CN1422209A - Multi-dimensional tailored laminate - Google Patents
Multi-dimensional tailored laminate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1422209A CN1422209A CN01807783A CN01807783A CN1422209A CN 1422209 A CN1422209 A CN 1422209A CN 01807783 A CN01807783 A CN 01807783A CN 01807783 A CN01807783 A CN 01807783A CN 1422209 A CN1422209 A CN 1422209A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- casting die
- structure sheaf
- epidermis
- fiber core
- laminate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J5/00—Doors
- B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
- B60J5/0463—Conceptual assembling of door, i.e. how door frame parts should be fitted together to form door
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J5/00—Doors
- B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
- B60J5/048—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material
- B60J5/0481—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J5/00—Doors
- B60J5/04—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides
- B60J5/048—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material
- B60J5/0483—Doors arranged at the vehicle sides characterised by the material lightweight metal, e.g. aluminum, magnesium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A fibrous core material (24) is disposed between a portion of two opposed metal skins (22) and bonded thereto to form a structural laminate (20) having comparable strength to steel sheets of greater weight and having a profile which varies compositionally in different regions of the laminate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the laminate structural slab, more specifically to light-duty laminate with ideal structure characteristic.
Background technology
Car body generally includes metallic plate, and these metallic plates are that for example strength and stiffness, formability, corrosion resistance, weldability, resistance to impact wait and select at performance according to the precalculated position of plate on vehicle.In the situation of application need multifrequency nature, selected metallic plate can be a kind of special alloy, through conventional heat treatment and can for example be connected on other metal so that desired characteristic is provided in selected zone by welding or with securing member.Compare with any other material, steel plate is widely used on the motor vehicles to form panel or other structure.What those those skilled in the art will appreciate that is that needed architectural characteristic for example rigidity changes according to specific purposes.When needing steel plate to have higher rigidity value, thickness will increase usually.But increasing steel plate thickness makes plate or parts not only heavier but also more expensive.At exercise question is the United States Patent (USP) 5 of STRUCTURAL PANEL WITH KRAFT PAPER COREBETWEEN METAL SKINS (" structural slab with the kraft paper core between the metal epidermis "), 985, in 457, the full content of the document here is cited as a reference, the inventor of this invention discloses a kind of like this structural slab, this structural slab is the laminar structure with metal epidermis, and these metal epidermises by between two parties fibre core separately and thereon bonding.Described here laminate have very high specific stiffness (specific stiffness) and weight lighter relatively.But as here, the layout of fibre core and metal epidermis are continuous.In some purposes, the existence of core can hinder and form securing member, welding or gap perforate and their method.Requirement provides a kind of lightweight construction laminate, and these laminate can be customized to and adapt to specific fastening, welding and gap tap operation.The present invention meets these and other desired target.
Summary of the invention
In one aspect, providing a kind of has along the structure sheaf casting die of laminate body profile of variation on forming.This laminate has first and second epidermises that formed by metallic plate.The fibrous paper sandwich layer is located between the metallic plate epidermis and is bonded on these epidermises.In one aspect, soaked into the fibrous paper sandwich layer with adhesive resin, this resin directly is bonded in the fibrous paper sandwich layer on the epidermis.In one aspect of the method, adhesive phase is located between core material and the epidermis so that core is bonded on the epidermis.Along the edge of these laminate, between this double layer of metal epidermis, be provided with gap or space; That is, refill portion does not extend on the edge of steel plate epidermis at least some places fully.The cross section of this core is uneven, and it has the profile that " customization " is used for the purposes that requires.For example, this non-homogeneous profile can be so that the setting that securing member or fixture pass laminate or help lyriform pore.Weight/power ratio is very light mutually for resulting tailored laminate structure and the thickness single piece of sheet metal similar with intensity.
