CN1428461A - Wear-proof chromium nitride cladding material with gradient composition - Google Patents
Wear-proof chromium nitride cladding material with gradient composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1428461A CN1428461A CN 01122319 CN01122319A CN1428461A CN 1428461 A CN1428461 A CN 1428461A CN 01122319 CN01122319 CN 01122319 CN 01122319 A CN01122319 A CN 01122319A CN 1428461 A CN1428461 A CN 1428461A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- chromium
- base material
- nitrogen
- chromium nitride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for making a plating layer containing chrome and nitrogen on the surface of sliding base material of sliding component. The chrome concentration of said plating layer is progressive increased along perpendicular direction from the surface of said base material to the surface of said plating layer continuously, and the obtained plating layer possesses good wearability and initial adaptability, and said plating layer also contains intermediate layer.
Description
The present invention is that the denomination of invention submitted on November 10th, 1994 is that " having the chromium of good wear resistance and the coating of nitrogen ", application number are 94113832.1 divide an application.
The present invention relates to sliding part for example the surface of the slip base material in the piston ring (piston ring) make have good wear resistance, good flexibility of operation and good initial adaptive coating.
As obtaining that sliding part for example is used for the necessary wear resistance of piston ring of oil engine and the typical plating that carries out is handled, because needing high-engine power, high-engine performance and exhaust regulates, make the necessary performance of piston ring become more strict, be difficult to obtain gratifying heat-resisting, wear-resisting and anti-adhesion property with this technology formerly of chromium plating.
Someone proposes surface treatment, and for example lining condensation material, flame plating technology and nitrogenize improve these problems.In recent years, develop ion plating coating (ion-plating coating), and be applied to for example outer sliding surface of piston ring.Chromium nitride cladding material wherein is by making nitrogen and chromium react the piston ring for preparing with the gas phase form, and its cost is very effective, and has significant wear resistance and anti-adhesion characteristics.Yet this coating is cramic coat (ceramic coating), and if coating is big with the nonhomogeneous hardness of the material of the cylinder that uses piston ring, produces the intensive gas leak phenomenon between the aging time after beginning to operate owing to cylinder is impaired.As described, the wearing and tearing of this piston ring itself are less.Yet, owing to can produce cylinder wear in some cases, thereby it is believed that the ring that can't obtain to have gratifying characteristic.Therefore, for example zinc-plated or lining condensation material of a soft coating for example Cr-N and Ti-N coating can have been formed in the outmost surface of cramic coat.But there is problem such as expensive and poor adhesion.
For addressing the above problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide the coating on the surface that is used for sliding part, this coating has gratifying wear resistance and initial adaptability, and can be used for for example piston ring of sliding part.This coating can use such part under the rigor condition in oil engine, in oil engine, because exhaust is regulated and high-power output, thermal load is very big.
In first embodiment, the invention provides a kind of coating that constitutes by chromium and nitrogen that forms on the surface of the base material of parts slidably, it is characterized in that the part at the described coating that contacts with the surface of described base material is a chromium nitride, and in the described coating chromium content with the direction of the Surface Vertical of described base material on increase continuously by the surface of described chromium nitride to described coating.
In second embodiment, the chromium nitride that contacts with the surface of this base material can be present in the segment thickness of this coating with constant chromium content.
In the 3rd embodiment, described coating also comprises the middle layer, a part that it is characterized in that this middle layer of contacting with the surface of base material is a chromium, and the chromium content in the described middle layer with the direction of the Surface Vertical of this base material on reduce continuously to described chromium nitride by described chromium.
Be used for forming roughly as shown in Figure 1 according to the ion plating equipment of coating of the present invention.
The section of the coating of the linear analysis that is used for embodiment that is obtained by the present invention is seen shown in Figure 2.
The linear analysis of the coating among Fig. 2 the results are shown in Figure 3.
The wearing test of the coating of making by ion plating under each nitrogen partial pressure the results are shown in Figure 4.
