CN1403492A - In-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte - Google Patents
In-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN1403492A CN1403492A CN 02130893 CN02130893A CN1403492A CN 1403492 A CN1403492 A CN 1403492A CN 02130893 CN02130893 CN 02130893 CN 02130893 A CN02130893 A CN 02130893A CN 1403492 A CN1403492 A CN 1403492A
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- microporous membrane
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- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 silicon ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical group CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002573 ethenylidene group Chemical group [*]=C=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
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- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
In the in-situ compounding process of preparing microporous polymer electrolyte, compounded microporous film is prepared through combined phase transferring process and gel-sol process with the copolymer of vinylidene fluoride or hexafluoro propylene as substrate and silicate as the precursor of silica; and the compounded microporous film is then soaked with non-aqueous electrolyte solution to obtain the in-situ compounded polymer electrolyte. During the filming process, steam penetration is utilized for the phase separation of substrate polymer and silica is prepared via the hydrolysis and condensation of silicate in solution. The present invention avoids the aggregation of silica and makes silica combined tightly with the polymer substrate, so that the prepared microporous polymer electrolyte has high conductivity and high electrochemical stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing polymer electrolytes, relate in particular to a kind of preparation method of porous polymer electrolyte.
Technical background
Along with portable type electronic product popularize and the exploitation of electromobile constantly heats up, the application of electrochemical energy storing device such as lithium cell, lithium ion battery, ultra-capacitor is more and more general.Ionogen is the important component part of these electrochemical energy storing device.Present normally used ionogen is a liquid organic electrolyte, its decomposition voltage height and specific conductivity height, but in use have potential safety hazards such as leakage, explosive.Use polymer dielectric to replace liquid electrolyte and can overcome these potential safety hazards.
The polymer dielectric that has practical value at present mainly is gel-type and microporous type, and wherein the polymer dielectric of microporous type more has superiority on using.Porous polymer electrolyte is the earliest by exploitation (the US Patent5 of Bellcore company, 418,091, US Patent 5,540,741), its preparation method is at first to prepare polymer microporous film, forms dielectric film (this step is also referred to as activation) after allowing microporous membrane absorb non-aqueous electrolytic solution then.The method of Bellcore adopts vinylidene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and microporous membrane comprises and films, extracts and activate three steps with the preparation of softening agent extraction process.In the solution of multipolymer, add high boiling softening agent (as dibutyl phthalate etc.) when filming, allow the polymeric film that obtains plasticizer-containing after the solvent evaporates.Extraction is softening agent is extracted to obtain microporous membrane with a kind of lower boiling extraction agent (as methyl alcohol, ether etc.) that can not dissolve polymer.Activation is exactly to allow microporous membrane absorb non-aqueous electrolytic solution obtain porous polymer electrolyte.For specific conductivity and the stability that improves polymer dielectric, also need to add mineral filler (as silicon-dioxide etc.) when filming usually.The performance and the gel-type polymer electrolyte of resulting polymer dielectric are close, and activation step can carry out after finishing with the assembling of electrode, brings great convenience to production.But the method for Bellcore also exists and lacks limit, the one, and complicated process of preparation is particularly filmed and extraction stages need consume a large amount of softening agent and solvent, and has pollution and recovery problem, cost height; Secondly extraction process exists softening agent to be difficult to extraction fully, the problem that extraction process causes the part micropore to subside.
