CN1417393A - Prepn of polyacrylonitrile-base high-performance raw carbon fiber - Google Patents
Prepn of polyacrylonitrile-base high-performance raw carbon fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN1417393A CN1417393A CN 02155488 CN02155488A CN1417393A CN 1417393 A CN1417393 A CN 1417393A CN 02155488 CN02155488 CN 02155488 CN 02155488 A CN02155488 A CN 02155488A CN 1417393 A CN1417393 A CN 1417393A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the preparation of high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber. Acrylonitrile, itaconic acid and methyl methacrylate in a certain weight proportion are reacted to obtain spinning dope, and the spinning dope is made into greign fiber of high-performance carbon fiber through filtering, solidification, water washing, drafting in hot water, oiling, drying and densifying, re-oiling, drying and densifying for the second time, steam drafting and drying setting. The present invention has the advantages of high drafting rate, homogeneous fibre structure, and small mechanical performance variation coefficient.
Description
Affiliated field: the invention belongs to a kind of preparation method of fiber precursor, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor.
Background technology:
Common polyacrylonitrile fibril spinning technique generally adopts filter cloth and common absorbent cotton about 400 orders to carry out the filtration of spinning solution.Though such filter method can filter out the impurity particle in the stoste, powerless for the gel particles below the 5 μ m, and if these gel particles are not removed, will in precursor, cause small defective, thereby influence the precursor performance.
The coagulating bath process is the most important processing step that influences the precursor performance.Wherein, the temperature of coagulating bath and concentration are two important technical parameters.Increase coagulating bath concentration, help slowing down the strand that solidifies that the double diffusion process of nascent strand in coagulating bath obtains densification, help the acquisition of high-performance precursor thereby reduce coagulation bath temperature.Must cause solidifying solvent higher in the strand and improve coagulating bath concentration, increase the concentration difference of solidifying between strand and the rinsing bowl, cause the skin-core structure of precursor easily, destroy the degree that homogenizes of precursor.
Common polyacrylonitrile fibril spinning technique generally adopts 1～2 grade of boiling water draft process, and nascent strand carries out 3～4 times high magnification drawing-off in boiling water.But for high molecular, full-bodied spinning solution is difficult to carry out the drawing-off of big multiplying power.
Common polyacrylonitrile fibril spinning technique generally adopts hot air drier or infrared hot plate to carry out the compacting by drying of fiber after the drawing-off.But it is inhomogeneous to adopt such technology to cause strand to be heated easily, thereby influences the even uniformity of precursor microstructure, and then causes the coefficient of variation of precursor mechanical property to increase.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that spins high-performance polyacrylonitrile-based charcoal fiber precursor.The drawing-off multiplying power of strand when this method can effectively improve spinning, and made precursor even structure, the coefficient of variation of mechanical property is little.Preparation method of the present invention comprises the steps; (1) preparation of spinning solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate is by 92～99: 0.1～2: add reactor after 0.01～6 the weight ratio blend, with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is solvent, the temperature of polymerisation is controlled between 60～75 ℃, temperature range is 60～70 ℃ preferably, 10～40 hours reaction time, reaction time preferably was controlled at 20～25 hours, and it is 14～200,000 that polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 2.0～3.5, the molecular weight of made PAN resin is preferably 16～180,000, molecular weight distribution 2.0～3.0, the weight content of PAN resin is 15～25% in the spinning solution, the content of PAN resin is preferably in 18～22% the scope in the spinning solution; (2) filtration of spinning solution
Spinning solution filters by the filtering material of 0.5～5 μ m.Preferably adopt the filtering material of 0.5～3 μ m to filter; (3) coagulation forming of spinning solution
Adopt wet method or dry-jet wet spinning spinning, after fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath, first order coagulation bath temperature is 0～20 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 45～65wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 0.5～2min; After solidifying strand and going out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath, the temperature of second level coagulating bath is 5～25 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 30～45wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 10～60 seconds; After solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enter third level coagulating bath, coagulation bath temperature is 10～30 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 10～25wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 5～30 seconds, obtains solidifying strand; (4) solidify the washing of strand
To solidify strand and wash, 40～80 ℃ of washing temperature.After washing, obtain the washing silk, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is less than 0.01wt%; (5) the hot water drawing-off of washing silk
