CN1430078A - Multimode optical fiber row and prism coupled double wrapping optical fiber device and its coupling method - Google Patents
Multimode optical fiber row and prism coupled double wrapping optical fiber device and its coupling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1430078A CN1430078A CN 03102424 CN03102424A CN1430078A CN 1430078 A CN1430078 A CN 1430078A CN 03102424 CN03102424 CN 03102424 CN 03102424 A CN03102424 A CN 03102424A CN 1430078 A CN1430078 A CN 1430078A
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- optical fiber
- doubly clad
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- clad optical
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Abstract
A multi-mode optical fibre gang is prepared from multi-mode optical fibres through close arranging, fixing, and grinding and polishing its one end to form a light-receiving surface by an angle relative to optical axis. It is optically connected with a double-cladded optical fibre. A prism waveguide coupling method is also disclosed. The light is pumped to the incident surface of prism waveguide and then coupled into said double-cladded optical fibre and in turn to said optical fibre gang.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Laser Devices and coupling technique thereof, especially diode-end-pumped is optically coupled into and produces high-power laser technology in the doubly clad optical fiber, belong to laser technology field.
Background technology
At present, known double-clad optical fiber laser pump light coupling technique has end pump, limit pump and taper (Taper) optical fiber coupling scheme.End pump coupling scheme adopt lens that pump light is focused on the doubly clad optical fiber end face, directly be coupled in the doubly clad optical fiber, it is simple in structure, be easy to realize, but be difficult to realization owing to exist focal beam spot and optical fiber inner cladding end face to mate fully, coupling efficiency is not high, particularly when improving pumping light power, because of light-receiving area is limit, the optical density at fiber end face place is high, so easily cause the fiber end face damage; Taper optical fiber coupling scheme are a kind of improved end pump coupling scheme, and its coupling efficiency is higher than end pump coupling scheme, but can not realize that loop laser cavity configuration and laser amplify.Existing limit pump coupling scheme are after a section with doubly clad optical fiber divests overlay and surrounding layer, open a V-shaped groove in inner cladding one side, pump light vertically injects the doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding from opposite side after lenticule focuses on, utilize the V-shaped groove inclined-plane, realize the coupling of total internal reflection pump light and doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding, this coupling scheme make doubly clad optical fiber two ends freedom, can realize multiple laser cavity structure.But there is weak point, at first opens the required technical requirement height of a V-shaped groove, complex process at inner cladding; Secondly used poly-V groove pumping when realizing high power pumping, complex structure is difficult for realizing.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the difficulty that the Pumping mechanism complex structure is difficult to realize when the high power pump, the invention provides a kind of multimode optical fiber of novel structure and the doubly clad optical fiber device of prism-coupled doubly clad optical fiber pumping configuration.This device can be realized the limit pumping of doubly clad optical fiber, and multi-point pump when being easy to realize the array high-power semiconductor laser to doubly clad optical fiber.Based on this pump mode, can realize the powerful double-clad optical fiber laser of multiple structure, high-gain amplifier and super-fluorescence light source.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems has two kinds: multimode optical fiber row coupling and prisms waveguide coupling.
Scheme one: multimode optical fiber row coupling.Be that multimode optical fiber row is closely arranged and formed by many circles, heavy in section multimode optical fiber waveguide square or rectangle, be subjected to a section of light to be fixed into that grind a row back, polishing, each optical fiber of the other end is separate.The strip pump light of array semi-conductor laser instrument output, after the microtrabeculae lens are assembled, inject multimode optical fiber row, conduct passed optical waveguide after multimode optical fiber row received pump light, each root multimode fiber exiting surface through grind with optical axis at angle, then respectively with divest one section overlay with surrounding layer and the doubly clad optical fiber optics of exposed inner cladding contacts, pump light is coupled in the doubly clad optical fiber.
Scheme two: prisms waveguide coupling.Be the strip pump light of array semi-conductor laser instrument output, after the microtrabeculae lens are assembled, the vertical coupling prism plane of incidence that injects.The prism exiting surface contacts with the inner cladding optics of the doubly clad optical fiber that has divested overlay and surrounding layer, guaranteed pump light from then on surface of contact by the time loss very little.Pump light directly is coupled in the doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding by the prism exiting surface, and many doubly clad optical fibers are placed side by side, has promptly realized multi-point pump simultaneously, and can carry out the coupling of high pumping power.