Hardness Distribution in the coating of the present invention is seen shown in Figure 5.
After coating of the present invention is aging, in outside surface, comprise tufftride chromium or chromium, have good adaptability, and comprise having good abrasion resistance and hard chromium nitride this substrate surface adjacency.When being used for piston ring, be slidingly matched part for example cylinder can not be compromised, the characteristic of this pottery chromium nitride is utilized.But when this pottery contacts the metal at the interface between base material and coating, may there be the sticking problem of this coating.Under these circumstances, according to the present invention, do not prepare chromium nitride, but make the middle layer at this substrate surface earlier, form chromium nitride layer then with gradient composition with good abrasion resistance at this substrate interface.In this middle layer, the part in the described middle layer that contacts with the surface of described base material is a chromium, nonnitrogenous, and the nitrogen content in the described middle layer with the direction of the Surface Vertical of described base material on have the chromium nitride layer that gradient forms and increase continuously to described by described chromium.Because the almost unazotized chromium layer of coefficient of thermal expansion of this chromium layer is identical with this base material, so this chromium layer is heated stress influence hardly and sticks to securely on the described base material.In addition, because this coating is softer, can be used as the sliding surface of the sliding part of under rigor condition, working.
With the present invention of following embodiment specific explanations.
Used ion plating equipment is seen Fig. 1.The base material 1 usefulness well heater 3 that is fixed on the base material frame 2 is heated, and base material 1 usefulness heat regulator (not illustrating in the drawings) is maintained specified temperature.Water-cooled Steel Crucible 6 is placed the below of the base material 1 of container 9, and the metal 5 in Steel Crucible 6 is used as source vaporize.Pipeline 11 is introduced nitrogen in the container 9.Be used for making the electron beam gun 8 of metal 5 vaporizations to be placed in the sidewall of container 9.Focusing coil 7 be positioned at crucible 6 around so that electronics by electron beam gun 8 directives metal 5 to be vaporized.Pressure in the container 9 reduces with the vacuum pump (not shown).Baffle plate 10 is between crucible 6 and base material frame 2.With SUS 440C stainless steel plate (be of a size of 50 * 50 * 10mm) put into this equipment as base material and make container 9 become vacuum after, argon gas is introduced containers 9 from pipeline 11, and the pressure of container 9 is reduced to 1 * 10
-1Torr.Then with the surface of base material 1 by cleaning as cathodic discharge with base material 1.Then this base material is heated to 400 ℃ and the pressure of container 9 reduced to 5 * 10
-5Torr.After this, place the chromium metal 5 of crucible 6 to vaporize by making electron beam by electron beam gun 8 directives chromium metal 5.Nitrogen partial pressure reaches 2 * 10 in the container 9 by being made by introducing pipeline 11 introducing nitrogen
-3Torr, and carry out vapour deposition by opening baffle plate 10.Such condition was kept 2 minutes.Nitrogen is reduced to 1 * 10 continuously with 20 fens clock times
-4Torr, wherein the dividing potential drop of nitrogen is zero, and such dividing potential drop was kept 2 minutes.With flapper closure.After this, the base material 1 that will form vapour deposition coating on the surface takes out from container 9.Carry out following test with the vapour deposition coating that so forms then.(1) analyzes the variation of nitrogen and chromium content with X-ray microanalyzer
For the average variation that the content of chromium and nitrogen in the detection coating is promptly measured, carry out linear analysis (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3) to the lining with the direction cutting of sample edge and this Surface Vertical and by table.In the coating content of chromium with inner region that base material contacts in lower, and regional higher near this surface.And, in the coating content of nitrogen with inner region that base material contacts in the highest, and lower in zone near this surface.(2) analyze the composition of outmost surface with X-ray diffraction method
Analysis according to X-ray diffraction result and ASTM card is reached a conclusion: the composition in the outmost surface of this vapour deposition coating is Cr+Cr
2N.(3) analyzing section with X-ray diffraction method forms
As mentioned above, the chemical constitution of coating of the present invention is changed to the surface continuously by inside.Therefore estimate that the form of the formation mutually of this coating (phase constituting) must be to be changed to the surface by interior.Be to detect the formation mutually of coating, use by in 0.3-2.0 * 10
-3The coating that fixed nitrogen branch in the torr scope is pressed into carries out X-ray diffraction analysis (used condition except that nitrogen partial pressure all identical with above-mentioned test).Analytical results sees Table 1.
