CN1423102A - 强化传热的吸附再生器 - Google Patents

强化传热的吸附再生器 Download PDF

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CN1423102A
CN1423102A CN02149764A CN02149764A CN1423102A CN 1423102 A CN1423102 A CN 1423102A CN 02149764 A CN02149764 A CN 02149764A CN 02149764 A CN02149764 A CN 02149764A CN 1423102 A CN1423102 A CN 1423102A
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heat transfer
pipe
fin
adsorbent
absorption
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CN1176340C (zh
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方利国
朱冬生
李军
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B35/00Boiler-absorbers, i.e. boilers usable for absorption or adsorption
    • F25B35/04Boiler-absorbers, i.e. boilers usable for absorption or adsorption using a solid as sorbent
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62Absorption based systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及化工吸附制冷、太阳能蓄热及需要大热量传递的气固反应技术领域,更准确地是强化传热的吸附再生器,其特点是在无缝管中心安装一多孔小管,在小管与无缝管之间安装径向翅片和纵向翅片,在无缝管内径向翅片和纵向翅片隔出的空间填充吸附剂;本发明焊接点及密封连接点少,采用无缝钢管、铜管或铝管,管内利用特殊的结构,加装径向及纵向翅片,加工及安装方便,强化传热效果显著,而吸附性能不受丝毫影响,密封容易。

