CN1401678A - Konjaku plucosidopolyose graft copolymer, preparing process and use thereof - Google Patents
Konjaku plucosidopolyose graft copolymer, preparing process and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A konjak glucoside polyose graft copolymer is prepared from the aqueous solution of konjak glucoside polyose and the vinyl monomer through graft copolymerization under the action of redox initiator. Its advantages are high biocompatibility and biodegradability, wide application range, simple preparing process and no environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to konjac glucomannan graft copolymer and its production and use.
Background technology
Amorphophallus aroid, its stem tuber are rich in deposit property polysaccharide konjaku glucomannan (Konjac glucomannan writes a Chinese character in simplified form and makes KGM).Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan is the main component of konjaku powder, accounts for the heavy 50%-60% of dry product.
As far back as the 60-80 age in last century; the Japan scholar did many researchs to the structure and the character of Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan; the result shows that Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan is a main chain by D-seminose and D-glucose with β-1; 4 pyranose glycosidic bond banded mixed polysaccharide; on the C3 position of main chain seminose, exist by β-1; 3 key bonded branched structures; approximately on per 32 saccharide residues 3 left and right sides side chains are arranged; side chain has only the length of several residues; and has acetyl group on some saccharide residue; there is one on per approximately 19 saccharide residues, combines in the mode of ester.The constitutive molar ratio of seminose and glucose is about 1.5-1.7 in the Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan, is generally 1.6, and different varieties is different with the molecular weight of the Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan in source, and the molecular weight that different measuring methods obtains is also different.
The schematic construction of Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan is as follows:
By following formula as can be known, the konjak portuguese gansu polyose glycan molecule contains active-OH base, can be by esterification, nitrated, etherificate, chemical modifications such as grafting prepare novel konjak portuguese gansu polyose sugar derivatives, improve the viscosity of its water-sol, stable and various performances make it have the new function that is fit for various uses, thereby enlarge its range of application; Also can be by blend, crosslinked and composite modified and other material generation chemistry or physical bond, thus good novel material obtained.
Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan has many good properties as a kind of natural macromolecule amylose, such as biocompatibility, and film-forming properties, biodegradable etc.Can be applicable to food, biochemistry, medicine and daily life all respects.For example konjac glucomannan can be used as hydrophilizing agent, thickening material, stablizer, emulsifying agent, suspension agent, gelifying agent etc., is widely used in foodstuffs industry.Also can be used as preservative film, chromatographic column filler, wound lapping, medical optical facility, gel rubber sustained-release material, various goods such as mould material.In addition, be to adapt to the needs of new technology application development, all kinds of researchs that Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan is carried out functional modification are well afoot also.
Macromolecule hydrogel is the network size of hydrophilic high mol, its swellable and keep large quantity of moisture and don't dissolving in water.Hydrogel has caused scientific worker's common concern in many purposes in fields such as biological chemistry, medical science, agricultural, daily-use chemical industry.Most of up to now hydrogels are nonbiodegradable, and this has limited their application aspect medicine and environmental protection.Preparation biodegradable hydrogel has several different methods, and wherein to prepare hydrogel by grafting, crosslinking reaction be a kind of simple and effective method to the natural hydrophilic polymkeric substance, and resulting polymers has excellent biological compatibility and biological degradability.At present research is more starch, amylopectin, dextran, chitosan etc.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide biodegradable konjac glucomannan graft copolymer of a class and its production and use.
The present invention adopts water-soluble konjac glucomannan and graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, crosslinked method to prepare the biodegradable hydrogel.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is: konjac glucomannan grafted multipolymer, by the konjac glucomannan aqueous solution under water soluble oxidized reduction initiator causes, with graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, many vinyl-functional compound is linking agent or passes through high-temperature cross-linking, synthetic obtaining.
The preparation method of above-mentioned konjac glucomannan grafted multipolymer, by the konjac glucomannan aqueous solution under water soluble oxidized reduction initiator causes, with graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, with many vinyl-functional compound is linking agent or by high-temperature cross-linking, syntheticly obtains konjac glucomannan grafted copolymer aquagel.
Above-mentioned graft copolymerization vinyl monomer is vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, N-N-isopropylacrylamide, vinyl cyanide or vinylacetic acid.Change
It is ceric ammonium nitrate or persulphate that agent is urged in above-mentioned water soluble oxidized reduction.
Above-mentioned linking agent is many vinyl-functional compound N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, diacrylate binaryglycol ester, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate(DEGDMA); Its consumption is the 0.03-2.0% of vinyl monomer weight.
