CN1400075A - Radial and mixed-flow three-component blade wheel single-shaft feed milling process - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a radial-flow and mixed-flow three-element blade wheel single-spindle feed milk process, and is characterized by that it uses conventional digital display milling (boring) machine, and matches it with digital display universal rotary table and utilizes X, Y, Z, A, B single-spindle feed to mill integrated cylindrical surface secant element radial-flow and mixed-flow three-element blade wheel instead of five-axle coupled numerical control machine completely. For arbitrary space straight-line element ternary blade wheel the adoption of said invention can save above 90% of working time of five-axle coupled numerical control machine, for "full-controlled eddy" arbitrary space curve ternary blade wheel it can save above 80% of working time of five-axle coupled numerical control machine.

Description

Directly, mixed-flow 3 d impeller single shaft feed milling process

One, affiliated field

The invention belongs to field of machining, relate to a kind of processing technology of turbomachine, the process of particularly a kind of footpath, the whole milling of mixed-flow 3 d impeller single shaft feed.

Two, background technology

Directly, the manufacturing process of mixed-flow 3 d impeller can be divided into three major types, a class is a casting technique, owing to the mechanical property of material often can not be met consumers' demand and is restricted.Another kind of is welding procedure, and it also can limit its application because of welding deformation, welding interior stress, weld properties etc.No matter whole in recent years milling process is that the mechanical property of material, the accuracy aspects of morpheme all are subjected to more and more users' favor.But this type of technology must be used five-shaft linkage numerically controlled machine, this 5-shaft linkage numerical control mills the requirement lathe and has X, Y, three moving coordinates of Z (feeding guide rail), also need to have two rotational coordinates around rotating shaft A, B, and requirement must be interlock, i.e. the motion of five of X, Y, Z, A, B simultaneously can be in addition digital control by computer.

Three, summary of the invention

Because no matter whole milling 3 d impeller have great superiority at aspects such as material mechanical property, impeller form and position tolerances, the development of, hardware soft along with Digit Control Machine Tool is applied to each industrial department more and more.But because whole milling process must can be realized with five-shaft linkage numerically controlled machine, its time cost is very expensive, thereby limited the scope of application of this technology, generally be used for the following impeller of external diameter 500mm, otherwise influenced its market competitiveness because of time cost is too high.Cause blade path that the basic reason of this situation is the vertical element 3 d impeller by dimensional orientation arbitrarily straight line (milling cutter side edge) move continuously and form, therefore must the use five-shaft linkage numerically controlled machine.

The present invention is intended to overcome the restrictive condition that any space line element 3 d impeller must use the five-axle linkage milling machine, and a kind of footpath, mixed-flow 3 d impeller single shaft feed milling process are provided, can be most of or all avoid adopting the numerical control milling of five-axle linkage.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is, according to analysis to external any space line element 3 d impeller, its blade surface be that the face of cylinder intersection at center is very near straight line (back is launched on the face of cylinder) with the impeller rotating shaft, even Shanghai Communications University, Xi'an " complete controlled whirlpool " the spatial warping blade of 3 d impeller and the intersection on the face of cylinder also quite approach straight line, for another invention of Shanghai Communications University, Xi'an " directly, mixed-flow face of cylinder secant element 3 d impeller ", then be an accurate straight line.Therefore the present invention is directed to these characteristics and constructed a kind of milling process of new vertical element 3 d impeller.

Turning to processed impeller impeller is example clockwise, and concrete processing step of the present invention is:

1. the last process through being up to the standards (vertical lathe) leaf dish is fastened on the universal table with the center pressing plate;

2. universal table is fastened on the boring table face with housing pin;

3. impeller is vertically to put, and universal table inclination angle gyroaxis transfers to zero degree (digital display α=0 °);

4. mobile boring machine horizontal X axle and vertical Y axle make cotter mill cutter (finish-milling is then used rose cutter) upper end A aim at the impeller center, make digital display trunnion axis X=0, vertical axis Y=0; When impeller turns to when counterclockwise, then upper extreme point changes lower extreme point into;

