CN1426018A - Frequency modulation Internet access method for copying images on multiple position imaging depth equipment - Google Patents
Frequency modulation Internet access method for copying images on multiple position imaging depth equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of frequency modulating Internet access method for copying image on multiple position imaging depth equipment. On the basis of error diffusion frequency modulating Internet access, multiple threshold error diffusion technology is utilized to perform diffusion of different parameters for images of different layers and required image output data of the multiple position imaging depth equipment are outupt directly through combination to random disturbance. The said method can improve image quality greatly, make image layers transit smootly, make netted point distribution of different layers more homogeneous and high brightness part ever fine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of image hard copy and duplicate the site generation method in field, be specifically related to a kind of net hanging method that on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth, carries out copying image.
Background technology
The linked network plate-making technology that relates generally to printer and high-grade plate making equipment is duplicated in the hard copy of image.Be used for the screening technology that the image hard copy duplicates and be called the digital picture halftone technique again.The digital picture halftone technique can be divided into two classes, is respectively amplitude modulation screening and frequency-modulation screening.Amplitude modulation screening is called convergence point ordered dithering technology again, the stain that it is characterized in that the half tone image that generated is adjacent to condense together on the geometric position in twos, thereby formed the pigmented section of cluster cluster, these pigmented section site that is otherwise known as, because convergence point ordered dithering technology adopts the network point Method for Area to reproduce the original image gray scale, thereby is called as the amplitude modulation site.
Opposite with amplitude modulation screening, the frequency modulation half tone image is avoided the gathering of stain on the geometric position as far as possible in the process of its generation.It realizes the gray-scale rendition of original image by the number of stain in the control unit area.Because being the form with non-gathering, the stain in the frequency modulation half tone image distributes, therefore to different original copy gray levels, will be corresponding to the mean distance between the different stain, angle from Digital Image Processing, the frequency that promptly is image changes, the origin of the noun of Here it is frequency-modulation screening.In the process that generates the frequency modulation half tone image, because stain is being distributed on the image of isolating, so for the fixing original image zone of gray scale, the distribution of stain must guarantee very even, that is the distance between each stain and its neighbour's stain must very approaching foregoing mean distance, so just can avoid harmful texture that may occur.
In traditional frequency-modulation screening method, error diffusion method is the most frequently used method.Document " Dithering with blue noise ", (Robert A.Ulichney, Proceddings of The IEEE, V0l.76, No.1, January 1988, pp56-79) disclose a kind of error diffusion method, and its principle can be explained with accompanying drawing 1.In the processing procedure of error diffusion algorithm, pixel g (the m of original image, n) sequentially handled line by line, in the process of handling, each pixel carries out threshold operation (quantizer Quantizer) with a fixing threshold value, the result of computing be converted into half tone image corresponding pixel b (m, n).Meanwhile, with this as a result pixel b (m, n) and asked the pixel g of threshold value (m n) compares, and (m n) diffuses on the not processed pixel around the pre-treatment pixel with a diffusion filter (Error filter) with the difference e of relatively trying to achieve.In processing subsequently, the pixel value of being asked threshold value be original copy pixel g (m, n) and be flooded to error on this pixel and.Below, we introduce the calculating process of disclosed error diffusion method in the above-mentioned document.Algorithm 1: the citation form of error diffusion:
The wide height of supposing the original image N that treats linked network is w, h, and this algorithm is converted into this image the frequency modulation shadow tone binary map B of same size.
For (i=0; I＜h; I++) For (j=0; J＜w; J++) { the former pictorial data of lining by line scan is got (i, the image pixel value of j) locating: p=Nij; If (p＞127) Bij=255; Else Bij=0; Calculate the error of input brightness with respect to output brightness: Err=Nij-Bij; This error (Err) be multiply by the coefficient of diffusion filter respectively, then respectively with the original copy＜br/ of relevant position the image pixel addition, and the result replaced the corresponding pixel value of original image; }
Be to use fixing diffusion parameter in actual use, for example, the normal parameter of using is:
d1＝1 d2＝2 d3＝5 d4＝4 d5＝8
Modulating net image quality according to above-mentioned algorithm realization, test by reality, obtain accompanying drawing 2, in the distribution of the regional site of shallow accent, have the frequency modulation point of a large amount of regular distribution as can be seen from Figure 2, make that the site to occur at some level coarse, cause gradual change excessively bad, level is not fully withdrawn, and does not reach practical level.Therefore find out that this frequency modulation algorithm exists potential deficiency.
