigger, and single-chip microcomputer is connected with trigger with comparer respectively.
3. oscillatory circuit comprises gate circuit and vibration tuned circuit composition that oscillator signal produces, and gate circuit connects single-chip microcomputer and power amplifier, and the vibration tuned circuit connects the feedback tuning signal.
4. power amplifier is the inductive energy storage amplifying circuit.
5. threshold detection circuit comprises the frequency modulation ultrasound wave amplifier and the multifrequency trigger that are made of general monolithic FM/AM integrated circuit of radio receiver, peripheral circuit.
The detection of acoustic propagation characteristic is the frequency mixing technique that utilizes emission and received signal, causes that emission signal frequency changes, and obtains the transonic characteristic by the variation of measured signal frequency after making feedback signal and the superposition that transmits.Ultrasonic transmit circuit produces the constant amplitude pulse ripple by oscillatory circuit, utilizes feedback control signal that oscillator signal is carried out hands-off tuning simultaneously, and oscillator signal amplifies the higher emission voltage of generation through amplifying circuit, excites piezoelectric crystal to produce ultrasonic vibration.The signal that receiving circuit receives carries out threshold ratio by gate circuit, and output signal and oscillator signal generation mixing cause that oscillation signal frequency changes.Ultrasonic emitting is all controlled by CPU with reception, the process bistable threshold detection circuit of ultrasonic emitting and received signal forms a square-wave pulse, according to the relation between square width and milk constituents, draw fat, non-fat solid, density, the protein content of milk by the multiple linear regression equation, calculate freezing point and add the water rate with experimental formula simultaneously.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) utilizes ultrasonic detection technology, adopt multiple linear regression equation that the multi-phase fluid composition is analyzed, fat, protein, non-fat solid, density, the freezing point in the disposable check and analysis milk and add the water rate;
2) adopt the precision temperature regulating circuit, adapted to the sample test temperature range (15-40 ℃) of broad;
3) adopt oscillatory circuit and amplifying circuit to produce transmitting of certain frequency and voltage, overcome the ultrasonic attenuation influence that milk viscosity produces.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural principle block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the temperature-control circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the oscillatory circuit circuit theory diagrams;
Fig. 4 is the power amplifier schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the threshold detection circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the ultrasonic probe structure principle chart;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is a ultrasonic probe circuit connection diagram;
Fig. 9 is a program flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, the present invention includes: AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer 1, the man-machine interface of forming by LCD 2, button 3, RS232 standard interface 3, EEPROM storage unit 5, liquid pump 6, the detection system of forming by ultrasonic probe 7, temperature-control circuit 8, oscillatory circuit 9, power amplifier 10, threshold detection circuit 11.
1) LCD 2, button 3 are connected with single-chip microcomputer 1 by serial line interface by input/output interface, standard interface 4;
2) storage unit 5 depositing for program and preset parameter;
3) central processor CPU control oscillation circuit 9 produces the constant amplitude pulse ripple, connect the transmitting terminal of ultrasonic probe 7 after power amplifier 10 amplifies, the receiving end of ultrasonic probe 7 connects central processor CPU through threshold detection circuit 11 its comparison output feedback signals through oscillatory circuit 9;
4) ultrasonic probe 7 comprises that the outside is wound with heater coil 7.6, both ends of the surface the detector tube that piezoelectric crystal 7.2 and two ends have import and export pipeline 7.5 is housed, the both sides of piezoelectric crystal 7.2 are connected with threshold value comparator circuit 11 through the termination power amplifier 10 that goes between, the other end respectively, jointing temp control circuit 8 behind the heater coil 7.6 composition heating circuits.
Fig. 2 temperature-control circuit: temperature-control circuit has two functions, and the one, can be according to the program requirement, by the ON/OFF of CPU control heater coil driving circuit; The 2nd, by CPU control heating signal pulsewidth,, obtain the different thermal effects that adds to adapt to different firing rates, realize the adjusting control of specimen temperature.After thermistor Rf experiences temperature variation, carry out voltage sample by cpu temperature control signal control, sampled voltage 8.1 and heater coil voltage 8.3 output signal to trigger 74AC74 through comparer LM393 after relatively, trigger the control heater coil and open.The enable signal of output control is simultaneously given single-chip microcomputer 1, differentiate the pulsewidth of the heating signal of control heater coil by single-chip microcomputer, output heating control signal is given trigger 74AC74, arrive heater coil 7.6 with the output signal common trigger output heater circuit working signal 8.2 of comparator circuit, realize the accurate adjusting of temperature.
