CN1434118A - Method for separating, idemtifying, purifying, heterotrophying and nitrifying microbe - Google Patents
Method for separating, idemtifying, purifying, heterotrophying and nitrifying microbe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for separating heterotrophic microorganism with nitrification activity from different soils and selective culture process by means of autotrophic ammoxidation bacterial medium, identifying and purifying it. Said invented method utilizes the steps of nutrient agar plate separation and Grignard reagent development to separate, identify and purify lots of heterotrophic microorganisms with nitrification activity from environment. Said method is good in reproducibility, its separated strain has strong representativeness, and it can reproduce the microbial in-situ condition of the soil or separated sample.
Description
Field that the present invention belongs to:
The invention belongs to microorganism field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of isolation identification purifying and have the method for the heterotrophic organism of nitrification activity.
Background technology:
Nitrogen is all teleorganic nutritive elements, also is the important component part of Global Ecological system material cycle.Use nitrogenous fertilizer to become the particularly main means of food crop high yield, volume increase of farm crop.A large amount of being applied in of nitrogenous fertilizer have also been brought serious environmental problem when increasing substantially crop yield: as eutrophication, the NH in the semiclosed waters of sealing such as the continuous growth of tap water Nitrate Accumulation, lake
4 +-NH
3Enter aquatic resources, greenhouse gases N such as water body harm fish and shellfish
2The discharging of O has aggravated the atmosphere Greenhouse effect and to destruction of ozonosphere etc.Improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, reduce loss of nitrogen fertilizer and the detrimentally affect of environment has been become the huge challenge that present agriculture production faces.Simultaneously, nitrogen form transforms again with the solution of the improvement raising of sewage sludge nitric efficiency denitrification process, body eutrophication closely related.
Nitrification is meant that generally microorganism is with NH
4 +Be oxidized to NO
2 -, NO then
2 -Reoxidize and be NO
3 -, perhaps because the process that microbial process causes oxidation state N to increase.It is the important component part of nature Nitrogen Cycling, comprises on land in the ecosystems such as farmland, waters, settling and all can take place widely, and is all significant for agriculture production, environment protection etc.As the regulation and control of the plain whereabouts of farmland N, the biological control of body eutrophication, the biological treatment of sewage sludge etc.Except the autotrophy nitrobacteria of thinking traditionally, found that at present a large amount of heterotrophic microorganisms such as fungi, bacterium and actinomycetes etc. also can carry out nitrification.For effective regulation and control, monitoring and estimate nitrification is confirmed kind, the quantity of the heterotrophic microorganism that participates in nitrification, and the isolating active that carries out representative strain differentiates and seem very important and necessary to have important theory and using value.
Winogradsky thinks that nitrification can not take place in meat soup, nitrobacteria particularly ammonium salt oxidizing bacteria can only use specific chemoautotrophy mode to live in inorganic salt.Can not on nutrient gelatin or nutrient agar plate, grow at all.The nutrition plate technique of Ke He invention only becomes the auxiliary means of check " autotrophy nitrobacteria " purity in view of the above, and never in order to separate nitrobacteria.Counting MPN method for the autotrophy nitrobacteria is to use the most general method of counting in the past and at present.Advantage is easy application, and is simple, all effective to genus different in the test sample.Shortcoming shows 1) measurement result is usually on the low side, and reason is the quantity that substratum or growth conditions fail that nitrobacteria is grown into to be enough to detect, or does not fully disperse in the dilution; 2) selectivity of substratum itself; 3) inherent statistical shortcomings, accuracy is low; 4) incubation time is long.Since the seventies in last century, the investigator uses serological method and has developed fluorescence antibody (FA, Fluorescent Antibody) technology in conjunction with micro-spike.But the maximum that the height specificity of isolating difficulty of nitrobacteria pure culture and antibody is this technology to be faced restriction.Compare with the FA technology, Kai Fa the counting that utilizes round pcr to carry out nitrobacteria has certain superiority in recent years.But from existing result, use PCR separately, to the people is that the pure strain recall rate of infiltrating in sterilization soil is lower than FA and MPN, with MPN coupling (PCR-MPN) back recall rate (Degrange that just increases, Appl.Environ.Microbiol., 1995,198:201-208), improve and the widespread use of this technology need time.Therefore, a kind of counting separation method simple, efficient, that recall rate is high of exploitation seems very important.