Occurred preparing with phase inversion process the technology of porous polymer electrolyte subsequently, the relief polymers soln of promptly filming is separated under given conditions and makes microporous membrane, obtains porous polymer electrolyte through same activation step then.A kind of typical method is to add the higher non-solvent of boiling point in the solution of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) or its multipolymer, allows solvent evaporates produce to be separated then and makes microporous membrane (F.Boudin et al, J.Power Sources, 1999 (81-82): 804; H.Huang et al, J.PowerSources, 2001 (97-98): 649), the activated again porous polymer electrolyte that makes.This method has overcome the defective of extraction process, and because micron dimension has been brought up in the aperture, specific conductivity has further raising.But this method still will be used a large amount of organic solvents, and the solvent evaporates process still exists more serious pollution and recovery problem.Another kind of phase inversion process is that the steam that allows polymers soln absorb non-solvent is separated and makes microporous membrane, particularly use advantageous (the Q.Shiet al of method of cheap and free of contamination water vapour, J.Power Sources, 2002 (103): 286), it has overcome the pollution problem that a large amount of solvent evaporates is brought well, solvent recuperation also makes things convenient for manyly, thereby has reduced cost.
Phase inversion process particularly uses the phase inversion process of water vapour that great superiority is arranged on preparation technology, but when the compound porous polymer electrolyte of preparation organic-inorganic, there is bigger problem, reason is that the inorganic particulate that directly adds is assembled in micropore easily, particularly the reunion of nanoparticle self is very serious, can't be in polymeric matrix homodisperse, had a strong impact on composite effect.And with inorganic powder particularly the compound of nano-powder be very necessary for the stability that improves porous polymer electrolyte.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, a kind of in-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte is provided, this method can make inorganic particulate be evenly distributed, combine closely with polymeric matrix, composite effect is good, thereby further improves the specific conductivity and the electrochemical stability of polymer dielectric.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) multipolymer of vinylidene and R 1216 is dissolved in is mixed with polymers soln in the solvent, the weight ratio of polymkeric substance and solvent is 1: 3～10;
(2) silicon ester being added in the polymers soln, is catalyzer with acid or alkali, and stirring obtains water white coating liquid, is 0.05～0.2: 1 by the silicon ester of silicon-dioxide calculating and the weight ratio of polymkeric substance wherein;
(3) prepared coating liquid is cast on the substrate, it is that 50～90 ℃ water vapour is handled that substrate is placed temperature, water progresses into coating liquid from vapor phase, make coating liquid be separated, silicon ester generation hydrolysis in the coating liquid and condensation reaction simultaneously generates silicon-dioxide, obtains original position compound wet film;
(4) place deionized water to soak wet film, remove most solvents and by product, again through washing and be drying to obtain the microporous membrane of white;
(5) microporous membrane is immersed in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution, takes out after being filled electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution that removes remained on surface promptly obtains porous polymer electrolyte.
The content of R 1216 is 0～20% in the vinylidene that the present invention adopts and the multipolymer of R 1216, and preferably 5%～15%.The solvent that adopts is N-Methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, one or more in dinethylformamide, the N,N-dimethylacetamide.Described silicon ester is a kind of in tetraethyl silicate, the methyl silicate.Employed acid base catalysator comprises hydrochloric acid or ammoniacal liquor.
In-situ compositing of the present invention is phase inversion process to be prepared microporous membrane and the Prepared by Sol Gel Method silicon dioxide granule combines, silicon dioxide granule is generated in-situ in the forming process of microporous membrane, a large amount of reunions of particle have been avoided, and particle is tight with combining of polymeric matrix, even still can make compound good microporous membrane when dioxide-containing silica is quite high.Compare all by the specific conductivity of the prepared polymer dielectric of this microporous membrane and electrochemical stability and compound tense not and to be significantly improved.In addition, the film-forming process of original position composite micro porous film mainly comprises films and two steps of steam treatment, is easy to implement less investment with conventional device for coating.The coating liquid concentration height of preparation original position composite micro porous film, it is few to consume organic solvent.Film process uses steam treatment, does not have the volatilization of a large amount of solvents, pollutes for a short time, and solvent recuperation also is easy to solution.
The prepared polymer dielectric of the present invention can be used for fields such as lithium cell, lithium ion battery, electrochemical capacitor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c, Fig. 1 d are the original position composite micro porous film and the electron scanning micrograph in the transverse section of compound microporous membrane not.