In addition, be not difficult to find out from above-mentioned algorithm, the level that the site of tradition modulating net can be reproduced has only the embodiment of two levels, both 255 (white points), 0 (stain), be directed on the equipment of an imaging depth, be feasible, but on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth, if still generate frequency-modulation halftone dot according to this algorithm, the one, can not embody the abundanter level effect that multi-position imaging depth device can show, the 2nd, because the change of the equipment image-forming mechanism of multi-position imaging depth finally also can change the regularity of distribution of a frequency-modulation halftone dot more or less, thereby influence output quality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at traditional error diffusion method in the second-rate defective of reality output frequency-modulation halftone dot, proposed a frequency-modulation screening method that is applicable to multi-position imaging depth device, thereby finally reached the effect that on multi-position imaging depth device, produces high-quality frequency-modulation halftone dot based on traditional error diffusion algorithm.
For reaching above purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of frequency-modulation screening method that carries out copying image on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth may further comprise the steps:
1) input original image, to the pixel g of original image (m n) carries out threshold operation, the result of computing be converted into the corresponding pixel b of half tone image (m, n);
Thresholding when carrying out the thresholding computing is not fixed, but sets in the image level span according to the characteristic of output device, promptly adopts the method for setting a plurality of threshold values to realize the linked network result of the multidigit degree of depth;
And, when carrying out computing, also to make random processing to the thresholding of setting, in each use threshold value, all add a random number;
2) with b (m, n) and asked threshold value pixel g (m n) compares, and try to achieve both differences be error e (m, n);
3) with error e (m n) diffuses on the not processed pixel around the pre-treatment pixel with a diffusion filter, the pixel value of promptly being asked threshold value be original copy pixel g (m, n) and be flooded to error on this pixel and;
With error when the diffusion of the pixel that closes on, the weight difference of the some diffusion of diverse location, and the distribution method of different error amounts diffusion weight is also different;
4) to the pixel g of original image (m according to the sequential processes of changing direction line by line, repeats above step when n) handling, up to all pixel g of original image (m, n) processed intact, form the half tone image of original image at last;
In order to have better effect, the setting of threshold value can be a five equilibrium not, and to use the scope of the random number number that is added in the threshold value can be [8 8] each.
Effect of the present invention is: by method of the present invention, can be at the modulating net image of supporting outputting high quality on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth, can effectively improve traditional modulating net the intrinsic systematicness site deficiency of arranging, improve the irreproducible image level of modulating net, make the image of equipment output can greatly satisfy the requirement of actual print digital sample printing qualitatively at color and level.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the disclosed error diffusion method principle schematic of documents;
Fig. 2 is modulating net site gradual change synoptic diagram of tradition;
Fig. 3 is the error diffusion filter schematic;
Fig. 4 is the modulating net of a bit depth and the modulating net comparison diagram of two bit depth;
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are 0 to 100% step-wedge linear gradient comparison diagrams, and wherein Fig. 5 is modulating net step-wedge gradual change synoptic diagram of tradition, and Fig. 6 is two modulating net step-wedge gradual change synoptic diagram after improving;
Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are 0 to 70% step-wedge linear gradient comparison diagrams, and wherein Fig. 7 is modulating net step-wedge gradual change synoptic diagram of tradition, and Fig. 8 is two modulating net step-wedge gradual change synoptic diagram after improving;
Fig. 9, Figure 10 are 0 to 50% step-wedge linear gradient comparison diagrams, and wherein Fig. 9 is modulating net step-wedge gradual change synoptic diagram of tradition, and Figure 10 is two modulating net step-wedge gradual change synoptic diagram after improving.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done to describe further: a kind of frequency-modulation screening method that carries out copying image on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth may further comprise the steps:
1) input original image, to the pixel g of original image (m n) carries out threshold operation, the result of computing be converted into the corresponding pixel b of half tone image (m, n);
Thresholding when carrying out the thresholding computing do not fix, and is five equilibrium not;
And, when carrying out computing, also to make random processing to the thresholding of setting, in each use threshold value, all add a random number, the scope of random number number is [8 8];
2) with b (m, n) and asked threshold value pixel g (m n) compares, and try to achieve both differences be error e (m, n);
3) with error e (m n) diffuses on the not processed pixel around the pre-treatment pixel with a diffusion filter, the pixel value of promptly being asked threshold value be original copy pixel g (m, n) and be flooded to error on this pixel and;
With error when the diffusion of the pixel that closes on, the weight difference of the some diffusion of diverse location, and the distribution method of different error amounts diffusion weight is also different;
4) to the pixel g of original image (m according to the sequential processes of changing direction line by line, repeats above step when n) handling, up to all pixel g of original image (m, n) processed intact, form the half tone image of original image at last;
The included step of this method can be referring to following algorithm:
2: two imaging modulating nets of algorithm algorithm:
The width of supposing the original image N that treats linked network is wxh, because what adopted here is two imagings, therefore the level that can reproduce at a frequency-modulation halftone dot have 2 n power individual, hierachy number at this should reach 4, that is: 0 (00), 1 (01), 2 (10), 3 (11), the data in the bracket are binary expressions, also can be described as the representation on the equipment.At the area dividing of above-mentioned level, for ease of explanation, suppose here panchromatic accent be divided into three gradient: 0-R1, R1-R2, and R2-255,, each regional thresholding is assumed to: M1, and M2, its corresponding relation of dividing in level of M3 should be:
0 --0(00)，R1 --1(01)，
R2--2 (10), 255--3 (11), in view of the above, we can do following improvement with a traditional modulating net algorithm.Thereby reach the characteristic of two frequency modulation imagings.
For (i=_0; I＜h; I++) For (j=0; J＜w; J++) { get (i, the image pixel value of j) locating: the p=Nij if (Bij=0 of p＜M1); Else if (the Bij=R1 of M1＜=p＜R1-1); Else if (the Bij=R1 of R1＜=p＜M2); Else if (the Bij=R2 of M2＜=p＜R2-1); Else if (the Bij=R2 of R2＜=p＜M3); Else if (M3＜=p＜=255) Bij=255; Calculate the error of input brightness with respect to output brightness: Err=Nij-Bij multiply by this error (Err) respectively the coefficient of the diffusion filter in the table 1, then respectively with relevant position＜br/ the addition of original image pixel, and the result replaced the corresponding pixel value of original image; }
Top method can be promoted just can realize multi-position imaging modulating net algorithm, but we find from practice, simple going is modified into two or multidigit modulating net with a modulating net, though satisfied the requirement of equipment, but because the deficiency that itself exists on the algorithm must not have great improvement to final net-point quality, we are by four kinds of following innovative approachs for this reason, originally improved on one's body from algorithm, make the idea of frequency modulation output obtain qualitative leap:
Innovative approach one: the not five equilibrium of field value set
The method of mentioning in the algorithm 2 of dividing equally whole level zone, because imaging device uses the printing ink of variable concentrations or volume usually, toner or other colour generation material embody different imaging depths, ratio between the different imaging depths may be uneven, therefore, therefore the setting of the FM threshold of multi-position imaging also can be arranged to uneven, both we were when dividing the level zone, can be according to the characteristic of output device, the panchromatic accent area dividing with 0 to 255 becomes not a plurality of zones of five equilibrium (the imaging bit depth that how much can be supported by equipment in zone is determined).
Innovative approach two: thresholding shake mechanism
Field value set in traditional error diffusion algorithm is that the mid point by the level zone decides, and normally constant, and we have adopted the method for threshold value random number disturbance at this, its method is, in each use threshold value, all add a random number, the scope of random number is [8 8].Its objective is by the effect of random number and remove the regular lines that occurs easily at some gray-level, make output image in all even irregular distribution in the site at all levels.This point can be by following algorithmic descriptions
Algorithm 3: based on thresholding shake and each different in nature error diffusion algorithm of error diffusion coefficient
For ease of explanation, we use the algorithm of a frequency modulation for the time being here, and this algorithm is easy to expand in two or the multidigit error diffusion algorithm.The wide height of supposing the original image N that treats linked network is w h, and this algorithm is converted into this image the frequency modulation shadow tone binary map B of same size.