Fig. 3 is an oscillatory circuit.Oscillatory circuit produces circuit by oscillator signal and tuned circuit two parts are formed.Gate circuit 9.1 produces oscillator signal, makes the Automatic Frequency of oscillator signal tuning by vibration tuned circuit 9.2 according to feedback control signal 11.1 simultaneously.The signal source producing method that ultrasonic transmitter is received: behind the contactor, circuit produces the constant amplitude pulse ripple thus, CPU it according to the program requirement, the generation of the oscillator signal of Push And Release control in good time provides pulse signal after tuning to power amplifier 10 simultaneously.
Fig. 4 is a power amplifier: general ultrasound examination circuit only is provided with master oscillator or the vibration of impulse sender triggering ultrasonic transducer at transmitting terminal, because milk is the medium that has than high viscosity, for the ultrasonic attenuation that prevents to cause owing to viscosity, therefore utilize power amplifier that transmitting terminal is launched under certain voltage conditions, overcome the influence of fading that milk viscosity causes, to guarantee to obtain reliable received signal.Power amplifier adopts simple and practical inductive energy storage amplifying circuit form, and the oscillator signal that oscillatory circuit 9 is come carries out voltage amplification, makes the frequency that provides certain and the oscillator signal of voltage trigger ultrasonic probe emission ultrasonic signal.
Fig. 5 is a threshold detection circuit: threshold detection circuit is made up of two parts, and a part is the high frequency ultrasound twt amplifier, is made of general monolithic FM/AM integrated circuit of radio receiver TA7613AP and peripheral circuit, and another part is trigger LM324.The ultrasound wave received signal is amplified through integrated circuit, reach certain voltage value after, make trigger LM324 produce pulse and output to single-chip microcomputer 1.
Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7 is the structure principle chart of ultrasonic probe: ultrasonic probe is made up of piezoelectric crystal 7.2, pedestal 7.3, terminal block 7.1, detector tube 7.4.Piezoelectric crystal 7.2 is cohered on pedestal 7.3 by epoxy resin forms ultrasonic transducer assembly, and pedestal 7.3 is a macromolecular material epoxy resin, and pedestal 7.3 is the middle disk that circular groove is arranged.Ultrasonic transducer assembly connects with detector tube mutually with adhesive, and detector tube 7.4 is welding with terminal block 7.1.Detector tube 7.4 is a copper pipe, is beneficial to conduct heat, and pipe is outer to be heater coil 7.6, and test sample is heated and thermostatic control.There is the import and export connecting pipe 7.5 of sample at the detector tube two ends.
Fig. 8 is the ultrasonic probe circuit connection diagram: piezoelectric crystal 7.2 wiring are drawn by both sides respectively and are connected to terminal block interface a, b and e, f port, and port a connects power amplifier 10, and port e is connected with threshold value comparator circuit 11, port b, f ground connection.Heater coil g, h port communicate and form a heating circuit, connect thermistor Rf by 8 ports simultaneously, provide sampled voltage 8.1 to temperature-control circuit.Port 3 connects heater coil voltage 8.3, and heater coil work is provided the heater circuit working signal 8.2 of certain pulsewidth to drive by port 4 by temperature-control circuit 8.
The course of work of the present invention is divided into two stages according to setting.When start, be provided with warm-up phase.In warm according to program setting, each functional module (demonstration, communication, ultrasonic emitting and reception, temperature are controlled) is patrolled and examined, determine whether to enter normal operating conditions,, will show failure code if the non-normal working signal appears in a certain functional module of detection system.After definite each several part is working properly, enter detection-phase, after button sends the detection instruction, CPU is according to program setting,------------------pulsewidth calculating---numerical fitting---result shows threshold test the emission ultrasound wave in the frequency mixing to receive ultrasound wave in preheating to carry out the work of whole testing process in the following order: sample introduction, in testing process, also carry out temperature control simultaneously, make constantly in certain Range of measuring temp, can also in time differentiate the abnormal sample situation in addition in the test process and stop to measure.In addition, test procedure has also been set demarcating module as required, can be after using certain hour the drift of correction system.The program flow diagram of total system as shown in Figure 9.
