CN1402470A - Tunnel multicast method - Google Patents
Tunnel multicast method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1402470A CN1402470A CN 02136953 CN02136953A CN1402470A CN 1402470 A CN1402470 A CN 1402470A CN 02136953 CN02136953 CN 02136953 CN 02136953 A CN02136953 A CN 02136953A CN 1402470 A CN1402470 A CN 1402470A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the communication area. The method is divided into two parts: application data flow and the user information flow. The two flows are executed in asynchronous mode. The user information flow includes following moddules. The user information reception module receives the user request. The user information management module composes the user information datagram. The network card drive module updates the user information list. The application data flow includes the service data reception module, the service data transmit module and the network car drive module. The invention realizes the broadcast of the user datagram high efficiently. The user rate of the network bandwidth is close to 100%, and the concurrent user with super large capacity is supported.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of network data broadcasting method, and in particular a kind of tunnel multicast method belongs to computer communication field.
Background technology
Multimedia data broadcast application based on internet (INTERNET) is considered to promising greatly, by literature search, the author is Lars Tvede et.Al, " data broadcasting " P36-37 that China Machine Press published in 2002, propose to realize selectable network data broadcasting, need set up many point-to-point connections, every connection is at a user, send identical datagram, this has brought the significant wastage of server resource, consequently to the minimizing of supported concurrent user's quantity, application development is extremely complicated simultaneously.The network data broadcasting that appears as of Internet protocol (IP) multicasting technology has brought new solution, but the Internet protocol multicast of network-wide basis can't be supported in the internet at present, although the part router possesses the ability of supporting the Internet protocol multicast, but realize that in network-wide basis multicast relates to very many problems, technical elements is not only arranged, also relate to multicast address is effectively distributed such problem of management or the like.It seems at present, be difficult in and make the internet that multicast support in the network-wide basis is provided in a middle or short term, and occurred many application products based on the Internet protocol multicasting technology at present, consequently these products can only be applied to the local environment, can't expand on the wide area network.
Summary of the invention and embodiment
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art and defective, a kind of tunnel multicast method is provided, make it in the existing Large Volume Data multicast application that realizes on the internet, can in the network environment of not supporting the Internet protocol multicast, simulate and realize the Internet protocol multicast functionality, and effectively avoided operating system and connected the bottleneck of supporting for a large amount of concurrent user's data newspaper agreements (UDP), make the bandwidth resources that to bring into play network in this way to greatest extent, make exploitation internet data broadcasting service become very easy, and can realize the steady expansion of application from the local environment to the wide area environment based on the Internet protocol multicast.Technical scheme of the present invention realizes that by following approach the inventive method is divided into two parts: application data flow process and user profile flow process, and these two asynchronous execution of flow process, the user profile flow process is the service of application data flow process, and is specific as follows:
(1) user profile flow process:
● the user profile receiver module receives the request that the user adds or withdraw from certain multicast group by transmission control protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protoco (UDP) (UDP), and gives the subscriber information management resume module;
● the subscriber information management module is utilized ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) according to user's internet protocol address, utilize modes such as socket input and output (IO) operation to obtain ethernet address (MAC) address of this user's correspondence, and with these information composition user profile datagrams, comprising user network internet protocol address, UDP receiving port number, MAC Address and corresponding multicast address;
● the subscriber information management module sends the user profile datagram downwards by the UDP socket that is tied to particular port A, and this datagram finally arrives the network interface card driver module with the form of Ether frame;
● it is the user profile Frame that the network interface card driver module is differentiated this Frame according to port A (source port of the UDP head in the corresponding Ether frame in the Internet protocol packets), wherein the information updating user message table.
The user profile list structure is as follows in the network interface card driver module:
＜user network internet protocol address, user UDP receiving port number, user's MAC address, multicast address 〉.
(2) application data flow process:
● it is multicast datagram that the business datum receiver module receives the business datum newspaper that belongs to certain multicast group by the TCP connection, and gives the business datum forwarding module;
● the business datum forwarding module transmits the multicast datagram that receives downwards by the UDP socket that is tied to particular port B, and this datagram finally arrives the network interface card driver module with the form of Ether frame;
● the network interface card driver module is differentiated this Frame according to port B, and to belong to certain multicast group be the multicast packet frame, multicast packet frame and routine data frame (not needing to be sent to a plurality of users' Ether frame) can be made a distinction by this method, make the network interface card driver module can support conventional network function;
● the network interface card driver module repeats to send this multicast packet frame according to user message table and by interrupt call to each user who belongs to this multicast group, concrete grammar is, when a multicast packet frame arrives driving, send it earlier, then in the network interface card transmit operation finishes the interruption that produces, according to the information in the user message table, this Frame of resetting sends to next user by network interface card again.