Table 1
| Sample | Nitrogen partial pressure | Coating is formed | The hardness of coating section |
| ?A | ?2.0×10 -3Torr | CrN，Cr 2N | ?Hv?1895 |
| ?B | ?1.5×10 -3Torr | CrN，Cr 2N | ?Hv?1832 |
| ?C | ?1.0×10 -3Torr | Cr 2N | ?Hv?1722 |
| ?D | ?0.7×10 -3Torr | Cr，Cr 2N | ?Hv?1507 |
| ?E | ?0.3×10 -3Torr | Cr | ?Hv?1291 |
Coating of the present invention forms under the following conditions: nitrogen partial pressure is 2 * 10 when wherein beginning
-3Torr reduces then gradually, and the vapor deposited layer that comprises chromium nitride and chromium forms on the vapor deposited layer that only contains chromium nitride, forms simple chromium layer more thereon.Reached a conclusion by this table: chromium concn is increased continuously by inside to the surface of this coating.This analyzes consistent with the linear analysis result of above-mentioned X-ray microanalyzer.(4) hardness analysis of coating section
The Hardness Distribution of the section of coating of the present invention is seen Fig. 5.The hardness of A to the E section of coating in the above-described embodiments sees Table 1.Through identifying, this hardness is reduced gradually by base material to upper layer, also identifies, and the hardness of coating reduces and coating deliquescing gradually to the surface continuously from interior because this hardness roughly the hardness with the sample A to E shown in the table 1 is consistent.(5) wearing test
Make lubricant and (have 25kgf/cm with the sulfuric acid of pH2.5 according to JIS with the FC-25 material
3The pig iron of tensile strength) cylinder of doing cooperation carries out wearing test under following condition: load 2kg, friction velocity is 0.2m/ second, use shank nails drum equipment (pin drum apparatus), wherein will in above-mentioned X-ray diffraction analysis, be used as peg by used sample.About simultaneous test, carry out same test with peg with hard plating.Test-results is seen Fig. 4.
Be understandable that if compare with solid chromium, coating of the present invention has good wear resistance in the zone of leaving coating surface.And, compare with C with sample A, when nitrogen partial pressure during, can conclude that wearing and tearing become big certainly, and the abrasion loss of the cylinder that cooperates diminishes as the situation step-down of sample E.For sample A and C, wearing and tearing become less certainly, but compare with E, and the wearing and tearing of cylinder are bigger.Therefore, if the present invention is used for piston ring and other sliding part, can think that coating forms, wherein, the material that cooperates is without prejudice, and after aging, lessly kept wear resistance from the A of wearing and tearing and the coating of C owing to have, but when its composition of formation be not to gradually change but during the coating that suddenlys change (for example the E layer forms on the A layer suddenly), the hardness variation becomes big, and the wearing and tearing of this mating parts increase.
In the coating of the present invention that comprises chromium and nitrogen that the slip substrate surface of sliding part or assembly is made, the concentration of chromium is increased along vertical direction gradually by this substrate surface, and the surface of this coating is made by chromium.Like this, the material of cooperation just can not be worn, owing to the hard nitride inside this coating makes this coating itself have good wear resistance.When the sliding part that is used for the high motor performance of needs for example during piston ring, can obtain to have excellent abrasive resistance and good initial adaptive coating.