Above-mentioned graft copolymerization temperature is 25-90 ℃, is preferably 35-50 ℃.
The concentration of above-mentioned konjak portuguese gansu polyose sugar aqueous solution is 0.1-2.0% (mass percent), is preferably 0.5-1.0% (mass percent).
The konjac glucomannan grafted copolymer aquagel of gained of the present invention can be applicable to biological chemistry, medical science, agricultural, food, filed of daily-use chemical industry.
The structure of graftomer is through infrared spectra (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope analysis, and measured water-intake rate.
The present invention adopts water-soluble konjac glucomannan by preparing the biodegradable hydrogel with graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, crosslinked method first.Because konjac glucomannan is water-soluble polysaccharide, has excellent biological compatibility and biodegradability, thereby also has excellent biological compatibility and biodegradability with it as the hydrogel that main chain obtains.Preparation technology is easy, and reaction medium is a water, and production process does not produce environmental pollution.Konjac glucomannan is from agricultural-food cheap and easy to get, and the present invention also provides an effective way for the comprehensive utilization of agricultural byproducts.
Konjac glucomannan graft copolymer of the present invention has following purposes:
1, resulting hydrogel has biocompatibility and biological degradability, can be used as bio-medical material.For example controlled drug delivery system, tissue engineering material, contact lens, dentistry imbibition material, operation bandage, sanitary belt, nursing pad etc.
2, make physiological hygiene articles for use, for example sanitary towel, diaper, adult-incontinence articles, disinfected paper napkin etc. as High hydrophilous resin.
3, be used for agricultural gardening material,, can improve soil moisture conservation, the performance of keeping humidity of soil, promote the formation of crumb structure, improve the plantation surviving rate of short of rain or areas with soil-erosion problems such as desert, deserted mountain for example with mixing with soil.It is carried out coating to seed handle, can improve seed humidity, temperature condition on every side, improve seedling rate, shorten and emerge the cycle.Also can be used as the chemical fertilizer sustained release drug.
4, as filtration, parting material.
5, as antistatic fiber, sealing material and filler.
6, in petroleum industry is produced, the control leakage as the oil dehydrating agent, can be removed small amount of moisture contained in the petroleum-type product effectively.
7, as curing compound.
8, otherwise application, for example spices sustained release dosage, deodorizing composition, vegetables and fruits are fresh-keeping, moisture adsorbent of various wrapping material, paper for kitchen, sludge curing treatment agent etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the infrared spectra of konjaku powder;
Fig. 2 is the infrared spectra of konjaku powder graft acrylic acid of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the stereoscan photograph of konjaku powder;
Fig. 4 is the stereoscan photograph of konjaku powder graft acrylic acid of the present invention.
Embodiment
The konjac glucomannan grafted copolymer aquagel of the present invention is to be reduced under initiator (as ceric ammonium nitrate or persulphate etc.) causes in water soluble oxidized by the konjak portuguese gansu polyose sugar aqueous solution, with graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, with many vinyl-functional compound is that linking agent is crosslinked, or obtains by high-temperature cross-linking is synthetic.
The vinyl monomer that the present invention adopts is vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, N-N-isopropylacrylamide, vinyl cyanide or vinylacetic acid.When being monomer, behind the graft reaction, become acid amides or acid through sodium hydroxide hydrolysis with the vinyl cyanide.Many vinyl-functional compound is N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, or diacrylate binaryglycol ester, or Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, or diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate(DEGDMA).
Concrete synthetic route of the present invention is schematically as follows:
Vinyl monomer and corresponding R ' and R outline as follows in the konjac glucomannan vinyl monomer formula: vinyl monomer R ' R vinylformic acid H COOH methacrylic acid CH
3COOH acrylamide H CONH
2N-N-isopropylacrylamide H CONHCH (CH
3)
2Vinyl cyanide H CN vinylacetic acid H CH
2COOH
Embodiment one: Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan/acrylic acid graft copolymer synthetic
Accurately take by weighing the konjaku powder of 0.10 gram, compound concentration is 0.5% the aqueous solution, and in about 50 ℃, place the enough time, KGM is uniformly dispersed, the Acrylic Acid Monomer that adds 1.77 mol then, the back that stirs add 2.19 mmoles/liter initiator solution (ceric ammonium nitrate+nitric acid) and 10.37 mmoles/liter linking agent N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, stir and, obtain water white hydrogel in 45-50 ℃ of following reaction stopped reaction after 2 hours.
To react the gained hydrogel with distilled water immersion, washing, under 60 ℃, dry then crude product.Again with desciccate with acetone in soxhlet's extractor extracting 24 hours to remove homopolymer, under 60 ℃, dry required pure graft copolymer, store for future use.The mensuration of percentage of grafting
Percentage of grafting is the massfraction that grafted branches accounts for the konjak portuguese gansu polyose sugar substrate, is calculated as follows:
G％＝(M
g-M
0)/M
0*100％
G% is a percentage of grafting in the formula; M
gQuality for graft copolymer after the grafting; M
0Quality for Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan sample before the grafting.The mensuration of pick up
Buffered soln with Sodium phosphate dibasic and potassium primary phosphate preparation pH=7.4.Accurately take by weighing a certain amount of pure graft copolymer in the 100ml beaker, add above-mentioned damping fluid 50ml then, make the gel suction, up to swelling equilibrium.Pick up is calculated as follows:
Pick up=(M
2-M
1)/M
1* 100%
M in the formula
1For dry-eye disease weighs; M
2For quality is M
1Dry-eye disease water absorption and swelling balance after jello heavy.
Recording percentage of grafting according to aforesaid method is 97%, and pick up is 71 times.Infrared spectra
By FTIR8000 (day island proper Tianjin) spectrometer measurement, after pure graft copolymerization matter sample is pulverized, by the KBr compressing tablet.Scanning electron microscope
With the exterior appearance of the pure graft copolymer of Hitachi SX-650 (Japan) sem observation, understand its structure.Take pictures behind the sample metal spraying.
Infrared spectra is seen Fig. 1, Fig. 2.Fig. 1 is the infrared spectrum of grafted Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan not.Fig. 1 is at 2924.9cm
-1The place is the C-H vibration peak of methyl in the Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan, 1733.8cm
-1The place then is the absorption peak of carbonyl.876.1cm
-1And 807.3cm
-1The place is the characteristic absorption band of seminose.Fig. 2 is at 2933.6cm
-1The place is the C-H vibration peak of methylene radical in the graft copolymer, 1708.4cm
-1The place is the absorption peak of carboxyl.Fig. 2 compared to Figure 1,1733.8cm
-1The absorption peak of place's carbonyl is by 1708.4cm
-1The absorption peak of place's carboxyl is covered and is only shown 1708.4cm
-1The broad peak at place.876.1cm
-1And 807.3cm
-1Lower wave number 872.4cm is shifted at the peak at place
-1And 798.0cm
-1The place.Show that graft copolymerization has taken place for Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan and vinylformic acid.
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are respectively before the grafting and the konjac glucomannan stereoscan photograph after the grafting, and the surface ratio of Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan is more coarse before the grafting, present the consistent particulate phase structure of rule; And the smooth surface of konjac glucomannan grafted acrylic acid multipolymer demonstrates cross linked porous network-like structure, and its hole is dark and the aperture is not of uniform size.The preceding Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan of texture ratio grafting that shows Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan acrylic acid graft copolymer has very big change.
1708.4cm
-1The absorption peak of place's carboxyl is covered and is only shown 1708.4cm
-1The broad peak at place.876.1cm
-1And 807.3cm
-1Lower wave number 872.4cm is shifted at the peak at place
-1And 798.0cm
-1The place.Show that graft copolymerization has taken place for Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan and vinylformic acid.
Embodiment two: Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan/methacrylic acid graft copolymer synthetic
Accurately take by weighing the konjaku powder of 0.20 gram, compound concentration is 1.0% the aqueous solution, and in about 50 ℃, place the enough time, KGM is uniformly dispersed, the methacrylic acid monomer that adds 1.77 mol then, the back that stirs add 2.19 mmoles/liter initiator solution (ceric ammonium nitrate+nitric acid) and linking agent 10.37 mmoles/liter N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, stir and, obtain water white hydrogel in 45-50 ℃ of following reaction stopped reaction after 2 hours.
To react the gained hydrogel with distilled water immersion, washing, under 60 ℃, dry then crude product.Again with desciccate with acetone in soxhlet's extractor extracting 24 hours to remove homopolymer, under 60 ℃, dry pure graft copolymer.
Embodiment three: Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan/acrylamide grafted copolymer synthetic
In having the there-necked flask of agitator, add 0.20 gram konjaku powder and water, stir and to be made into 0.5% the aqueous solution down and, konjaku powder to be uniformly dispersed, feed nitrogen 50 ℃ of insulations, add 0.12 gram ceric ammonium nitrate (being dissolved in the nitric acid), stir after 20 minutes, add 10 gram acrylamides and 0.17 gram N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, react stopped reaction after 2.5 hours, get gel.
To react the gained hydrogel with distilled water immersion, washing, under 60 ℃, dry then crude product.Again with desciccate with acetone in soxhlet's extractor extracting 24 hours to remove homopolymer, under 60 ℃, dry pure graft copolymer.
Embodiment four: Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan/N-isopropylacrylamide graft copolymer synthetic
In having the there-necked flask of agitator, add 0.20 gram konjaku powder and water, stir and to be made into 0.5% the aqueous solution down and, konjaku powder to be uniformly dispersed, feed nitrogen 50 ℃ of insulations, add 0.12 gram ceric ammonium nitrate (being dissolved in the nitric acid), stir after 20 minutes, add 10 gram N-N-isopropylacrylamide and 0.17 gram N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, react stopped reaction after 2.5 hours, get gel.
To react the gained hydrogel with distilled water immersion, washing, under 60 ℃, dry then crude product.Again with desciccate with acetone in soxhlet's extractor extracting 24 hours to remove homopolymer, under 60 ℃, dry pure graft copolymer.
Embodiment five: Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan/acrylonitrile graft copolymer synthetic
In having the there-necked flask of agitator, add 0.20 gram konjaku powder and water, stir and be made into 0.5% the aqueous solution down and, konjaku powder be uniformly dispersed 45 ℃ of insulations, feed nitrogen, add 0.12 gram ceric ammonium nitrate (being dissolved in the nitric acid), stir after 10 minutes, adjust the temperature to 35 ℃, add 10 gram vinyl cyanide, react stopped reaction after 3 hours, filter washing, get graft copolymer after the drying.
Graft copolymer is scattered in the water, adds NaOH, 90 ℃ are reacted down to even thick liquid, use the HCl acidifying, washing.Regulating pH with NaOH again is about 7.130 ℃ of dryings 15 minutes, water-fast hydrogel.
Embodiment six: Rhizoma amorphophalli glucomannan/vinylacetic acid graft copolymer synthetic
In having the there-necked flask of agitator, add 0.20 gram konjaku powder and water, stir and to be made into 0.5% the aqueous solution down and, konjaku powder to be uniformly dispersed, feed nitrogen 45 ℃ of insulations, add 0.12 gram ceric ammonium nitrate (being dissolved in the nitric acid), stir after 10 minutes, adjust the temperature to 35 ℃, add 10 gram vinylacetic acids and 0.17 gram Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, react stopped reaction after 2.5 hours, get gel.
To react the gained hydrogel with distilled water immersion, washing, under 60 ℃, dry then crude product.Again with desciccate with acetone in soxhlet's extractor extracting 24 hours to remove homopolymer, under 60 ℃, dry pure graft copolymer.
Redox in the foregoing description urges the agent ceric ammonium nitrate can use persulphate (as Sodium Persulfate, Potassium Persulphate etc.) to substitute.
Claims (9)
1. konjac glucomannan grafted multipolymer, under water soluble oxidized reduction initiator caused, with graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, many vinyl-functional compound was linking agent or passes through high-temperature cross-linking, synthetic obtaining by the konjac glucomannan aqueous solution.
2. the preparation method of the described konjac glucomannan grafted multipolymer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: by the konjac glucomannan aqueous solution under water soluble oxidized reduction initiator causes, with graft copolymerization of vinyl monomer, with many vinyl-functional compound is linking agent or by high-temperature cross-linking, syntheticly obtains konjac glucomannan grafted copolymer aquagel.
3. preparation method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the graft copolymerization vinyl monomer is vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, N-N-isopropylacrylamide, vinyl cyanide or vinylacetic acid.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that: the water soluble oxidized reducing catalyst is ceric ammonium nitrate, persulphate.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that: linking agent is many vinyl-functional compound N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, diacrylate binaryglycol ester, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or diethyleneglycol dimethacrylate(DEGDMA); Its consumption is the 0.03-2.0% of vinyl monomer weight.
6. according to claim 2 or 3 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that: the graft copolymerization temperature is 25-90 ℃.
7. according to claim 2 or 3 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that: the graft copolymerization temperature is 35-50 ℃.
8. according to claim 2 or 3 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that: the mass percent concentration of konjak portuguese gansu polyose sugar aqueous solution is 0.1-2.0%.
9. the described konjac glucomannan grafted copolymer aquagel of claim 1 can be applicable to biological chemistry, medical science, agricultural, food, filed of daily-use chemical industry.
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