Fig. 2 is the original position composite micro porous film and the thermal distortion test result of compound microporous membrane under constant pulling force effect not.
Fig. 3 be original position compound with the temperature variant test result of specific conductivity of compound porous polymer electrolyte not.
Fig. 4 is the compound time dependent test result of interface resistance that contacts with lithium electrode with compound porous polymer electrolyte not of original position.
Embodiment
The present invention prepares original position compound microporous membrane with phase inversion process and sol-gel method combination.Concrete grammar is to add to react precursor compound and the little amount of catalyst that generates silicon dioxide granule in polymers soln, steam treatment will be used behind the solution coating, the polymers soln generation microporous membrane that is separated on the one hand, precursor compound issues unboiled water in the catalyzer existence and separates reaction on the other hand, further condensation generates silicon dioxide granule again, has so just formed original position compound microporous membrane.Silicon dioxide granule uniform distribution and combine closely in microporous membrane with polymeric matrix.The original position composite micro porous film is just obtained original position compound porous polymer electrolyte with the non-aqueous electrolytic solution activation.
The polymkeric substance that adopts among the present invention is the multipolymer (P (VDF-co-HFP)) of vinylidene and R 1216, and wherein the unitary weight percent of R 1216 is 0～20%, preferably 5%～15%.The solvent that adopts be can dissolve polymer high bp polar solvent, commonly used have N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (DMSO), N, dinethylformamide (DMF), a N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc).The weight ratio of polymkeric substance and solvent is 1: 3～10.Silicon ester commonly used has tetraethyl silicate (TEOS), methyl silicate (TMOS).The catalyzer that adopts is various acid or alkali, and the most frequently used have hydrochloric acid, ammoniacal liquor, formic acid and a phosphoric acid etc.The time of steam treatment should sufficiently long so that coating liquid takes place to be separated fully and silicon ester reacts completely, obtain the self-supported membrane that can peel off.
The used non-aqueous electrolytic solution of preparation porous polymer electrolyte is dissolved in an alkali metal salt in various carbonates solvents or its mixed solvent and obtains.The negatively charged ion of an alkali metal salt comprises PF
6 -, BF
4 -, AsF
6 -, ClO
4 -, CF
3SO
3 -, N (CF
3SO
3)
2 -Deng, the carbonates solvent comprises NSC 11801 (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), methylcarbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl-methyl carbonic ether (EMC) etc.
Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c, Fig. 1 d are the original position composite micro porous film and the electron scanning micrograph in the transverse section of compound microporous membrane not.Adopt freezing brittle failure method during sample preparation, use cooled with liquid nitrogen, keep the original appearance of section.Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, Fig. 1 c, Fig. 1 d are respectively the electron scanning micrographs of the prepared microporous membrane of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 4 and comparing embodiment.Do not observe the agglomeration of particle in the photo, do not have particle accumulation in the micropore yet, illustrate that compound is respond well.Compare with compound microporous membrane not, the aperture of original position composite micro porous film is littler, and structure is more even.In addition, can see that by photo the microporous membrane structure of different embodiment has obvious difference, illustrate that the structure of microporous membrane can be controlled by the composition and the filming condition of regulating coating liquid.
Fig. 2 is the original position composite micro porous film and the thermal distortion test result of compound microporous membrane under constant pulling force effect not.The main dimensional stability of different microporous membranes when temperature raises, the about 7mm of specimen width, pulling force 0.1N, the 3 ℃/min of temperature rise rate of investigating.Curve A 1, A4, A0 are respectively the test results of the prepared microporous membrane of embodiment 1, embodiment 4 and comparative example among the figure.The result clearly illustrates that with compound microporous membrane not and compares that the original position composite micro porous film still has non-deformability preferably under higher temperature.
