Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the weak point of prior art, propose a kind of highly sensitively, transformer critical parameters blocking surge that reliability, rapidity, adaptation function are good and adaptive fast are replied immediately and are declared type differential protection diagnostic method.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of transformer critical parameters blocking surge and adaptive fast are replied immediately and are declared type differential protection diagnostic method, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) gathers and real-time each side voltage of calculating transformer, each phase current instantaneous value of each side and each side electric current angle of homophase, obtain the critical parameters that shove with this;
(2) start outlet fast to gathering and handle in real time multinomial locking outlet, the internal fault declaring to shove replied immediately soon of each electric parameters by differential protection, declare again when external fault and differential protection to be in trap locking attitude;
(3) each side electric current of transformer is pressed conversion coefficient self adaptation balancing, and by coefficient with gather in real time magnitude of current self adaptation and declare fast and to jump value and angle;
(4) by real-time collection with reply immediately soon and declare each electric parameters and judge and shove and internal and external fault that its criterion is:
Each number of phases of each side is adopted beginning before the Transformer Close, and by moment behind close a floodgate point and the combined floodgate, each side phase current is synchronous from " 0 " → non-" 0 ", then is inrush phenomenon;
In making process, add in the electric parameters and declare electric current power frequency amount difference and be lower than mains side value and synchronous criterion
Decay, in then judge not having so, the locking outlet;
To declare again with the electric current with portion be main to declare to each electric parameters in the transformer running: certain is each side value mutation mutually, this phase difference jumps, add and declare each side value angle, declare soon and internal fault, certain each side value of phase is suddenlyd change synchronously, adds and declares angle, the asynchronous increment of difference, then declares external fault, each electric parameters all belongs to normal value, the locking outlet.
The present invention adopts the method for shoving that the reliable locking of critical parameters quick discrimination method is closed a floodgate and outer event excision voltage gos up, and to reply immediately the fault quick discrimination method of declaring technology formation self adaptation three shaped form differential protections soon, in high speed, number is adopted technology during high-precision real, signal is handled in real time and is made differential protection of the present invention in sensitivity on the basis, reliability, rapidity, adaptation function has tangible innovative point: declare again in real time by critical parameters and can adapt to various core materials, the inrush current of transformer of various voltages and capacitance grade and remanent magnetism coefficient is even judge by accident in that this process is a certain, fail to judge and also can not cause malfunction; Adaptive fast is replied immediately and is declared the type differential protection and break down in the transformer running in real time, declare with pacing; and declare again through self adaptation three curve characteristics its internal fault ultrahigh speed (in the 5ms) is judged; the reliable locking of external fault is in " trap states ", comprehensive technical performance, index advanced fairly obvious.
The present invention can reach following performance index:
1, the inrush current of transformer critical parameters are replied immediately soon and are declared and can export in the reliable locking of 3ms, thereafter, and the interval angle θ in the waveform
j, the ratio i of second harmonic value and power frequency value in the electric current
2f/ i
f, waveform symmetry difference ± Δ θ is auxilliary declares the inrush current prevention malfunction.
2, because of even the erroneous judgement of a certain parameter of the reliability of declaring technology again can not cause malfunction yet, the process of shoving internal fault occurs and also declares synchronously to enter again and declare.
3, in real time, each data that precision is high enter and declare again synchronously in the major loop, the startup outlet so the back is correctly declared at 3-5ms in taking place, a whole set of operate time of protection is about 10ms.
4, declare function again because of " self adaptation three curves ", the normal startup value of its differential protection is by sudden change increment 0.25 I
WAdjust I
WBe load current value, restraint coefficient is about 0.4, and its sensitivity, reliability are by the amount of declaring assurance again.Declare fast in so self adaptation is adjusted with the curve of outer event trap.
5, the self-adapted tolerance among the present invention is declared technology soon and can effectively be prevented the malfunction of current transformer CT broken string, overexcitation impact etc., not necessarily adds locking in addition.