The present invention realizes that the method for doubly clad optical fiber device is: with the doubly clad optical fiber ring around on the fixture, the somewhere forms many doubly clad optical fibers and places side by side thereon, in this position, the overlay and the surrounding layer of doubly clad optical fiber are divested one section, make its inner cladding exposed, form many and have only the optical fiber of inner cladding and core to discharge side by side.When guaranteeing each other closely contact, making the inner cladding sensitive surface is an optical flat, so that bonding with prism.The plane that the inclined-plane of prism and many inner claddings form side by side is bonding, and guarantees the optics contact.The prism oblique angle determines according to the numerical aperture of doubly clad optical fiber and inner cladding refractive index, no longer releases after pump light imports in the inner cladding guaranteeing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this device can be realized the limit pumping of doubly clad optical fiber, and multi-point pump when being easy to realize the array high-power semiconductor laser to doubly clad optical fiber.Based on this pump mode, can realize the powerful double-clad optical fiber laser of multiple structure, high-gain amplifier and super-fluorescence light source.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, be multimode optical fiber row coupling scheme front end light path synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 a, multimode optical fiber row coupling scheme rear end single optical fiber coupler structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 b, the light cone synoptic diagram of a bit propagating forward arbitrarily through the optical fiber cross section.
Fig. 3, doubly clad optical fiber (DCF) cross-sectional width are to the relation curve that influences of coupling efficiency.
Fig. 4, doubly clad optical fiber (DCF) inner cladding refractive index are to the relation curve that influences of coupling efficiency.
Fig. 5 a, single cladded-fiber (SCF) numerical aperture are to the influence of coupling efficiency.
Fig. 5 b, doubly clad optical fiber (DCF) numerical aperture are to the influence of coupling efficiency.
Fig. 6, prisms waveguide coupling scheme light path synoptic diagram.
1. strip semiconductor LD 2.LD exiting surfaces, 3. multimode optical fibers, 4. multimode optical fibers are arranged the optical axis 14. doubly clad optical fibers 15. microtrabeculae lens of 5. doubly clad optical fiber inner claddings, 6. fibre cores, 7. surrounding layers, 8. overlays, 9. coupling prisms, 10. coupling prism oblique angle 11. pump lights, 12. single optical fiber coupling mechanisms, 13. single optical fiber coupling mechanisms among the figure
Embodiment
Multimode optical fiber row mode: Fig. 1 is multimode optical fiber row coupling scheme light path synoptic diagram.It is more bigger than the strip pump light width of semiconductor laser array output that multimode optical fiber is arranged 4 width.Strip pump light by semiconductor laser array output injects multimode optical fiber row 4 after microtrabeculae lens 15 are assembled, after pump light imported in the multimode optical fiber, multimode optical fiber can disperse also can be concentrated into fibre bundle or optical fiber row separately.The exiting surface of multimode optical fiber grind and with axis α at angle, the determining and to decide according to the refractive index of inner cladding 5 materials of doubly clad optical fiber of angle, make pump light by the bright dipping of multimode optical fiber exiting surface after the refraction of multimode optical fiber exiting surface and doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding optics surface of contact is coupled into the inner cladding 5 of doubly clad optical fiber, and form total internal reflection can guarantee that pump light transmits in inner cladding 5 time, make pump light in inner cladding, to transmit and do not release.The Coupling point of multimode optical fiber and doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding can be side by side, also can scatter.Place compact conformation side by side; But place multi-point pump and good heat dissipation effect and scatter.
Single multimode optical fiber and doubly clad optical fiber coupled structure as shown in Figure 2, wherein multimode optical fiber is closely bonded by the refractive index low-consumption optical glue identical with pure quartz with the doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding.By geometrical optics as can be known, light is propagated in optical fiber, have only the light that satisfies total reflection condition could be in fibre core stable transfer, therefore in fibre core arbitrarily a bit forward light of transmission must satisfy:
N wherein
1Be fiber core refractive index, n
2Be cladding index, θ is the angle of light and shaft axis of optic fibre, and φ is the projection of this light on the cross section and the angle of y axle.On then single covering multimode optical fiber (SCF) end face can think arbitrarily a bit with along with the shaft axis of optic fibre angular separation less than θ
mThe sub-light source of emission.Then the light that sends of sub-light source is after the refraction of doubly clad optical fiber (DCF) side, and a part incides on the rectangle optical fiber bottom surface, and a part incides on the side, and the sub-fraction light that satisfies total reflection condition is reflecting receipt covering multimode optical fiber SCF at the interface in addition.After repeatedly reflecting, the light that only all satisfies total reflection condition in each side just can be coupled among the doubly clad optical fiber DCF, and other light does not all lose very soon owing to do not satisfy transmission conditions.Adopt the method for numerical simulation, suppose that the light number of a bit outwards launching arbitrarily on the SCF cross section all satisfies Gaussian distribution; Consider the different of SCF fiber core refractive index and DCF cladding index, the relation curve of coupling efficiency η and SCF oblique angle α as shown in Figure 2.