Fig. 3 be original position compound with the temperature variant test result of specific conductivity of compound porous polymer electrolyte not.The measurement of specific conductivity is to form the measurement system with two stainless steel obstructive type electrodes and porous polymer electrolyte, measures ac impedance spectroscopy, calculates its specific conductivity again according to this body resistance of trying to achieve dielectric film after the equivalent electrical circuit match, and by the size of film.Curve B 1, B2, B3, B4, B0 are respectively the test results of the prepared porous polymer electrolyte of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 and comparative example among the figure.The result shows that the specific conductivity of the porous polymer electrolyte that embodiment 1 is prepared is compared with comparative example to some extent and descends, but the specific conductivity of the porous polymer electrolyte that embodiment 2,3,4 is prepared is compared with comparative example and is significantly improved, and particularly embodiment 4 improves very remarkable.
Fig. 4 is the compound time dependent test result of interface resistance that contacts with lithium electrode with compound porous polymer electrolyte not of original position.Test system is made up of polymer dielectric film and two metal lithium electrodes, and dielectric film places between two metal lithium electrodes.Interface resistance is obtained by the alternating-current impedance spectrum analysis.Curve C 1, C2, C3, C4, C0 are respectively the test results of the prepared porous polymer electrolyte of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4 and comparative example among the figure.Test result shows that the adding of nano silicon makes interface resistance reduce, and tends towards stability very soon, and particularly the good results are evident for embodiment 4.Illustrate that the microporous type composite polymer electrolyte is significantly improved to the stability of lithium electrode.
Embodiment:
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 10%) 1
NMP 3
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.05
Polymer dissolution is obtained water white viscous fluid in NMP, add TEOS then, splash into weight ratio with polymkeric substance after stirring and be 1%～5% concentrated hydrochloric acid, obtain water white coating liquid after stirring once more.Coating liquid is cast on the washed glass plate, with scraper film liquid is wipeed off, and with gauge control between 200～300 μ m, again the sheet glass that coats is placed 70 ℃ about 3 hours of steam atmosphere, take out after in deionized water, soaking for some time then, use deionized water wash, be drying to obtain the microporous membrane of white after the drying at room temperature again through high-temperature vacuum, thickness is about 100 μ m.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=9.3 * 10
-5S/cm, specific conductivity is with variation of temperature situation such as Fig. 3 (B1).
With the LiPF of above-mentioned microporous membrane at 1mol/L
6EC/DMC/EMC (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) solution in the immersion-section time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtain porous polymer electrolyte, polymer dielectric film is placed between two metal lithium electrodes, measure interface resistance changing conditions such as Fig. 4 (C1) with the storage time.
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 10%) 1
NMP 3
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.1
The preparation method of microporous membrane is identical with embodiment 1.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=1.9 * 10
-3S/cm, specific conductivity is with variation of temperature situation such as Fig. 3 (B2).
With the LiPF of above-mentioned microporous membrane at 1mol/L
6EC/DMC/EMC (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtain porous polymer electrolyte, polymer dielectric film is placed between two metal lithium electrodes, measure interface resistance changing conditions such as Fig. 4 (C2) with the storage time.
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 10%) 1
NMP 3
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.15
The preparation method of microporous membrane is identical with embodiment 1.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=1.8 * 10
-3S/cm, specific conductivity is with variation of temperature situation such as Fig. 3 field 3).
With the LiPF of above-mentioned microporous membrane at 1mol/L
6EC/DMC/EMC (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtain porous polymer electrolyte, polymer dielectric film is placed between two metal lithium electrodes, measure interface resistance changing conditions such as Fig. 4 (C3) with the storage time.
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 10%) 1
NMP 3
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.2
The preparation method of microporous membrane is identical with embodiment 1.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=2.2 * 10
-3S/cm, specific conductivity is with variation of temperature situation such as Fig. 3 (B4).
With the LiPF of above-mentioned microporous membrane at 1mol/L
6EC/DMC/EMC (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtain porous polymer electrolyte, polymer dielectric film is placed between two metal lithium electrodes, measure interface resistance changing conditions such as Fig. 4 (C4) with the storage time.
