CN1399729A - Fabrication of aligned liquid crystal cell/film by simultaneous alignment and phase separation - Google Patents
Fabrication of aligned liquid crystal cell/film by simultaneous alignment and phase separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN1399729A CN1399729A CN 00812435 CN00812435A CN1399729A CN 1399729 A CN1399729 A CN 1399729A CN 00812435 CN00812435 CN 00812435 CN 00812435 A CN00812435 A CN 00812435A CN 1399729 A CN1399729 A CN 1399729A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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Abstract
A method for simultaneously fabricating a phase separated organic film and microstructures with liquid crystal having desired alignment is disclosed. The method includes the step of preparing a mixture of liquid crystal material, prepolymer, and polarization-sensitive material. The mixture is disposed on a substrate and a combination of UV or visible light or heat treatment is applied while simultaneously inducing phase separation so as to form a layer or microstructure of appropriately aligned liquid crystal material adjacent the substrate.
Description
Invention field
The invention belongs to the optical modulation device field of making by the compositing organic material that adopts the autoregistration alignment layer.Specifically, the present invention combines two processes, a process is to use polarized UV rays irradiation to carry out optical registration on the spot and arranges, another process is to use the compound organic membrane of being separated of single stage method or multistep processes (PSCOF) technology to realize anisotropic being separated, and prepares the aligning arrangement liquid crystal film that is adjacent to polymeric layer that has or do not have tilt angle with this.Particularly, this method does not need to make in advance two liquid crystal cells that respectively just can prepare the aligning arrangement in its suprabasil aligning alignment layer.
Background technology
The PSCOF method be recently in the invention of Kent state university and use, in order to the polymeric layer parallel to each other and the liquid crystal layer of preparation adjacency.This method is disclosed in US patent 5,949,508, is hereby incorporated by.The PSCOF method comprises a kind of process used that is similar in making polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.Polymkeric substance that mixes with predetermined ratio and liquid crystal place between two substrates with strict regulations thickness or are covered in a kind of substrate.When a branch of ultraviolet ray from one side incident, phase separation just begins.Higher owing to light intensity near the UV source place, polymerization (with being separated) speed is very fast.Along with the beginning that is separated, organic or liquid crystal material is evicted from polymeric part and is begun UV source migration dorsad.As a result, on the one side of unit, obtain the homogeneous polymer film, and forming basically liquid crystal layer uniformly on the relative one side away from the unit of ultraviolet source.Aim to arrange with coating in advance and liquid crystal material is easy to wetting layer and can promotes liquid crystal separating from polymkeric substance in the sort of substrate away from UV source.Can form in such a manner and aim at the liquid crystal film of arranging.
Aim at alignment layer and be made of the long-chain polymeric material usually, common this material will experience the process of mechanical friction for example or ultraviolet radiation afterwards to change its surface nature.There are several generally accepted technology to be used in the substrate of liquid crystal device, forming and aim at alignment layer.The general method of using is that organic/polymer film is rubbed or optical registration, and inorganic material is evaporated.Though each method can make liquid crystal material aim at and arrange, each method all has concrete defective.
The method that alignment layer is aimed in the most frequently used formation is a friction techniques.In this method, for example, polyamic acid is rotary coating or is deposited on suprabasil.Polyamic acid is carried out two kinds of thermal treatments, softly cure and acutely cure to form polyimide (PI) film.After suitably cooling off a period of time, with cloth velvet friction PI film on consistent all the time single direction for example.When liquid crystal touched rubbing surface, liquid crystal was just aimed at along frictional direction and is arranged later on.Unfortunate this method can cause mechanical damage and produce electrostatic charge, and the two all is unfavorable for liquid crystal display, particularly to adopting the liquid crystal display of thin film transistor (TFT).This kind rubbing manipulation has also produced dust from cloth and PI, and it may pollute liquid crystal material.
The another kind of method of aiming at alignment layer that forms comprises the aforesaid PI film that generates in substrate.The ultraviolet ray of linear polarization projects on the surface of PI film and arranges to produce the molecular alignment that needs.UV radiation is the photosensitizing chemical key among the photodissociation PI anisotropically, is included in those keys on the imide ring.This has reduced the polarization of PI molecule selectively and has changed its surface nature and form.Unfortunately, the aligning alignment layer of this method generation and anchor very insecure and the thermal stability and the poor chemical stability of liquid crystal.In addition, this method needs the expensive rapid technology of multistep.Another defective of this method is to compare with friction techniques, and it only can provide limited electric charge to hold rate and lower thermal stability.
A kind of similar approach of using the photopolymer preparation to aim at alignment layer also is known.For example, can use photopolymer to make liquid crystal material aim at arrangement as the film of poly-(vinyl) 4-Methoxycinnamate (PVMC), poly-(vinyl) cinnamate (PVC) and polysiloxane cinnamate.Be exposed to when these materials under the ultraviolet ray (LPUV) of linear polarization and just caused light reaction later in solvent evaporation.This method causes crosslinked (bonding) of side chain molecule and product to be orientated all on single direction, promptly by the definite direction of linear polarization.Yet these methods can not be in the orientation with the chemical mode fixed member, and when it is exposed in the unpolarized ultraviolet ray of common existence, this aligning is arranged and can be disappeared.And along with the disappearance of time, the chemical composition of these materials can be lost.Therefore, the aligning alignment layer that produces like this can not facilitate liquid crystal material to have fixing, stable orientation.