Claims (2)
1. scuff-resistant coating that contains chromium and nitrogen that forms on the surface of the base material of parts slidably, it is characterized in that at the described cladding portion that contacts with the surface of described base material be chromium nitride, and in the described coating chromium content with the direction of the Surface Vertical of described base material on increase continuously by the surface of described substrate surface to described coating, wherein the described chromium nitride that contacts with the surface of described base material is present in the segment thickness of described coating with constant chromium content.
2. according to the scuff-resistant coating of claim 1, it also comprises the middle layer, it is characterized in that the described middle layer part that contacts with the surface of described base material is a chromium, nonnitrogenous, and the nitrogen content in the described middle layer with the direction of the Surface Vertical of described base material on have the chromium nitride layer that gradient forms and increase continuously to described by described chromium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01122319 CN1428461A (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Wear-proof chromium nitride cladding material with gradient composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01122319 CN1428461A (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Wear-proof chromium nitride cladding material with gradient composition |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94113832.1A Division CN1191387C (en) | 1994-10-27 | 1994-11-10 | Coating of chromium and nitrogen having good wear resistance properties |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1428461A true CN1428461A (en) | 2003-07-09 |
Family
ID=4664700
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01122319 Pending CN1428461A (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2001-06-26 | Wear-proof chromium nitride cladding material with gradient composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1428461A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112626470A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中建材蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon self-doped and gradient-concentration CN thin film |
-
2001
- 2001-06-26 CN CN 01122319 patent/CN1428461A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112626470A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-09 | 中建材蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon self-doped and gradient-concentration CN thin film |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1191387C (en) | Coating of chromium and nitrogen having good wear resistance properties | |
| Stewart et al. | Rolling contact fatigue of surface coatings—a review | |
| US6331332B1 (en) | Process for depositing diamond-like carbon films by cathodic arc evaporation | |
| US8202615B2 (en) | Nitrogen-containing amorphous carbon-type film, amorphous carbon-type lamination film, and sliding member | |
| KR100867912B1 (en) | Piston ring, piston, cylinder and piston pin having amorphous and hard carbon film | |
| Ferreira et al. | Influence of morphology and microstructure on the tribological behavior of arc deposited CrN coatings for the automotive industry | |
| EP1154035A1 (en) | Amorphous carbon film containing oxide | |
| US7368168B2 (en) | Low-friction sliding member | |
| US20130136861A1 (en) | Method for coating at least the inner face of a piston ring and piston ring | |
| US20200217416A1 (en) | Sliding member and coating film | |
| Özkan et al. | Tribological behavior of TiAlN, AlTiN, and AlCrN coatings at boundary lubricating condition | |
| Haque et al. | Tribological performance evaluation of a hydrogenated diamond-like carbon coating in sliding/rolling contact–effect of lubricant additives | |
| EP1599611A1 (en) | Surface modified precipitation hardened stainless steel | |
| Sert et al. | Wear behavior of different surface treated cam spindles | |
| GB2303640A (en) | Sliding member with film containing chromium and chromium nitride | |
| JP2968907B2 (en) | Wear resistant coating | |
| US5672386A (en) | Process for forming a coating of chromium and nitrogen having good wear resistance properties | |
| CN1428461A (en) | Wear-proof chromium nitride cladding material with gradient composition | |
| JP2889116B2 (en) | Amorphous hard carbon film and method for producing the same | |
| Kasprzycka et al. | Properties of tool steel after hybrid treatment connecting diffusion chromizing with the PVD method | |
| Silva et al. | Performance of W–TI-(N) coated pins in lubricated pin-on-disk tests | |
| CN117062936A (en) | Sliding member, method for producing same, and coating film | |
| JP2003014121A (en) | Piston ring | |
| KR100326686B1 (en) | How to Form Wear-Resistant and Chromium-Nitrogen Coatings | |
| US11434976B2 (en) | Layer of hard material on a metal substrate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |