CN1423996A - ECG tester - Google Patents

ECG tester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1423996A
CN1423996A CN 02134939 CN02134939A CN1423996A CN 1423996 A CN1423996 A CN 1423996A CN 02134939 CN02134939 CN 02134939 CN 02134939 A CN02134939 A CN 02134939A CN 1423996 A CN1423996 A CN 1423996A
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China
Prior art keywords
heart yearn
lead
electrode
leads
signals
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CN 02134939
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CN1225224C (en
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尹炳生
李本富
喻德旷
农德斌
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Southern Medical University
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尹炳生
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Abstract

An electrocardiography is composed of a network board with relative circuit, amplifiers, A/D converter, computer, display, leading cable and electrodes. Said leading cable contains the conductors for transferring conventional cardioelectric signals and the conductors for transferring the cardioelectric signals of head and chest. Said electrodes are respectively used for the signals of limbs, chest, back, waist, abdomen, head and grounding. Said network board has conventional 12 terminals and additional 12 terminals for head and chest signals, which are respectively connected to relative conductors in cable and amplifiers. Its advantages is higher correctness.

Description

ECG tester
[invention field]
The present invention relates to a kind of electron medical treatment checkout gear, especially a kind of ECG tester.
[background of invention]
Existing ECG tester all is to design according to routine 12 lead electrocardiogram detection methods of standard a century, analog electrocardiogram figure instrument is arranged, form (as 6511 type electrocardiographs) by ecg amplifier, pen recorder,, lead cable and corresponding connection ground electrode thereof; The digitized electrocardiograph is arranged, form by ecg amplifier, sampling plate, micro computer, hot array recorder, lead cable and corresponding connection electrode and 1 ground electrode thereof.The latter divides for again by the portable electrocardiograph of the intelligent control of single-chip microcomputer with by the intelligent desk-top electrocardiograph two big classes of controlling of PC, often has other auxiliary device (as display, printer etc.).
Conventional 12 lead systems comprise limb lead (being standard lead I, II, III and augmented limb lead aVR, aVL, aVF) and chest lead V 1~V 6This method be at human body left hand, the right hand, left foot, respectively get a sampled point, get 6 sampled points at left chest, corresponding each sampled point of checkout gear is provided with a test electrode, i.e. nine test electrodes altogether.Therefore, the existing cable that leads all is to adopt the 10 cores cable that leads, and wherein a heart yearn is connected with a ground electrode, and all the other nine heart yearns and above-mentioned nine corresponding connections of test electrode.When the thought-read electrograph, near 6 sampled points that six test electrodes are corresponding and the left breast of human body is contact, all the other 3 test electrode L, R, F correspondence contact with left hand and right hand, 3 sampled points of left foot, and ground electrode contacts with right crus of diaphragm, so, obtain following 12 road electrocardiograms (data) according to " test value=[(positive input terminal is with respect to the potential difference values of ground electrode)-(negative input end is with respect to the potential difference values of ground electrode)] * amplification coefficient ":
I: with the left hand sampled point is positive input terminal, and right hand sampled point is a negative input end;
II: with the left foot sampled point is positive input terminal, and right hand sampled point is a negative input end;
III: with the left foot sampled point is positive input terminal, and the left hand sampled point is a negative input end;
AVR: with right hand sampled point is positive input terminal, and left hand, left foot sampled point are negative input end jointly;
AVL: with the left hand sampled point is positive input terminal, and the right hand, left foot sampled point are negative input end jointly;
AVF: with the left foot sampled point is positive input terminal, and the right hand, left hand sampled point are negative input end jointly;
V 1~V 6: 6 sampled points of chest positive input terminal of respectively doing for oneself, the right hand, left hand, 3 sampled points of left foot are negative input end jointly.
Above-mentioned 12 road electrocardiograms become one group of waveform (data), medically promptly are according to these Electrocardiographic waveforms and standard cardioelectric figure waveform relatively, and these electrocardiographic waves itself compare each other, come human body is done diagnosis.