In aspect the present invention also has another, provide a kind of method that forms the specially made structure laminate.This method may further comprise the steps, the paper material fibre core is arranged between two metal epidermises, the area that this fibre core covers is long-pending less than whole neighboar lists surface, and promptly the edge along laminate exists gap or space between two metal epidermises as described in the paragraph in front.Pressure is applied on the tailored laminate to promote bonding between core and the metal epidermis.In one aspect, prepare many laminate, then one of these laminate are overlayed on another piece, push then with simultaneously bonding each layer.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of laminate of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the plane of the laminate of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the laminate of the present invention in another structure;
Fig. 4 is the view of the bicker of formation laminate of the present invention;
Fig. 5 demonstrates door-plate.
Detailed description of preferred embodiments
Referring now to the Fig. 1 among these figure, this figure demonstrates the non-homogeneous or special laminate 20 of the zone line 23 that has metal epidermis 22 and wherein can see fibre core 24.As being clear that in Fig. 2, in this embodiment, each edge 25 of fibre core 24 slave plates 20 is recessed.Therefore, between the relative metal epidermis 22 of part, there are unfilled gap or space 27.In this embodiment, the space is the complete channel shape that extends round the periphery of plate 20.In plane, the area in space 27 can change to a great extent, but is generally at least 1 square inch.As can be seen, the composition of plate 20 is along as being changed by the axis shown in arrow A and the B 21.In other words, along the path of arrow A, plate 20 is metal-at interval-metals; At the arrow B place, plate 20 is metal-paper-metals.It being understood that the layout in plate 20 intermediate gaps 27 will change according to the intended purpose of this laminate or parts; Gap 27 can occur in the one or more edges of plate 20, can be arranged in the interior zone (that is, as cutting the hole or can have irregularly shaped to adapt to specific purposes in the heart in the core 24) of plate 20 individually.Core 24 can be discontinuous, for example forms independent band etc.
In above-mentioned U.S. Patent No. 5,985,457 a kind of material that is used to form fibre core 24 has been described all sidedly, the document here is cited as a reference.
Now will be to describing at each layer shown in Fig. 1.The same as described, metal epidermis 22 is normally flat, and it has flat surface on each side.The metal that can be used for forming epidermis 22 is preferably selected from steel, aluminium, copper alloy and its various combinations.Most preferably in the specific environment of using plate 20, provide enough structures and the metal of (in case of necessity) decay resistance with least cost.
In a preferred structure, epidermis 22 is most preferably formed by galvanized steel plain sheet, and the thickness of each layer 22 is about 0.005 inch or bigger, preferably between about 0.005 inch and about 0.030 inch, and more preferably from about 0.005 inch to about 0.012 inch.In one embodiment, median fiber layer 24 preferred thickness are about 0.01 inch and bigger, and preferably from about 0.01 inch to about 0.05 inch.Therefore, the integral thickness of plate 20 in one embodiment is usually between about 0.020 inch and about 0.110 inch.Have in the size described in the explanation of accompanying drawing Fig. 1 and have just now that the common weight of plate of described preferred bed thickness is about 40-70% of the weight of the size monolithic steel plate similar with rigidity.
As known to the those of ordinary skill in the art, other yuan that steel contains according to carbon content and it have many grades.Say that broadly these grades have low carbon steel plate, intermediate carbon steel sheet and high carbon steel sheet.Here preferred use is mild steel and low-carbon microalloy high strength steel (HSLA).Most preferred metal epidermis used in the present invention is cold-rolled steel sheet, galvanized steel, tin-coated steel and stainless steel.Can preferably utilize the one side zinc coating plate, the outer surface of this epidermis 22 is a galvanizing surface, and the inner surface of these epidermises is a bare metal so that carry out bonding.In one embodiment, different spelter coatings is preferred, promptly has thin spelter coating and have thicker spelter coating on the outer surface on inner surface.In one embodiment, galvanized steel plain sheet with this lip-deep zinc by cold rolling one-tenth final thickness.
