CN1417050A

CN1417050A - Vehicle power source monitoring and early warning method and device

Info

Publication number: CN1417050A
Application number: CN 01134553
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄永升
Original assignee: Jinbaida Science & Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-11-02
Filing date: 2001-11-02
Publication date: 2003-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-02
Also published as: CN1267742C

Abstract

The vehicle power source monitoring and warning device is connected parallelly to the vehicle power source, a power crystal is used in the large current instantaneous discharge of the power source to be tested so as to obtain sample voltage precisely. The device is suitable for long time monitoring. The monitoring and warning method includes instantaneous sampling, numerical calculation, result display and other steps. The monitoring and warning device includes a voltage stabilizing circuit, a CPU, a voltage sampling circuit, a current load controlling circuit, and a lamp and horn state display circuit, etc.

Description

The monitoring and pre-alarming method of power supply on vehicle and device

Technical field:

The present invention is a kind of monitoring and pre-alarming method and device of power supply on vehicle, and it is by the sparking of large current load, with the sampling voltage value of the parallel connected end that obtains power supply on vehicle, to monitor for a long time; Wherein, power supply on vehicle is to comprise a battery, an electrical generator or charger.

Background technology:

Press, general battery (as being example) with NP type battery, if discharge current is more little, the time of keeping its regulated output voltage is also just long more, the relation of its discharge characteristic is as shown in Figure 9; And ambient temperature also can influence battery reality can reach the shelf life of battery, the relation of its temperature characterisitic and storage characteristics such as Figure 10, shown in Figure 11 for the capacity that utilizes; Therefore, the life-span of Vehicular battery often on ambient temperature, charge condition, charging duration, and load discharge decide; In addition, if the electrical generator of vehicle has the bad situation of charging, then the electrical equipment of vehicle will consume the electric power of battery in a large number, and battery life will reduce unusually.

Moreover, existing vehicle arrangement, and can't monitor the power supply situation of battery and the charge condition of electrical generator at any time, therefore, people are only in the time can't starting vehicle, via hand inspection, just learn the electricity shortage of battery, and only when battery life reduces unusually,, learn that just the charging of electrical generator is unusual via the specialty maintenance of technical personnel and the measurement of external instrument; So, in the use, desirable part is to the greatest extent arranged in fact not.

Summary of the invention:

Main purpose of the present invention is monitoring and pre-alarming method and device that a kind of power supply on vehicle that can monitor for a long time is provided, and this method and device obviously possess following advantage, feature and purpose:

01, the inventive method is because of being that the switch that utilizes the power crystal to do the short time switches, mesuring battary is carried out the large current load discharge of moment, to obtain sampling voltage value, so very power saving and accurate.

02, the shared volume of apparatus of the present invention is very little, thus can be placed in for a long time on the power supply, to monitor the state of battery at any time.

03, apparatus of the present invention are because of being in parallel with battery and electrical generator (or charger), so also can monitor electrical generator at any time or whether charger is normal.

04, apparatus of the present invention can be set early warning value in system, so that early warning to be provided, to avoid the power drain of battery at one's discretion and the situation of unusual reduction of its life-span takes place.

05, apparatus of the present invention person that also early warning value can be set at the multistage, and the early warning of carrying out multiple stage shows, so that the phase of early warning stage by stage to be provided.

The utility model is for reaching above-mentioned purpose and effect, and the technological means that it adopted comprises: a kind of monitoring and pre-alarming method of power supply on vehicle, and this monitoring and pre-alarming method comprises following step:

(a) step of moment sampling, the switch that utilizes the power crystal to do the short time switches, and the low resistance of connecting, mesuring battary is carried out the large current load discharge of moment, and record a sampling voltage value, and repeat N time according to the setting of system, make system obtain N sampling voltage value;

(b) step of numerical calculation, system-computed goes out the aviation value of sampling voltage;

(c) the right step of numeric ratio, system compares step (b) aviation value of being asked for and the early warning value of setting;

(d) step of result's demonstration, system export step (b) The numerical results to can supply the unit of demonstration, and if the comparison result of step (c) has reached early warning value, then promptly carries out early warning and show;

(e) interval step to be measured according to the setting-up time of system, is carried out the timing of pitch time, to wait for measurement next time;

And step (a) is an observation process to step (d), and step (e) is a process to be measured; By this, can monitor battery status and charge condition for a long time.