Be used for another method of form aiming at alignment layer in the substrate be by the surface of evaporation in substrate of inorganic material on the incident angle deposit of different in kind.This forms a kind of aligning alignment layer of being determined liquid crystal aligning by self structure.The inorganic material that has adopted comprises Si oxide and magnesium oxide.This deposition process in manufacture process, proved trouble with unworkable.
The method that forms the aligning alignment layer by the another kind of Kent state university exploitation is a ultraviolet irradiation method on the spot.This method is disclosed in US patent 5,936,691, is hereby incorporated by.This irradiance method on the spot is similar to the PI film is exposed to conventional method under the polarized UV rays.Yet this irradiance method on the spot is just by soft and it is carried out ultraviolet irradiation when acutely curing at polyimide (PI) film.Compare with the ultraviolet irradiation technology of routine, the aligning alignment layer that obtains like this has higher anchor energy, and thermal stability is better.For example, can lose to aim at after keeping 12 hours at 100 ℃ with the unit of conventional method preparation and arrange, and keep the sign of not degenerating in 12 hours at 300 ℃ by the unit of irradiance method preparation on the spot.The irradiance method on the spot that alignment layer is aimed in this formation has been avoided many defectives of other method known in this field, only needs less and better simply treatment step simultaneously.
Though this irradiance method has on the spot proved effectively, it still requires this aligning alignment films also must suitably be applied and handle.And, for all above-mentioned aligning aligning methods that discusses, if just may damage the aligning alignment layer because of carelessness when between manufacturing site location, transmitting this substrate.Think also that in theory known aligning alignment layer only can directly influence the liquid crystal material that is adjacent at present.
According to the above, in this field, obviously need a kind of method that comprises the optical modulation device of the compound organic membrane that is separated and make this film, this film is just aimed at equably during generating and is arranged, and need not prepare and handle independently the aligning alignment layer with different in kind.
Summary of the invention
According to the above, a first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method that comprises the optical modulation device of be separated compound organic membrane or microstructure and make this device, wherein this device makes liquid crystal material aim at arrangement equably, does not need two kinds independently to aim at alignment layer.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the compound organic membrane that is separated that a kind of autoregistration is arranged, and this film adopts single stage method or the multistep processes manufacturing that is separated simultaneously with the optical registration arrangement.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of anisotropic membrane or microstructure of being made by the method for carrying out optical registration arrangement and photopolymerization simultaneously.
A further aspect of the invention provides a kind of by carrying out anisotropic membrane or the microstructure that optical registration is arranged and the solvent-induced method that is separated is made simultaneously, and wherein the arrangement of the aligning of liquid crystal is to obtain on all interior polymeric thing interfaces (wall) of microstructure.
Also aspect of the present invention provides a kind of film or microstructure of being made by the method for carrying out optical registration arrangement and heat-induced aggregation simultaneously.
Also aspect of the present invention provides a kind of anisotropic membrane that comprises two or more layers or microstructure by the multistep processes preparation, and wherein liquid crystal material layer is aimed at the orientation of arranging and different in kind can be arranged on each film surface respectively.
Others of the present invention are a kind of methods that are used to make anisotropic membrane, the step that comprises has: the polyimide of rotary coating Photocrosslinkable in substrate, the reactive liquid crystal monomer of rotary coating on polyimide applies polarized light the optical registration arrangement and the polymerization of the crosslinked and reactive monomer of polyamic acid is taken place simultaneously.Ultraviolet ray causes forming a kind of suitable form on polyimide/liquid crystal interface, and this form has been determined the orientation of liquid crystal material subsequently.
Also aspect of the present invention is a kind of method that is used to make anisotropic membrane, the step that comprises has: rotary coating liquid crystal polymer (LCP) in substrate, rotary coating reactive monomeric on LCP applies polarized light the optical registration arrangement of LCP and the optical registration arrangement and the polymerization of reactive monomer is taken place simultaneously.
Also aspect of the present invention is a kind of method that is used to make anisotropic membrane, the step that comprises has: the potpourri of preparation liquid crystal material, polymkeric substance and solvent, potpourri is coated in the substrate, make solvent evaporation, apply polarized light and make the optical registration arrangement of liquid crystal material and the generation simultaneously that is separated.
Also aspect of the present invention is the method that is used to make anisotropic membrane, the step that comprises has: but the potpourri of preparation liquid crystal material and thermal polymerization monomer, potpourri is coated in the substrate, it is heat-treated make monomer polymerization, apply polarized light the liquid crystal material optical registration is arranged.
The aspect that the present invention adds is to be used to make the anisotropic membrane that comprises two or more layers or microstructure and/or the method for microstructure, the step that this method comprises has: sequentially carry out above-described two or more methods, prepare multilayer thus and aim at arrangement material, wherein liquid crystal on each interface/surface respectively with aim at arrangement singlely.