The same as described, layer 24 is a kind of fibrous materials.As used herein the same, under situation about not limiting the scope of the invention, term " fiber " refers to the aggregate of homogeneous substantially of a kind of fiber that can form slab products (natural or synthetic).Here the most preferred fibrous material (being considered in fiberboard is unique material) as layer 24 is a paper.The road is the same as known to persons of ordinary skill in the art, and paper is braiding or the felty texture that forms the fibrous material of the relative plate that approaches by the media of the diluted suspension of paper pulp and water basically.It is made of cellulose fibre basically.Can wait by mechanical lapping timber or other vegetable material, by chemical treatment (sulphite, brown paper or soda) and by chemical treatment cotton, flax and hemp cloth waste, waste material, straw and make the paper pulp that is used for papermaking.
In the present invention, it is most preferred adopting the brown paper pulp-making method.Known to a person of ordinary skill in the artly be that brown paper pulp-making method (this method is also referred to as kraft process or alkaline pulp-making method) forms the paper of the higher and bulk density of physical strength.A kind of preferred paper is by Charleston, the saturated brown paper that the Westvaco of S.C sells.
Also have, as ordinary skill was known, on average being aligned in of the cellulose fibre in the paper was to be controlled by " machining direction " during papermaking to a certain extent.It is believed that the orientation of the paper in laminate is to influence the rigidity of laminate and a factor of intensity in the present invention.Most preferably such laminate, wherein the machining direction of brown paper is the straight line that is parallel to the flexural center axis of laminate.Here the another kind of classification of employed fibrous material is a plastic optical fibre paper.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, layer 24 is provided as the fibrous material of resin dipping.At layer 24 is in the situation of brown paper, and this paper soaks into resin, and this resin is dried then.What here most preferably use is the brown paper of resin impregnating.Mylar is immersed in some purposes and also is suitable for.Method with resin impregnated paper is known for those those of ordinary skills.The paper of preferred in fact impregnating resin forms by base paper is thrown the net to be immersed in the liquid phenolic resin.Usually, the saturated impregnated paper of multilayer is stacked together to form individual layer semi-solid preparation impregnated paper.Though exceed in special-purpose can be suitable or desirable at resinous layer 24 scope that is proposed below, and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, resin constitutes about 15% to about 45% of resin impregnate layer 24 weight.
In most applications, it is preferred that thermosetting resin is used for flooding ply of paper 24, but in some purposes, thermoplastic resin also is an acceptable.In the situation of thermosetting resin, the same as described, resin was cured as the fritting stage usually before forming plate 20, but at following laminate extrusion operation (controlled heat and pressurization) impregnated paper was solidified fully.In the situation of phenolic resins, resin was cured as the fritting stage before lamination.It is adopting extruder that epidermis 22 and impregnated paper core 24 are solidified when laminated together fully then.The additive that can suitably comprise many standards in some purposes in resin is curing agent, filler etc. for example.
In the situation of the resin dipping that is with or without fibrage 24, preferably or require to use layer of adhesive that epidermis 22 is bonded on the fiber core 24.Many adhesives can be suitable for being used in the specific purposes, comprise epoxy resin, phenolic resins, isocyanates, polyurethane and heat fusing thing.Especially preferred for this reason adhesive is a kind of nitrile phenolic adhesive of being sold with " Arofene 1166 " by Ashland Chemical.This adhesive can directly be coated on the layer 24 or on the metal epidermis 22 or on the two by any means.Preferably, for example complex oxide or trbasic zinc phosphate carry out preliminary treatment to improve bonding integrality and corrosion resistance to this steel plate with conversion coating.
In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, be provided with the different edge strip of a slab 28 of its material and fiber core 24.This edge strip of a slab 28 can use various materials for example thermoplastic or adhesive.Lead-in 28 can constitute around the single strip of the neighboring of plate 20.
In another embodiment, fibrage 24 can have a plurality of holes (not shown) that therefrom extends through; These holes can be as at above-mentioned references to U.S. patent No.5, and that more completely describes in 985,457 equally provides adhesive " bridge ".