As seen from the figure, when α=14 °, there is maximum value 80% in coupling efficiency, and when oblique angle α increased or reduces, coupling efficiency all can reduce.This is that the incident angle of light on DCF bottom surface and side is also corresponding to be reduced, and causes a large amount of light to overflow from surrounding layer because of not satisfying total reflection condition because when α increases.When α reduced, light was in SCF and the corresponding increase of DCF incident angle at the interface, thereby reflectivity is increased even part light arranged because of total reflection can't enter DCF, caused coupling efficiency to reduce.
In addition, each parameter of coupling efficiency η and optical fiber is all closely related, and Fig. 3 has provided the influence relation of DCF optical fiber geometric parameter to coupling efficiency.When d reduces since light at s
sAnd s
bOn allocation proportion change, caused the coupling efficiency subtle change, as d during less than SCF fibre core internal diameter R, part light directly overflows from the SCF end face and causes coupling efficiency to reduce significantly.
Fig. 4 shows SCF fibre core n
1Under the certain situation of refractive index, DCF inner cladding refractive index n
3To the influence of coupling efficiency, work as n
3Increase to n
1The time, the also corresponding increase of the α value when coupling efficiency is got maximum value, this is because work as hour n of α
3Increase, the angle of total reflection reduces, and reduces at the light proportion of SCF end face reflection, and coupling efficiency increases, when α is big, and n
3Increase the refraction angle and diminish, make the angle of light and DCF bottom surface diminish, be more conducive to light and overflow, and cause coupling efficiency to reduce from the DCF lower surface.Simultaneously when several coupling mechanisms are united use, because n
3Increase can cause the light string among the DCF to increase to the ratio among the SCF, so n
3With n
1Difference is difficult for too little.
SCF optical fiber, DCF Optical Fiber Numerical Aperture to the influence of coupling efficiency respectively shown in Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b curve, when the SCF numerical aperture increases, it is big that the light at edge and DCF bottom surface angle become, and causes the light of this part easily to overflow from the DCF bottom surface, thereby coupling efficiency is reduced.When the DCF numerical aperture increased, the tapered zone that can hold light increased, and the facial expression ability increases, the corresponding increase of coupling efficiency.
Suitably select SCF, the DCF of suitable parameters, the coupling efficiency of this mode can reach more than 90%.
Prisms waveguide mode: Fig. 6 is a prisms waveguide coupling scheme light path synoptic diagram.Impinge perpendicularly on the plane of incidence of coupling prism (9) by the strip pump light (11) after the microtrabeculae lens are assembled of semiconductor laser array output, coupling prism exiting surface contacts with inner cladding (5) optics that has divested the overlay (8) and the doubly clad optical fiber of surrounding layer (7), when coupling prism material refractive index and doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding coupling, pump light is almost along the surface of contact of straight-line pass coupling prism and doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding, and refraction effect does not take place or have very little refraction to exist, like this, pump light is coupled in the inner cladding of doubly clad optical fiber with very little loss.Improve the coupling efficiency of pump light, and doubly clad optical fiber two ends all be freely, can realize multiple laser cavity structure, and the high-gain amplifier of doubly clad optical fiber.The oblique angle of prism (10) can be determined according to the inner cladding refractive index of doubly clad optical fiber, produces total internal reflection as long as can satisfy pump light in the doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding, just can guarantee that pump light transmits in the doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding and do not release.Required prism less than 0.4 millimeters thick of this single-point coupling is difficult to processing.In order to overcome the difficulty of processes, and realize multiple spot pumping simultaneously, we can be further with this scheme expansion.Concrete grammar is to be spaced a distance at a rectangle or square doubly clad optical fiber, divest overlay and surrounding layer a bit of, then that many places are exposed inner cladding is closely arranged, form a width and the consistent slab waveguide of semiconductor laser output strip pump light length, make its surface prisms waveguide optics suitable bonding then with width.Semiconductor laser output strip pump light does not need the lens compression like this, just can directly be coupled into inner cladding from the diverse location of doubly clad optical fiber simultaneously through prisms waveguide.Reduce the optical density at incidence surface and prisms waveguide and inner cladding interface place, greatly reduced the probability of system's fire damage, helped the coupling of big pump power.