Above-mentioned negative input end is called as reference potential with respect to the potential difference values of ground electrode, and obviously it is to the one-tenth figure important influence of electrocardiographic wave.Because above-mentioned 12 road electrocardiograms are when becoming figure, its reference potential value disunity, therefore, when the reference potential value is different, the influence that each lead electrocardiogram waveform is formed positive wave and negative wave also has nothing in common with each other, therefore, the true looks that more often are difficult to reflect objective fact between this 12 road electrocardiographic wave.
In view of above-mentioned reference is to differ, cause the reference potential disunity, and then cause formed each Electrocardiographic waveform to lose unified basis relatively, the applicant once proposed the notion of head chest lead system.12 road electrocardiograms of every cover head chest lead have 13 sampling positions (promptly getting breast, the back of the body, waist, 12 sampled points of abdominal part and 1 sampled point of the right front volume of head each time).When the head chest lead system realizes that record is led in the left side, its corresponding transmission HV 1~HV 6, CL 2, CL 4, CL 6, HR 3, HO, HL 3Signal, when realizing that record is led on the right side, then corresponding transmission HV 3R~HV 8R, HV 7~HV 9, AR 3, HR 7, AL 3Signal, and to get the right front volume sampled point of head jointly be that reference is to come recording ecg, meet modern experiment and learn " reference is a uniqueness " principle, can solve above-mentioned reference is the problem that disunity brings, but this notion does not still have specific embodiment, does not study as yet both at home and abroad and adopts this ECG tester that leads.
Secondly, conventional 12 another drawbacks of leading are, the field strength distribution of its each negative input end (being made up of with multi-form the right hand, left hand, left foot) cardioelectric field shows, left foot place electromotive force is very high, the also polarization of left hand electromotive force causes that the value of the reference potential that majority leads is often bigger than normal (to comprise I, III, aVR, aVL, aVF and V 1~V 6, V 3R~V 8R), the one-tenth figure to electrocardiographic wave has a significant impact like this.If because positive input terminal with respect to the difference of the potential difference values of ground electrode and reference potential on the occasion of, one-tenth figure promptly is reflected as positive wave, if this difference negative value, one-tenth figure promptly is reflected as negative wave.In order to reflect the objective reality situation of positive input terminal signal as far as possible, promptly truly reflect the waveform of positive input terminal with respect to the potential difference values formation of ground electrode, just should make the size of reference potential the smaller the better with variation.
Moreover each reference point and earth point are far apart, and electrical activity between the two is difficult to harmonious, also are unfavorable for the correct expression of positive input terminal signal.
There is above-mentioned drawback just because of the conventional leads system always, therefore, though clinical electrocardiography experiences century-old several generations's research, but even to this day, it still is in experience subject level, still can't solve the following many disadvantages of bringing because of above-mentioned drawback, promptly blind area, right ventricle, difficulty are distinguished P ripple, false change, the location is inaccurate and standard is floated.Just because of this, the electrocardiogram that records of all clinical electrocardiographs has only 60~70% to the correct diagnosis of myocardial infarction both at home and abroad, to the loose diagnosis in right ventricle and clinical coincidence rate only about 30%.
[summary of the invention]
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ECG tester that can effectively improve the correct diagnosis of electrocardiogram.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: this ECG tester comprises network board at least, amplifier, analog-digital converter, computer, display, cable and electrode lead, be laid with the analog signal transmission circuit on this network board and divide line circuit, and for leading cable, some connectivity ports that amplifier and network board electrically connect, wherein, this cable that leads comprises conventional leads heart yearn that transmits one group of conventional leads ECG signal and the head chest lead heart yearn that transmits the head chest lead ECG signal, and described conventional leads heart yearn comprises 3 limbs signal (R, L, F) heart yearn, 6 chest lead signals (V 1~V 6Or V 3R~V 8R) heart yearn and a ground signalling (N) heart yearn; Described head chest lead heart yearn comprises 12 breasts, the back of the body, waist, abdomen lead signals heart yearn, lead signals (H) heart yearn and a ground signalling (N) heart yearn.And described electrode includes limbs, breast, the back of the body, waist, abdomen, a lead signals electrode and ground signalling electrode, is connected to separately on the corresponding heart yearn.On network board, be provided with connectivity port of exporting and the connectivity port of exporting for 12 road ECG signal of head chest lead for 12 road ECG signal of conventional leads, amplifier is divided into two groups in conventional leads amplifier and head chest lead amplifier, is electrically connected at separately on the connectivity port of corresponding signal output of network board.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: use the present invention to have an electro-cardiogram when detecting, conventional 12 lead electrocardiogram and cephalothorax 12 lead electrocardiogram can be provided synchronously, and the ECG data amount when making electrocardiographic diagnosis increases at double, and because the reference system one of head chest lead, the change of reference potential value is very little, so the electrocardiogram that obtains more can reflect the truth of electrocardio-activity than the electrocardiogram that existing ECG tester obtained, overcome the five big defectives such as blind area, right ventricle that conventional leads exists to a great extent, thereby improved Electrocardiographic correct diagnosis effectively.