The washing strand carries out 3～6 grades of hot water drawing-offs, and the temperature of hot water drawing-off is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 30～70 ℃, and the temperature of last hot water storgae is 80～90 ℃, and the thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 5～20 ℃, and the total draft multiplying power of washing strand in hot water storgae is 2～7 times; (6) oil agents
Strand after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time, and institute's oil agent is this AV2250 smooth agent of joining antistatic additive or the production of advanced company, and finish is mixed with the emulsion of 0.1～5wt% in water by the emulsification method of routine; (7) primary drying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 4～8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80～120 ℃, the temperature of last hot-rolling is 130～160 ℃, and the thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10～20 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is preferably 130～140 ℃, behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 0.05～2wt%; (8) secondary oil agent
The strand of compacting by drying carries out oiling the second time through the first time.The finish that is adopted that oils for the second time is the emulsion that dimethyl siloxane or the dimethyl siloxane that passes through ether modification and ammonia modification are prepared in water by emulsification method.Oil content in this emulsion is 0.1～5wt%; (9) redrying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 4～8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80～120 ℃, the temperature of last hot-rolling is 130～160 ℃, thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10～20 ℃, the temperature of last hot-rolling is preferably 130～140 ℃, behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 0.1～3wt% on the strand; (10) steam drafting
The strand of compacting by drying carries out drawing-off through the second time, strand 1.5～5 times of drawing-offs under 130-180 ℃ of high temperature, used drawing-off medium is an air, also can be overheated steam or saturated steam, high temperature drawing-off medium is saturated steam preferably, and the pressure of water vapour is 0.1～0.4Mpa; (11) dry heat typing
Strand through steam drafting carries out the dry heat typing by 4～8 grades of hot-rollings, and the initial temperature of hot-rolling is 100～130 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 140～170 ℃, and the thermograde between the hot-rolling is 5～10 ℃.Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
A) employing of secondary filter measure has reduced the gel particles in the spinning solution effectively.Be reduced to 50/L after the filtration greater than the particle of 0.2 μ m by 1000/L before filtering in the spinning solution after the filtration.Filter the intensity of back fiber that stoste is spun and do not compare with filtering stoste, intensity is brought up to 7.5g/d by 5.2g/d.The coefficient of variation of intensity has 4.5%, is reduced to 0.98%.
B) adopt multistage coagulating bath system to make to enter and solidify that solvent effectively reduces in the strand before the rinsing machine, reduced the skin-core structure odds.Improved the degree that homogenizes of precursor.
C) employing of multistage hot water drawing-off technology has improved the drawing-off multiplying power of fiber under the same conditions than the method that only adopts the boiling water drawing-off.
D) the heating problem of non-uniform that heated dry air heating and infrared panel heating are caused has been avoided in the employing of multistage hot-rolling.Strand progressively heats up, and moisture scatters and disappears step by step, homogeneous heating, and the strand coefficient of variation is little
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment one
1, the preparation of spinning solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate add reactor after by 96: 1: 3 weight ratio blend, are being solvent with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the temperature of polymerisation is controlled at 75 ℃.In 10 hours reaction time, it is 140,000 that continuous polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 3.5, and to make the weight content of PAN resin in the spinning solution be 20%.
2, the filtration spinning solution of silk stock solution carries out secondary filter by the filtering material of 5 μ m.
3, the coagulation forming of silk stock solution adopts the dry-jet wet spinning spinning, after fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath, first order coagulation bath temperature is 0 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 45wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is after 2min solidifies strand and goes out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath, the temperature of second level coagulating bath is 10 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 35wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 50 seconds.After solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enter third level coagulating bath, coagulation bath temperature is 20 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 20wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 25 seconds.Obtain solidifying strand.
4, after the washing of strand is solidified strand and gone out third level coagulating bath, wash.50 ℃ of washing temperature, after washing, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is 0.006%.
5, wash the hot water drawing-off washing of silk after, strand enters 3 grades of hot water drafting systems.The temperature of hot water drafting system is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 40 ℃.The temperature of last hot water storgae is 80 ℃.Thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 20 ℃.The total draft multiplying power of strand in hot water storgae is 3 times.
6, the strand of an oil agent after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time.Institute's oil agent is joined the emulsion that forms 0.1wt% by conventional emulsification method emulsification by this.
7, the strand behind the compacting by drying oil agent first time carries out compacting by drying by 4 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 140 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 20 ℃, and behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 0.05wt%.
8, the strand of the secondary oil agent process compacting by drying first time carries out oiling the second time.The finish that adopted of oiling for the second time is the emulsion that the dimethyl siloxane of ether modification is prepared in water by conventional emulsification method.Oil content in this emulsion is 1wt%.
9, the strand behind the redrying densification oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 6 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 100 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 150 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃.Behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 0.4wt% on the strand.
10, the strand of the steam drafting process compacting by drying second time carries out the drawing-off of high temperature high magnification.Strand 3.5 times of drawing-offs under 130 ℃ of hot environments.Used drawing-off medium is a saturated steam.The pressure of water vapour is 0.2MPa.
11, the dry heat typing is carried out the dry heat typing through the strand of steam drafting by 4 grades of hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 120 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 150 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃.
12, made precursor performance fiber number: 1.18 dawn, intensity: 6.2 grams of force per Denier, extension at break: 9.0%, modulus: 105 grams of force per Denier
Embodiment two
1, the preparation of silk stock solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate add reactor after by 92: 2: 6 weight ratio blend, by the method for polymerisation in solution, are being solvent with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the temperature of polymerisation is controlled at 70 ℃.In 20 hours reaction time, it is 200,000 that continuous polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 3.0, and the weight content of PAN resin is 23% in the silk stock solution.
2, the filtration of spinning solution
Spinning solution carries out secondary filter by the filtering material of 2.0 μ m.
3, the coagulation forming of stoste
Adopt the dry-jet wet spinning spinning, after fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath, first order coagulation bath temperature is 20 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 65wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 0.5min; After solidifying strand and going out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath, the temperature of second level coagulating bath is 25 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 45wt% in the coagulating bath.Setting time is 10 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enters third level coagulating bath, and coagulation bath temperature is 30 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 25wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 5 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, washes.
4, solidify the washing of strand
After solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, wash.60 ℃ of washing temperature.After washing, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is 0.005%.
5, wash the hot water drawing-off of silk
After the washing, strand enters 6 grades of hot water drafting systems.The temperature of hot water drafting system is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 30 ℃.The temperature of last hot water storgae is 80 ℃.Thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 10 ℃.The total draft multiplying power of strand in hot water storgae is 4.0 times.
6, oil agent
Strand after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time.Institute's oil agent is joined the emulsion that forms 5wt% by conventional emulsification method emulsification by this.
7, primary drying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 150 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃, and behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 2wt%.
8, oil agent for the second time
The strand of compacting by drying carries out oiling the second time through the first time.The finish that adopted of oiling for the second time is the emulsion that the dimethyl siloxane of ether modification is prepared in water by conventional emulsification method.Oil content in this emulsion is 0.1wt%.
9, redrying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 4 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 140 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 20 ℃.Behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 1wt% on the strand.
10, steam drafting
The strand of compacting by drying carries out the drawing-off of high temperature high magnification through the second time.Strand 2.5 times of drawing-offs under 150 ℃ of hot environments.Used drawing-off medium is a saturated steam.The pressure of water vapour is 0.1MPa.
11, dry heat typing
Strand through steam drafting carries out the dry heat typing by 8 grades of hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 100 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 170 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃.
12, made precursor performance
Fiber number: 1.185 dawn, intensity: 6.9 grams of force per Denier, extension at break: 11.3%, modulus: 97 grams of force per Denier
Embodiment three
1, the preparation of spinning solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate add reactor after by 93.5: 0.7: 4.8 weight ratio blend, by the method for polymerisation in solution, are being solvent with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the temperature of polymerisation is controlled at 60 ℃.In 40 hours reaction time, it is 180,000 that continuous polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 2.5.The weight content of PAN resin is 18% in the spinning solution.
2, the filtration of spinning solution
Spinning solution carries out secondary filter by the filtering material of 3 μ m.
3, the coagulation forming of spinning solution adopts the dry-jet wet spinning spinning, after fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath, first order coagulation bath temperature is 10 ℃, the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 50wt% in the coagulating bath, setting time is 1.5min, after solidifying strand and going out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath, the temperature of second level coagulating bath is 5 ℃, the content 30wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the coagulating bath, setting time is 60 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enters third level coagulating bath, coagulation bath temperature is 10 ℃, the content 10wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the coagulating bath.Setting time is 30 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, washes.
4, solidify the washing of strand
After solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, wash.40 ℃ of washing temperature.After washing, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is 0.008%.
5, the hot water drawing-off of washing silk
After the washing, strand enters 4 grades of hot water drafting systems.The temperature of hot water drafting system is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 60 ℃.The temperature of last hot water storgae is 90 ℃.Thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 10 ℃.The total draft multiplying power of strand in hot water storgae is 7.0 times.
6, oil agent
Strand after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time.Institute's oil agent is joined the emulsion that forms 0.5wt% by conventional emulsification method emulsification by this.
7, primary drying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 6 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 100 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 150 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃, and behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 0.2wt%.
8, oil agent for the second time
The strand of compacting by drying carries out oiling the second time through the first time.The finish that is adopted that oils for the second time is that dimethyl siloxane passes through the emulsion that conventional emulsification method is prepared in water.Oil content in this emulsion is 5wt%.
9, redrying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by individual hot-rolling.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 90 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 130 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃.Behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 3wt% on the strand.
10, steam drafting
The strand of compacting by drying carries out the drawing-off of high temperature high magnification through the second time.Strand 1.5 times of drawing-offs under 140 ℃ of hot environments.Used drawing-off medium is a saturated steam.The pressure of water vapour is 0.4MPa.
11, dry heat typing
Strand through steam drafting carries out the dry heat typing by 6 grades of hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 110 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 135 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 5 ℃.
12, made precursor performance
Fiber number: 1.185 dawn, intensity: 6.3 grams of force per Denier, extension at break: 10.4%, modulus: 112 grams of force per Denier.
Embodiment four
1, the preparation of spinning solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate is by 95: 0.1.5: adding reactor after 3.5 the weight ratio blend, by the method for polymerisation in solution, is being solvent with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the temperature of polymerisation is controlled at 65 ℃.In 25 hours reaction time, it is 170,000 that continuous polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 2.0.The weight content of PAN resin is 19% in the spinning solution.
2, the filtration of spinning solution
Spinning solution carries out secondary filter by the filtering material of 4 μ m.
3, the coagulation forming of spinning solution
Adopt the dry-jet wet spinning spinning.After fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath.First order coagulation bath temperature is 5 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 55wt% in the coagulating bath.Setting time is 1.5min, after solidifying strand and going out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath, the temperature of second level coagulating bath is 15 ℃, the content 40wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 30 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enter third level coagulating bath, coagulation bath temperature is 20 ℃, the content 10wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the coagulating bath.Setting time is 10 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, washes.
4, solidify the washing of strand
After solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, wash.80 ℃ of washing temperature.After washing, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is 0.005%.
5, the hot water drawing-off of washing silk
After the washing, strand enters 5 grades of hot water drafting systems.The temperature of hot water drafting system is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 50 ℃.The temperature of last hot water storgae is 90 ℃.Thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 10 ℃.The total draft multiplying power of strand in hot water storgae is 4.5 times.
6, oil agent for the first time
Strand after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time.Institute's oil agent is joined the emulsion that forms 1wt% by conventional emulsification method emulsification by this.
7, primary drying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 4 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 90 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 150 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 20 ℃, and behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 0.4wt%.
8, oil agent for the second time
The strand of compacting by drying carries out oiling the second time through the first time.The finish that is adopted that oils for the second time is that dimethyl siloxane passes through the emulsion that conventional emulsification method is prepared in water.Oil content in this emulsion is 3wt%.