Quastel and Scholefield etc. take place to say to traditional nitrification autotrophic bacteria and proposed query, and be the sole carbon nitrogenous source with the pyruvic acid oxime, adopts earth-pillar percolation to carry out the selective enrichment cultivation, obtained to have generation NO
2 -The heterotrophism bacterial strain of ability (Quastel etc., Nature (London), 1950,166:940-942; Quastel etc., Biochem.J., 1952,51:278-284).Investigator afterwards adopts similar methods to carry out the separation of heterotrophic nitrification active bacterial strain more.Culture medium commonly used at present has: pyruvic acid oxime (Jensen, J.Gen.Microbiol., 1951,5:360-368; Doxtader and Alexander, Soil Sci.Soc.Amer.Proc., 1966,30:351-355), ethanamide (Verstraete etc., J.Bacteriol., 1972,110:955-961; Rho, Can.J.Microbiol., 1985,32:243-247), Beta-alanine (Stroo etc., Appl.Environ.Microbiol., 1986,52:1107-1111; Brierley, Soil Biol.Biochem., 2001,33:1403-1409) and some other organism such as oxime, pyridine (Uma, Can.J.Microbiol., 1997,43:595-598) etc.The shortcoming of this separation method is that sample pre-treatments is more loaded down with trivial details, time and effort consuming; Poor repeatability, strain separated is single and lack representativeness, can not reproduce the microorganism in situ situation of soil or separating sample.
Eylar and Schmidt (Eylar etc., J.Gen.Microbiol., 1959,20:473-481) have nitrated ability to 12 kinds and carry out separating of heterotrophic nitrification microorganism with 10 kinds of soil with different physicochemical property with glucose-yeast extract paste-peptone agar plate, and with the ammoxidation capability under the liquid pure cultivation, be index promptly, institute's strain separated on the flat board is carried out the discriminating of nitrification activity, NO with nitrite and Nitrate Accumulation amount
2 -Concentration is higher than 0.2mg NL
-1only account for total isolate 7%, NO
2 -Concentration is higher than 0.5mg NL
-1only account for total isolate 2%.The defective of this method is not consider the influence of culture medium to the bacterial strain nitrification activity, has adopted unfavorable glucose to cause heterotrophic nitrification microorganism positive rate on the low side as carbon source.Seldom there is the investigator to adopt this method to carry out the separation of heterotrophic nitrification microorganism, counting thereafter.
Papen etc. have summed up the defective that above-mentioned every technology exists in separating counting; Proposed first a kind of MPN method that can count bacterium with heterotrophic nitrification ability (Papen etc., Plant and soil, 1998,199:123-130).Papen is applied to a kind of acid softwood forest soil with nitrated potentiality in German H glwald area with this method, heterotrophic nitrification microorganism to the zone is counted, and separates the heterotrophism bacterial strain that has obtained to have nitrification activity in conjunction with the beef extract-peptone agar plate method.But regrettably do not see the research report that this method is applied to other type soil such as agricultural land soil so far as yet, there is regional limitation in possible this method.And the more traditional MPN method formality of this method do not see obviously easyly, and sense cycle is long partially.
The invention technology contents:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of isolation identification purifying and have the method for the heterotrophic microorganism of nitrification activity, adopt method isolation identification purifying of the present invention to have the heterotrophic organism good reproducibility of nitrification activity, the strain separated diversity is strong and representative.
A kind of isolation identification purifying has the method for the heterotrophic microorganism of nitrification activity, and the step that it comprises is:
1. sample to be checked is coated the PM flat board;
2. picking list bacterium colony is to PM plate streaking purifying;
3. the drop Griess reagent is to flat-plate bacterial colony;
4. in certain developing time, Griess reagent shows red person for waiting to look into positive bacterium colony;
5. picking wait to look into positive bacterium colony repeating step 2. 3. 4. once more Griess reagent to show red person positive
Bacterium colony;
In the present invention, sample to be checked is applied to dull and stereotyped going up and adopts dilution method, and the most normal employing is 10 times of dilution methods.
