CN1421947A - Fuel battery apparatus - Google Patents
Fuel battery apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1421947A CN1421947A CN02152642A CN02152642A CN1421947A CN 1421947 A CN1421947 A CN 1421947A CN 02152642 A CN02152642 A CN 02152642A CN 02152642 A CN02152642 A CN 02152642A CN 1421947 A CN1421947 A CN 1421947A
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- fuel
- cell
- shunt valve
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- maker
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0668—Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a fuel generator for generating a fuel gas from a feedstock; a fuel supplying conduit for supplying the fuel gas produced by the fuel generator to the fuel cell; a fuel exhausting conduit for introducing a remaining fuel gas, which has not been consumed by the fuel cell, to a combustion chamber of the fuel generator; a first bypass conduit for connecting the fuel supplying conduit with the fuel exhausting conduit; a second bypass conduit for supplying the feedstock to the fuel exhausting conduit. The fuel cell system further comprises: either one of (1) a gas pathway switching device A installed at a junction of the fuel supplying conduit and the first bypass conduit; and (2) a gas pathway switching device B installed at a junction of the fuel exhausting conduit and the first bypass conduit. The second bypass conduit is connected to the fuel exhausting conduit at an upper stream side of the flow of the remaining fuel gas than the junction with the first bypass conduit.
Description
Technical field.
The present invention relates to fuel-cell device.
Background technology
With reference to Fig. 5 explanation fuel-cell device in the past.
Fuel-cell device in the past generally possesses the fuel cell 1 that uses fuel gas and oxidant gas to generate electricity, water (W) is added on carries out the fuel maker 2 that upgrading produces the fuel gas that is rich in hydrogen in the generating raw material (Fs) such as natural gas, air compressor 3 with oxidants such as air (O) fueling battery 1, the fuel feed pipe 4 of the fuel gas supply fuel cell 1 that fuel maker 2 is produced, the fuel discharge pipe 5 that the residual fuel that does not consume in the fuel cell 1 is discharged.
Fuel-device in the past also possesses not with fuel gas supply fuel cell 1, and be transported to the 1st shunt valve 6 of fuel discharge pipe 5 from fuel feed pipe 4, the gas passage switching device shifter 7 that between fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6, the fuel gas flow pass is switched, with fuel gas in the process that the 1st shunt valve 6 is supplied with, make fuel gas not from fuel discharge pipe road 5 adverse currents or be diffused into the switch valve 8 of fuel cell 1, make natural gas, the burner 9 that fuel gas or residual fuel burning cause the fuel maker to heat up, the refuses of collecting in the fuel maker 2 such as catalyst degradation thing make its filter that does not flow into fuel cell 10.
Fuel-cell device considers to need to discharge in advance fuel gas from security standpoint from gas passage except that operation.Therefore, fuel-device makes nitrogen (N) flow into the fuel maker 2 of generating raw material from feed path before and after operation, flow through successively fuel maker 2, gas passage switching device shifter 7, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel cell 1, fuel discharge pipe 5, switch valve 8 are discharged from burner 9 at last.
Stop to supply with nitrogen during fuel-cell device operation beginning, raw material supplying fuel maker 2 will generate electricity.; fuel maker 2 is not able to produce in the process of temperature (about 700 ℃) of the fuel gas that is rich in hydrogen; after utilizing gas passage switching device shifter 7 to make the generating raw material import burners 9 through the 1st shunt valve 6 from the fuel maker, burning in burner 9.The material combusting that generates electricity in burner 9 when fuel maker 2 reaches 700 ℃, supplies water to fuel maker 2, begins to produce fuel gas.
Temperature stabilization when the carbon-monoxide-removing means of fuel maker 2, the carbonomonoxide concentration that contains in the fuel gas drops to 20ppm when following, opens switch valve 8 and also utilizes gas passage switching device shifter 7 to make fuel gas through fuel feed pipe 4 input fuel cells 1.Make air compressor 3 operations simultaneously, with oxidant fueling battery 1, fuel cell 1 begins generating.
The temperature of fuel maker 2 is regulated the fuel gas scale of construction of supplying with to burner 9 by the generating material flow of regulating fueling maker 2, can maintain about 700 ℃.When the temperature of fuel maker 2 descends, increase the quantity delivered of generating raw material, fuel gas is increased, to increase the fuel gas of supplying with to burner 9.On the contrary, when the temperature of fuel maker 2 raises, reduce the quantity delivered of generating raw material, the fuel gas that produces in the fuel maker 2 is reduced, to reduce the fuel gas of supplying with to burner 9.