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of network board of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the present invention's cable and electrode three-dimensional view after connecting that leads.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map that electrode tag mark of the present invention, electrode grouping, electrode shape and electrode are connected with cable, among the figure * expression strap clamp electrode, represents pellet electrode, the ball electrode is inhaled in zero expression.
[specific embodiment]
See also Fig. 1, ECG tester of the present invention comprises network board 1, amplifier 2, analog-digital commutator 3 at least, main frame 4, display 5, lead cable 6 and electrode 7 (referring to Fig. 3), and other auxiliary facilities 8 (as printer etc.).
Please consult Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 simultaneously, be laid with the analog signal transmission circuit on this network board 1 and divide line circuit (not shown), and the some connectivity ports 11,12,13 that electrically connect for lead cable 6, amplifier 2 and network board 1, wherein, connectivity port 11 is used for 12 road conventional leads ECG signal outputs of described conventional leads, connectivity port 12 is for the 12 trace header precordial lead electrocardiogram signals output usefulness of head chest lead, and connectivity port 13 is used for the signal input of cable 6 transmission of leading.Amplifier 2 is divided into two groups in conventional leads amplifier and head chest lead amplifier, and every group is 12 preamplifiers, is electrically connected at the connectivity port 11,12 of the corresponding signal output on the network board 1 separately, is used for amplifying corresponding separately electrocardiosignal.Wherein, this cable that leads comprises conventional leads heart yearn that transmits one group of conventional leads ECG signal and the head chest lead heart yearn that transmits the head chest lead ECG signal, and described conventional leads heart yearn comprises 3 limbs signals (R, L, F) heart yearn, 6 chest lead signals (V 1~V 6Or V 3R~V 8R) heart yearn and a ground signalling (N) heart yearn, described head chest lead heart yearn comprises 12 breasts, the back of the body, waist, abdomen lead signals heart yearn, lead signals (H) heart yearn and a ground signalling (N) heart yearn.When the head chest lead system realizes that record is led in the left side, its 12 breasts, the back of the body, waist, abdomens corresponding transmission of heart yearn HV that leads 1~HV 6, CL 2, CL 4, CL 6, HR 3, HO, HL 3Signal; When realizing that record is led on the right side, then corresponding transmission HV 3R~HV 8R, HV 7~HV 9, AR 3, HR 7, AL 3Signal.
See also Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, electrode 7 can be the strap clamp electrode *, can be pellet electrode, also can be to inhale ball electrode zero and disk spacing electrode difform electrodes such as (being tip electrode and ground electrode).These electrodes 7 include limbs, breast, the back of the body, waist, abdomen, a lead signals electrode and ground signalling electrode, and are connected to separately on the corresponding heart yearn.