In example of the present invention, the PM solid medium is a beef-protein medium, and component is:
Beef extract 3 grams
Peptone 5 grams
Agar 20 grams
1000 milliliters of distilled water
Transfer medium pH to 7.0-7.2 with 1N sodium hydroxide.Be divided in the triangular flask, sterilization is fallen dull and stereotyped when substratum is cooled to 56 ℃ of left and right sides.This PM substratum is through high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis, and show that wherein nitrite and nitrate content are the mark amount: nitrite does not detect, and nitrate content is lower than 0.2mg NL
-1, can not constitute like this and just disturb the result.
Used Griess reagent comprises Sulphanilic Acid reagent and the alpha-naphthylamine reagent that preparation is respectively deposited among the present invention.In specific examples of the present invention, the preparation of Sulphanilic Acid reagent is that 0.5 gram Sulphanilic Acid (Sulfanilic acid) is dissolved in 150 milliliter 20% the dilute acetic acid solution and forms; The preparation of alpha-naphthylamine reagent is that (α-naphthylamine) is added in the dilute acetic acid solution of 20 ml distilled waters and 150 milliliter 20% and forms 0.5 gram alpha-naphthylamine.
In the present invention, the developing time behind bacterium colony drop Griess reagent to be checked is most important to result's judgement, usually developing time in 4 minutes, preferably in 3 minutes, best in 1 minute.
The method that adopts isolation identification purifying provided by the invention to have the heterotrophic microorganism of nitrification activity is compared with present employed method, and method of the present invention has simplicity, good reproducibility, and the strain separated diversity is strong and representative.Compare with the Eylar method, the highest raising 61.6% of nitrification activity positive bacteria number that method provided by the invention obtains has 24.2% at least.Present method is more easy than the method for Papen etc., the counting that can finish the nitrification activity bacterial strain simultaneously with separate, can adopt the method time of Papen etc. to shorten 5-7 days.With reference to uncle Jie Shi Bacteria Identification handbook the 9th edition, through identifying that these bacterial strains belong to a plurality of genus kinds such as genus arthrobacter, erwinia, corynebacterium, micromonospora, bacillus, Zoogloea, Rhod, Alkaligenes.
There are the same employing national standard of national standard, the employing industry standard of no national standard in various units of Shi Yonging in the present invention.Nitrite concentration is 60.0mg NO
2-NL
-1, represent to contain in every liter of solution 60 milligrams of nitrite nitrogens, nitrate content is 0.18mg NL
-1Represent to contain in every liter of solution 0.18 milligram of nitric nitrogen.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Further set forth the present invention, be to be understood that, these embodiment only are used to the present invention is described and are not used in restriction the scope of protection of present invention, unreceipted concrete experiment condition and method in the following example, usually compile as: soil microorganisms research association " day " according to normal condition, Ye Weiqing etc. translate, Science Press, 1983, the soil microorganisms laboratory method; Permitted volumes such as radiance, Beijing agricultural press, 1986, soil microorganisms analytical procedure handbook; And microbial room of Nanjing Soil Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences volume, Science Press, 1985, the condition described in the books such as soil microorganisms organon, or connect the condition of advising according to manufacturer.Preparation 1.1PM liquid nutrient medium (beef-protein medium) preparation of embodiment 1. substratum and reagent
Claim 3 gram beef extracts, 5 gram peptones are dissolved in and form the PM liquid nutrient medium in 1000 ml distilled waters, add 20 gram agar in above-mentioned unpasteurized liquid PM substratum, form the PM solid medium.