Description

强化传热的吸附再生器
技术领域
本发明涉及化工吸附制冷、太阳能蓄热及需要大热量传递的气固反应技术领域,更准确地是强化传热的吸附再生器。
背景技术
吸附制冷是一种较有前途的环保型制冷方法,它无压缩器,不产生温室效应气体,也不破坏大气臭氧层,因此得到广泛重视。但由于吸附剂导热系数较小,系统传热困难,即使有了吸附性能较好的吸附工质对,如果传热问题不解决,其制冷功率仍然很小(制冷循环周期长)。由于系统要求保持绝对的密封状态,现有的吸附再生器一般采用常规的列管式换热器、或简单的套管换热器。简单的套管换热器虽然系统较易密封,但传热效果差,制冷周期长。列管式存在问题吸附剂添装较困难,系统焊点或密封点多,造成系统密封困难。将常规的列管式换热器或简单的套管换热器作为吸附/再生虽说能提高传热效果,但设备的加工、吸附剂的安装、系统密封的维护都有一定困难。如简单的安放翅片,则翅片和吸附器壁面会有较大的接触热阻,如想采用焊接,在直径小于300mm的管道内很难焊接。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术存在的问题,提供一种强化传热的吸附再生器,其焊接点及密封连接点少,采用无缝钢管、铜管或铝管,管内利用特殊的结构,加装径向及纵向翅片,加工及安装方便,强化传热效果显著,而吸附性能不受丝毫影响,密封容易。
本发明的强化传热的吸附再生器是在无缝管中心安装一多孔小管,在小管与无缝管之间安装径向翅片和纵向翅片,在无缝管内径向翅片和纵向翅片隔出的空间填充吸附剂。
为了减少了金属用量,将有效的能量用于吸附剂的再生和吸附,大大强化了传热速度,所述径向翅片厚度从小管至无缝管由薄渐厚。
为了进一步强化传热,可以在无缝管外侧安装翅片。所述翅片可以是传热通用翅片。
所述无缝管可以是钢管、铜管或铝管等。
在吸附器中心安装一根多孔管,一方面保证翅片和管道壁面之间有紧密的接触,并有足够的传热途径将吸附剂在吸附或再生时产生的热量或所需的热量进行及时快速的传递;另一方面利用中间的多孔管保证吸附气体有畅通的外部通道顺利地进行气体流动。大大缩短了吸附器再生及吸附所需的时间,提高了制冷功率。设吸附管径为D,长度为L,纵向翅片数为M,径向翅片数为N,则纵向翅片之间的夹角 α = 360 M , 径向翅片之间的距离 S = L N + 1 , 中间多孔管的直径d=D/10,多孔管上小孔的直径为2-5mm,孔间距为4-8mm。
制造时,采用无缝管作为吸附器的主体,利用同材料片材加工后作为翅片,利用任意和吸附剂、吸附质相容的管材作为多孔小管。安装时先装纵向翅片,装上一层吸附剂后再装径向翅片,以后逐层安装径向翅片。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
1、解决在吸附制冷系统中碰到的吸附器的传热强化、系统安装、密封维持等一系列问题,从而大大提高吸附制冷的实用性及制冷功率,为这种可利用各种低品位热能(太阳能、工厂废热、柴油机排放的废气)进行制冷的新颖环保型制冷方法早日进入大规模应用提供技术支持。利用本发明的高效吸附器还可用于蓄冷技术,利用用电的低谷,加热再生吸附器,达到错峰的目的,为合理使用电力提供了一种新的途径。
2、吸附再生器内外均采用了翅片,并对翅片的厚度采用了变厚度技术,在保证传热的前提下,减少了金属用量,从而将有效的能量用于吸附剂的再生和吸附,大大强化了传热速度;
3、采用无焊接技术,实现了较小直径(<300mm)管内无法焊接翅片的难题,同时也减较少了由于焊接对吸附器壁面的破坏,提高了吸附器使用寿命。吸附器内的翅片不仅有利于强化传热,同时由于翅片间隔及快速传热,减少了吸附剂之间二次吸附的发生,即当吸附剂再生时,靠近吸附器壁面的吸附剂由于高温释放出吸附质,而在别处较低温度的吸附剂那里吸附,从而延长了吸附剂再生的时间。
4、与不采用本发明的强化措施的同类无翅片吸附器相比,吸附制冷循环时间可缩短60%以上,制冷功率可提高100%以上。在如以同等的制冷要求看,反映出吸附收器的体积可以减小,金属使用量也减小,同时也反映在安装及运输上的方便,达到省材省工的目的。
附图说明
图1是本发明强化传热的吸附再生器结构示意图;
图2是图1中A-A截面示意图;
图3是图1中径向翅片结构示意图;
图4是图1中径向翅片和吸附壁面接触局部放大图。
具体实施方式
如图1、2、3、4所示,吸附器主体6和多孔管4之间的空白处除去内径向传热翅片5和内纵向传热翅片所占空间外均为安装的吸附剂。通过图1的正面视图可知,本发明的高效吸附器是利用无缝管作为吸附器主体6,利用特殊的加工技术在无缝管内部出一定形状的凹槽,作为内径向翅片5和内纵向翅片3及外翅片2的嵌入槽。根据具体的无缝管直径的大小,将内外翅片2、3、5,法兰7,法兰盖1加工好备用。取一小无缝管,并在上面打上小孔,孔径为2~5mm,孔间距为4~8mm,为防止吸附剂进入多孔管内,可在多孔管外面绑上一层40到80目的筛网。将打好孔的小管和底部8焊接,然后将底部8及法兰7和主体6焊接,然后装上所有纵向翅片,完成上述工作后,按常规方法进行试压实验合格后,开始安装第一层吸附剂,当第一层吸附剂安装到规定高度时,安装第一块径向翅片,径向翅片的结构如图3所示,其直径略比吸附器主体内径大,这样既能够和进入吸附器内的周向凹槽,也可以在用力的情况下退出凹槽。以后逐层安装吸附剂和径向翅片。
由于本发明吸附器采用小管径的无缝管,且采用了多方向的翅片,使吸附器能够快速地进行传热;同时采用了中间的多孔管,使传质通道顺畅,两者一起加快了吸附器的再生速度及吸附速度。采用多段式并联的此结构吸附器尤其适用于太阳能吸附制冷及各种余热制冷。为充分利用太阳能及余热提供了一种方法。

Claims (4)

1、一种强化传热的吸附再生器,其特征在于是在无缝管中心安装一多孔小管,在小管与无缝管之间安装径向翅片和纵向翅片,在无缝管内径向翅片和纵向翅片隔出的空间填充吸附剂。
2、根据权利要求1所述的强化传热的吸附再生器,其特征在于所述径向翅片厚度从小管至无缝管由薄渐厚。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的强化传热的吸附再生器,其特征在于在无缝管外侧安装翅片。
4、根据权利要求1或2所述的强化传热的吸附再生器,其特征在于所述无缝管可以是钢管、铜管或铝管。
CNB021497648A 2002-12-27 2002-12-27 强化传热的吸附再生器 Expired - Fee Related CN1176340C (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100338416C (zh) * 2005-02-01 2007-09-19 泰山集团股份有限公司 吸附发生器及其制作方法
CN100507379C (zh) * 2004-04-28 2009-07-01 大金工业株式会社 吸附热交换器

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100507379C (zh) * 2004-04-28 2009-07-01 大金工业株式会社 吸附热交换器
CN100338416C (zh) * 2005-02-01 2007-09-19 泰山集团股份有限公司 吸附发生器及其制作方法

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