Claims (5)
1. ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument, it is characterized in that it comprises: AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer (1), the man-machine interface of forming by LCD (2), button (3), RS232 standard interface (3), EEPROM storage unit (5), liquid pump (6), the detection system of forming by ultrasonic probe (7), temperature-control circuit (8), oscillatory circuit (9), power amplifier (10), threshold detection circuit (11).
1) LCD (2), button (3) are connected with single-chip microcomputer (1) by serial line interface by input/output interface, standard interface (4);
2) storage unit (5) depositing for program and preset parameter;
3) central processor CPU control oscillation circuit (9) produces the constant amplitude pulse ripple, connect the transmitting terminal of ultrasonic probe (7) after power amplifier (10) amplifies, the receiving end of ultrasonic probe (7) connects central processor CPU through its comparison output feedback signal of threshold detection circuit (11) through oscillatory circuit (9);
4) ultrasonic probe (7) comprises that the outside is wound with heater coil (7.6), both ends of the surface the detector tube that piezoelectric crystal (7.2) and two ends have import and export pipeline (7.5) is housed, the both sides of piezoelectric crystal (7.2) are connected with threshold value comparator circuit (11) through the termination power amplifier (10) that goes between, the other end respectively, jointing temp control circuit (8) behind heater coil (7.6) the composition heating circuit.
2. a kind of ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said temperature-control circuit (8) is the bridge-type temperature-control circuit, its sampled voltage (8.1) outputs signal to trigger 74AC74 and single-chip microcomputer (1) with heater coil voltage (8.3) through comparer LM393, and output heating work signal (8.2) is to the heater coil (7.6) of ultrasonic probe.
3. a kind of ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said oscillatory circuit (9), comprise gate circuit (9.1) and vibration tuned circuit (9.2) composition that oscillator signal produces, gate circuit (9.1) connects single-chip microcomputer (1) and power amplifier (10), and vibration tuned circuit (9.2) connects the feedback tuning signal.
4. a kind of ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said power amplifier (10) is the inductive energy storage amplifying circuit.
5. a kind of ultrasound wave milk analysis of components instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said threshold detection circuit (11), a part is the high frequency ultrasound twt amplifier, be made of general monolithic FM/AM integrated circuit of radio receiver TA7613AP and peripheral circuit, another part is trigger LM324.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031157513A CN1194225C (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | Ultrasonic wave milk components analysis instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031157513A CN1194225C (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | Ultrasonic wave milk components analysis instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1434294A true CN1434294A (en) | 2003-08-06 |
| CN1194225C CN1194225C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB031157513A Expired - Fee Related CN1194225C (en) | 2003-03-10 | 2003-03-10 | Ultrasonic wave milk components analysis instrument |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103424468A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江工商大学 | System and method for detecting adulterated milk by aid of SAWR (surface acoustic wave resonator) |
| CN105486746A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-13 | 济南齐力光电技术有限公司 | Emulsion component analysis device and emulsion detection method |
| CN112014461A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-01 | 滁州市康普检测设备有限公司 | Detection system and method for multi-index analysis of milk |
| CN112305067A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-02 | 明一国际营养品集团有限公司 | Method and detection instrument for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection precision |
| CN112631359A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司 | Power supply discharge circuit and ultrasonic equipment |
| CN114184557A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-03-15 | 黄淮学院 | SF6 gas spectrum signal comprehensive analyzer |
-
2003
- 2003-03-10 CN CNB031157513A patent/CN1194225C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103424468A (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2013-12-04 | 浙江工商大学 | System and method for detecting adulterated milk by aid of SAWR (surface acoustic wave resonator) |
| CN105486746A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-04-13 | 济南齐力光电技术有限公司 | Emulsion component analysis device and emulsion detection method |
| CN112014461A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-01 | 滁州市康普检测设备有限公司 | Detection system and method for multi-index analysis of milk |
| CN112305067A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-02 | 明一国际营养品集团有限公司 | Method and detection instrument for improving milk quality ultrasonic detection precision |
| CN112631359A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-09 | 深圳开立生物医疗科技股份有限公司 | Power supply discharge circuit and ultrasonic equipment |
| CN114184557A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-03-15 | 黄淮学院 | SF6 gas spectrum signal comprehensive analyzer |
| CN114184557B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-08-04 | 黄淮学院 | SF6 gas spectrum signal comprehensive analyzer |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1194225C (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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