It is obvious that above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention will become along with the expansion of this detailed description, Here it is obtains a kind of method that can form the organic membrane of aiming at arrangement and being separated simultaneously, the method comprises: preparation liquid crystal, prepolymer and Polarization-Sensitive mixtures of material, coating mixture in substrate, utilizing light source to apply polarized light induces with the aligning of the liquid crystal that is separated and is separated that carries out potpourri simultaneously and arranges, form thus and aim at the liquid crystal material layer of arranging equably, this layer is adjacent with the layer at suprabasil polymkeric substance and Polarization-Sensitive material.
Others of the present invention are to obtain the method that a kind of manufacturing has the liquid crystal device of aiming at alignment properties, the method comprises: a kind of substrate is provided, first kind of potpourri is provided, wherein comprise first kind Polarization-Sensitive dose and prepolymer at least, second kind of potpourri is provided, wherein comprise second kind Polarization-Sensitive dose and prepolymer at least, in first kind or second kind of potpourri, mix liquid crystal, first kind of potpourri is coated in the substrate, second kind of potpourri is coated on first kind of potpourri, employing is selected from and comprises the visible light polarization at least, the ultraviolet ray polarization, thermal induction, chemical induction and solvent-induced method, startup is for the processing procedure of first kind of potpourri: adopt to be selected to comprise the visible light polarization at least, the ultraviolet ray polarization, thermal induction, chemical induction and solvent-induced method, startup is for the processing procedure of second kind of potpourri, and these methods are carried out liquid crystal aligning and aimed at arrangement.
It is to obtain a kind of unit of aiming at alignment properties that has that the present invention also has another purpose, this unit comprises a kind of substrate at least and is coated in this suprabasil potpourri, this potpourri comprises liquid crystal material, prepolymer material and Polarization-Sensitive material at least, wherein simultaneous polymerization and apply polarized light and cause being separated of potpourri and optical registration to be arranged, form the microstructure of polymkeric substance thus, this kind microstructure is given liquid crystal material and is aimed at the character of arranging.
These and other purposes of the present invention and surpass existing form technology advantage (it is obvious to become in description subsequently) by following elaboration with claim in the improvement that proposes embodied.
The accompanying drawing summary
In order fully to understand purpose of the present invention, technology and structure, should be with reference to following detailed description and accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the enlarged diagram according to the partial cross section of optical modulation device prototype of the present invention (in polyreaction with before aiming at arrangement);
Fig. 2 be according to optical modulation device of the present invention (a step aim at simultaneously arrange and polyreaction after) the enlarged diagram of partial cross section;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged diagram of finishing the partial cross section of the device that obtains after the multistep processes according to the present invention; And
Fig. 4 is an enlarged diagram of finishing the partial cross section of the micro structural component that obtains after the multistep processes according to the present invention;
Implement best mode of the present invention
With reference now to Fig. 1,, can find out optical modulation device prototype made in accordance with the present invention, briefly indicate with numeral 10.Be that (though can provide a kind of) independently aligning alignment layer of different in kind is not provided this optical modulation device prototype 10 with what obviously find out.Make optical modulation device of the present invention and can use a kind of like this method, it does not need independent spin coating step to be deposited in the substrate in order to the precursor material that will aim at alignment layer.This method does not need the soft aligning alignment layer of curing and/or acutely cure yet.In addition, this method do not need to rub or structurally contact float alignment layer to give the character that it will act on liquid crystal material subsequently.
Fig. 1 demonstrates the substrate 12 that the optical modulation device prototype comprises a pair of relative optical transparency, and they can be glass, plastics or this area other known materials usually.Beneficially, this device needs not be subjected to make the necessary temperature of aligning alignment layer imidization of prior art.As will seeing significantly: should not can use in the present invention as the temperature-sensitive material of substrate before this.In other words, pliable and tough base material such as plastics or polymer flake can be applied to liquid crystal device now, because of these devices need not be subjected to acutely cure with soft cure with the method for generate aiming at alignment layer in normally used high temperature.
Polaroid 14 can be configured in the outside surface of each substrate 12, and purpose is to improve the optical characteristics of transmitted light so that a kind of element of working under transmission mode to be provided.Electrode 18 can be arranged on the inside surface of each substrate 12.In preferred embodiments, each electrode 18 is a kind of indium tin oxide materials.Scheme as an alternative, for a kind of device of working under reflective-mode is provided, can in the outside of substrate and light source relatively places catoptron or light is dispersed sheet.
Power supply 20 joins by switch 22 and electrode 18.Switch 22 can be used for connecting power supply, makes two electric pole short circuits, or disconnects electrode with store charge on them.Use electric field or electromagnetic field or other external force cause that the liquid crystal or the organic material that are placed between the substrate produce the photoswitch effect.Can use the suitably action of the electronic driver gauge tap 22 of design.Each specific field of matrix unit device has been opened up in the use of electronic drive circuit, and this carries out having between these fields very big difference subsequently again.As shown in Figure 1, the cell gap width between electrode is determined by size 26.