Among the present invention, the cable that leads always has 17 heart yearns, and the part heart yearn both had been used for transmitting the conventional leads ECG signal in these heart yearns, transmitted the head chest lead ECG signal again.Wherein: 1 heart yearn had both been realized ground signalling (N) transmission of conventional leads, realized ground signalling (N) transmission in the head chest lead heart yearn again; 6 heart yearns are that the corresponding merging of 6 chest lead heart yearns of leading in the heart yearn of 6 chest lead heart yearns and 12 breasts, the back of the body, abdomen, the waists in the head chest lead heart yearn in the conventional leads heart yearn is shared, and 12 chest lead heart yearns that being about to two kinds of lead system Central Plains should have are merged into 6 heart yearns.Particularly, chest lead signals (V in the both corresponding realization conventional leads of these 6 heart yearns 1~V 6Or V 3R~V 8R) transmission, realize chest lead signals (HV in the head chest lead again 1~HV 6Or HV 3R~HV 8R) transmission; 3 limbs signals (R, L, F) in the corresponding respectively transmission conventional leads of all the other 10 heart yearns, six breasts of remainder, the back of the body, waist, abdomen lead signals and the stature lead signals in the head chest lead.
In the above-mentioned electrode, its lead signals electrode and ground signalling electrode are fixed on the insulant base plate, and the two is at a distance of 10mm, and a lead signals (H) heart yearn twists together with ground signalling (N) heart yearn and becomes one twin-core double shield line.
When using the present invention to have an electro-cardiogram test,, and make the whole Electrocardiographic reference system that is done obtain unified because Electrocardiographic all signals of head chest lead all are to be reference system with a signal.Simultaneously, because the distance of tip electrode and ground electrode is very little, the potential difference values of the two is very little, and be positioned at the electric relatively quiescent region of cardioelectric field, so the head chest lead electrocardiogram that obtains more can reflect truth than the electrocardiogram that existing routine electrocardiogram checkout gear is obtained, thereby effectively improves Electrocardiographic correct diagnosis.
One of characteristics of the present invention are both to have done the Electrocardiographic synchronous contrast test (being the autosyndetic pairing test) that two kinds of conventional leads and head chest leads lead simultaneously, also can do the electrocardiogram test and the electrocardiogram test of doing head chest lead separately of conventional leads separately.
Please continue with reference to Fig. 4, the present invention does conventional leads and two kinds of Electrocardiographic synchronous contrast tests that lead of head chest lead at the same time and carries out electrocardiogram when detecting, if realize the left side record that leads, its electrode symbol, colour coding and body surface sampling point position are as shown in the table:
Crosslinking electrode The electrode tag mark Colour coding Position at body surface
Limbs ????R ????L ????F Reddish yellow is green A wrist left side, right wrist left side ankle
Left side chest (pressing the inferior method of Weir) ??(HV 1)V 1??(HV 2)V 2??(HV 3)V 3??(HV 4)V 4??(HV 5)V 5??(HV 6)V 6 The green dark brown purple of reddish yellow Right border of sternum and the 4th intercostal intersection point left border of sternum and the 4th intercostal intersection point V 2And V 4Left mid-clavicular line and the 5th intercostal intersection point left anterior axillary line and V on middle the 5th rib 4Horizontal plane intersection point left side midaxillary line and V 4The horizontal plane intersection point
Upper left wall Behind the front side ????CL 2????CL 4????CL 6????HR 3????HO ????HL 3 Pink orange light green white lime orchid On left mid-clavicular line and the 3rd intercostal intersection point midaxillary line and the 3rd intercostal horizontal plane intersection point omoplate point line and the 3rd right anterior axillary line of intercostal horizontal plane intersection point and the navel along on plane point of intersection anterior median line and the navel along on plane point of intersection left anterior axillary line and the navel along plane point of intersection
Diaphragmatic surface Right HR 3Preceding HO left side HL 3
Tip electrode ????H Black The ground electrode outside is at a distance of 10mm
Ground electrode ????N Black Right front volume
When realizing that record is led on the right side, electrode symbol, colour coding and body surface sampling point position are as shown in the table:
Crosslinking electrode The electrode tag mark Colour coding Position at body surface
Limbs ????R ????L ????F Reddish yellow is green A wrist left side, right wrist left side ankle
Right chest (pressing the inferior method of Weir) ??(HV 3R)V 3R??(HV 4R)V 4R??(HV 5R)V 5R??(HV 6R)V 6R??(HV 7R)V 7R??(HV 8R)V 8R The green dark brown purple of reddish yellow ????V 1And V 4RRight anterior axillary line of right midclavicular line and the 5th intercostal intersection point and V on middle the 5th rib 4RRight midaxillary line of horizontal plane intersection point and V 4RRight posterior axillary line of horizontal plane intersection point and V 4RRight omoplate point line of horizontal plane intersection point and V 4RThe horizontal plane intersection point
The positive rear wall in a left side ????HV 7????HV 8????HV 9????AR 3????HR 7????AL 3 Pink orange light green white lime orchid Left side posterior axillary line and V 4Horizontal plane intersection point left side omoplate point line and V 4Horizontal plane intersection point left paravertebral line and V 4Horizontal intersection point between the right omoplate point line of horizontal plane intersection point and horizontal plane intersection point left anterior axillary line, umbilicus upper edge and first rib between right anterior axillary line of horizontal plane intersection point and first rib
Right heart position AR 3Right back every face HR 7Left side heart position AL 3
Tip electrode ????H Black The ground electrode outside is at a distance of 10mm
Ground electrode ????N Black Right front volume
In the present embodiment, the proximal part of the described cable that leads partly is one 17 core double shield transmission cable, its 17 heart yearns are by a cable center's jointing 9 with three linkage interfaces 91,92,93, the distal end of the described cable that leads partly is 17 strands of single core shielding transmission electric wires, and it is divided into three groups and connects corresponding electrode separately.Wherein transmit R, HR 3(AR 3), HO (HR 7), HL 3(AL 3), the heart yearn and the respective electrode of a H, ground connection n-signal be connected to first interface 91.Transmission HV 1~HV 6(V 1~V 6), HV 3R~HV 8R(V 3R~V 8R) single-core shielding line and the respective electrode of signal be connected to second contact surface 92.Transmission L, F, CL 2(HV 7), CL 4(HV 8), CL 6(HV 9) single-core shielding line and the respective electrode of signal be connected to the 3rd interface 93.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of ECG tester, comprise network board, amplifier, analog-digital converter, computer, display, cable and electrode lead, be laid with the analog signal transmission circuit on this network board and divide line circuit, and for some connectivity ports that the cable that leads, amplifier and network board electrically connect, it is characterized in that: this cable that leads comprises conventional leads heart yearn that transmits one group of conventional leads ECG signal and the head chest lead heart yearn that transmits the head chest lead ECG signal.Described conventional leads heart yearn comprises 3 limbs signals (R, L, F) heart yearn, 6 chest lead signals (V 1~V 6Or V 3R~V 8R) heart yearn and a ground signalling (N) heart yearn, described head chest lead heart yearn comprises 12 breasts, the back of the body, waist, abdomen lead signals heart yearn, lead signals (H) heart yearn and a ground signalling (N) heart yearn, described electrode includes limbs signal electrode, breast, the back of the body, waist, abdomen lead signals electrode, a lead signals electrode and ground signalling electrode, and is connected to separately on the corresponding heart yearn.On network board, be provided with the connectivity port that connects for the cable that leads, for the connectivity port of 12 road conventional leads ECG signal outputs of described conventional leads and for the connectivity port of the 12 trace header precordial lead electrocardiogram signals output of head chest lead.And amplifier is divided into two groups in conventional leads amplifier and head chest lead amplifier, is electrically connected at the connectivity port of the corresponding signal output on the network board separately.
2, ECG tester according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when described head chest lead system realizes that record is led in the left side, and its 12 breasts, the back of the body, waist, abdomens corresponding transmission of heart yearn HV that leads 1~HV 6, CL 2, CL 4, CL 6, HR 3, HO, HL 3Signal, when realizing that record is led on the right side, then corresponding transmission HV 3R~HV 8R, HV 7~HV 9, AR 3, HR 7, AL 3Signal.
3, ECG tester according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the part heart yearn both had been used for transmitting the conventional leads ECG signal in the described heart yearn, transmitted the head chest lead ECG signal again.
4, ECG tester according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: lead 6 heart yearns of heart yearn of 12 breasts, the back of the body, abdomen, waists are corresponding shared in 6 chest lead heart yearns in the described conventional leads and the head chest lead, and 12 heart yearns that lead that being about to two kinds of lead system Central Plains should have are merged into 6 heart yearns.
5, according to claim 3 or 4 described ECG testers, it is characterized in that: ground signalling (N) heart yearn in the described conventional leads heart yearn and ground signalling (N) heart yearn in the head chest lead heart yearn are same heart yearn.
6, according to the described ECG tester of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the described cable that leads always has 17 heart yearns, wherein, 1 heart yearn had both been realized ground signalling (N) transmission of conventional leads, realized ground signalling (N) transmission in the head chest lead heart yearn again; 6 heart yearns are that the 6 corresponding merging of leading in the heart yearn of 6 chest lead heart yearns and 12 breasts, the back of the body, abdomen, the waists in the head chest lead heart yearn in the conventional leads heart yearn are shared, and particularly, these 6 heart yearns be both corresponding realizes chest lead signals (V in the conventional leads 1~V 6Or V 3R~V 8R) transmission, realize chest lead signals (HV in the head chest lead again 1~HV 6Or HV 3R~HV 8R) transmission; 3 limbs signals (R, L, F) in the corresponding respectively transmission conventional leads of all the other 10 heart yearns, six breasts of remainder, the back of the body, waist, the abdomen lead signals (CL in the head chest lead 2, CL 4, CL 6, HR 3, HO, HL 3Or HV 7~HV 9, AR 3, HR 7, AL 3) and a stature lead signals (H).
7, according to the described ECG tester of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the ground signalling of described head chest lead (N) ground electrode that heart yearn connected and a lead signals (H) electrode are at a distance of 3~30mm.
8, ECG tester according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described lead signals (H) heart yearn twists together with ground signalling (N) heart yearn and becomes one, and promptly two signals are transmitted respectively by one twin-core double shield line.
9, ECG tester according to claim 8 is characterized in that: a lead signals electrode of described head chest lead and ground signalling electrode are fixed on the insulant base plate, and the two is at a distance of 10mm.
10, according to claim 7 or 8 described ECG testers, it is characterized in that: the proximal part of the described cable that leads partly is one 17 core double shield transmission cable, its 17 heart yearns are by a cable center's jointing with three linkage interfaces, the distal end of the described cable that leads partly is 17 strands of single core shielding transmission electric wires, it is divided into three groups and connects corresponding electrode separately, wherein transmits R, HR 3(AR 3), HO (HR 7), HL 3(AL 3), the heart yearn and the respective electrode of a H, ground connection n-signal be connected to first interface, transmission HV 1~HV 6(V 1~V 6), HV 3R~HV 8R(V 3R~V 8R) single-core shielding line and the respective electrode of signal be connected to second contact surface, transmission L, F, CL 2(HV 7), CL 4(HV 8), CL 6(HV 9) single-core shielding line and the respective electrode of signal be connected to the 3rd interface.
CN 02134939 2002-10-15 2002-10-15 ECG tester Expired - Fee Related CN1225224C (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102883653A (en) * 2010-03-22 2013-01-16 莱斯特大学 Method and apparatus for evaluating cardiac function
CN105726014A (en) * 2016-01-30 2016-07-06 上海大学 Portable seven-lead intelligent electrocardiosignal acquisition device
CN107485392A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-19 山东正心医疗科技有限公司 A kind of usual method of SMD electrocardiogram equipment
CN110115578A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-08-13 维灵(杭州)信息技术有限公司 A kind of three electrode of compatibility and two electrode detection lead electrocardiosignal methods and detector

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102883653A (en) * 2010-03-22 2013-01-16 莱斯特大学 Method and apparatus for evaluating cardiac function
CN102883653B (en) * 2010-03-22 2015-12-09 莱斯特大学 For the method and apparatus of assess cardiac function
CN105726014A (en) * 2016-01-30 2016-07-06 上海大学 Portable seven-lead intelligent electrocardiosignal acquisition device
CN107485392A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-19 山东正心医疗科技有限公司 A kind of usual method of SMD electrocardiogram equipment
CN110115578A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-08-13 维灵(杭州)信息技术有限公司 A kind of three electrode of compatibility and two electrode detection lead electrocardiosignal methods and detector

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