CN1404688A - 利用观测到的副本信息线索进行节目分类的装置和方法 - Google Patents

利用观测到的副本信息线索进行节目分类的装置和方法 Download PDF

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CN1404688A
CN1404688A CN01805182A CN01805182A CN1404688A CN 1404688 A CN1404688 A CN 1404688A CN 01805182 A CN01805182 A CN 01805182A CN 01805182 A CN01805182 A CN 01805182A CN 1404688 A CN1404688 A CN 1404688A
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K·V·德瓦拉
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H60/00—Arrangements for broadcast applications with a direct linking to broadcast information or broadcast space-time; Broadcast-related systems
    • H04H60/68—Systems specially adapted for using specific information, e.g. geographical or meteorological information
    • H04H60/72—Systems specially adapted for using specific information, e.g. geographical or meteorological information using electronic programme guides [EPG]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
    • H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/26603—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel for automatically generating descriptors from content, e.g. when it is not made available by its provider, using content analysis techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/08—Systems for the simultaneous or sequential transmission of more than one television signal, e.g. additional information signals, the signals occupying wholly or partially the same frequency band, e.g. by time division
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
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Abstract

一种对节目分类的方法，包括接收与节目关联的副本信息，识别副本信息许多线索中的至少一个线索，其中许多线索中的每一个都与一种节目类型关联，将从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中的至少一个同节目类型相互关联，并根据从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中的至少一个线索的相互关系对节目分类。