Transfer medium pH to 7.1 with 1N sodium hydroxide.Be divided in the triangular flask, sterilization is fallen dull and stereotyped when substratum is cooled to 56 ℃.The PM liquid nutrient medium is through high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis, and the result is that nitrite and nitrate content are the mark amount, and nitrite does not detect, and nitrate content is 0.18mgNL
-11.2 the preparation 1.2.1 Sulphanilic Acid reagent (A liquid) of Griess reagent: 0.5 gram Sulphanilic Acid (Sulfanilic acid) is dissolved in 150 milliliter 20% the dilute acetic acid solution, stores in brown bottle, refrigerates standby.1.2.2 alpha-naphthylamine reagent (B liquid): (α-naphthylamine) is added in the dilute acetic acid solution of 20 ml distilled waters and 150 milliliter 20% 0.5 gram alpha-naphthylamine, stores in brown bottle, refrigerates standby.1.3NB the preparation of the preparation 1.3.1 inorganic salt solution of liquid nutrient medium takes by weighing (NH
4)
2SO
42.0 gram, NaH
2PO
40.25 gram, K
2HPO
40.75 gram, MgSO
47H
2O 0.03 gram, MnSO
4H
2O 0.01 gram, FeSO
47H
2O 0.01 gram is dissolved in 1000 ml distilled waters,
Transferring the pH value of substratum with 1M NaOH is 7.1, is divided in the triangular flask sterilization.
1.3.2 the preparation of organic carbon solution
1.3.2.1 the preparation of sodium acetate solution: take by weighing 27.2 gram sodium acetate trihydrate and be dissolved in the sodium acetate solution that forms 0.20M in 1000 ml distilled waters, sterilization.
1.3.2.2 the preparation of sodium citrate solution: take by weighing 51.6 gram Trisodium Citrates and be dissolved in the sodium citrate solution that forms 0.20M in 1000 ml distilled waters, sterilization.Get inorganic salt solution 90 parts (volume ratios) during use and mix for 10 parts, form the NB substratum with organic carbon solution.Embodiment 2 separates nitrification bacteria 2.1 from the moisture soil soil of North China serve as to have carried out separation, the discriminating of allotrophic nitrobacteria for the examination soil sample with the North China moisture soil.
Sampling position: Zhao Gang township, Fengqiu County, Henan Province; Specific name: the yellow moisture soil of middle loamy texture;
The source: topsoil soils, soil becomes silted up; Soil sample is handled: air-dry, ground 20 mesh sieves; 2.2 take by weighing 1.0 gram wind desiceted soils in 250 milliliters of triangular flasks that contain 50 milliliters of sterile distilled waters, 90r/min shaking table vibration 4 hours.2.3 coat the PM flat board behind 10 times of gradient dilutions of soil suspension, three repetitions of each extent of dilution.Cultivate after 7 days for 28 ℃, picking list bacterium colony is to the PM flat board, the purifying of ruling.Microscopy proves purity.2.4 the discriminating of active bacterium
The heterotrophism bacterial strain after separation and purification that obtains is inoculated in the PM flat board, cultivated Ge Lisi 10 days for 28 ℃
Reagent directly point drips to flat board, carries out nitrification activity and confirms, and make blank with the flat board that does not connect bacterium.1
In minute, the Griess reagent colour developing takes on a red color, and showing has nitrite to generate.Repeated authentication, colour developing is anti-
Should still be positive, tentatively confirm as the nitrification activity bacterium.The PM substratum is shown through high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis
Bright wherein nitrite and nitrate content are the mark amount: wherein nitrite does not detect, nitrate content
Be lower than 0.2mgNL
-1, can not constitute and just disturb the result.2.5 the nitrification activity that liquid pure is cultivated checking
The representative bacterial strain that activity is stronger when choosing primary dcreening operation carries out.Scrape and get the pure bacterium lawn that grows in the PM flat board and go into 30 ml sterile waters, it fully is uniformly dispersed makes bacteria suspension.Inoculate 1 milliliter of bacteria suspension respectively and go into to contain in 250 milliliters of Erlenmeyer flasks of 50 milliliters of NB substratum that different organism are carbon source every group of three repetitions.And make blank with the substratum of not inoculating.28 ℃ of static cultivations are after 42 days, centrifugal 15 minutes of 4 ℃ of following 5000g of nutrient solution, the nitrite concentration in the Griess reagent method colorimetric estimation supernatant liquor.The result judges: bacterial classification sample cultivation supernatant colourimetric number subtracts the difference of blank supernatant colourimetric number greater than 0.3mgNL
-In time, is judged to and has tangible nitrification activity (table 1).The result shows that strains tested all has nitrification activity preferably.Confirm that aforesaid method separates the acquisition positive strain and have nitrification activity equally when liquid pure is cultivated, prove result's that aforesaid method obtains reliability.