Referring now to the Fig. 4 in the accompanying drawing, this figure demonstrates a kind of method that adopts extruder 30 assembling epidermises 22 and layer 24.Extruder 30 comprises the pressing plate 32 that adopts hydraulic means etc. to be moved toward each other in the mode of routine.As the exercise question in application on August 12nd, 1999 is the common unsettled U.S. Patent application No.09/373 of IMPROVEDSTRUCTURAL PANEL AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE (" improved structural slab and manufacture method thereof "), in 298 more fully describe the same, pressing plate 32 is preferably heatable, therefore heat and pressure can be applied on these laminate so that resin solidification and adhesive binder, the full content of the document here is cited as a reference.
As in front U.S. Patent application No.373 just, the same described in 298, can be with several metal/fibers/metal laminate stacked together and push.After the laminates that is extruded has cooled off, from extruder, it is taken out, make each piece plate separately then.
In some purposes, laminate of the present invention can replace the metal part that is not dull and stereotyped.Therefore, as in front U.S. Patent application No.373 just, the same described in 298, the parts with non-planar geometry can be benefited from tailored laminate method of the present invention.
This multidimensional laminate 20 can be used as at the door-plate shown in Fig. 5 34.Main body by the door-plate 34 of label 36 expression can comprise a kind of rigidity lightweight composite materials, and it comprises the external metallization epidermis made by steel plate and by the inner core made of paper of described type here.This door-plate 34 has the marginal portion, front and back by 38,40 expressions, and these marginal portions comprise steel plate exocuticle and the inner core of being made by the high-strength steel sheet that is fit to weld.In being formed on door-plate 34 with near the opening 42 of making window, has zone by Reference numeral 44 expressions, this zone will be out of shape producing the groove relevant with the door handle (not shown), and comprise the steel plate exocuticle and by bearing the inner core of making up to the thermoplastic material of 30% strain.
Though show here and described specific embodiments of the present invention, it being understood that certainly the present invention is not limited to this, because those of ordinary skills can make many improvement under the enlightenment of this disclosure content.Therefore, plan to cover any these improvement that fall within true spirit of the present invention and the scope by appended claims.
Claims (21)
1. structure sheaf casting die, it comprises:
First and second epidermises of making by metallic plate;
Be arranged on the fiber core between the described metallic plate epidermis, described fiber core is bonded on the described metallic plate epidermis;
Wherein said fiber core is less than described epidermis, thereby forms the gap between the described metal epidermis of a part.
2. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, the area that wherein said gap contacts with described epidermis is at least 1 square inch.
3. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of every described epidermis is approximately 0.005 inch at least.
4. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gap forms a passage along the whole length at least one edge of described laminate.
5. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gap forms passage along the whole periphery of described laminate.
6. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said gap are filled with the material different with forming described fiber core.
7. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metallic plate is selected from cold-rolled steel sheet, galvanized steel plain sheet, tin plate and corrosion resistant plate.
8. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1 wherein is bonded in described fiber core on the described metallic plate epidermis with adhesive.
9. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of every described epidermis is about 0.005 inch to about 0.030 inch.
10. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber core is flooded with resin.
11. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, the thickness of wherein said fiber core are approximately 0.01 inch at least.
12. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, the thickness of wherein said fiber core are about 0.01 inch to about 0.05 inch.
13. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said laminate are a kind of structural slabs.
14. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the adhesive phase that is arranged between described fiber core and the every epidermis.
15. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber core is a paper.
16. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metallic plate epidermis is a galvanized steel plain sheet, and this steel plate comes out with lip-deep zinc is cold rolling.
17. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber core are the fleeces that polylith bonds together mutually with adhesive.
18. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said laminate is an on-plane surface.
19. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metal epidermis is a steel plate, and this steel plate has carried out preliminary treatment to improve bonding integrality and corrosion resistance with conversion coating.
20. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, wherein said metal epidermis is formed by the low-carbon microalloy high-strength steel sheet.