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 5%) 1
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.1
The preparation method of microporous membrane is identical with embodiment 1, but the used solvent of preparation coating liquid is DMSO, and catalyzer is an ammoniacal liquor.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=1.7 * 10
-3S/cm.
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 15%) 1
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.1
The preparation method of microporous membrane is identical with example one, but the temperature of steam treatment is 50 ℃, and the treatment time is 5 hours.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=1.8 * 10
-3S/cm.
Embodiment 7
The preparation of original position composite silicon dioxide-vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 10%) 1
NMP 8
TEOS (by silicon-dioxide) 0.1
The preparation method of microporous membrane is identical with example one, but the temperature of steam treatment is 90 ℃, and the treatment time is 2 hours.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=1.4 * 10
-3S/cm.
Comparative example
The preparation of vinylidene fluoride copolymers microporous membrane and porous polymer electrolyte
Coating liquid composition mass fraction
P (VDF-co-HFP) (wherein the weight percent of HFP is 10%) 1
By above-mentioned composition prepared polymer solution, after the dissolving fully it is cast on the washed glass plate, with scraper film liquid is wipeed off, and with gauge control between 200～300 μ m, the sheet glass that coats was placed about 70 ℃ steam atmosphere about 3 hours again, in deionized water, take out after immersion for some time then, use deionized water wash, be drying to obtain the microporous membrane of white after the drying at room temperature again through high-temperature vacuum, thickness is about 100 μ m.
With above-mentioned microporous membrane at the LiN of 1mol/L (CF
3SO
3)
2EC/PC (weight ratio 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtains porous polymer electrolyte, the ionic conductivity σ in the time of 30 ℃=1.3 * 10
-3S/cm, specific conductivity is with variation of temperature situation such as Fig. 3 (B0).
With the LiPF of above-mentioned microporous membrane at 1mol/L
6EC/DMC/EMC (volume ratio 1: 1: 1) solution in soak for some time, after the taking-up electrolyte solution on surface removed and obtain porous polymer electrolyte, polymer dielectric film is placed between two metal lithium electrodes, measure interface resistance changing conditions such as Fig. 4 (C0) with the storage time.
Claims (5)
1. in-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte is characterized in that this method carries out as follows:
(1) multipolymer of vinylidene and R 1216 is dissolved in is mixed with polymers soln in the solvent, the weight ratio of polymkeric substance and solvent is: 1: 3～10;
(2) silicon ester being added in the polymers soln, is catalyzer with acid or alkali, and stirring obtains water white coating liquid, is 0.05～0.2: 1 by the silicon ester of silicon-dioxide calculating and the weight ratio of polymkeric substance wherein;
(3) prepared coating liquid is cast on the substrate, it is that 50～90 ℃ water vapour is handled that substrate is placed temperature, water progresses into coating liquid from vapor phase, make coating liquid be separated, silicon ester generation hydrolysis in the coating liquid and condensation reaction simultaneously generates silicon-dioxide, obtains original position compound wet film;
(4) place deionized water to soak wet film, remove most solvents and by product, again through washing and be drying to obtain the microporous membrane of white;
(5) microporous membrane is immersed in the non-aqueous electrolytic solution, takes out after being filled electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution that removes remained on surface promptly obtains porous polymer electrolyte.
2. according to the described in-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight percent of R 1216 is 0～20% in the multipolymer of described vinylidene and R 1216, preferably 5%～15%.
3. according to the described in-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solvent is N-Methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, in dinethylformamide, the N,N-dimethylacetamide one or more.
4. according to the described in-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described silicon ester is a kind of in tetraethyl silicate, the methyl silicate.
5. according to the described in-situ compounding process of preparing porous polymer electrolyte of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described catalyzer adopts hydrochloric acid or ammoniacal liquor.
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