Compositing organic material 28 comprises following component at least: organic or liquid crystal material, prepolymer and aligning are arranged for example polyimide of low-temperature curable of agent, and they are clamped between the substrate 12.In order to obtain material 28, liquid crystal material combines in solution with prepolymer and polyimide, and is filled between the substrate 12 by capillarity.Certainly, can adopt other known placement method.Use of the edge sealing of known method with substrate.Scheme as an alternative, material 28 can rotary coating in single substrate.
With reference now to Fig. 2,, can find out that be separated simultaneously by one step process and aim to arrange and make optical modulation element according to the present invention, it is briefly with numeral 30 expressions.
Usually, " one step process " is a kind of like this method, wherein will include machine or liquid crystal material, prepolymer at least and Polarization-Sensitive aligning will be arranged the method for for example chromophoric material layer of agent by for example rotary coating and be applied in the substrate, wherein adopt to be selected to comprise the polarization visible radiation, or the method that is separated of polarized UV rays radiation and some type is handled the substrate that applies.Thereby being all components, the characteristics of single stage method make the liquid crystal material component that is separated aim at arrangement equably with carrying out identical processing simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 2, the thickness of polymeric layer is by size 52 expressions, and the thickness of liquid crystal layer is by size 54 expressions.Can target as required adopt suitable fixed distance cell gap, select the physical parameter of liquid crystal film, for example thickness, aligning ordered state and liquid crystal material by adjusting component and passing through.Prepared the element of aiming at arrangement equably that adopts nematic crystal with method of the present invention.In addition, the liquid crystal of finding ferroelectric and anti-ferroelectric in this structure has gray shade scale and even has a bistability.These unit have much lower starting voltage, almost do not have light scattering (not fuzzy), and are stable on aspect mechanical aspects and the electrical property.Some liquid crystal material has shown improved electric light (E0) characteristic in the compound organic membrane that is separated.Use this method can also generate the controlled birefringence device of light.This method makes the uniform extremely thin liquid crystal film of manufacturing become possibility.Prepared the uniform film that several thickness can be compared with the wavelength of ruddiness with this method of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will know, in the embodiment of this invention, be separated by using thermal induction, chemical induction or solvent-induced technology to finish.Any can being used in combination with irradiation in these technology so that be separated and optical registration arrangement generation simultaneously.Though do not want to be limited by theory, can think on interface 44 and 46, to make liquid crystal material aim in uniform mode that polarized light plays conclusive effect in the process of arrangement.
Being suitable for implementing prepolymer of the present invention is photopolymerizable monomer, and this monomer when it is subjected to ultraviolet irradiation, is aimed on the tactic polymerization of monomer and the macroscopic view of polymkeric substance to arrange simultaneously and taken place like this ultraviolet polarization direction sensitivity.If add for example a kind of chromophore component, just can use common ultraviolet insensitive prepolymer to polarization.Like this, suitable prepolymer includes but are not limited to, NOA65 (can obtain from Norland Products company), vinyl ether, esters of acrylic acid, epoxy resin, diacetylene class, polyethylene kind or the like.For chromophore, can use for example azobenzene, 1, materials such as 2-talan, cinnamate, chalcone, cumarin, dimaleimide.Spendable polyimide be have low light absorptive have side chain all-or altogether-polyimide, and comprise SE1180,610 (can buy) and chromophore introducing functional group is wherein arranged from Nissan Chemical Ind..
According to the needed type of optical modulation device, can select liquid crystal material.Suitable liquid crystal material includes but are not limited to, nematic, ferroelectric, anti-ferroelectric, cholesteric with relevant liquid crystal material.
As mentioned above, the method for the application of the invention might prepare polymer film parallel to each other and aim at the liquid crystal film of arranging in a unit or in a kind of substrate.With reference now to Fig. 3,, can find out that the device that is used to implement single stage method of the present invention or multistep processes is briefly indicated with numeral 60.When adopting heat-induced aggregation, this device can be sealed in the thermal source 62.If be fit to, also can use heat from light source 32.
In an embodiment of aforesaid single stage method, the potpourri that makes reactive liquid crystal monomer, photosensitive monomer and low-temperature setting polyimide is used to prepare anisotropic membrane.Reactive liquid crystal monomer can be selected from the nematic diacrylate monomer and have the chirality diacrylate alloy of acrylate polymerizable groups.Photosensitive monomer for example NOA-65 and low-temperature setting polyimide for example SE-1180 mix with reactive liquid crystal monomer and form photochromics.This potpourri is rotated to be coated in the substrate.As shown in Figure 2, the light 34 of ultraviolet source 32 radiation is by linear polarizer 36.The light 38 of linear polarization is by substrate 12 and electrode 18 and irradiation coating potpourri.The ultraviolet induction of polarization is separated and the aligning of reactive liquid crystalline monomer takes place when arranging on interface 44.Single stage method of the present invention is not independently aimed under the situation of alignment layer at 46 places, interface, and the aligning that produces liquid crystal is arranged, and therefore no longer needs the rotary coating and the friction step of adding.
Similarly, reactive liquid crystal monomer can be selected from nematic diepoxy monomer and the chirality diepoxy alloy with epoxy polymerizable groups.Photosensitive monomer, light trigger and low-temperature setting polyimide mix with reactive epoxy type monomer.This potpourri is rotated and is coated in the substrate and by carrying out irradiation as mentioned above.The ultraviolet irradiation of polarization takes place when causing being separated with the optical registration arrangement.
The single stage method of above-mentioned discussion be used to form equably aim at the liquid crystal device of arranging and not have independently and the aligning alignment layer of different in kind aspect be considered to the most effective high with efficient.Above-mentioned additive method for example uses those methods of optical radiation, heat and/or solvent evaporation to implement based on the above, also can reach identical result basically.
In another example of single stage method, comprise the functionality side group for example the polyimide of the Photocrosslinkable of cinnamate or cumarin be produced out and be spin-coated in the substrate.Reactive then liquid crystal monomer, for example liquid crystal diacrylate, divinyl ether, diepoxy, liquid crystal diacetylene or other has bifunctionality or more the monomer and the light trigger of polyfunctionality are spin-coated on the Kapton.When causing optical registration arrangement and photopolymerization, the ultraviolet radiation of polarization subsequently takes place.Before polyimide solidified, the reactive liquid crystal monomer of spin coating may make the surface inhomogeneous a little on this polyimide layer, but can not hinder the aligning of liquid crystal material to arrange.
When the liquid crystal material that the multiple aligning of needs is arranged, can use multiple step." multistep processes " refers to a kind of like this method, wherein according to single stage method coat substrates and aligning alignment layer and/or the layer/microstructure handled with the generation liquid crystal material, spin coating number layer and go on foot or the multistep disposal route again on the former then overlay with aforesaid one, for example visible light or ultraviolet radiation, radiation combine with solvent evaporation with combined with heat treatment or radiation, handle again.Multistep processes comprises the applying step of successively implementing at least two kinds of materials, wherein the material of at least a type of coating during each step.More particularly, the multistep processes of the application of the invention can obtain the liquid crystal material interface of aiming at arrangement of different layers or microstructure singlely.In addition, the mask 70 that has suitable opening as shown in Figure 4 can be placed between polaroid and the substrate, can also reappose in order to assist to generate the microstructure 72 controlled with electricity of aiming at arrangement in each stage.
In general, Fig. 3 has shown the example of a kind of structure that the multistep processes of the application of the invention obtains.Can find out, electrode layer 18 can be configured to and substrate 12 adjacency that each layer has the induced polymer of the aligning arrangement of liquid crystal material, described in single stage method, is placed on the electrode layer.
When hope provides the liquid crystal guiding of different in kind on the interface of liquid crystal material and different material layer or microstructure adjacency, can adopt multistep processes, this kind different materials can be the polymeric layer of doped polyimide or the film of configuration, substrate or equivalence.Perhaps, can adopt multistep processes to form anisotropic membrane, wherein will form the material of aiming at alignment layer and at first be coated in the substrate, and wherein comprise liquid crystal material, another kind of material that prepolymer and aligning are arranged agent is coated on preceding a kind of material.These materials are separated and optical registration formation anisotropic membrane then.At least, the net result of multistep processes provides at least a aligning that is adjacent to substrate 12 to arrange contact bed 63 and the liquid crystal layer 66 that is adjacent to contact bed 63.In addition, being adjacent to second of liquid crystal layer 66 aim to arrange contact bed 68 and also can form.Multistep processes makes second aligning arrange contact bed and gives the orientation that liquid crystal layer 66 is different from the first aligning arrangement contact bed 63.Can predict in the device of the orientation that constitutes stable twisted nematic device, STN Super TN type device, light or electric controllable birefringence device or any needs change liquid crystal material, multistep processes will be exceedingly useful.According to final needs, the material of forming layer 63,66 and 68 can or form with various array mode coatings.Also will understand that: can use multistep processes to form the anisotropic membrane that additive method can not form.The advantage of this method is and need not twice spin-on material just can forms film.Usually, the prototype of device is selected from the processing of following mode: the polarized UV rays wavelength that uses different in kind, use the polarization visible wavelength of different in kind, use the ultraviolet ray of polarization and the visible light of polarization, carry out visible radiation and heating simultaneously, carry out ultraviolet radiation and solvent evaporation simultaneously, and ultraviolet radiation.The multistep processes and the various examples of the device that obtains of method thus will be discussed now.
In an example of multistep processes, (LCP) is spin-coated in the substrate with the azobenzene liquid crystal polymer.Reactive monomer for example liquid crystal diacrylate, divinyl ether, diepoxy, liquid crystal diacetylene or other have bifunctionality or more the monomer of polyfunctionality and suitable light trigger be coated on azobenzene LCP film above.Take place and cambium layer 63 and 66 when using the polarized UV rays radiation to cause optical registration arrangement and photopolymerization subsequently.Spin coating for the second time may make the surface of first tunic inhomogeneous a little, does not go wrong but can not aim to arrange.
In another example of multistep processes, for example NOA65 and the polyimide that contains the chromophore material mix and are coated in the substrate with photosensitive monomer.To the ultraviolet irradiation of coated substrate, cause polymer surfaces cyclic fluctuation cambium layer 63 with linear polarization.A kind of reactive liquid crystal monomer is spin-coated on the polymer surfaces and by ultraviolet irradiation and carries out polymerization.The result obtains anisotropic membrane.
In another example of multistep processes, the first kind of potpourri that comprises vinyl ether, light trigger and have a polyimide of chromophore component is spin-coated in the substrate and with wavelength and for example is less than or equal to about 320 millimicrons linear polarization ultraviolet irradiation.The second kind of potpourri that comprises acrylate, light trigger and have a chromophoric polyimide be spin-coated on first coating and with wavelength for example more than or equal to about 350 millimicrons linear polarization ultraviolet irradiation.Will know, can in needed liquid crystal material, add first kind or second kind of potpourri.In addition, the orientation of linear polarizer 36 can change so that obtain needed second kind of orientation as required after first kind of material carries out the irradiation first time.Also have, selected chromophore/photo-alignment material is depended in the selection of optical wavelength.Contain liquid crystal material according to any potpourri, the position of light source 32 can correspondingly be adjusted.The result obtains the multi-layered anisotropic film, and wherein every layer is orientated respectively with singlely, and this is useful to the optical compensation and the display device that need change orientation at the substrate surface of different in kind.Those skilled in the art will know that these potpourris can coating of backward ground and processing.In other words, these layers can be applied and be used ultraviolet irradiation continuously.Perhaps, can apply individual layer, use ultraviolet irradiation, apply the second layer then and re-use ultraviolet irradiation.
Equally, by selecting suitable composition combination, can use multistep processes of the present invention to make several coated substrate, wherein one deck comprises vinyl ether, light trigger and has chromophoric polyimide and according to mode treatment with uv radiation discussed above, and the second layer comprises acrylate and have chromophoric polyimide and handle with visible radiation.For making a kind of material polymerization and aim to arrange, its reply visible light sensitivity, therefore the maleimide at least about 1% sufficient amount joins in the potpourri.As a result of, use wavelength for example more than or equal to 410 millimicrons visible light irradiation to this potpourri.As above-mentioned, liquid crystal material can or in first kind of potpourri or in second kind of potpourri.Certainly, can change the polarization direction as required in order to change the orientation of liquid crystal material.This multistep processes has been used for manufacturing delay film and other electrooptic cell.
In another embodiment of multistep processes of the present invention, the ground floor that comprises epoxy monomer and hardening agent is coated in the substrate and heat-treats with induced polymerization.The second layer that comprises monomer, the light trigger of available ultraviolet curing and be used for the polyimide of optical registration is coated on the ground floor and with the ultraviolet irradiation of linear polarization.If desired, can apply these layers by reversed sequence.If like this, have chromophoric polyimide and will be included in the layer that thermal treatment forms.As above-mentioned, liquid crystal material can be included in the potpourri of ground floor or be included in the potpourri of the second layer.These devices provide the liquid crystal aligning of different in kind to be used for light delay, light compensation and adjustable light delay.
In another embodiment, the ground floor that comprises reactive liquid crystalline monomer, light trigger and polyimide is coated in the substrate and according to the above uses the visible light irradiation of linear polarization.The second layer that comprises epoxy resin and hardening agent is coated on the ground floor and according to the above heating and impels the solvent-induced of the second layer to be separated.If desired, also can operate these layers by reversed sequence.
Equally, in multistep processes of the present invention, can use thermal induction to be separated.The layer that comprises polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and reactive liquid crystal monomer can carry out deposit before or after ultraviolet ray or visible light are to layer irradiation.If adopt ultraviolet ray, prepolymer for example polymethylmethacrylate or polyimide uses with reactive monomer, ultraviolet initiating agent and liquid crystal material.If the use visible light, uv initiator is replaced by visible light initiator.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that advantage of the present invention is a lot.At first, optical modulation device of the present invention can be used for light and the controlled device of electricity.This kind disclosed method is made a kind of aligning arrangement liquid crystal device that does not have the independent aligning alignment layer that forms with single ultraviolet irradiation step, it is more simple and more economical, and can replace known method to be used to make the liquid crystal device of any present employing aligning alignment layer.The cancellation friction process can make the infringement to device reduce and improve the manufacturing productive rate.The high temperature that uses in the cancellation prior art bakes operation is used plastic-substrates.
Method of the present invention is very flexible and changeable, can be used for nematic, ferroelectrics, anti-ferroelectrics and cholesteric liquid crystal material, and these only is several examples.Method of the present invention can be used for making the anisotropic membrane of multilayer, and wherein every layer has separately and unique orientation.By adjusting the incident angle of irradiation, can in liquid crystal layer, obtain the molecule tilt angle.During applying ultraviolet ray or visible light, use the patterned microstructure of mask to can be used for making active device or anyly can use up, device that electricity comes switch, perhaps to the device of mechanicalness external force sensitivity.In addition, be applicable to any liquid crystal device of arranging that needs to aim at by the described method of the disclosure.
Therefore, can find out that more than structure of Zhan Shiing and using method thereof have reached purpose of the present invention.Although according to patent statute, only show and describe optimal mode and preferred embodiment in detail, also not therefore and limited should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to this.Therefore, understand true scope of the present invention and range, should be with reference to following claim.
Claims (29)
1. finish the manufacture method that is separated and aims at the organic membrane of arrangement simultaneously for one kind, comprising:
Preparation liquid crystal, prepolymer and Polarization-Sensitive mixtures of material;
Described potpourri is coated in the substrate; With
Apply by light source and to take place when aligning that polarized light causes being separated of described potpourri and the liquid crystal that is separated is arranged, form thus and aim at the liquid crystal material layer of arranging equably, this layer is with adjacent at that layer of described suprabasil polymkeric substance and described Polarization-Sensitive material.
2. according to the method for claim 1, also comprise:
Second kind of substrate of coating on described layer.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the described irradiation steps that applies makes the major part at least of described Polarization-Sensitive material mix with described prepolymer, described Polarization-Sensitive material is given described liquid crystal material and is aimed at the character of arranging.
4. according to the method for claim 1, also comprise:
Inserting polaroid between described light source and described substrate arranges to give needed directed aligning of described liquid crystal material.
5. according to the method for claim 4, also comprise:
Approaching described substrate and ultraviolet light source is being set with an opposite side of a side that has applied described potpourri.
6. according to the method for claim 4, also comprise:
Approaching described substrate and visible light source is being set with an opposite side of a side that has applied described potpourri.
7. according to the method for claim 1, also comprise:
The original mixture for preparing initial prepolymer and initial Polarization-Sensitive material; With
Before the described applying step described original mixture is being coated in the described substrate.
8. according to the method for claim 7, the wherein said initial Polarization-Sensitive material pair optical wavelength sensitivity different with described Polarization-Sensitive material character.
9. according to the method for claim 8, also comprise:
Before described applying step, described original mixture is applied initial polarized light and aim at the orientation of arranging to give it.
10. according to the method for claim 8, also comprise:
After described applying step, described original mixture is applied initial polarized light and aim at the orientation of arranging to give it.
11. the method according to claim 10 also comprises:
At described mask and the polaroid between described light source and described substrate, placed before applying irradiation steps so that form the described liquid crystal layer that has microstructure.
12. the method according to claim 11 also comprises:
Between described light source and described substrate, place another mask described after initially applying irradiation steps.
13. according to the method for claim 7, wherein said initial Polarization-Sensitive material and described polarized material activate by ultraviolet ray or visible light.
14. the method according to claim 1 also comprises:
Preparation has the described potpourri of thermal activation prepolymer at least; With
The described potpourri of thermal activation is to induce the orientation that is separated and gives described liquid crystal alignment arrangement.
15. according to the method for claim 14, wherein said polarized light is visible light or ultraviolet ray.
16. the method according to claim 1 also comprises:
Preparation has the described potpourri of epoxy and resin; With
Described potpourri is separated to induce described potpourri to be separated and to give the orientation that described liquid crystal alignment is arranged.
17. according to the method for claim 16, wherein said polarized light is visible light or ultraviolet ray.
18. the method according to claim 1 also comprises:
At described mask and the polaroid between described light source and described substrate, placed before applying irradiation steps so that form the described liquid crystal layer that has microstructure.
19. a manufacturing has the method for the liquid crystal device of aiming at alignment properties, comprising:
A kind of substrate is provided;
At least the first kind of potpourri that comprises first kind Polarization-Sensitive dose and prepolymer is provided;
At least the second kind of potpourri that comprises second kind Polarization-Sensitive dose and prepolymer is provided;
Liquid crystal is mixed described first kind of potpourri or second kind of potpourri;
Described first kind of potpourri is coated in the described substrate;
At described first kind of described second kind of potpourri of coating above the potpourri;
Employing is selected from and comprises that at least visible light polarization, ultraviolet polarization, thermal induction, chemical induction and solvent-induced method start a kind of process to described first kind of potpourri;
Employing is selected from and comprises that at least visible light polarization, ultraviolet polarization, thermal induction, chemical induction and solvent-induced method start a kind of process to described second kind of potpourri; With
Described process is given described liquid crystal aligning and is aimed at arrangement.
20. according to the method for claim 19, use a kind of described polarizing method and a kind of described abductive approach so that be separated described liquid crystal from described prepolymer a kind of the comprising at least in the wherein said setting up procedure simultaneously.
21. the method according to claim 19 also comprises:
Described first kind and second kind of potpourri are clipped between second kind of substrate and the first kind of substrate, make second kind of substrate be fixed in first kind of substrate.
22. according to the method for claim 19, wherein said polarizing method comprises:
Placing light source near on the position of described substrate; With
Between described substrate and described light source, place polaroid.