5. the mobile and horizontal axle makes cotter mill cutter upper extreme point A move to the impeller outer diameter place, trunnion axis digital display X=R ₂Then milling cutter is slightly outwards moved (X＞R ₂), make the milling cutter end face be positioned at benchmark place, impeller channel bottom surface again, make main shaft digital display Z=Z _Max

6. mobile main shaft Z and trunnion axis X make milling cutter end face A point contact leaf dish peak, check main shaft coordinate figure this moment Z=Z _Min, X=R ₀

7. mobile respectively according to the order of sequence X-axis and Z axle, this moment, Y-axis remained Y ≡ 0, made milling cutter A point be positioned at wheel cap outer radius X=R ₂, θ=0 °, Z=Z ₂

8. rotate the universal table central shaft, leaf top cornerite digital display value θ and tables of data are harmonious;

9. rotate universal table horizontal rotation angle, impeller inclination alpha value and tables of data are harmonious;

10. check cutter A point is harmonious with wheel cap surface of revolution contact position R, Z and data;

11. look after the total depth of cut δ value of main shaft deducts bottom surface surplus 3mm, along the feed of Z axle, with a cutter/or two cutter feeds to (δ Z-3);

12.X, Y, α, Y-axis keep motionless, manual swivel table central shaft, pendulum mills δ θ ₁Angle, this moment, the digital display value was (θ+δ θ ₁), the pendulum of finishing a runner on a face of cylinder mills;

13. mobile main shaft carries milling cutter to wheel cap surface of revolution place, manually swivel table rotates δ θ angle with corner, at this moment digital display θ=θ+(360 °/number of blade);

14. repeat the 10---13 step, each leaf road is rough milled and is finished on the R face of cylinder;

15. along the radial direction feed, corresponding different R (x) values repeats the 7---14 step, whole impeller channel is rough milled finish.

Effect of the present invention is:

1. can the overwhelming majority or avoid using five-shaft linkage numerically controlled machine fully, use common digital display vertical milling instead, crouch and to mill or boring machine adapted universal table can be finished.

2. reduce labor strength, preferably digital display for improving work efficiency.

3. need not five-axle linkage, can distinguish the single shaft feed.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 be the present invention at mobile boring machine horizontal X axle and vertical Y axle, make the schematic diagram of cotter mill cutter upper end A; Wherein (a) is front view, (b) is the side view of (a).

Fig. 2 is that milling cutter diameter is d, and X-direction feed step pitch is s, then residual height $h=\frac{d}{2}(1-\cos \mathrm{\θ})$ Schematic diagram.

Five, the specific embodiment

For a more clear understanding of the present invention, the embodiment that finishes according to technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and inventor is described in further detail.

5.1 the relation of residual height h of blade and radius R (horizontal X axle) feed step pitch:

Referring to Fig. 2, the milling cutter diameter shown in the figure is d, and X-direction feed step pitch is s, then residual height $h=\frac{d}{2}(1-\cos \mathrm{\θ}),$ In the formula $\mathrm{\θ}={\sin }^{-1}\left(\frac{s}{d}\right).$

Embodiment 1: milling cutter diameter d=30mm, step pitch s=10mm, then h=0.86mm;

Milling cutter diameter d=30mm, step pitch s=1mm, then h=0.00057mm;

Accurately machined two kinds of modes:

5.2.1 manual polishing:

If adopt manual polishing, then require horizontal X direction of principal axis feed step pitch about 1mm, then because of its residual height 0.6 μ m only, manual polishing gets final product, and this technology is suitable for face of cylinder secant element 3 d impeller.

5.2.2 5-shaft linkage numerical control mills:

For any space line element or " complete controlled whirlpool " 3 d impeller blade surface, finally still must mill by 5-shaft linkage numerical control.Then single shaft feed Cutting Process only is suitable for roughing or semifinishing, and trunnion axis import this moment step pitch can be more than 10mm.Because of the water passage surface surplus seldom, can save 80% above man-hour of five-shaft linkage numerically controlled machine.

Be characterized in:

1: can the overwhelming majority or avoid using five-shaft linkage numerically controlled machine fully, use instead general with digital display vertical milling, for sleeping in mill or boring machine adapted universal table can be finished.

2: reduce labor strength, preferably digital display for improving work efficiency.

3: need not five-axle linkage, can distinguish the single shaft feed.EXPERIMENTAL EXAMPLE:

In this year, the applicant has accepted the processing tasks of 520,000 tons of urea carbon-dioxide gas compressor third level impellers, this impeller outer diameter D ₂=650mm, blade exit width b ₂=19.6mm if adopt complete controlled whirlpool 3 d impeller, uses 5-axis machining center integral body and mills system, and be 20 days man-hour; The applicant adopts technology of the present invention, and roughing 3 days on (model TX6113A/1) plain-milling machine that Kunming Machine Tool Plant produces, 5-axis machining center 3 days amount to 6 days and just machined task.

Claims (1)

1. a footpath, mixed-flow 3 d impeller single shaft feed milling process, use conventional digital display to mill (boring) bed, the omnipotent rotary table of adapted digital display utilizes X, Y, Z, A, the feed of B single shaft, replace 5-shaft linkage numerical control fully and mill, integral body is milled and is made secant element footpath, the face of cylinder, mixed-flow 3 d impeller; It is characterized in that: with turning to of processed impeller is example clockwise, and concrete technology is carried out according to the following steps:

1. the last process through being up to the standards (vertical lathe) leaf dish is fastened on the universal table with the center pressing plate;

2. universal table is fastened on the boring table face with housing pin;

3. impeller is vertically to put, and universal table inclination angle gyroaxis transfers to zero degree (digital display θ=0 °);

4. mobile boring machine horizontal X axle and vertical Y axle make cotter mill cutter (finish-milling is then used rose cutter) upper end A aim at the impeller center, make digital display trunnion axis X=0, vertical axis Y=0; When impeller turns to when counterclockwise, then upper extreme point changes lower extreme point into;

5. the mobile and horizontal axle makes cotter mill cutter upper extreme point A move to the impeller outer diameter place, trunnion axis digital display X=R ₂Then milling cutter is slightly outwards moved (X＞R ₂), make the milling cutter end face be positioned at benchmark place, impeller channel bottom surface again, make main shaft digital display Z=Z _Max

6. mobile main shaft Z and trunnion axis X make milling cutter end face A point contact leaf dish peak, check main shaft coordinate figure this moment Z=Z _Min, X=R ₀

7. mobile respectively according to the order of sequence X-axis and Z axle, this moment, Y-axis remained Y ≡ 0, made milling cutter A point be positioned at wheel cap outer radius X=R ₂, θ=0 °, Z=Z ₂

8. rotate the universal table central shaft, leaf top cornerite digital display value θ and tables of data are harmonious;

9. rotate universal table horizontal rotation angle, impeller inclination alpha value and tables of data are harmonious;

10. check cutter A point is harmonious with wheel cap surface of revolution contact position R, Z and data;

11. look after the total depth of cut δ value of main shaft deducts bottom surface surplus 3mm, along the feed of Z axle, with a cutter/or two cutter feeds to (δ Z-3);

12.X, Y, α, Y-axis keep motionless, manual swivel table central shaft, pendulum mills δ θ ₁Angle, this moment, the digital display value was (θ+δ θ ₁), the pendulum of finishing a runner on the face of cylinder mills;

13. mobile main shaft carries milling cutter to wheel cap surface of revolution place, manually swivel table rotates δ θ angle with corner, at this moment digital display θ=θ+(360 °/number of blade);

14. repeat the 10---13 step, each leaf road is rough milled and is finished on the R face of cylinder;

15. corresponding different R (x) value along the radial direction feed, repeats the 7---14 step, whole impeller channel is rough milled finish.

16., determine the depth of cut of R direction according to needs thick, the fine finishining scallop-height;

Its scallop-height $h=\frac{d}{2}(1-\cos \mathrm{\θ}),$ $\mathrm{\θ}={\sin }^{-1}\left(\frac{s}{d}\right).$ D is a milling cutter diameter in the formula, and S is a R direction feed step pitch.

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