Because the maximum length that Ether frame allows is far smaller than the maximum length of the Internet protocol packets, in order to improve the efficient that the Ether frame data are reset in the network interface card driving, the business datum newspaper maximum length that requirement sends over must deduct Ether frame head length degree, the Internet protocol packets head length degree and UDP message header length less than the Ether frame maximum length, if the length of business datum newspaper surpasses this restriction, then can realize by the partition and the reorganization of application layer.
Below the inventive method is further described:
● physical layer data is retransmitted
Traditional data broadcasting mode is to be responsible for the application datagrams of same content is retransmitted to each client by application layer, and the present invention has moved on to physical layer with the data re-transmitting task from application layer, retransmit object and become Ether frame by application datagrams, NIC driver by retouching operation system kernel level realizes this purpose, the single piece of data that needs to retransmit is after application layer arrival network interface card Drive Layer, be responsible for user's retransmission data by network interface card to each destination address, just look like from the application layer to the physical layer, to have set up a high-speed channel the same (tunnel), can make full use of the network bandwidth like this, reduce mass data and duplicate the operating system processing expenditure of bringing, and reduce the expense of data through protocol stack, improve the usefulness that data repeat to send significantly.
● the interrupt call data re-transmitting
In order to realize network card data retransmitting function efficiently, adopt the method for retransmission data in interruption, when network interface card whenever sends an Ether frame, can produce the network interface card interruption and call interrupt handling routine, can finish the repeating transmission task this moment in this interrupt handling routine.
● seamless data modification
Retransmit purpose and also need to change part field in the Ether frame of repeating transmission in order to realize seamless UDP datagram according to user profile, comprise the target port field and the checksum field of the UDP head in the Internet protocol packets that encapsulates in the DAF destination address field of the Internet protocol packets head that encapsulates in the DAF destination address field, Ether frame of ether frame head and checksum field, the Ether frame, method to set up is as follows:
The ■ Ether frame head marks address field: the MAC Address in the corresponding user information table;
■ internet protocol datagram newspaper header DAF destination address field: the internet protocol address in the corresponding user information table;
The ■ UDP head marks peer-port field: the UDP receiving port in the corresponding user information table.
● Internet protocol, UDP verification and the method for reruning fast
Because the content-data in the retransmitted Ether frame is the same, according to the checksum algorithm of standard, can calculate apace two verifications need resetting with, implementation method is as follows:
Original verification and radix-minus-one complement, add the radix-minus-one complement of the new data that needs modification, need the new data packets purse rope border protocol datagram header DAF destination address field, the UDP head that revise to mark peer-port field, deduct the radix-minus-one complement of the former data of this new data correspondence, the sign indicating number of again income value being negated, expression is as follows:
C1＝~(~C+~D1-~D)
C1 be new verification and, C be former verification and, the new data of D1 for revising, D be corresponding former data, ~ represent radix-minus-one complement to operate, according to the UDP standard agreement, as if the UDP verification that calculates be 0 actual 0xFFFF of getting.
● Internet protocol multicast datagram tunnel transmission technology
The purpose of design of this technology is that the application based on the Internet protocol multicast is expanded on the wide area network from LAN environment.Application services adopts the Internet protocol multicasting technology to send application data, client adopts the Internet protocol multicasting technology to receive from data in server equally, application model such in LAN environment is no problem, but arrived on the wide area network, because at present INTERNET does not support the Internet protocol multicast, such communication pattern just can't operate as normal.
Internet protocol multicast datagram tunnel transmission technology is specifically designed to such problem that solves, comprise server end multicast packet intercepting and capturing module and client driver module, serve end program and application services are positioned on each computer of same computer or local area network (LAN), serve end program is caught the multicast datagram that application services sends, and connecting the exclusive data send server of delivering to employing tunnel multicast technique construction through encapsulation by TCP is the tunnel multicast server;
Client driver receives the clean culture UDP datagram that this server is sent, revert to the multicast datagram of primitive form after treatment, and sending this data by home loop 127.0.0.1 with corresponding multicast address and port, original like this applications client program just can receive data.This method just looks like to transmit multicast datagram by special tunnel on wide area network.
The present invention has substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, the present invention will be based on the application extension of Internet protocol multicast to wide area network, and realize that UDP datagram is broadcasted efficiently, to support the concurrent user of vast capacity, can realize following two main advantage functions after adopting the present invention: network bandwidth utilance is near 100%, support the concurrent user of vast capacity, its number is fully by available network bandwidth resource decision, can be with following formula approximate calculation: the whole available network bandwidth of maximum concurrent user number=server/single user data traffic volume; The Internet protocol multicast datagram can be sent to the terminal use pellucidly by INTERNET, and seamlessly be received, be used, realize the Streaming Media broadcasting in the wide scope by streaming media server with Microsoft by client applications.
Provide following examples in conjunction with content of the present invention:
Tunnel multicast technology and existing stream media system are used, and can realize the Streaming Media broadcasting of wide scope, and can support jumbo concurrent user.The tunnel multicast server is the exclusive data multicast equipment that adopts the tunnel multicast technology to realize, video server adopts the streaming media server of Microsoft, and programme content can be various ways such as video file, programme televised live.
Multicast datagram is intercepted and captured the media business datagram of program (can run on the tunnel multicast server and also can run on the video server) intercepting and capturing from streaming media server, through sending to the tunnel multicast server after the burst processing, the form that the tunnel multicast server is reported with the UDP unicast data by the tunnel multicast technology sends to media data the whole users that belong to this multicast group.The reception driver of user side will receive UDP datagram and revert to the original business data packet of standard and pass through upwards transmission of home loop 127.0.0.1 with multicast mode, and this process has realized the transparent transmission of Internet protocol multicast datagram.
Many tunnel multicast servers are finished the data distribution of large concurrent, video frequency program bandwidth rates according to 500Kbps is calculated, by the tunnel multicast technology, the tunnel multicast server of separate unit 4 port one 00M network interface cards can be supported about 800 concurrent users, and the concurrent capacity of video traffic of such bandwidth that traditional server working method separate unit (PIII-1G processor) can be supported is less than 70.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of tunnel multicast method is characterized in that being divided into two parts: application data flow process and user profile flow process, and these two asynchronous execution of flow process, the user profile flow process is the service of application data flow process, and is specific as follows:
(1) user profile flow process:
● the user profile receiver module receives the request that the user adds or withdraw from certain multicast group by transmission control protocol or User Datagram Protoco (UDP), and gives the subscriber information management resume module;
● the subscriber information management module utilizes address resolution protocol to obtain the ethernet address of this user's correspondence according to user's internet protocol address, and with these information composition user profile datagrams, comprising user network internet protocol address, receiving port number, ethernet address and corresponding multicast address;
● the subscriber information management module sends the user profile datagram downwards by the user datagram socket that is tied to particular port A, and this datagram finally arrives the network interface card driver module with the form of Ether frame;
● the network interface card driver module is according to port A, the source port of the user datagram header in the corresponding Ether frame in the Internet protocol packets, and differentiating this Frame is the user profile Frame, wherein the information updating user message table;
(2) application data flow process:
● it is multicast datagram that the business datum receiver module receives the business datum newspaper that belongs to certain multicast group by connection control protocol, and gives the business datum forwarding module;
● the business datum forwarding module transmits the multicast datagram that receives downwards by the user datagram socket that is tied to particular port B, and this datagram finally arrives the network interface card driver module with the form of Ether frame;
● the network interface card driver module is differentiated this Frame according to port B, and to belong to certain multicast group be the multicast packet frame, by this method multicast packet frame and routine data frame made a distinction;
● the network interface card driver module repeats to send this multicast packet frame according to user message table and by interrupt call to each user who belongs to this multicast group, concrete grammar is, when a multicast packet frame arrives driving, send it earlier, then in the network interface card transmit operation finishes the interruption that produces, according to the information in the user message table, this Frame of resetting sends to next user by network interface card again.
2, this tunnel multicast method according to claim 1 is characterized in that following the inventive method being further described:
● physical layer data is retransmitted
The data re-transmitting task has been moved on to physical layer from application layer, retransmit object and become Ether frame by application datagrams, NIC driver by retouching operation system kernel level realizes, after single piece of data of need retransmitting arrives the network interface card Drive Layer from application layer, be responsible for user's retransmission data to each destination address by network interface card;
● the interrupt call data re-transmitting
Realize that the network card data retransmitting function, produces the network interface card interruption and calls interrupt handling routine when network interface card whenever sends an Ether frame by adopting the method for retransmission data in interruption efficiently, in this interrupt handling routine, finish the repeating transmission task this moment;
● seamless data modification
Realize that seamless user datagram is retransmitted according to user profile and change part field in the Ether frame of repeating transmission, comprise the target port field and the checksum field of the user datagram header in the Internet protocol packets that encapsulates in the DAF destination address field of the Internet protocol packets head that encapsulates in the DAF destination address field, Ether frame of ether frame head and checksum field, the Ether frame, method to set up is as follows:
The ■ Ether frame head marks address field: the ethernet address in the corresponding user information table;
■ internet protocol datagram newspaper header DAF destination address field: the internet protocol address in the corresponding user information table;
■ user datagram header target port field: the user datagram receiving terminal in the corresponding user information table
Mouthful;
● Internet protocol, user datagram verification and the method for reruning fast
Content-data in the retransmitted Ether frame is the same, according to the checksum algorithm of standard, calculate apace two verifications need resetting and, implementation method is as follows:
Original verification and radix-minus-one complement, add the radix-minus-one complement of the new data that needs modification, the new data packets purse rope border protocol datagram header DAF destination address field, the user datagram header target port field that need modification, deduct the radix-minus-one complement of the former data of this new data correspondence, the sign indicating number of again income value being negated, expression is as follows:
C1＝~(~C+~D1-~D)
C1 be new verification and, C be former verification and, the new data of D1 for revising, D be corresponding former data, represent radix-minus-one complement to operate, according to the user datagram standard agreement, as if the user datagram verification that calculates be 0 actual 0xFFFF of getting;
● Internet protocol multicast datagram tunnel transmission technology
Internet protocol multicast datagram tunnel transmission technology comprises server end multicast packet intercepting and capturing module and client driver module, serve end program and application services are positioned on each computer of same computer or local area network (LAN), serve end program is caught the multicast datagram that application services sends, and connecting the exclusive data send server of delivering to employing tunnel multicast technique construction through encapsulation by transmission control protocol is the tunnel multicast server;
Client driver receives the unicast user datagram that this server is sent, revert to the multicast datagram of primitive form after treatment, and sending this data by home loop 127.0.0.1 with corresponding multicast address and port, original applications client program just can receive data.
3, this tunnel multicast method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the user profile list structure is as follows in the network interface card driver module:
＜user network internet protocol address, user datagram receiving port number, user's ethernet address, multicast address 〉.
4, this tunnel multicast method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the business datum newspaper maximum length that sends in the application data flow process must deduct Ether frame head length degree, the Internet protocol packets head length degree and user datagram header length less than the Ether frame maximum length, the length of business datum newspaper surpasses this restriction, and then partition and the reorganization by application layer realizes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB021369534A CN1152512C (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2002-09-12 | Tunnel multicast method |
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| CNB021369534A CN1152512C (en) | 2002-09-12 | 2002-09-12 | Tunnel multicast method |
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| CN1402470A true CN1402470A (en) | 2003-03-12 |
| CN1152512C CN1152512C (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100344122C (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2007-10-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Implementing Method for sending datagram type message from assigned port |
| CN101160902B (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2011-04-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data forwarding method and switching arrangement |
| CN103609050A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-02-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Air interface transmission method and relevant device and system |
| CN110557453A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-10 | 广州虎牙科技有限公司 | data distribution method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113472730A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-01 | 瞻博网络公司 | Network device and method for network device |
-
2002
- 2002-09-12 CN CNB021369534A patent/CN1152512C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100344122C (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2007-10-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Implementing Method for sending datagram type message from assigned port |
| CN101160902B (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2011-04-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Data forwarding method and switching arrangement |
| CN103609050A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-02-26 | 华为技术有限公司 | Air interface transmission method and relevant device and system |
| WO2014036728A1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Air interface transmission method and relevant device and system |
| CN103609050B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2017-08-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of air interface transmission method and relevant device, system |
| CN110557453A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-10 | 广州虎牙科技有限公司 | data distribution method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN110557453B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2022-10-04 | 广州虎牙科技有限公司 | Data distribution method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113472730A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-10-01 | 瞻博网络公司 | Network device and method for network device |
| CN113472730B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2023-06-23 | 瞻博网络公司 | Network device and method for a network device |
| US11825534B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2023-11-21 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Multicast replication in 5G networks |
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| CN1152512C (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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