For (i=0; I＜h; I++) For (j=0; J＜w; J++) { the former pictorial data of lining by line scan is got (i, the image pixel value of j) locating: p=Nij; If (p＞D[Rand (i, j)]) Bij=255; Else Bij=0; Calculate the error of input brightness with respect to output brightness: Err=Nij-Bii; This error (Err) be multiply by the coefficient of the diffusion filter among Fig. 3 respectively, then respectively with relevant position＜br/ the addition of original image pixel, and the result replaced the corresponding pixel value of original image; }
D[Rand wherein (i, j)] be according to the difference of the position of image pixel value and at random in the thresholding dither table, obtain a current thresholding at random.As for definite method of thresholding dither table D, can realize by following algorithm:
Algorithm 4: thresholding dither algorithm
At first we set up a thresholding table F of [8,8], and determining of this table list item can be done random alignment according to 16 values in front and back of level zone mid point and form.Specifically how to obtain final D table, realize by following algorithm by table F:
Set reference mark: P1, P2, P3,
Parameter: d1, d2, d3 are adjusted in the shake of each reference mark correspondence
(the concrete control of setting is counted and corresponding value is set according to actual test result)
Parameter is adjusted in the shake of corresponding each level: d
j
For (i=0; I＜256; I++) if (interpolation result of dj=(0--d1) of i＜P1)＜!--SIPO＜DP n=" 6 "〉--〉＜dp n=" d6 "/else it (the interpolation result else if of dj=(d1-d2) of P1＜i＜P2) (interpolation result of dj=(d2-d3) of P2＜i＜P3) }
With the d that obtains
jThe reconfiguring of [8,8] individual shake thresholding that formula below the value substitution obtains under the corresponding level shown D
for(j＝0；j＜32；j++)
D
Ij=((F
j-hierarchy domain mid point) X d
j)+hierarchy domain mid point.
Innovative approach three: each opposite sex of error diffusion coefficient
The setting of the error diffusion coefficient in algorithm 1 and the algorithm 2 is certain, the change with gray-level does not change, and we to propose each opposite sex of coefficient of diffusion here be exactly to refer to poor between input image pixels value and the threshold value, as error, will be to the pixel diffusion that closes on, in the pixel that closes on, the weight difference of the point of diverse location diffusion.And different error amounts, the distribution method difference of diffusion weight.Because the existence of each opposite sex, consider the efficient of actual linked network, so we just do not adopt the diffusion on 12 traditional directions yet, and adopt three diffusions on the direction, concrete dispersal direction is referring to the Fig. 2 in the accompanying drawing.
Innovative approach four: image pixel parity rows scan mechanism
So-called image pixel parity rows scan mechanism is meant on the processing sequence of input picture and has just adopted
Reverse interleaved method of carrying out, for example, first line data individual element point is from left to right handled, second line data is handled from right to left, the third line again from left to right, the rest may be inferred.Its effect is to offset because the systematicness on the error diffusion that horizontal sequential scanning pictorial data causes changes, and further eliminates the regular lines that some gray-levels occur easily.The specific implementation algorithm is as follows:
Algorithm 5: the error diffusion algorithm supposition based on visual parity rows scan mechanism treats that the wide height of the original image N of linked network is w h, and this algorithm is converted into this image the frequency modulation shadow tone binary map B of same size.
For (i=0; I＜h; I++) { if (i%2==0) { // even number line data processing For (j=0; J＜w; J++) { the former pictorial data of the every row of incremental scan is got (i, the image pixel value of j) locating: p=Nij; If (p＞127)＜!--SIPO＜DP n=" 7 "〉--〉＜dp n=" d7 "/Bij=255; Else Bij=0; Calculate the error of input brightness with respect to output brightness: Err=Nij-Bij; This error (Err) be multiply by the coefficient of the diffusion filter among Fig. 3 respectively, then respectively with the original image pixel addition of relevant position, and the result replaced the corresponding pixel value of original image; Else { odd-numbered line data processing For (j=w-1; J=0; J--) { the former pictorial data of the every row of scanning of successively decreasing is got (i, the image pixel value of j) locating: p=Nij; If (p＞127) Bij=255; Else Bij=0; Calculate the error of input brightness with respect to output brightness: Err=Nij-Bij; This error (Err) be multiply by the coefficient of the diffusion filter among Fig. 3 respectively, then respectively with the original image pixel addition of relevant position, and the result replaced the corresponding pixel value of original image;
Below all be to improve and improve the new modulating net algorithm that draws at the existing in prior technology deficiency.By above-mentioned improvement and optimized Algorithm, we have obtained meeting the effect of re-set target, following legend is the modulating net output effect that combines two bit depth of being done behind our all improvement algorithms, and we have adopted the legend of linear gradient figure linked network to illustrate, referring to accompanying drawing 4.The modulating net of two bit depth has produced perfect frequency-modulation halftone dot through the optimized Algorithm that we realize as can be seen from accompanying drawing 4, and this point can compare with accompanying drawing 2.