, in aforementioned fuel-cell device in the past, from operation begin to the temperature of the carbon-monoxide-removing means of fuel maker 2 reach stable, to the process of fuel cell 1 fueling gas, fuel cell 1 is in air-tight state.Therefore, often the pressure in the fuel cell raises, and has the possibility of fuel cell breakage.
The fuel gas temperature about 100 ℃ is usually discharged from fuel maker 2, and therefore, gas passage switching device shifter 7 also needs the thermal endurance about 100 degree., gas passage switching device shifter 7 is if make with anti-high thermal valve etc., and then installation cost is too high.
And, for the temperature of fuel metering maker 2, the essential flow of regulating the generating raw material, if change flow, then the fuel gas flow of supplying with to fuel cell 1 also can change, and therefore has influence on the power generation stabilization of fuel cell 1.
In addition, if refuse constantly is deposited in filter 10, then can hinder the supply of fuel gas to fuel cell 1, filter 10 just needs to adopt the formation that can change like this.Therefore device constitutes the complexity that becomes, and cost also can uprise, and also needs often maintenance.If refuse short time bulk deposition is in filter 10, then device becomes and can not move.
In fuel-cell device in the past, must make nitrogen current cross gas passage before and after the operation, therefore, and the essential nitrogen cylinder that uses, installation cost uprises.And the nitrogen surplus also the fault that device can not move can occur after a little while.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve foregoing problems, fuel-cell device of the present invention possesses the fuel cell that utilizes fuel and oxidant to produce electric power, produce the fuel maker of hydrogen-containing fuel gas by the generating raw material, the fuel feed pipe of the fuel gas supply fuel cell that the fuel maker is produced, the residual fuel that does not consume in the fuel cell is imported the fuel discharge pipe of the burner of fuel maker, the 1st shunt valve that connects fuel feed pipe and fuel discharge pipe, the 2nd shunt valve with generating raw material supplying fuel discharge pipe, be arranged on the gas passage switching device shifter A of the connecting portion of fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve, the feature of this device is that the 2nd shunt valve is connected with fuel discharge pipe with the upstream side of the residual fuel of the connecting portion of the 1st shunt valve at relative its.
Fuel-cell device of the present invention possesses the fuel cell that utilizes fuel and oxidant to produce electric power, produce the fuel maker of hydrogen-containing fuel gas by the generating raw material, the fuel feed pipe of the fuel gas supply fuel cell that the fuel maker is produced, the residual fuel that does not consume in the fuel cell is imported the fuel discharge pipe of the burner of fuel maker, the 1st shunt valve that connects fuel feed pipe and fuel discharge pipe, the 2nd shunt valve with generating raw material supplying fuel discharge pipe, be arranged on the gas passage switching device shifter B of the connecting portion of fuel discharge pipe and the 1st shunt valve, the feature of this device is that the 2nd shunt valve is connected with fuel discharge pipe with the upstream side of the residual fuel of the connecting portion of the 1st shunt valve at relative its.
In aforementioned any fuel-cell device, on the 2nd shunt valve, all possesses the flow regulator of generating raw material.
In aforementioned any fuel-cell device, be provided with filter with respect to the downstream of the fuel gas of the connecting portion of fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve and with respect to the upstream side of fuel cell.
Aforementioned arbitrary fuel-cell device possesses to the air fed fuel-side air feeder of fuel maker.
Fuel-cell device of the present invention possesses the fuel cell that utilizes fuel and oxidant to produce electric power, fuel feed pipe with the fuel gas supply fuel cell, the fuel discharge pipe that the residual fuel that does not consume in the fuel cell is discharged, be arranged on filter and conversion agent feedway on the fuel feed pipe, described conversion agent is imported from fuel discharge pipe, upstream is input to the upstream side with respect to the fuel gas of aforementioned filter in the fuel channel of fuel cell from the downstream.
Fuel-cell device with aforementioned conversion agent feedway possesses the fuel maker that is produced hydrogen-containing fuel gas by the generating raw material, connect the 1st shunt valve of fuel feed pipe and fuel discharge pipe, the conversion agent feedway is preferably disposed on the upstream side with respect to the residual fuel of the 1st shunt valve and fuel discharge pipe.And the fuel cell that possesses aforementioned conversion agent feedway preferably possesses (1) and is arranged on the gas passage switching device shifter A of connecting portion of fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve or the gas passage switching device shifter B of the connecting portion that (2) are arranged on fuel discharge pipe and the 1st shunt valve.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is another structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of fuel-cell device in the past.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 1.The used symbol of key element that same inscape in the device in the past shown in Figure 5 is identical with Fig. 1 is identical.