9, compacting by drying for the second time
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 155 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 15 ℃.Behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 2wt% on the strand.
10, steam drafting
The strand of compacting by drying carries out the drawing-off of high temperature high magnification through the second time.Strand 4.5 times of drawing-offs under 180 ℃ of hot environments.Used drawing-off medium is an overheated steam.The pressure of water vapour is 0.15MPa.
11, dry heat typing
Strand through steam drafting carries out the dry heat typing by 5 grades of hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 130 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 158 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 7 ℃.
12, made precursor performance
Fiber number: 1.183 dawn, intensity: 7.0 grams of force per Denier, extension at break: 9.7%, modulus: 125 grams of force per Denier.
Embodiment five
1, the preparation of spinning solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate add reactor after by weight ratio blend in 98: 0.1: 1.9, by the method for polymerisation in solution, are being solvent with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the temperature of polymerisation is controlled at 65 ℃.In 35 hours reaction time, it is 190,000 that continuous polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 3.5.The weight content of PAN resin is 20% in the spinning solution.
2, the filtration of spinning solution
Spinning solution carries out secondary filter by the filtering material of 5 μ m.
3, the coagulation forming of spinning solution
Adopt the dry-jet wet spinning spinning, after fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath, first order coagulation bath temperature is 15 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 50wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 1min, after solidifying strand and going out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath.The temperature of second level coagulating bath is 15 ℃, the content 40wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the coagulating bath, setting time is 1.8 seconds, after solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enter third level coagulating bath, coagulation bath temperature is 20 ℃, the content 15wt% of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in the coagulating bath, and setting time is to coagulate in 25 seconds.Gu strand is washed after going out third level coagulating bath.
4, solidify the washing of strand
After solidifying strand and going out third level coagulating bath, wash.70 ℃ of washing temperature.After washing, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is 0.007%.
5, the hot water drawing-off of washing silk
After the washing, strand enters 3 grades of hot water drafting systems.The temperature of hot water drafting system is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 70 ℃.The temperature of last hot water storgae is 85 ℃.Thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 5 ℃.The total draft multiplying power of strand in hot water storgae is 2 times.
6, oil agent for the first time
Strand after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time.Institute's oil agent forms the emulsion of 3wt% by the AV2250 that advanced company produces by conventional emulsification method emulsification.
7, compacting by drying for the first time
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 5 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 140 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 15 ℃, and behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 1wt%
8, oil agent for the second time
The strand of compacting by drying carries out oiling the second time through the first time.The finish that adopted of oiling for the second time is the emulsion that the dimethyl siloxane of ammonia modification is prepared in water by conventional emulsification method.Oil content in this emulsion is 4wt%.
9, compacting by drying for the second time
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 150 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10 ℃.Behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 1.5wt% on the strand.
10, steam drafting
The strand of compacting by drying carries out the drawing-off of high temperature high magnification through the second time.Strand 5.0 times of drawing-offs under 165 ℃ of hot environments.Used drawing-off medium is an air.
11, dry heat typing
Strand through steam drafting carries out the dry heat typing by 7 grades of hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 100 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 130 ℃.Thermograde between the hot-rolling is 5 ℃.