Description

利用观测到的副本信息线索进行节目分类的装置和方法
发明领域
本发明针对节目分类，更具体而言，针对利用在副本信息中观测到的线索对电视节目的分类。
背景技术
电视节目分类是已知的并用在许多分析电视广播信号的装置和方法中。传统上节目分类是由包含在电视广播信号中的电子节目指南(EPG)数据确定的。但是，当EPG数据不可用或未包含在电视广播信号中时，节目分类就不能很容易地识别。此外，用于各种不同检索/浏览目的的更好的分类只用EPG信息是不容易实现的。
发明概述
因此本发明的一个目的是提供一种根据在拥有节目信号的副本信息中观测到的线索对节目类型进行分类的方法。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种不使用EPG数据对节目类型进行分类的方法。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种克服已知节目分类方法固有缺点的节目分类方法。
根据本发明的一种形式，对节目进行分类的方法包括接收与节目关联的副本信息，识别副本信息许多线索中的至少一个线索，该许多线索中的每一个都与一种节目类型关联，将从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中的至少一个线索同节目类型相互关联，并根据从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中至少一个线索的相互关系对节目进行分类。
联系相应附图，本发明以上的和其它的目的、特点和优点将从以下对其详细的描述中变得非常明白。
附图简述
图1是根据本发明利用在副本信息中观测到的线索的节目分类系统的方框图；及
图2是根据本发明利用在副本信息中观测到的线索的节目分类方法的流程图。
优选实施例详述
现在参考图1，将描述本发明装置的一种优选实施例。装置100包括用于接收优选地包括副本信息的音频/数据/视频信号的视频输入端口102。耦合到该视频输入端口102的是从音频/数据/视频输入信号中提取副本信息的副本信息提取器104。如果音频/数据/视频输入信号中不包括副本信息(例如，字幕文本)，则副本信息可以使用已知的语音到文本生成技术来产生(或从第三方提供者那里获得)。一旦输入信号的副本信息部分被提取出来，它就被提供给线索提取器106用于分析。
线索提取器106耦合到包含许多线索集的知识库108，每个线索集都同一种特定的节目分类相关。线索提取器监视该副本信息中存在于知识库的线索的出现。线索通常涉及表示在节目中将要发生或已经发生的某个事件的句子、短语或单词。以下是一个在谈话节目副本信息中识别的线索类型的实例。
介绍线索：例如，第一位客人，下一位客人......
媒介线索：例如，欢迎，唯一一位......
表示商业广告节目的桥梁线索：例如，我们将马上回来......
退场线索：例如，大家晚安，下星期，谢谢您观看......
一个时间数据库110耦合到知识库并向线索提取器提供关于特定线索在时间上应当位于什么接近位置的信息。如果在“第一”及时线索被识别出以后，“第二”及时线索未能在特定的预定时间内被识别出，装置就确定“第一”及时线索是被不正确地识别或“第二”及时线索被漏掉了。因此，这些线索被放弃且线索提取器识别一组新的“第一”和“第二”线索。如果“第二”及时线索在由时间数据库定义的特定预定时间内被识别出，则“第一”和“第二”线索都存储在存储器中，而且应当指出它们表示一种特定的节目类型。一旦用于副本信息分析的预定时间段结束，由分类器112做出确定来发现哪种节目类型更能匹配从副本信息中提取出的线索。识别出最多数目线索的节目类型由分类器112来确定。相应的节目类型是作为节目分类的输出。
现在参考图2，示出了基于在副本信息中观测到的线索进行节目分类的方法。术语“副本信息”表示文本，例如，字幕文本，它拥有视频(电视)节目传输(音频/数据/视频)信号且符合视频节目的语音和非语音事件，或其它象EPG数据的文本信息。副本信息可以从视频文本或屏幕文本(例如，通过探测视频的副标题)中获得并将光学字符识别(OCR)应用到提取出的文本，如于1999年11月17日提交的标题为“视频流分类信号隔离方法和系统”的USSN 09/441,943和于1999年11月17日提交的标题为“应用到神经网络的带形状特征的信号分类”的USSN 09/441,949中所讨论的，其所有公开内容在此引入作为参考。如果音频/数据/视频信号不包括文本部分(即，它不包括副本信息)，则副本信息可以使用已知的技术来产生，如在本领域已知的语音到文本转换技术。副本信息也可以从第三方提供者那里获得，如通过因特网的TV指南。
本发明是基于副本信息可以使用已知的搜索技术进行分析和搜索的知识，如关键词搜索和统计文本索引和检索。通常，该方法包括分析副本信息的句子来确定表示具体节目类型的特定线索(即，单词或短语)的存在。根据这个信息和已知的特定类型节目(新闻节目、谈话节目、体育节目、小组讨论、采访、连续剧)在副本信息中有特定单词和短语的倾向，做出关于节目分类(类型)的确定。
该方法包括确定与节目相关的广播(音频/数据/视频)信号是否包括副本信息(步骤10)。如果广播信号不包括副本信息(在步骤10中是NO)，则副本信息如上面所述来产生，或者从第三方提供者那里获得(步骤12)。
一旦获得了副本信息，该副本信息就被使用已知的自然语言处理方法处理，如关键词搜索和统计文本索引和检索，以便确定特定的线索(即，单词或短语)是否出现在副本信息中(步骤14)。在副本信息中搜索的单词和短语(线索)优选地存储在线索库中。
为了对节目的类型分类，不是一个具体节目的每个句子都需要分析，指出这一点是很重要的。已经发现在对节目类型的分类中分析30秒的副本信息(或者大约5-10个句子)足以提供一个相对高的准确度。还应当注意对文本信息的分析不需要在节目的开头就开始，而是可以在节目的任何部分开始。
一旦特定的线索已经在副本信息中被识别出，每个线索在节目中出现的相应时间被指出(步骤16)。然后，将在副本信息中被识别出的每个线索的出现及其在节目中出现的相应时间同关于特定节目类型的信息数据库进行比较(步骤18)。即，如果与特定短语(如，由谈话节目的主持人介绍第一位客人)相应的具体线索与一关联线索(如，客人在舞台上走动)在时间上最接近，则做出这两个线索关联和有效的确定，而且可以用于帮助提供关于节目分类的确定。但是，如果应当出现在某一特定节目类型(例如，谈话节目)中但不应当在时间上非常接近(例如，第一个线索是谈话节目主持人说“我们的第一位客人......”，而第二个线索是在其中谈话节目主持人说“晚安，下次节目再见”)的线索彼此太接近时，则没有恰当时间定位的线索被忽略。因此，在确定节目分类时，只有恰当时间定位的线索才被考虑。
对节目类型的确定是通过比较从副本文本中识别出的线索同包括节目类型和应当出现在特定节目类型中的线索的查找表(知识库108)。最接近于从副本信息中识别出的恰当时间定位线索的节目类型(根据时间数据库110)作为节目分类的输出。
一些存储在知识库中并且在与新闻节目、连续剧和谈话节目相关的副本信息中被搜索的线索类型的实例在下面列出：
新闻节目——>早上好、记者、报道、xxx报道xxx新闻、我们回来之后、当我们回来时我们、在场的所有人晚安；
连续剧——>欢呼声、掌声、大笑声、格格笑声、门铃；及
谈话节目——>今晚的节目、我们的第一位客人、我们的下一位客人、欢迎xxx。
基于以上实例，很清楚不仅特定的口语单词在副本信息中被搜索以识别节目类型，而且副本信息中典型地为非文字声音的脚注也被分析来对节目进行分类。这些附加的非文字标记包括例如门铃、大笑声、格格笑声、欢呼声和掌声。
已经参考相应附图对本发明具体的优选实施例进行了描述，应当理解本发明并不限于那些明确的实施例，而且在不背离由附加权利要求所定义的本发明范围或主旨的前提下可以由本领域的普通技术人员在其中做各种变化和修改。例如，尽管本发明在其与电视广播信号一起使用的环境下进行了描述，应当预见该系统可以与音频处理器(即，无线电)，能访问因特网以便扫描基于因特网的信号的计算机或任何存储的内容一起使用来创建可以根据本发明被搜索和处理的文本信息。

Claims (9)

1.一种节目分类方法，包括步骤：
接收与节目关联的副本信息(10、12)；
识别副本信息许多线索中的至少一个线索(14)，该许多线索中的每一个都与一种节目类型关联，
将从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中的至少一个线索(18)与节目类型相互关联；及
根据从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中至少一个线索的相互关系对节目进行分类(20)。
2.根据权利要求1的节目分类方法，还包括步骤：
接收包括副本信息的音频/数据/视频信号(10)。
3.根据权利要求1的节目分类方法，还包括步骤：
指出至少一个线索和第二个线索在节目中出现的时间(16)；及
比较该至少一个线索和第二个线索的出现时间(18)来确定该至少一个线索和第二个线索出现的接近程度；
其中如果该出现的接近程度大于一个预定的数值，则在确定节目类别时，该至少第一线索和第二线索被忽略；及
其中如果该出现的接近程度不大于一个预定的数值，则在确定节目类别时，该至少第一线索和第二线索被使用。
4.根据权利要求1的节目分类方法，其中节目分类是新闻节目、谈话节目、体育节目、小组讨论、采访和连续剧中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1的节目分类方法，其中副本信息包括字幕文本。
6.一种节目分类装置，包括
用于从音频/数据/视频输入信号中提取与节目关联的副本信息的副本信息提取器(104)；
用于识别副本信息许多线索中至少一个线索的线索提取器(106)，该许多线索中的每一个都与一种节目类型关联；
将从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中的至少一个线索同节目类型相互关联的知识库(108)；及
用于根据从副本信息中识别出的许多线索中的至少一个线索的相互关系对节目分类的分类器(112)。
7.根据权利要求6的节目分类装置，其中至少一个线索和第二个线索在节目中出现的时间被指出，该装置还包括：
用来比较该至少第一线索和第二线索出现的时间以确定该至少第一线索和第二线索出现的接近程序的时间数据库(110)；
其中如果该出现的接近程度大于一个预定的数值，则在确定节目类别时，该至少第一线索和第二线索被忽略；及
其中如果该出现的接近程度不大于一个预定的数值，则在确定节目类别时，该至少第一线索和第二线索被使用。
8.根据权利要求6的节目分类装置，其中节目分类是新闻节目、谈话节目、体育节目、小组讨论、采访和连续剧中的一种。
9.根据权利要求6的节目分类装置，其中副本信息包括字幕文本。
CN01805182A 2000-12-18 2001-12-10 利用观测到的副本信息线索进行节目分类的装置和方法 Pending CN1404688A (zh)

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