The colourimetric number of each bacterial strain of table 1 (is represented NO with nitrite
2 --NmgL
-1)
Bacterial strain carbon source Trisodium Citrate sodium acetate
XY-3???????????????????????????0.4??????????????????????1.0
WY-2???????????????????????????0.0??????????????????????1.7
WY-19??????????????????????????0.7??????????????????????0.3
WY-20??????????????????????????0.0??????????????????????0.4
WY-21??????????????????????????0.7??????????????????????0.8
WR-2???????????????????????????0.6??????????????????????8.2
WT-1???????????????????????????0.3??????????????????????1.9
WH-1???????????????????????????0.0??????????????????????0.4
CK 0.0 0.12.6 active bacterial strain that strain identification obtains carries out strain identification with reference to uncle Jie Shi Bacteria Identification handbook the 9th edition, the results are shown in Table 2.
The classification of table 2 North China moisture soil separated portions active bacterial strain
Plant (genus) name representative strain genus arthrobacter (Arthrobacter) WY-1, WR-2 erwinia (Erwinia) WT-1, XY-3 corynebacterium (Corynebacterium) WY-19 micromonospora (Micromonospora) WH-1 bacillus (Bacillus) bacillus pumilus (Bacillus brevis) WY-2, the separation of the heterotrophic nitrification active bacterial strain of WY-21 Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) WX-2 Bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans) WR-8 bacillus firmus (Bacillus firmus) WR-9 embodiment 3 different areas Different Soil samples counting 3.1 by the identical program of embodiment 2 and method from China's 9 kinds of dissimilar soil samples in 4 areas (table 3), separate and differentiated a large amount of representative heterotrophic nitrification active bacterial strains, wherein nitrification activity positive bacteria number accounts for the 22.2%-80.8% (table 4) of institute's separation and Culture thing sum.And the method for employing Eylar etc., nitrification activity positive bacteria number only accounts for the 3.3%-19.2% of institute's separation and Culture thing sum.
The Yang Ling chilli oil soil nonirrigated farmland, specific name source pH 1 Shaanxi, numbering sampling position, source of each soil sample of table 3, moisture soil nonirrigated farmland, North China, Fengqiu, topsoil soils 8.04 2 Henan, moisture soil paddy field, North China, Fengqiu, topsoil soils 8.48 3 Henan, topsoil soils 8.24 4 Jiangxi Yingtan red clay in quaternary period nonirrigated farmlands, topsoil soils 5.46 5 Jiangxi Yingtan red clay in quaternary period paddy fields, topsoil soils 6.13 6 Jiangxi Yingtan red clay in quaternary period waste hillsides, crow grid soil paddy field, Changshu, topsoil 4.88 7 Jiangsu, crow grid soil nonirrigated farmland, Changshu, topsoil soils 7.41 8 Jiangsu, yellow soil paddy field, Lianyun Harbour, topsoil soils 6.41 9 Jiangsu, topsoil soils 6.32
Nitrification activity bacterium number statistics numbering soil sample positive bacteria ratio (the present invention) positive bacteria ratio (method of Eylar) the 1 chilli oil soil of each soil sample of table 4, nonirrigated farmland 40.0% 8.3% 2 North China moisture soils, nonirrigated farmland 78.6% 17.2% 3 North China moisture soils, paddy field red clay in 62.5% 14.8% 4 quaternary period, nonirrigated farmland red clay in 22.2% 3.3% 5 quaternary period, paddy field red clay in 45.5% 9.1% 6 quaternary period, waste hillside 53.3% 10.5% 7 black grid soil, paddy field 80.8% 19.2% 8 black grid soil, nonirrigated farmland 33.3% 5.0% 9 yellow soils, paddy field 28.2% 4.0%3.2 belongs to genus arthrobacter with reference to uncle Jie Shi Bacteria Identification handbook the 9th edition through identifying these active bacterial strains, erwinia, corynebacterium, micromonospora, bacillus, Zoogloea, Rhod, a plurality of genus kinds such as Alkaligenes.With the bacillus is example, has a plurality of kinds bacterial strain to have nitrification activity (table 5), and has delivered China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center (CGMCC) preservation, and the preservation catalogue sees Table 6.Fully confirm the present invention and had universality, the advantage of good reproducibility, the strain separated diversity is strong and representative, and has obvious superiority than the method for Eylar etc.: the positive rate height; Method than Papen etc. is more easy: and can finish the separation counting of active bacterium simultaneously.