12, made precursor performance
Fiber number: 1.180 dawn, intensity: 7.5 grams of force per Denier, extension at break: 8.9%, modulus: 132 grams of force per Denier.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) preparation of silk stock solution
Third rare nitrile, itaconic acid, methyl methacrylate is by 92～99: 0.1～2: add reactor after 0.01～6 the weight ratio blend, with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is solvent, and the temperature of polymerisation is controlled between 60～75 ℃, 10～40 hours reaction time, reaction time preferably was controlled at 20～25 hours, it is 14～200,000 that polymerization obtains molecular weight, the PAN resin of molecular weight distribution 2.0～3.5, and the weight content of PAN resin is 15～25% in the spinning solution
(2) filtration of spinning solution
Spinning solution filters by the filtering material of 0.5～5 μ m.Preferably adopt the filtering material of 0.5～3 μ m to filter;
(3) coagulation forming of spinning solution
Adopt wet method or dry-jet wet spinning spinning, after fiber leaves spinneret orifice, enter first order coagulating bath, first order coagulation bath temperature is 0～20 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 45～65wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 0.5～2min; After solidifying strand and going out first order coagulating bath, enter second level coagulating bath, the temperature of second level coagulating bath is 5～25 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 30～45wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 10～60 seconds; After solidifying strand and going out second level coagulating bath, enter third level coagulating bath, coagulation bath temperature is 10～30 ℃, and the content of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is 10～25wt% in the coagulating bath, and setting time is 5～30 seconds, obtains solidifying strand;
(4) solidify the washing of strand
To solidify strand and wash, 40～80 ℃ of washing temperature.After washing, obtain the washing silk, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) content in the washing silk is less than 0.01wt%;
(5) the hot water drawing-off of washing silk
The washing strand carries out 3～6 grades of hot water drawing-offs, and the temperature of hot water drawing-off is arranged from low to high.The temperature of first hot water drawing-off groove is 30～70 ℃, and the temperature of last hot water storgae is 80～90 ℃, and the thermograde between the adjacent hot water drawing-off groove is 5～20 ℃, and the total draft multiplying power of washing strand in hot water storgae is 2～7 times;
(6) oil agents
Strand after the superheated water drawing-off carries out oiling the first time, and institute's oil agent is this AV2250 smooth agent of joining antistatic additive or the production of advanced company, and finish is mixed with the emulsion of 0.1～5wt% in water by the emulsification method of routine;
(7) primary drying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 4～8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80～120 ℃, the temperature of last hot-rolling is 130～160 ℃, and the thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10～20 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is preferably 130～140 ℃, behind the process compacting by drying first time, the residual quantity of strand oil agent is 0.05～2wt%;
(8) secondary oil agent
The strand of compacting by drying carries out oiling the second time through the first time.The finish that is adopted that oils for the second time is the emulsion that dimethyl siloxane or the dimethyl siloxane that passes through ether modification and ammonia modification are prepared in water by emulsification method.Oil content in this emulsion is 0.1～5wt%;
(9) redrying densification
Strand behind the oil agent carries out compacting by drying by 4～8 hot-rollings.The initial temperature of hot-rolling is 80～120 ℃, the temperature of last hot-rolling is 130～160 ℃, thermograde between the hot-rolling is 10～20 ℃, the temperature of last hot-rolling is preferably 130～140 ℃, behind the process compacting by drying second time, silicon is that the residual quantity of finish is 0.1～3wt% on the strand;
(10) steam drafting
The strand of compacting by drying carries out drawing-off through the second time, strand 1.5～5 times of drawing-offs under 130-180 ℃ of high temperature, used drawing-off medium is an air, also can be overheated steam or saturated steam, high temperature drawing-off medium is saturated steam preferably, and the pressure of water vapour is 0.1～0.4Mpa;
(11) dry heat typing
Strand through steam drafting carries out the dry heat typing by 4～8 grades of hot-rollings, and the initial temperature of hot-rolling is 100～130 ℃, and the temperature of last hot-rolling is 140～170 ℃, and the thermograde between the hot-rolling is 5～10 ℃.
2, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1, the temperature range that it is characterized in that the polymerisation described in (1) step is 60～70 ℃.
3, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the reaction time described in (1) step was controlled at 20～25 hours.
4, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the molecular weight of the made PAN resin described in (1) step is preferably 16～180,000, molecular weight distribution 2.0～3.0.
5, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1, the weight content that it is characterized in that PAN resin in the spinning solution described in (1) step is 18～22%.
6, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the spinning solution described in (2) step passes through.0.5 the filtering material of～3 μ m filters.
7, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that last hot-rolling described in (3) step is 130～140 ℃.
8, the preparation method of a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the temperature of last hot-rolling described in (9) step is preferably 130～140 ℃.
9, the preparation method of the described a kind of polyacrylonitrile-radical high-performance carbon fiber precursor of claim 1 is characterized in that the high temperature drawing-off medium described in (10) step is a saturated steam.
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Granted publication date: 20040922 |