21. structure sheaf casting die as claimed in claim 1, the described material in the wherein said gap is a kind of thermoplastic.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US54496300A | 2000-04-07 | 2000-04-07 | |
| US09/544,963 | 2000-04-07 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1422209A true CN1422209A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
Family
ID=24174310
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01807783A Pending CN1422209A (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2001-04-09 | Multi-dimensional tailored laminate |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1274568A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003530246A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20020084298A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1422209A (en) |
| AU (2) | AU2001250207B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0109888A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2405410A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02009899A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001076864A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102844178A (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2012-12-26 | 多产研究有限责任公司 | Formable light weight composite material systems and methods |
| CN105690918A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-22 | 华精密机械（昆山）有限公司 | Automobile door stamping piece |
| CN111511547A (en) * | 2017-12-24 | 2020-08-07 | Posco公司 | Composite steel plate |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6622563B2 (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2019-12-18 | 京セラ株式会社 | Laminated body |
| SE541379C2 (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2019-09-10 | Lamera Ab | Composite material and method for production of the same |
| CN107757320A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-06 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of crashworthy plate of vehicle door and preparation method, car door |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3783082A (en) * | 1971-03-31 | 1974-01-01 | E Almog | Panels and method of making same |
| US4514450A (en) * | 1983-11-01 | 1985-04-30 | Union Carbide Corporation | Peg supported thermal insulation panel |
| US5030488A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1991-07-09 | Chemical And Polymer Technology, Inc. | Laminates, panels and means for joining them |
| US5402615A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-04-04 | International Copper Association, Ltd. | Fire retardant barrier system and method |
| DE4434217A1 (en) * | 1994-09-26 | 1996-03-28 | Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco | Semi-finished or finished part made of a layered material for purposes of electrical power conduction and / or electrical contact |
| DE29518473U1 (en) * | 1995-11-21 | 1996-01-25 | Promat Gmbh | Panel-shaped high-temperature thermal insulation element |
| US6021220A (en) * | 1997-02-11 | 2000-02-01 | Silicon Biology, Inc. | System and method for pattern recognition |
| ATE357334T1 (en) * | 1999-06-29 | 2007-04-15 | Dofasco Inc | WALL FOR TRUCKS |
-
2001
- 2001-04-09 EP EP01923434A patent/EP1274568A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-04-09 JP JP2001574360A patent/JP2003530246A/en active Pending
- 2001-04-09 CA CA002405410A patent/CA2405410A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-04-09 AU AU2001250207A patent/AU2001250207B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-04-09 BR BR0109888-8A patent/BR0109888A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-09 KR KR1020027013414A patent/KR20020084298A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-09 CN CN01807783A patent/CN1422209A/en active Pending
- 2001-04-09 MX MXPA02009899A patent/MXPA02009899A/en unknown
- 2001-04-09 WO PCT/CA2001/000497 patent/WO2001076864A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-04-09 AU AU5020701A patent/AU5020701A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102844178A (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2012-12-26 | 多产研究有限责任公司 | Formable light weight composite material systems and methods |
| CN102844178B (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2015-09-16 | 多产研究有限责任公司 | Plastic light composite material system and method |
| CN105690918A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-22 | 华精密机械（昆山）有限公司 | Automobile door stamping piece |
| CN111511547A (en) * | 2017-12-24 | 2020-08-07 | Posco公司 | Composite steel plate |
| US11420420B2 (en) | 2017-12-24 | 2022-08-23 | Posco | Composite material steel sheet |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2405410A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| AU5020701A (en) | 2001-10-23 |
| WO2001076864A2 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
| WO2001076864A3 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| AU2001250207B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
| KR20020084298A (en) | 2002-11-04 |
| BR0109888A (en) | 2003-06-03 |
| MXPA02009899A (en) | 2004-02-26 |
| JP2003530246A (en) | 2003-10-14 |
| EP1274568A2 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |