CN1404176A - High-energy sealed colloidal acid-lead battery with lead alloy fiber grid - Google Patents

Abstract

The high-energy battery includes casing, end caps, positive plate, negative plate, partition board, electrolyte, positive pole column, negative pole column, positive terminal, negative terminal, relief valve and connecting part. It features the positive pole slab lattice of Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloy and fiber felt with pole ear, side frame, ribs and lead alloy fiber; the negative pole slab lattice of Pb-Ca-Al alloy wire in silk net structure and with pole ear; and colloidal silicate electrolyte. It has the advantages of high capacity, long service life, low-temperature starting, no environment pollution and corrosion to equipment of acid mist, etc.

Description

High-energy sealed colloidal acid-lead battery with lead alloy fiber grid

The present invention relates to a kind of high-energy sealed colloidal acid-lead battery with lead alloy fiber grid.

In modern humans society, storage battery has become the indispensable part of all trades and professions as the mobile energy.In panoramic storage battery, because lead acid accumulator has advantages such as electric current is big, cell tension is high, material is easy to get, low price, so it is lasting all the time over more than 100 years, volume of production and marketing accounts for first in the storage battery all the time, but because its volume is big, heavy, self discharge is big, the life-span is short, specific energy is low, the fail safe used is unreliable, shortcoming such as acid mist is arranged, restricted its application in a lot of fields.

For the performance and the operating characteristic that improve lead acid accumulator, number of research projects has been done by various countries, has worked out the cathode absorption type sealed lead acid storage battery in middle nineteen sixties, and the seventies is produced sealed cell in a large number.The research of sealed cell successfully makes ancient lead acid accumulator increase vigor, and the demand of this battery is once increased with the annual growth of 30%-40%, has arrived the eighties and has just reached balance after mid-term.As the U.S., Japan, West Germany, Britain, France or the like country, seriation of this sealed lead acid battery product and commercialization.

The Research on Small Sealed Lead work of China is started late, but growth momentum is very violent, many producers have introduced the equipment and the technology of level nineties in the world, and sealed cell has replaced most traditional lead acid accumulators, and application is also constantly enlarging.In sealed lead acid storage battery, determining battery quality, as: performance index such as battery capacity, gravimetric specific energy, useful life, standard cycle number of times mainly are the grid and the electrolyte of battery.Select good alloy material for slab lattice and grid structure, the utilance of the conductivity that improves pole plate, active material, decay resistance etc. are had good facilitation.Domestic present grid mainly is to adopt forging type, and electrode plate structure is also nothing more than two kinds of common tubular type and paste spread types.Deficiencies such as exist pole plate specific mass height, capacity is little, and specific energy is low, and it is short to recycle the life-span, and the charging interval is long.The external general lightweight grid that uses, the material of grid alloy mainly contain lead-antimony alloy, low antimony alloy, lead-calcium alloy, lead strontium alloy four big series.Lead-antimony alloy is a typical material of making lead acid accumulator plate grid and bone core, accepts extensively for The Storage Battery Industry in China always.Its advantage is: tensile strength, ductility, hardness and crystal grain invigoration effect obviously are better than pure lead, have casting character preferably, and grid flexible type not when charge and discharge cycles corrodes more evenly than pure lead, with active material adhesion is preferably arranged.In the lead-antimony alloy antimony content initial higher be 7%-12%.Be extensive use of Sb4%-6% at present, even it is lower, but the shortcoming that lead-antimony alloy exists is: the resistance of lead-antimony alloy is big, antimony during charging in the anode plate grid is dissolved in the electrolyte, enter to shift and be deposited on the negative electrode active material, significantly reduce the overpotential that the negative pole of hydrogen is separated out, a part of antimony is adsorbed on the positive active material, also reduced the overpotential that oxygen is separated out at positive pole, effusion toxic gas SbH when overcharging ₃, and the anode plate grid corrosion rate improves with the increase of antimony content in the alloy, and the shortcoming of low antimony alloy is: grid is easy to generate crackle; Its advantage of lead-calcium alloy is that resistance is less, liberation of hydrogen overpotential height, self discharge is little, but because UPS battery and the used grid of some valve-control storage batteries are thinner, the application of endless form is arranged again in addition, the shortcoming of Pb-Ca alloy has just given prominence to like this, creep-resistant property is poor, calcium generation oxidation in casting process, thus the calcium loss is serious, content is wayward, and deep-circulating performance is poor; The shortcoming of lead strontium alloy is when being higher than 37.8 ℃, and the trend of deliquescing was arranged after exposure a period of time, and price is also cheap not as good as plumbous calcium series.Aspect electrolyte, at present, what generally adopt is liquid electrolyte, and its shortcoming is that electrolyte is prone to lamination, has acid mist to overflow, and the life-span of battery is short.

The objective of the invention is to provide a kind of have novel grid and electrolytical high-energy sealed colloidal acid-lead battery with lead alloy fiber grid for the problem that solves above-mentioned existence.

The objective of the invention is to realize in the following manner:

The present invention includes battery case, end cover for battery cells, positive plate, negative plate, dividing plate, electrolyte, Positive Poles, negative pole pole, positive terminal, negative terminal, safety valve, coupling part, it is characterized in that: positive plate adopts lead alloy fibrofelt grid, be provided with lug, frame, rib and lead alloy fiber in the grid, the composition of its alloy material is Pb-Ca-Sn-Al, and each component is by weight being respectively: Pb is that 99.62-99.69%, Ca are that 0.03-0.04%, Sn are that 0.25-0.3%, Al are 0.03-0.04%; Negative plate adopts the grid of the coaxial composite braided screen net structure of lead alloy silk, grid is provided with lug, the composition of its alloy material is Pb-Ca-Al, and each component is that Pb is that 99.41-99.52%, Ca are that 0.08-0.09%, Al are 0.4-0.5% respectively by weight; Electrolyte is by SiO ₂, sulfuric acid, deionized water adopts gas phase SiO ₂The silicate colloid electrolyte that method is synthetic, silicon dioxide accounts for 4%-4.5% by weight in synthetic liquid, and sulfuric acid is 1.28%-1.29% gram/CM ³

Advantage of the present invention is: the capacity that 1, has improved product, anode plate grid is made the active material collector with the lead alloy fibrofelt, its fiber surface area is more a lot of greatly than the surface area of common grid, so active material utilization height, the corresponding raising of capacity, and can fully contact with active material,, make it discharge capacity and give full play to so the internal resistance of this kind pole plate is littler than normal pole plate; And negative electrode grid adopts the composite braided grid of lead alloy, have equally in light weight, surface area is big and the advantage of active material full contact, therefore, under the constant situation of maintenance pole plate weight, can improve the capacity of storage battery greatly; 2, improved life of product, lead alloy of the present invention is special alloy material, and its corrosion resistance is stronger than general alloy, and the lattice of alloy lattice force of gravity casting alloy is tightr, therefore can obtain longer useful life; 3, colloidal electrolyte has improved the cold starting performance of storage battery, has avoided acid mist to the pollution of environment with to the corrosion of equipment simultaneously, has avoided the lamination of electrolyte, and product can arbitrarily be inverted.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of anode plate grid;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of negative electrode grid.

With reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention includes battery case 11 (being electric groove), end cover for battery cells 10, positive plate 7, negative plate 8, dividing plate 6, electrolyte 12, Positive Poles 4, negative pole pole 5, positive terminal 9, negative terminal 3, safety valve 2, coupling part 1, positive plate 7 adopts lead alloy fibrofelt grid, used alloy material is the Pb-Ca-Sn-Al alloy, adopt extruding method to make lead alloy fiber between the 0.25-0.40mm alloy material, on the fiber filament cutter, plumbous fiber is cut into the short fiber that length is 50D-100D, the lead alloy fiber is being spread the upper berth felt moulding of felt machine, can produce the lead alloy fibrofelt of different specification size according to different needs, the shaping fiber felt is carried out sintering in sintering furnace, make and contact between the lead fiber silk firmly, conduct electricity very well, adopt deionized water to clean on this kind felt, after employing is colded pressing and is reached 45% above porosity, carry out hot pressing again, in pressing mold, produce grid rib 15, fiber grid is put into the casting frame cast out frame 14 and lug 13 with the casting ear mold, 16 is the lead alloy fiber in accompanying drawing 2; Negative electrode grid 8 adopts the silk screen grid, and used alloy material is the Pb-Ca-Al alloy, and it is thread that alloy material is made fiber, adopt coaxial combination process, alloy material is made the composite alloy silk, adopt weaving to make silk screen then, in mold, cast out lug 17 at last; Electrolyte 12 is a colloidal electrolyte, adopts gas phase SiO ₂Method is made, SiO ₂Particle size range is 10-20m μ m, and sulfuric acid adopts the concentrated sulfuric acid more than 92%, and is diluted to desired concn with deionized water.

Storage battery of the present invention, its performance index have all surpassed the best level of the not conventional lead acid accumulator in the current world, and the key technical indexes contrast sees the following form:

Storage battery basic mechanical design feature table

Sequence number	The index project	This product index	International indicator	Require index
					??1	Gravimetric specific energy/(wh/kg) (3hr leads)	??42.6	??35-40	??35-40
??2	Volumetric specific energy/(wh/L) (3hr leads)	??105		??80-100
					??3	Gravimetric specific power/(w/Kg) (multiplying power 30 seconds)	??294-387	??269	??150-200
??4	Volumetric specific power/(w/L) (multiplying power 30 seconds)	??726-949		??250
					??5	Recycle the life-span/time	??＞600	??400-600	??400-600
??6	The time limit life-span (annual) by 250 times	??2-3	??2-3	??2-3
					??7	Functional price than (dollar/Kwh)	??＜100	??＜150	??＜150
??8	Charging interval (full electricity charging)/h	??4-6	??8-12	??＜6
					??9	Mend electricity time (charging into 80% fast)/h	??0.25-0.35	??3	??＜0.5

Claims (2)

1, a kind of high-energy sealed colloidal acid-lead battery with lead alloy fiber grid, comprise battery case, end cover for battery cells, positive plate, negative plate, dividing plate, electrolyte, Positive Poles, the negative pole pole, positive terminal, negative terminal, safety valve, the coupling part, it is characterized in that: positive plate adopts lead alloy fibrofelt grid, be provided with lug in the grid, frame, rib and lead alloy fiber, the composition of its alloy material is Pb-Ca-Sn-Al, and each component is by weight being respectively: Pb is 99.62-99.69%, Ca is 0.03-0.04%, Sn is 0.25-0.3%, Al is 0.03-0.04%; Negative plate adopts the grid of the coaxial composite braided screen net structure of lead alloy silk, grid is provided with lug, the composition of its alloy material is Pb-Ca-Al, and each component is that Pb is that 99.41-99.52%, Ca are that 0.08-0.09%, Al are 0.4-0.5% respectively by weight; Electrolyte is by SiO ₂, sulfuric acid, deionized water adopts gas phase SiO ₂The silicate colloid electrolyte that method is synthetic, silicon dioxide accounts for 4%-4.5% by weight in synthetic liquid, and sulfuric acid is 1.28%-1.29% gram/CM ³

2, storage battery according to claim 1, the porosity that it is characterized in that the positive plate grid is more than 45%.

Images