Feature of the present invention, technological means, concrete function and specific embodiment, continue describe in detail with graphic, figure number as after:

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the steps flow chart diagram of block of the inventive method;

Fig. 2 is the software flow scheme drawing of the inventive method;

Fig. 2 A is scheme drawing sample time of the inventive method;

Fig. 3 is the block hardware diagram of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment;

Fig. 4 is the block hardware diagram of apparatus of the present invention second embodiment;

Fig. 5 is the block hardware diagram of apparatus of the present invention the 3rd embodiment;

Fig. 6 is the block hardware diagram of apparatus of the present invention the 4th embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment;

Fig. 8, Fig. 8 A are the experimental diagrams of apparatus of the present invention actual measurement;

Fig. 9 is the scheme drawing that concerns of NP type battery discharge characteristic;

Figure 10 is the scheme drawing that concerns of NP type battery temperature characteristic;

Figure 11 is the scheme drawing that concerns of NP type battery storage characteristics.

The specific embodiment:

As shown in Figure 1, be the steps flow chart diagram of block of the inventive method; Wherein, this monitoring and pre-alarming method comprises following step as can be known:

Step 1 is the step of moment sampling, and the switch that utilizes the power crystal to do the short time switches, and discharges with the large current load that mesuring battary is carried out moment, and records a sampling voltage value, and repeat N time according to the setting of system, makes system obtain N sampling voltage value;

Step 2 is steps of numerical calculation, and system-computed goes out the aviation value of sampling voltage;

Step 3 is the right steps of numeric ratio, owing to make right (as Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10) of battery behavior, rapid variation takes place in its characteristic slope latter end of being everlasting, and is difficult to prediction, therefore, system can be set with an early warning value, and the aviation value that step 2 is asked for is right by comparison;

Step 4 is steps that the result shows, system exports The numerical results to can supply the unit of demonstration, and if the comparison result of step 3 has reached early warning value, then promptly carries out early warning and show;

Step 5 is steps to be measured at interval, according to the setting-up time of system, carries out the timing of pitch time, to wait for measurement next time;

And step 1 to step 4 is an observation process, and step 5 is a process to be measured; By this, battery status can be monitored for a long time and whether charge condition is unusual.

Around here should the expositor, the early warning value of step 3 further can be multistage setting person, and then when execution in step 3, the early warning that can carry out multiple stage shows, so that the phase of early warning stage by stage to be provided.

As shown in Figure 2, be the software flow scheme drawing of the inventive method; Wherein, this software flow 10 comprises:

Flow process 11 is that system begins, and the system hardware interrupt vector address is the initial point of software program;

Flow process 12 is system initializations, and the initialization of pin is gone in system cache device and output, with the initial value of setting buffer, open interrupt vector and timer, and defines each root and exports state and initial value into pin;

Flow process 13 is default early warning values;

Flow process 14 is to activate load, activates the power crystal, to increase load current;

Flow process 15 is sampling detectings of voltage, and the detecting time of sampling moment is T1, and in addition, system can be converted by the relational expression of voltage/current, and tries to achieve the electric current of this moment, so also can be the sampling detecting of electric current;

Flow process 16 is to close load, closes the power crystal, to remove load current;

Flow process 17 is judgements of sampling detecting number of times, if when not finishing the default value of N sub-sampling detecting as yet, then gets back to flow process 14 once more, carries out sampling detecting next time, when finishing the default value of N sub-sampling detecting, promptly carries out flow process 18;

Flow process 18 is the aviation values that calculate sampling voltage, also can be the aviation value that calculates sampling current;

Flow process 18a is that numeric ratio is right, and the result and the early warning value of flow process 18 compared;

Flow process 18b is the control display unit, and the result of flow process 18 is exported demonstration, and if flow process 18a comparison result has reached early warning value, promptly carries out early warning and show;

Flow process 18c is timing to be measured, and timer begins to count interlude to be measured, and carries out next flow process 19;

Flow process 19 is that the cycle of sampling detecting is judged, if when the pitch time to be measured that timer is counted does not reach the T2 value of default as yet, then get back to flow process 18c once more, continue timing, when reaching the T2 value of default, promptly get back to flow process 14 once more, carry out the sampling detecting of following one-period;

And flow process 14 can be the major loop in the software flow 10 to the one-period that flow process 19 is detected for sampling.