Claims (8)
1. a multimode optical fiber is arranged coupling doubly clad optical fiber device, comprise multimode optical fiber, it is characterized in that: closely rearrange multimode optical fiber row (4) by many root multimode fibers, its exiting surface becomes single optical fiber coupling mechanism (12) through grinding, the angled á of abrasive surface and optical axis (13) (parameter of this angle and optical fiber is complementary) contacts with its inner cladding (5) side optics then.
2. multimode optical fiber row coupling doubly clad optical fiber device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described multimode optical fiber cross section is circular, square or rectangle; Optical fiber row's rear end single optical fiber coupling mechanism (12) is to be formed through grinding by single multimode optical fiber exiting surface.
3. according to the laser coupled method of the described device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the strip pump light of array semi-conductor laser instrument (1) output, after microtrabeculae lens (15) are assembled, inject multimode optical fiber row (4), multimode optical fiber row assembles bunchy in the rear end, the hot spot of pump light after this optical fiber row shaping with strip becomes circular light spot like this, after coupled lens focuses on, realizes with the end pump mode pump light being coupled in the doubly clad optical fiber.
4. according to the laser coupled method of the described device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: the light of multimode optical fiber outgoing is realized multi-point pump, two directional pump simultaneously with the side coupling of the diverse location of doubly clad optical fiber respectively, and each single-point all can adopt the described coupling scheme of claim 1.
5. prism-coupled doubly clad optical fiber device, comprise doubly clad optical fiber, it is characterized in that: constitute by right angle wedge type prism (9) and square (or rectangle) doubly clad optical fiber (14), the inclined-plane of prism and many divest overlay and surrounding layer and sensitive surface plane that exposed inner cladding (5) forms side by side is bonding, the optics contact.
6. according to the described device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the formation of described device, the inner cladding that the multistage of rectangle (or square) doubly clad optical fiber (14) diverse location is divested overlay and surrounding layer is closely arranged, form a width and the consistent slab waveguide of semiconductor laser output strip pump light length, make its prisms waveguide optics suitable bonding then with width.
7. according to the laser coupled method of claim 5 or 6 described devices, it is characterized in that: the strip pump light of array semi-conductor laser instrument output, after the microtrabeculae lens are assembled, the vertical coupling prism plane of incidence that injects, the prism exiting surface contacts with inner cladding (5) optics of the doubly clad optical fiber (14) that has divested overlay and surrounding layer, is accepted the LD pump light of large tracts of land bright dipping and it is entered doubly clad optical fiber from another exiting surface compression by right angle wedge type waveguide.
8. according to the laser coupled method of claim 5 or 6 described devices, it is characterized in that: many doubly clad optical fibers are placed side by side, can realize multi-point pump simultaneously, and can carry out the coupling of high pumping power.
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| CN03102424A CN100582833C (en) | 2003-01-28 | 2003-01-28 | Multimode optical fiber row and prism coupled double wrapping optical fiber device and its coupling method |
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| CN03102424A CN100582833C (en) | 2003-01-28 | 2003-01-28 | Multimode optical fiber row and prism coupled double wrapping optical fiber device and its coupling method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101403810B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-06-09 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Pump coupling structure of double-cladding optical fiber laser |
| CN103209022A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏海虹电子有限公司 | Space optic coupling detection device based on optical fiber arrays |
| CN103439773A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | High-power all-solid-state continuous laser beam combining system |
| CN107850732A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-03-27 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | With the optical module for forming multi-mode coupler on a semiconductor substrate |
-
2003
- 2003-01-28 CN CN03102424A patent/CN100582833C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101403810B (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-06-09 | 福州高意通讯有限公司 | Pump coupling structure of double-cladding optical fiber laser |
| CN103209022A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2013-07-17 | 江苏海虹电子有限公司 | Space optic coupling detection device based on optical fiber arrays |
| CN103209022B (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2016-05-25 | 江苏海虹电子有限公司 | Space optical coupling sniffer based on fiber array |
| CN103439773A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | High-power all-solid-state continuous laser beam combining system |
| CN107850732A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-03-27 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | With the optical module for forming multi-mode coupler on a semiconductor substrate |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN100582833C (en) | 2010-01-20 |
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