23. the method according to claim 19 also comprises:
Reappose described polaroid later at described first setting up procedure, the wherein said Polarization-Sensitive dose of arrangement of aiming at of on its separately and interface described liquid crystal, giving different orientation.
24. according to the method for claim 17, the wherein said process of inducing from described liquid crystal, be separated described prepolymer and described Polarization-Sensitive dose.
25. one kind has the unit of aiming at alignment properties, comprising:
At least a substrate; With
Be coated in described suprabasil potpourri, described potpourri comprises liquid crystal material, prepolymer material and Polarization-Sensitive material at least, wherein carry out polyreaction simultaneously and apply polarized light described potpourri being separated and the optical registration arrangement, form thus and give the polymer micro-structural that described liquid crystal material is aimed at alignment properties.
26. the unit according to claim 25 also comprises:
Before the described first kind of potpourri of coating, second kind of potpourri is coated in the described substrate, described second kind of potpourri comprises second kind of Polarization-Sensitive material at least, wherein applies polarized light and makes described second kind of potpourri of giving described liquid crystal material aligning alignment properties carry out the optical registration arrangement.
27. according to the unit of claim 26, wherein formed different in kind between described liquid crystal material and described polymer micro-structural and the described Polarization-Sensitive material and between described liquid crystal material and described second kind of Polarization-Sensitive material and interface independently.
28. according to the device of claim 27, wherein said interface makes described liquid crystal material aim at arrangement on the orientation of different in kind.
29. according to the device of claim 28, wherein said liquid crystal material has formed microstructure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15243099P | 1999-09-03 | 1999-09-03 | |
| US60/152430 | 1999-09-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1399729A true CN1399729A (en) | 2003-02-26 |
Family
ID=22542886
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00812435 Pending CN1399729A (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2000-09-01 | Fabrication of aligned liquid crystal cell/film by simultaneous alignment and phase separation |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1221066A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003508820A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1399729A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU7099800A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001018594A2 (en) |
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| CN100345051C (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2007-10-24 | 京东方显示器科技公司 | Method for aligning polymer network liquid crystal |
| CN100351677C (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2007-11-28 | 电子科技大学 | Liquid crystal display device containing nano polymer network and its manufacturing method |
| CN101236321B (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2010-06-02 | 哈利盛东芝照明株式会社 | Manufacturing device for liquid crystal display panel and manufacturing method of the same |
| CN103293585A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Phase difference board, display device and method for producing phase difference board |
| CN105182615A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-23 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Display panel |
| CN105182614A (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2015-12-23 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN106990615A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-28 | 豪威科技股份有限公司 | Form the method and display device of the both alignment layers of liquid crystal display device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA2330894A1 (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-12 | Universite De Sherbrooke | Optically aligned and network-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystals using azobenzene-containing diacrylate monomers |
| PT102559A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-07-31 | Liquid Crystal Technologies Te | PROCESS FOR PREPARING ALIGNMENT LAYERS WITH DETERMINED ANCHOR PROPERTIES FOR LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICE |
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| JP5951936B2 (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2016-07-13 | Jsr株式会社 | Manufacturing method of liquid crystal display element |
| RU2683873C1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-02 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Московской области Московский государственный областной университет (МГОУ) | Method of formation of polarization-sensitive material, polarization-sensitive material produced therewith and polarization-optical elements and devices, including specified polarization-sensitive material |
| CN115220267B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-07-25 | 南京大学 | Construction method of liquid crystal injection porous smooth surface and microfluidic application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5473450A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1995-12-05 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with a polymer between liquid crystal regions |
| EP0611981B1 (en) * | 1993-02-17 | 1997-06-11 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Optical device |
| DE59510708D1 (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 2003-07-10 | Rolic Ag Zug | Optical component made from layers of crosslinked liquid-crystalline monomers and process for its production |
| JP3424025B2 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 2003-07-07 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Method for manufacturing polymer dispersed liquid crystal element |
| JP3336934B2 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2002-10-21 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal device and method of manufacturing the same |
| JPH11237612A (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-31 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | High polymer dispersed liquid crystal element and its production |
-
2000
- 2000-09-01 WO PCT/US2000/024025 patent/WO2001018594A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-09-01 JP JP2001522129A patent/JP2003508820A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-01 AU AU70998/00A patent/AU7099800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-09-01 EP EP00959728A patent/EP1221066A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-09-01 CN CN 00812435 patent/CN1399729A/en active Pending
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| CN100351677C (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2007-11-28 | 电子科技大学 | Liquid crystal display device containing nano polymer network and its manufacturing method |
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| CN105182614B (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2018-07-27 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| CN105182615A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2015-12-23 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | Display panel |
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| CN106990615A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-28 | 豪威科技股份有限公司 | Form the method and display device of the both alignment layers of liquid crystal display device |
| CN106990615B (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2021-05-07 | 豪威科技股份有限公司 | Method for forming alignment layer of liquid crystal display device and display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2001018594A2 (en) | 2001-03-15 |
| EP1221066A2 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
| AU7099800A (en) | 2001-04-10 |
| JP2003508820A (en) | 2003-03-04 |
| WO2001018594A3 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
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