Taxonomic species (genus) name representative strain bacillus (Bacillus) bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium) B422 of table 5 bacillus part bacterial strain, B217, B188 bacillus brevis (Bacillus brevis) B319, B455, B606 Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis) B072, B078, B189 Bacillus circulans (Bacillus circulans) B295, B347, B508 bacillus firmus (Bacillus firmus) B324, B403, B563 Bacillus coagulans (Bacillus coagulans) B247, B205, B337 bacillus lentus (Bacillus lentus) B204, B118, the cured shape genus bacillus of B631 (Bacillus cereus) B135, B305, B449 bacillus pumilus (Bacillus pumilus) B112, B278, B557 bacillus globisporus (Bacillus globisporus) B046, B534, B604 Bacillus sphaericus (Bacillus sphaericus) B015, B025, B614 bacillus badius (Bacillus badius) B609, B617, B463 bacillus mycoides (Bacillus mycoides) B019, B059, B391
6B422 CGMCC NO.0554 Bacillus megaterium NBB-422 B324 CGMCC NO.0555 Bacillus firmus NBB-324 B319 CGMCC NO.0556 Bacillus brevis NBB-319 B295 CGMCC NO.0557 Bacillus circulans NBB-295 B247 CGMCC NO.0558 Bacillus coagulans NBB-247 B204 CGMCC NO.0559 Bacillus lentus NBB-204 B135 CGMCC NO.0560 Bacillus cereus NBB-135 B112 CGMCC NO.056l Bacillus pumilus NBB-112 B072 CGMCC NO.0562 Bacillus licheniformis NBB-072 B046 CGMCC NO.0563 Bacillus globisporus NBB-046 B015 CGMCC NO.0564 Bacillus sphaericus NBB-015 B58-3 CGMCC NO.0565 Bacillus badius NBB-58-3 B609 CGMCC NO.0566 Bacillus subtilis NBB-609 B019 CGMCC NO.0586 Bacillus mycoides NBB-019 44.1： ：； Source:paddy field, topsoil soils; Soil sample is handled:fresh soil; 4.2 take by weighing 1.0 gram wind desiceted soils in 250 milliliters of triangular flasks that contain 50 milliliters of inorganic ammonium salt substratum (same 1.3.1 fills a prescription), 100r/min shaking table vibration 30 minutes.The static cultivation in back.In cultivating 0 day, the separation counting of heterotrophic nitrification active bacterial strain is carried out in sampling in 24 days.4.3 coat the PM flat board behind soil suspension 10 * gradient dilution, 28 ℃ of of of of of three repetitions of each extent of dilution.Cultivate after 7 days for, picking list bacterium colony is to the PM flat board, the purifying of ruling.Microscopy proves purity.4.4 the discriminating of active bacterium
The heterotrophism bacterial strain after separation and purification that obtains is inoculated in the PM flat board, cultivated 10 days for 28 ℃, Griess reagent directly point drips to flat board, carries out nitrification activity and confirms, and make blank with the flat board that does not connect bacterium.In 1 minute, the Griess reagent colour developing takes on a red color, and showing has nitrite to generate.Repeated authentication, color reaction still is positive, and tentatively confirms as the nitrification activity bacterium.The PM substratum is through high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis, and show that wherein nitrite and nitrate content are the mark amount: wherein nitrite does not detect, and nitrate content is lower than 0.2mg NL
-1, can not constitute and just disturb the result.4.5 the results are shown in Table 7, obtained to have in a large number the heterotrophic microorganism of nitrification activity equally.Proved that once more the present invention has universality, the advantage of good reproducibility.
(for the examination soil sample: black grid soil) incubation time positive bacteria ratio positive bacteria is formed (genus bacillus is an example) 0 day 33.3% bacillus megaterium, cured shape genus bacillus, Bacillus circulans to table 7 with the nitrification activity strains separation of nitrated process counting
24 days 50% bacillus megateriums of Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis, cured shape genus bacillus, bacillus brevis,
The comparison of subtilis, 4.6 method of counting of the present invention and traditional MPN counting is an example with black grid soil paddy field, red soil paddy field and moisture soil paddy field, North China.The results are shown in Table 8.