The fuel-cell device of embodiments of the present invention 1 has fuel cell 1, fuel maker 2, air compressor 3 with oxygen containing oxidant fueling battery 1, fuel feed pipe 4 with the fuel gas supply fuel cell 1 that produces in the fuel maker, the fuel discharge pipe 5 that the residual fuel that will not consume in fuel cell 1 is discharged, with fuel gas fueling battery 1 not, but be transported to the 1st shunt valve 6 of fuel discharge pipe 5 from fuel feed pipe 4, be arranged on the gas passage switching device shifter 7 of the connecting portion of fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve, the generating raw material that fuel maker 2 is discharged, fuel gas or the burner 9 that causes fuel maker 2 to heat up from the residual fuel burning that fuel cell 1 is discharged.
Be provided with the carbon-monoxide-removing means of forming by the catalyst of regulation in the fuel maker 2.And gas passage switching device shifter 7 has between fuel feed pipe 4 sides and the 1st shunt valve 6 sides the function of the flow pass that switches the gas of carrying from fuel maker 2.Near the connecting portion of fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6 are provided with switch valve separately, can constitute the gas passage switching device shifter.Open for any one in 2 switch valves, another is closed, and then gas can be imported the either party in fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6.2 switch valves are all opened, and then gas can be imported fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6 simultaneously.
This fuel-cell device also possesses the fuel-side air feeder 11 of sending into input air in the feed path of fuel maker 2 at the raw material that will generate electricity, and the 2nd shunt valve 12 of the raw material supplying fuel discharge pipe 5 that will generate electricity.Has the flow regulator 1313 of regulating the generating material quantity that flows through the 2nd shunt valve on the 2nd shunt valve.
On fuel feed pipe 4, be preferably in the fuel gas downstream of relative gas passage switching device shifter 7 and relatively the upstream side of the fuel gas of fuel cell 1 filter of catching refuse is set so that the refuses such as catalyst degradation thing in the fuel maker do not flow into fuel cell 1.
During fuel-cell device operation beginning, fuel-side air feeder 11 is started, air rather than fuel feedstocks are sent into fuel maker 2.To discharge from burner 9 from the air of fuel maker 2 gas coming through channel switching devices 7, fuel feed pipe 4, fuel cell 1, fuel discharge pipe 5.Before the fuel-cell device operation, just there is no need nitrogen is circulated at gas passage like this.
Then, gas passage switching device shifter 7 is switched to the 1st shunt valve 6 sides, will discharge from burner 9 from the air of fuel maker 2 gas coming through channel switching devices the 7, the 1st shunt valve 6 and fuel discharge pipe 5.
Even make order that air circulates and aforementioned opposite also it doesn't matter in fuel-cell device.And, when using the gas passage switching device shifter 7 of the switch valve composition that is separately positioned on fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6, can make air import fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6 simultaneously.
Then, stop air from fuel-side air feeder 11 fueling makers 2, with generating raw material input fuel makers 2 such as natural gases.At this moment utilize gas passage switching device shifter 7 raw material that will generate electricity to import the 1st shunt valve 6, through fuel discharge pipe 5 supplied burner 9.And, open flow regulator 13, also from the 2nd shunt valve 12 through the fuel discharge pipes 5 raw material supplying burner 9 that will generate electricity, make the generating material combusting of supplied burner 9, fuel maker 2 begins intensification.
But in above-mentioned fuel-cell device, the flow of the temperature of fuel maker 2 by being adjusted in the 2nd shunt valve 12 the generating raw material that flows with flow regulator 13, to regulate to burner 9 gas supplied amounts can maintain about 700 ℃.That is, when the temperature of fuel maker 2 descends, utilize flow regulator 13 to be increased in the generating raw material that flows in the 2nd shunt valve 12, the quantity combusted of burner 9 is increased.On the contrary, when the temperature of fuel maker 2 raises, utilize flow regulator 13 that generating raw material mobile in the 2nd shunt valve 12 is reduced, thereby the quantity combusted of burner 9 is reduced.Generating material quantity to input fuel maker 2 can be regulated, to obtain the necessary fuel gas flow of fuel cell 1 stable electric generation.
Above-mentioned fuel-cell device begins to the process of the temperature stabilization of the carbon-monoxide-removing means of fuel maker 2 from operation, make gas stream cross the gas passage of the 2nd shunt valve 12 and fuel discharge pipe 5 compositions by opening flow regulator 13, can prevent that like this fuel cell 1 is in sealing state.The phenomenon that can not occur the rising of fuel cell 1 internal pressure, fuel cell 1 breakage like this.
When fuel-cell device is out of service, stop to supply with the generating raw material, only supply water, utilize the waste heat of fuel maker 2 to produce steam to fuel maker 2 to fuel maker 2.And, steam is discharged through burner 9 through gas passage switching device shifter 7, fuel feed pipe 4, fuel cell 1, fuel discharge pipe 5 from fuel maker 2 again.
Then, gas passage switching device shifter 7 is switched to the 1st shunt valve 6 sides, steam is discharged from burner 9 through gas passage switching device shifter the 7, the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel discharge pipe 5.
Even the order that steam circulates in fuel-cell device is with aforementioned opposite, also it doesn't matter.And when using the gas passage switching device shifter 7 of the switch valve composition that is separately positioned on fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6, steam can be simultaneously in fuel feed pipe 4 and 6 circulations of the 1 road pipe.
Here, steam plays and prevents the interior air and the effect that remains in the hydrogen vigorous reaction in the device of feeder in succession.
Then, stop to supply water, utilize fuel-side air feeder 11 that air is circulated in fuel-cell device to fuel maker 2.Even after the fuel-cell device operation, nitrogen is circulated in gas passage like this.Make air identical when the method for fuel-cell device circulation begins with the aforementioned means operation.
As previously mentioned, the fuel-cell device of present embodiment can not cause fuel cell 1 breakage because pressure raises.Before and after operation, nitrogen is circulated in gas passage.Reliability increases like this, and, can obtain the not fuel-cell device cheaply of nitrogen cylinder, and, the fault that the less residue device because of nitrogen can not move can not take place yet.
As previously mentioned, the carbon monoxide of fuel maker 2 is removed the temperature stabilization of portion, and the carbonomonoxide concentration one that contains in the fuel gas drops to about 20ppm, just closes flow regulator 13 fully., continue to open flow regulator 13, to burner 9 fueling gases, can access same effect through the 2nd shunt valve 12, fuel discharge pipe 5.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 2.The in addition same symbol identical with the inscape of device shown in Figure 1.
The fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 2 possesses fuel cell 1, fuel maker 2, will be as the air compressor 3 of the air fueling battery 1 of oxidant, the fuel feed pipe 4 of the fuel gas supply fuel cell 1 that will produce at fuel maker 2, the fuel discharge pipe 5 that the residual fuel that will not consume in fuel cell 1 is discharged, with fuel gas fueling battery 1 not, and be transported to the 1st shunt valve 6 of fuel discharge pipe 5 from fuel feed pipe 4, the natural gas that the 1st shunt valve 6 is carried, fuel gas or the burner 9 that causes fuel maker 2 to heat up from the residual gas burning that fuel cell 1 is discharged.
The carbon-monoxide-removing means of being made up of the catalyst of regulation is set in fuel maker 2.As shown in Figure 3, on fuel feed pipe 4, in the relative downstream of the fuel gas of the connecting portion of fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve, and the upstream side of fuel cell is provided with and catches the filter 10 that refuse is used relatively, so that the refuse that fuel maker 2 produces does not flow into fuel cell 1.
This fuel-cell device also possesses the gas passage switching device shifter 14 of the connecting portion that is arranged on fuel discharge pipe 5 and the 1st shunt valve 6, air is sent into fuel-side feedway 11 from the feed path of generating raw material to fuel maker 2 that supply with, supply with the 2nd shunt valve 12 of generating raw material to fuel discharge pipe 5, and the flow regulator 15 that is adjusted in the flow of the generating raw material that flows in the 2nd shunt valve.
Gas passage switching device shifter 14 has the function of between fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6 the gas flow pass from 2 outputs of fuel maker being switched.For example, near the connecting portion of fuel discharge pipe 5 and the 1st shunt valve 6, on the pipeline of fuel discharge pipe 5 and the 1st shunt valve 6, switch valve is set respectively, just can constitutes gas passage switching device shifter 14.Opening for any one in 2 switch valves, gas can be imported the either party in fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve 6.If 2 switch valves are all opened, then gas can be imported fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st bypass 6 simultaneously.
During the fuel-cell device operation, fuel-side air feeder 11 is started, air rather than generating raw material are sent into fuel maker 2.Discharge through burner 9 from the flow through air of fuel feed pipe 4, fuel cell 1, gas passage switching device shifter 14, fuel discharge pipe 5 of fuel maker 2.Therefore, fuel-cell device needn't make nitrogen circulate in gas passage before running.
Then, gas passage switching device shifter 14 is switched to the 1st shunt valve 6 sides, discharge through burner 9 from the flow through air of the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14, fuel discharge pipe 5 of fuel maker 2.
Make order that air circulates and aforementioned opposite also it doesn't matter in fuel-cell device.And, when using the gas passage switching device shifter 14 of the switch valve composition that is separately positioned on fuel discharge pipe 5 and the 1st shunt valve 6, also can make air flow into fuel feed pipe 4 the 1st shunt valve 6 simultaneously.
Then, stop from fuel-side air feeder 11 to fuel maker 2 air supplies, with generating raw material input fuel makers 2 such as natural gases.At this moment, will generate electricity raw material through the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel channel switching device 14 supplied burner 9.On the other hand, will be from the generating raw material supplying burner 9 of the 2nd shunt valve 12 through fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel channel switching device 14, make the generating material combusting at burner 9, fuel maker 2 begins to heat up.
Like this, fuel-cell device is from running begins to reach stable process to the temperature of the carbon-monoxide-removing means of fuel maker 2, make the circulation of the order along fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, downstream fuel channel switching device 14 of generating raw material, can prevent that fuel cell 1 is in sealing state from the 2nd shunt valve 12.Fuel cell 1 internal pressure so just can not take place rise the phenomenon of fuel cell breakage.
Employing makes the cooling way of fuel cell 1 in the set point of temperature operation, and the gas that fuel cell 1 is discharged is lower than the temperature of the gas of fueling battery 1.Therefore, gas passage switching device shifter 14 is arranged on the downstream of fuel cell 1, the gas temperature through gas passage switching device shifter 14 is descended, the decline of the heat resisting temperature of valve etc. is unlikely too low, and reduces installation cost.
When stopping the fuel-cell device operation, stop to supply with the generating raw material to fuel maker 2, only supply water to fuel maker 2, utilize the waste heat generation steam of fuel maker 2.And, the steam of flow through the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14 is discharged through burner 9.
And, utilize flow regulator 15 make natural gas flow through so-called the 2nd shunt valve 12, fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel channel switching device 14, passage supplied burner 9, natural gas is burnt in burner 9.
Then, stop to supply water to fuel maker 2, fuel-side air feeder 11 is started, air is imported fuel maker 2, and air is discharged from burner 9 through fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel cell 1, fuel discharge pipe 5 from fuel maker 2.Therefore, even after the fuel-cell device operation, also there is no need to make nitrogen in the circulation passage of gas, to circulate.
As previously mentioned, the phenomenon that the pressure rising causes fuel cell 1 breakage can not take place in the fuel Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of present embodiment, there is no need to make before and after its operation the nitrogen circulation yet.Reliability increases like this, and, do not need can obtain the low cost fuel cell device of nitrogen cylinder.Under the few situation of the residual amount of nitrogen, the fault that so-called device can not move can not take place yet.
Because the fuel-cell device of present embodiment possesses flow regulator 15, therefore can regulate the flow of the generating raw material of supplying with to burner 9 through fuel discharge pipes 5, gas passage switching device shifter 14 from the 2nd shunt valve 12.Therefore, for the temperature of fuel metering maker 2, do not change the generating material quantity of supplying with to fuel maker 2, the amount of the fuel gas of fueling battery 1 can be kept stable like this.
The fuel-cell device of present embodiment can make the circulation of the order along fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14 from the 2nd shunt valve 12 of generating raw material and air before and after its operation.The fuel-cell device of present embodiment on fuel feed pipe 4, can obtain following effect as shown in Figure 3 under the situation that possesses filter 10 between the connecting portion of fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve and the fuel cell.That is, opposite during with fuel cell 1 generating, gas flow filter 10, make the refuse that is deposited in filter 10 through fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, gas switching channel 14 burns in burner 9 or discharge to the outside.Therefore, filter 10 does not need to adopt the formation that can change, device is constituted become simple, and maintenance also becomes easy.Consequently, can obtain the device of low cost, stable, uninterruptable power generation.
In execution mode 1 and the execution mode 2, because with air fueling maker 2, so the carbon-monoxide-removing means that fuel maker 2 possesses is made of the catalyst of resistance to oxidation atmosphere gas.This class catalyst comprises the noble metal series catalysts.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 3.Attached with the inscape that Fig. 1～device shown in Figure 3 is identical with same-sign.
The fuel-cell device of embodiment of the present invention 3 possesses fuel cell 1, fuel maker 2, will be as the air compressor 3 of the air fueling battery 1 of oxidant, the fuel feed pipe 4 of the fuel gas supply fuel cell 1 that fuel maker 2 is produced, the fuel discharge pipe 5 that the residual fuel that fuel cell 1 is not consumed is discharged, with fuel gas fueling battery 1 not, and be transported to the 1st shunt valve 6 of fuel discharge pipe 5 from fuel feed pipe 4, make the natural gas of carrying by the 1st shunt valve 6, fuel gas or the burner 9 that causes fuel maker 2 to heat up from the residual fuel burning that fuel cell 1 is discharged are caught the refuse that fuel maker 2 is discharged, make its filter that does not flow into fuel cell 1 10.
In fuel maker 2, be provided with the carbon-monoxide-removing means of forming by the regulation catalyst.And filter 10 is arranged on the downstream of fuel gas of the connecting portion of relative fuel feed pipe on the fuel feed pipe 4 and the 1st shunt valve, and the upstream side of fuel cell 1 relatively.
This fuel-cell device also possesses the gas passage switching device shifter 14 and the conversion agent feedway 16 of the connecting portion that is arranged on fuel discharge pipe 5 and the 1st shunt valve 6, and this conversion agent feedway 16 makes conversion agent flow to the upstream side of the fuel gas of relative filter 10 by fuel cell 1 from fuel discharge pipe 5.
The formation of gas passage switching device shifter 14 is same with execution mode 2.Can use nitrogen etc. as conversion agent.
Except that the fuel-cell device operation, consider safety problem, be necessary fuel gas is discharged from gas passage, therefore, nitrogen is flowed into from the feed path of generating raw material to fuel maker 2.And, make by the flow through nitrogen of the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14 of fuel maker 2 and discharge from burner.Simultaneously, make by the flow through conversion agents such as nitrogen of fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, fuel feed pipe 4, gas passage switching device shifter 14 of conversion agent feedway 16 and discharge from burner 9.
When fuel-cell device brings into operation, at first stop to supply with nitrogen, supply with the generating raw material to fuel maker 2 to fuel maker 2.And, will be through the generating raw material supplying burner 9 of the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14, burning in burner 9, fuel maker 2 begins to heat up.At this moment, do not stop to supply with conversion agent through fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, fuel feed pipe 4, gas passage switching device shifter 14 to burner 9 from conversion agent feedway 16.Therefore, the generating raw material of discharging from fuel maker 2 does not arrive fuel cell 1 by filter 10, but is transfused to the 1st shunt valve 6.
Like this, from the operation of fuel-cell device begins to reach stable process to the temperature of the carbon-monoxide-removing means of fuel maker 2, make conversion agent flow to burner 9 through fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, filter 10, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14, therefore can prevent that fuel cell 1 is in sealing state from changing agent feeding device 16.Because of rising, fuel cell 1 internal pressure causes the phenomenon of fuel cell 1 breakage with regard to not taking place like this.
Employing makes the cooling way of fuel cell 1 in certain temperature operation, and the gas of discharging from fuel cell 1 is lower than the temperature of the gas of fueling battery 1.By gas passage switching device shifter 14 being arranged on the downstream of relative fuel cell 1, can reduce the decline of the gas temperature of gas coming through channel switching device 14, and can suppress the decline of the heat resisting temperature of valve etc., thereby installation cost is descended.
When fuel maker 2 reaches 700 ℃, just supply water to fuel maker 2, begin to produce fuel gas.The temperature of the carbon-monoxide-removing means of fuel maker 2 reaches stable, after the carbonomonoxide concentration that contains in the fuel gas is reduced to 20ppm, utilize gas passage switching device shifter 14 that gas passage is switched to fuel feed pipe 4 sides, will be from the flow through fuel gas supply fuel cell 1 of filter 11 of fuel supply pipe 4.Simultaneously, stop to supply with nitrogen to fuel discharge pipe 5.And, make air compressor 3 work, with oxygen containing oxidant fueling battery 1, fuel cell 1 begins generating.
The flow of the generating raw material of the temperature of fuel maker 2 by regulating fueling maker 2, the flow with the fuel gas of regulating supplied burner 9 can maintain about 700 ℃.That is, when fuel maker 2 temperature descend, increase the quantity delivered of generating raw material, the fuel gas that produces in fuel maker 2 is increased,, quantity combusted is increased with the fuel gas of the burner 9 of increasing supply.On the contrary, when the temperature of fuel maker 2 raises, reduce the quantity delivered of generating raw material, the fuel gas scale of construction that produces in fuel maker 2 is reduced,, quantity combusted is reduced to reduce the fuel gas scale of construction of supplying with to burner 9.
The fuel-cell device of present embodiment can make conversion agent from changing the order circulation of agent feeding device 16 along fuel discharge pipe 5, fuel cell 1, filter 10, fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14 before and after operation.At this moment, because gas is opposite when the flow direction of filter 10 is generated electricity with fuel cell 1, the refuse of filter 10 passes through fuel feed pipe the 4, the 1st shunt valve 6, gas passage switching device shifter 14 is in burner 9 burnings or be discharged to the outside so be deposited in.Filter 10 does not just need to adopt the formation that can change like this, device is constituted become simple, and maintenance also becomes easy.Consequently, but can obtain the device of low cost continuous and stable electric generation.
As previously mentioned, the present invention is can the generator cost low, and fuel-cell device that can stable electric generation.
Promptly, fuel-cell device of the present invention has the 1st shunt valve that connects fuel feed pipe and fuel discharge pipe, with the 2nd shunt valve of generating raw material supplying fuel discharge pipe, the 2nd shunt valve is connected with fuel discharge pipe at the upstream side of the residual fuel of relative the 1st shunt valve, therefore, the generating raw material is circulated in fuel discharge pipe 5, and fuel cell can not become air-tight state, therefore, the fuel cell internal pressure can not take place rise the situation of fuel cell breakage.
Fuel-cell device of the present invention, when the gas passage switching device shifter was arranged on fuel discharge pipe, the temperature that lowers the gas that flows in the gas passage switching device shifter became possibility, when promptly using valve etc. to constitute the gas passage switching device shifter, its temperature can be lowered, thereby, the installation cost step-down.
Fuel-cell device of the present invention when having the flow regulator of generating raw material on the 2nd shunt valve, can be kept fuel gas from the generating necessary amount to fuel cell that supply with and make the fuel cell can stable operation.
Relative fuel feed pipe and the downstream of the fuel gas of the connecting portion of 1st shunt valve when having filter of fuel-cell device of the present invention on fuel feed pipe, before and after the operation of fuel cell, make the circulation in the other direction of gas and fuel gas stream, the refuse that is deposited in filter is burnt in burner or be discharged to the outside, therefore filter does not need to change, apparatus structure becomes simply, and installation cost descends, and for ease of maintenaince.
When fuel-cell device of the present invention has the fuel-side air feeder of air fueling maker, before and after the fuel-cell device operation, do not need nitrogen is circulated in fuel gas channel, so just do not need nitrogen cylinder, installation cost is reduced.At the remaining quantity of nitrogen after a little while, the fault that so-called device can not move can not take place.
Fuel-cell device of the present invention, owing to have the filter that is arranged on the fuel feed pipe, and be arranged on the fuel discharge pipe make conversion agent by fuel cell, be passed to the conversion agent feedway of upstream side of the fuel gas of relative filter, so before and after the fuel-cell device operation, make the circulation in opposite direction of conversion agent and fuel gas stream, the refuse that is deposited in filter is burnt in burner or be discharged to the outside.Therefore, do not need to change filter, make apparatus structure become simple.
Claims (8)
1. fuel-cell device, possesses the fuel cell that utilizes fuel and oxidant to produce electric power, produce the fuel maker of hydrogen-containing fuel gas by the generating raw material, the fuel feed pipe of the described fuel cell of fuel gas supply that described fuel maker is produced, the residual fuel that does not consume in the described fuel cell is imported the fuel discharge pipe of the burner of described fuel maker, the 1st shunt valve that connects described fuel feed pipe and described fuel discharge pipe, the 2nd shunt valve with the described fuel discharge pipe of described generating raw material supplying, be arranged on the gas passage switching device shifter A of the connecting portion of described fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve, it is characterized in that the 2nd shunt valve is connected with described fuel discharge pipe with the upstream side of the described residual fuel of the connecting portion of the 1st shunt valve at relative its.
2. the described fuel-cell device of claim 1, its feature also is to have the flow regulator of described generating raw material on the 2nd shunt valve.
3. the described fuel-cell device of claim 1, its feature also be, in the downstream with respect to the fuel gas of the connecting portion of described fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve, and is provided with filter with respect to the upstream side of fuel cell.
4. the described fuel-cell device of claim 1, its feature also is to possess to the air fed fuel-side air feeder of described fuel maker.
5. fuel-cell device, possesses the fuel cell that utilizes fuel and oxidant to produce electric power, produce the fuel maker of hydrogen-containing fuel gas by the generating raw material, the fuel feed pipe of the fuel gas supply aforementioned fuel cells that described fuel maker is produced, the residual fuel that does not consume in the described fuel cell is imported the fuel discharge pipe of the burner of described fuel maker, the 1st shunt valve that connects described fuel feed pipe and described fuel discharge pipe, the 2nd shunt valve with the described fuel discharge pipe of described generating raw material supplying, be arranged on the gas passage switching device shifter B of the connecting portion of described fuel discharge pipe and the 1st shunt valve, it is characterized in that the 2nd shunt valve is connected with described fuel discharge pipe with the upstream side of the described residual fuel of the connecting portion of the 1st shunt valve at relative its.
6. the described fuel-cell device of claim 5, its feature also is to have the flow regulator of described generating raw material on the 2nd shunt valve.
7. the described fuel-cell device of claim 5, its feature also be, in the downstream with respect to the fuel gas of the connecting portion of described fuel feed pipe and the 1st shunt valve, and is provided with filter with respect to the upstream side of fuel cell.
8. the described fuel-cell device of claim 5, its feature also is to possess to the air fed fuel-side air feeder of described fuel maker.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001358904 | 2001-11-26 | ||
| JP2001358904A JP3824911B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2001-11-26 | Fuel cell system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1421947A true CN1421947A (en) | 2003-06-04 |
| CN1190860C CN1190860C (en) | 2005-02-23 |
Family
ID=19170004
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021526427A Expired - Fee Related CN1190860C (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2002-11-26 | Fuel battery apparatus |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6841286B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1315225A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3824911B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100487667B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1190860C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111048804A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Oxygen supply method, oxygen supply system and control system for hydrogen fuel cell |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005044684A (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-02-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fuel cell power generation apparatus |
| JP4550385B2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2010-09-22 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | Hydrogen production apparatus and fuel cell system |
| JP4513572B2 (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2010-07-28 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Power supply system, control device for power supply system, and control method for power supply system |
| JP4555169B2 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2010-09-29 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Fuel cell and fuel cell stack |
| US20080152963A1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-26 | Rebecca Dinan | Estimating fuel flow in a fuel cell system |
| JP2011216347A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Eneos Celltech Co Ltd | Fuel cell system, and starting method thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4810595A (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1989-03-07 | New Energy Development Organization | Molten carbonate fuel cell, and its operation control method |
| JPH0668894A (en) | 1992-08-20 | 1994-03-11 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Fuel cell generator and its gas purging method at starting |
| JP2001176528A (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-29 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| US6797420B2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2004-09-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Power generation device and operation method therefor |
| US6416893B1 (en) * | 2000-02-11 | 2002-07-09 | General Motors Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling combustor temperature during transient load changes |
| JP3543717B2 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2004-07-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Catalytic combustor |
| JP3700603B2 (en) * | 2001-04-06 | 2005-09-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| US6976353B2 (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2005-12-20 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for operating a fuel reformer to provide reformate gas to both a fuel cell and an emission abatement device |
-
2001
- 2001-11-26 JP JP2001358904A patent/JP3824911B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-11-25 EP EP02026181A patent/EP1315225A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-25 US US10/303,557 patent/US6841286B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-25 KR KR10-2002-0073450A patent/KR100487667B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-26 CN CNB021526427A patent/CN1190860C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111048804A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Oxygen supply method, oxygen supply system and control system for hydrogen fuel cell |
| CN111048804B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-06-04 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Oxygen supply method, oxygen supply system and control system for hydrogen fuel cell |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2003157876A (en) | 2003-05-30 |
| US6841286B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 |
| CN1190860C (en) | 2005-02-23 |
| EP1315225A3 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| JP3824911B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 |
| KR20030043703A (en) | 2003-06-02 |
| US20030099875A1 (en) | 2003-05-29 |
| KR100487667B1 (en) | 2005-05-03 |
| EP1315225A2 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
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