Shown in accompanying drawing 5-accompanying drawing 7, here we make an example, suppose the modulating net of only making two imaging depths, parameter is provided with as follows: 0 to 255 grade level zone is divided into three region R 1=85, and R2=171, then the level area dividing is as follows: 0-85 (Rangel), 85-171 (Range2), 171-255 (Range3) gets each regional mid point and shakes basic point as thresholding, and then each level zone dither table is as follows before the shake:
Suppose that the dither table size is [8,8]
F1＝{45，39，43，38，45，46，41，40，39，44，43，44，40，38，41，46}，
F2＝{126，125，130，129，124，132，127，125，131，130，127，126，129，132，124，131}，
F3＝{215，212，210，211，214，209，216，212，217，210，216，214，215，217，211，209}；
In the thresholding shake, we set four reference mark, and we get this level zone of 0-85 here, can make corresponding getting final product: P1=24 owing to divide equally other zones of characteristic, P2=48, and P3=54.P4=64, corresponding shake is adjusted parameter and is set to:
Interval Range1 shake coefficient (d) Range2 shake coefficient (d) Range3 shake coefficient (d)
(0，24) 0.438 1.0 0.438
(24，48) 3.8 3.8 3.8
(48，54) 0.438 1.0 0.438
(54，64) 3.8 3.8 3.8
By behind the top parameter setting we made the modulating net of tradition in the different levels zone and improve after the reference diagram of two modulating nets contrasts, can be referring to accompanying drawing 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7.
Claims (3)
1. frequency-modulation screening method that carries out copying image on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth may further comprise the steps:
1) input original image, to the pixel g of original image (m n) carries out threshold operation, the result of computing be converted into the corresponding pixel b of half tone image (m, n);
2) with b (m, n) and asked threshold value pixel g (m n) compares, and try to achieve both differences be error e (m, n);
3) with error e (m n) diffuses on the not processed pixel around the pre-treatment pixel with a diffusion filter, the pixel value of promptly being asked threshold value be original copy pixel g (m, n) and be flooded to error on this pixel and;
4) repeat above step, up to all pixel g of original image (m, n) processed intact, form the half tone image of original image at last;
It is characterized in that:
(1) thresholding is not fixed, but sets in the image level span according to the characteristic of output device, promptly adopts the method for setting a plurality of threshold values to realize the linked network result of the multidigit degree of depth;
(2) thresholding of setting is made random processing, in each use threshold value, all add a random number;
(3) with error when the diffusion of the pixel that closes on, the weight difference of the some diffusion of diverse location, and the distribution method of different error amounts diffusion weight is also different;
(4) (m according to the sequential processes of changing direction line by line, has promptly adopted forward and reverse staggered processing sequence of carrying out when n) handling at the pixel g to original image.
2. a kind of halftoning method that carries out copying image on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the setting of threshold value is a five equilibrium not.
3. a kind of halftoning method that carries out copying image on the equipment of multi-position imaging depth as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the scope of the random number number that is added in each use threshold value is [8 8].
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| CN103139440B (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2015-06-17 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Method and device for multi-bit-depth halftone amplitude modulation dot generating |
| CN102567971A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-07-11 | 上海理工大学 | Correction method for multiple error-diffusion half-tone |
| CN102567971B (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2013-12-18 | 上海理工大学 | Correction method for multiple error-diffusion half-tone |
| CN107948462A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 无锡祥生医疗科技股份有限公司 | Ultrasound image optimization method and system |
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