The comparison of table 8 and traditional MPN counting
| Cultivated 0 day | Crow grid soil paddy field | The red soil paddy field | Moisture soil paddy field, North China | |
| MPN counting Cell/g dry ground | ????7.20×10 3 | ????4.93×10 3 | ????4.61×10 5 | |
| Plate count cell/g dry ground | ????3.11×10 7 | ????1.88×10 6 | ????1.99×10 6 | |
| Active bacterium accounts for the ratio of heterotrophic bacterium | ????33.3％ | ????46.7％ | ????54.2％ | |
| Cultivated 24 days | MPN counting Cell/g dry ground | ????3.40×10 10 | ????2.59×10 11 | ????9.90×10 12 |
| Plate count cell/g dry ground | ????3.05×10 10 | ????4.02×10 10 | ????2.23×10 12 | |
| Active bacterium accounts for the ratio of heterotrophic bacterium | ????50.0％ | ????38.9％ | ????40.0％ |
Claims (7)
1. an isolation identification purifying has the method for the heterotrophic microorganism of nitrification activity, and the step that it comprises is:
1. sample to be checked is coated the PM flat board;
2. picking list bacterium colony is to PM plate streaking purifying;
3. the drop Griess reagent is to flat-plate bacterial colony;
4. in certain developing time, Griess reagent shows red person for waiting to look into positive bacterium colony;
5. picking wait to look into positive bacterium colony repeating step 2. 3. 4. once more Griess reagent to show red person positive
Bacterium colony;
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that coating the PM flat board behind 10 times of gradient dilutions of sample to be checked.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the PM substratum is a beef-protein medium, component is:
Beef extract 3 grams
Peptone 5 grams
Agar 20 grams
1000 milliliters of distilled water
pH7.0-7.2。
4. method according to claim 1, wherein Griess reagent comprises Sulphanilic Acid reagent and the alpha-naphthylamine reagent that preparation is respectively deposited.
5. isolation identification purifying according to claim 4 has the method for the heterotrophic organism of nitrification activity, it is characterized in that: the preparation of Sulphanilic Acid reagent is that 0.5 gram Sulphanilic Acid is dissolved in 150 milliliter 20% the dilute acetic acid solution and forms; The preparation of alpha-naphthylamine reagent is that 0.5 gram alpha-naphthylamine is added in the dilute acetic acid solution of 20 ml distilled waters and 150 milliliter 20% and forms.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Griess reagent developing time is in 3 minutes.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Griess reagent developing time is in 1 minute.
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| CN100339487C (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-09-26 | 上海交通大学 | Method of separating screening heterotrophic nitration bacteria |
| WO2009018686A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Guanghao Peng | A method for removing the contamination of c, n utilizing heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria |
| CN101348836B (en) * | 2008-08-31 | 2011-07-20 | 华南理工大学 | Fluorescent in situ hybridization detecting method for nitrate bacteria 16SrDNA |
| CN106916873A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-04 | 无锡市中渔健宝生物有限公司 | A kind of method for quick of nitrobacteria nitrification effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100339487C (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2007-09-26 | 上海交通大学 | Method of separating screening heterotrophic nitration bacteria |
| WO2009018686A1 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Guanghao Peng | A method for removing the contamination of c, n utilizing heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria |
| AU2007357524B2 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2010-12-16 | Guanghao Peng | A method for removing the contamination of C, N utilizing heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria |
| US8394272B2 (en) | 2007-08-08 | 2013-03-12 | Guanghao Peng | Method for removing the contamination of C,N utilizing heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria |
| CN101348836B (en) * | 2008-08-31 | 2011-07-20 | 华南理工大学 | Fluorescent in situ hybridization detecting method for nitrate bacteria 16SrDNA |
| CN106916873A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-07-04 | 无锡市中渔健宝生物有限公司 | A kind of method for quick of nitrobacteria nitrification effect |
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| CN1187440C (en) | 2005-02-02 |
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