Should give the expositor more around here, the early warning value of flow process 13 further can be multistage setting person, then shows in the early warning of carrying out multiple stage, and the phase of early warning stage by stage can be provided.

Shown in Fig. 2 A, be scheme drawing sample time of the inventive method; As shown in the figure, X axis is the time, and Y-axis is to being magnitude of voltage; Method then according to the present invention, T1 be carry out voltage instantaneous sampling the detecting time (wherein, the T1 value can be below the 1000 μ sec, and preferred values is 50 μ sec), and T2 is interlude to be measured (also can be result show time), meaning promptly: when finishing the default value of N sub-sampling detecting, show that the result just can upgrade, and T2 also just can count again, reaching the purpose of automatic circulation operation, and then can monitor battery for a long time.

As shown in Figure 3, method is in preferred embodiment according to the present invention, and this monitoring and warning device 20 is in parallel with power supply to be measured 30, and power supply to be measured 30 power supplys come the parallel connection of source device S1 institute to constitute by a battery B2 and other power supply; This monitoring and warning device 20 comprises a mu balanced circuit 21, a CPU22, a voltage sample circuit 23, a current loading control circuit 24, reaches a cresset situation display circuit 25 etc.; Wherein:

This mu balanced circuit 21 is persons working properly of supply CPU22 and pull up circuit, exportable pulsation-free power supply;

This CPU22 is a control single-piece circuit operation, by the detecting sampling of voltage or electric current, to storage data, to numerical calculation, to output as a result etc.;

This voltage sample circuit 23 is every the T2 time, and CPU22 promptly obtains the data of voltage and electric current thus to power supply to be measured, delivers to CPU22 again and processes;

This current loading control circuit 24, be by CPU22 according to software program, the control loaded current loading is with the output electric flux (its immediate current can be adjustable from 1A～300A) of testing power supply 30 to be measured;

This cresset situation display circuit 25 is by the result of CPU22 according to measurement, points out situation with different cresset colors;

When this device connects the circuit of battery B2, electric current is through mu balanced circuit 21, and CPU22 is started working, CPU22 is under unloaded situation, the voltage of battery B2 is read in sampling earlier, again with extremely short sampling detecting time T 1,, and read the voltage of battery B2 this moment via voltage sample circuit 23 samplings via 24 loadings of current loading control circuit;

In pitch time T2 to be measured, read cell pressure N time (N is an optimum value by 2 to 4) with 1 serial sampling of sampling detecting time T, after turning off load control circuit 24, give calculating mean value again, and cresset situation display circuit 25 is delivered in result's output indicated cressets to show situations, read voltage and the internal resistance of correct battery B2 with the large current load discharge, and can reach purpose of power saving, in order to do being beneficial to long-term monitoring or early warning;

Other power supply comes source device S1, can be electrical generator or charger person.

As shown in Figure 4, according to the present invention method in a second embodiment, this monitoring and warning device further can comprise a battery polar reverse protective circuit 26, an audible alarm warning device circuit 27 etc.; Wherein:

This battery polar reverse protective circuit 26 is to avoid positive-negative polarity to connect anti-the damage that may cause, and therefore, even when battery polar is reverse, still can guarantee the safety of apparatus of the present invention;

This audible alarm warning device circuit 27 is that (for example: during battery low-voltage) promptly points out situation with audible alarm when danger by the result of CPU22 according to measurement;

Aging as battery B2, when damaging, second embodiment of apparatus of the present invention except the cresset warning, also can provide alert news with sound simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 5, method is in the 3rd embodiment according to the present invention, and this monitoring and warning device further can comprise a power supply status circuit for detecting 28, an ammeter read out instrument 281 again, reach a digital signal interface conv 282 etc.; Wherein:

This power supply status circuit for detecting 28, CPU22 are promptly obtained the data of test voltage and electric current thus to power supply 30 to be measured, to judge the situation of power supply 30 to be measured, deliver to CPU22 again and process;

This ammeter read out instrument 281 is by the result of CPU22 according to measurement, points out situation with ammeter demonstration numeral;

This digital signal interface conv 282 is by the result of CPU22 according to measurement, can do communication, link via the interface and the external world;

Because apparatus of the present invention are to be parallel to battery B2 and other power supply comes on the source device S1 (can be electrical generator or charger), therefore, when generating or electrically-charged situation, the voltage waveform that parallel connected end measured can obviously upwards promote, by this, can differentiate except battery B2, whether other straight-though power source is arranged, and can switch the detecting mode of different mode by CPU22, to obtain the most correct data; And as generating or when charging situation bad, the voltage waveform that parallel connected end measured can't reach the rising value of expection, by this, can judge power supply 30 to be measured by power supply status circuit for detecting 28 generating or the bad situation of charging are arranged, and make cresset by CPU22 and warn or sound alert news or ammeter numeric display, so that early warning to be provided, to avoid the power drain of battery at one's discretion and the situation of unusual reduction of its life-span takes place.

As shown in Figure 6, method is in the 4th embodiment according to the present invention, and this monitoring and warning device further can comprise a battery temperature sensing circuit 29, a battery temperature perceptron 291 etc. again; Wherein:

This battery temperature sensing circuit 29, it is the temperature that can measure battery by battery temperature perceptron 291, again the characteristic curve of data via the corresponding battery temperature of CPU22, to calculate accurate capacity of cell, and avoid Effect of Environmental the deviation that may cause, and the early warning value of correction setting (because ambient temperature can influence the diagram of curves of battery, as Figure 10, shown in Figure 11); So the 4th embodiment of apparatus of the present invention can monitor battery B2 temperature, and prevent to overcharge or over discharge.

Shown in Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 A, the circuit diagram of apparatus of the present invention preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, wherein, Q1 is that power crystal, R2 are that pressure drop assembly, B3 are that mesuring battary, D4 are the LED indicating device; The experimental diagrams of apparatus of the present invention actual measurement is shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 8 A.

Claims

1. the monitoring and pre-alarming method of a power supply on vehicle, it is characterized in that: this monitoring and pre-alarming method comprises following step:

2. the monitoring and pre-alarming method of power supply on vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this early warning value further can be multistage setting person, and then when execution in step (d), the early warning that can carry out multiple stage shows, so that the phase of early warning stage by stage to be provided.

3. the monitoring and pre-alarming method of a power supply on vehicle, it is characterized in that: this software flow comprises:

(1) system begins, and the system hardware interrupt vector address is the initial point of software program;

(2) system initialization, the initialization of pin is gone in system cache device and output, with the initial value of setting buffer, open interrupt vector and timer, and defines each root and exports state and initial value into pin;

(3) default early warning value;

(4) activate load, activate the power crystal, to increase load current;

(5) sampling of voltage detecting, the detecting time of sampling moment is T1, system can be converted by the relational expression of voltage/current, and tries to achieve the electric current of this moment, so also can be the sampling detecting of electric current;

(6) close load, close the power crystal, to remove load current;

(7) if judgement of sampling detecting number of times when not finishing the default value of N sub-sampling detecting as yet, is then got back to flow process (4) once more, carries out sampling detecting next time, when finishing the default value of N sub-sampling detecting, promptly carries out flow process (8);

(8) aviation value of calculating sampling voltage also can be the aviation value that calculates sampling current;

(9) numeric ratio is right, and the result and the early warning value of flow process (8) compared;

(10) control display unit, and the result of flow process (8) is exported demonstration, while, promptly carry out early warning and show if flow process (9) comparison result has reached early warning value;

(11) timing to be measured, timer begins to count interlude to be measured;

(12) cycle of sampling detecting is judged, if when the pitch time to be measured that timer is counted does not reach the T2 value of default as yet, then gets back to flow process (11) once more, continue timing, when reaching the T2 value of default, promptly get back to flow process (4) once more, carry out the sampling detecting of following one-period;

And flow process (4) can be the major loop in the software flow to the one-period that flow process (12) is detected for sampling.

4. the monitoring and pre-alarming method of power supply on vehicle according to claim 3 is characterized in that, this early warning value further can be multistage setting person, then shows in the early warning of carrying out multiple stage, and the phase of early warning stage by stage can be provided.

5. the monitoring and pre-alarming method of power supply on vehicle according to claim 3 is characterized in that, this T1 value can be below the 1000 μ sec, and preferred values is 50 μ sec; This N value is to be optimum value with 2 to 4.

6. the monitoring and warning device of a power supply on vehicle, this monitoring and warning device is in parallel with power supply to be measured, and comprises a mu balanced circuit, a CPU, a voltage sample circuit, a current loading control circuit, an and cresset situation display circuit etc.; It is characterized in that:

This mu balanced circuit is the person working properly of supply CPU and pull up circuit, exportable pulsation-free power supply;

This CPU is a control single-piece circuit operation, by the detecting sampling of voltage or electric current, to storage data, to numerical calculation, to output as a result etc.;

This current loading control circuit, be by CPU according to software program, the control loaded current loading is to test the output electric flux of power supply to be measured;

This cresset situation display circuit is by the result of CPU according to measurement, points out situation with different cresset colors;

This power supply to be measured is to come the parallel connection of source device institute to constitute by a battery and other power supply;

By this, every the T2 time, CPU promptly is the detecting time of moment sampling with T1, obtains voltage and current data via voltage sample circuit to power supply to be measured, dealing with, and can export measurement to cresset and the demonstration situation is beneficial to long-term monitoring or early warning.

7. the monitoring and warning device of power supply on vehicle according to claim 6 is characterized in that, this other power supply comes source device, can be electrical generator or charger person; This current loading control circuit, its immediate current are adjustable from 1A to 300A.

8. the monitoring and warning device of power supply on vehicle according to claim 6 is characterized in that, this monitoring and warning device further can comprise a battery polar reverse protective circuit, an audible alarm warning device circuit etc.; Wherein:

This battery polar reverse protective circuit is to avoid positive-negative polarity to connect anti-the damage that may cause;

This audible alarm warning device circuit is by the result of CPU according to measurement, when battery low-voltage and battery charger fault, points out situation with audible alarm;

By this, when cell degradation, damage or other power supply come source device bad, can provide alert news by sound.

9. the monitoring and warning device of power supply on vehicle according to claim 8, wherein, this monitoring and warning device further can comprise a power supply status circuit for detecting, an ammeter read out instrument, an and digital signal interface conv etc. again; It is characterized in that:

This power supply status circuit for detecting, CPU are promptly obtained the data of test voltage and electric current thus to power supply to be measured, to judge the situation of power supply to be measured, deliver to CPU again and process;

This ammeter read out instrument is by the result of CPU according to measurement, points out situation with ammeter demonstration numeral;

This digital signal interface conv is by the result of CPU according to measurement, can do communication, link via the interface and the external world;

By this, can determine whether other straight-though power source is arranged, and can switch the detecting mode of different mode by CPU, and can judge power supply to be measured by the power supply status circuit for detecting and have or not the generating or the bad situation of charging, and make cresset by CPU and warn or sound alert news or ammeter numeric display, so that early warning to be provided.

10. the monitoring and warning device of power supply on vehicle according to claim 9, wherein, this monitoring and warning device further can comprise a battery temperature sensing circuit, a battery temperature perceptron etc. again; It is characterized in that:

This battery temperature sensing circuit, be to measure battery temperature by the battery temperature perceptron, again the characteristic curve of data, to calculate accurate capacity of cell via the corresponding battery temperature of CPU, and avoid Effect of Environmental the deviation that may cause, and revise the early warning value of setting; By this, can monitor battery temperature, and prevent to overcharge or over discharge.