Embodiment:
Transformer critical parameters blocking surge of the present invention and adaptive fast are replied immediately and are declared type differential protection diagnostic method, and its feature may further comprise the steps:
(1) adopt in real time, high accuracy, high reliability number adopt platform, in real time, accurately gathers each electric values of transformer and Synchronous Processing power frequency sudden change value in real time;
(2) will gather and handle the power frequency variate in real time declares each one of loop by the transformer differential protection master and implements to declare again synchronously;
(3) can declare the operation of the reliable locking that to shove, normal state, internal fault again according to the real-time acquisition process of above-mentioned each electric parameters and export tripping operation, the external fault locking that traps fast, the basic criterion of its real-time electric parameters is:
A. implement to gather n, h[i before the combined floodgate that puts into operation from each side voltage of transformer, electric current
P, u
P], n is each side, and h is each phase, and P is t
0-, t
0, t
0+,, this moment is real to be t
0-Before combined floodgate wink, t
0Be combined floodgate point, t
0+Close a floodgate after wink, synchronous from each side voltage normal fluctuation, each phase current of each side from " 0 " → " non-0 " attitude, then judge and close a floodgate;
B. declare synchronously in the combined floodgate decision process and respectively differ current instantaneous value and waveform and transformer main power source side (or the main load of band subtracts each other) is lower slightly synchronously, and outside each fault phase current and the asynchronous judgement of differential values so, outer so the critical parameters judgement of excision, voltage rise process is shoved, declare the frequency difference value of going to work at the same time
And decay, wherein ε
1DZFor differential normal startup value, then be judged to be the no internal fault of normally shoving, the Blocking Differential Protection outlet.
C. in the transformer running, the phase voltage that breaks down (single-phase, alternate) bust, corresponding phase current values jumps, phase current (each side) direction and phase current difference be value more synchronously, then declare fast internal fault, in entering thus the highly sensitive curve of low braking declare again;
D. running generation phase voltage (single-phase, alternate) bust, the phase current sudden change, so corresponding each side current opposite in direction and in the asynchronous difference (may be worth more) that just occurs then is judged to be external fault, enters outer trap states;
E. running is monitored each data value and angle direction process in real time, the erroneous judgement of anti-CT broken string.
F. each value of three curves declared of adaptive fast is: normally move difference startup value ε
1DZ≈ 0.25, knee of curve b
1Be 1.1, restraint coefficient K
1Be 0.4, quick-break value c
1Be 1.5 times of rated values (shove, die outward and establish locking in addition); Interior so the sensitive curve startup value ε of low system
2DZ≈ 0.15 is the running value of jumping, knee of curve b
2Be 1.5, restraint coefficient K
2Be 0.15-0.25, quick-break value c
2Be 0.3 times of rated value (shove, die outward and establish locking in addition); Outer so the asynchronous startup value ε that jumps of trap curve difference
3DZ≈ 0.25, knee of curve b
2≈ 0.3, K
3=∞ is trap locking attitude;
G. declaring again real-time on critical parameters and the internal and external fault basis, as hysteresis is set is declaring again, can declare through zero crossing, peak value and interval angle θ
j, ripple is wide, waveform symmetry ± Δ θ, harmonic content etc. are declared to shove, internal and external fault; θ
i<15 °, ± ripple is poor<and 10 °, i
2f/ i
f≯ 8% equivalence is waited to adjust, by this adjust as shove lag behind critical parameters effectively latch-up protection exempt from malfunction.
H. the transformer differential protection adaptive fast is replied immediately and is declared internal fault (ground connection, turn-to-turn short circuit) equation group and be:
Δ i
n>i
W(I), i
WBe each side electric current steady-state value, Δ i
nBe each side electric current
Instantaneous increment.
(II), (I), (II) declare item for the basis, must enter.
Δ U ↓ (III), Δ U ↓ be voltage value of jumping.
3U
0↑ (IV), 3U
0↑ be the residual voltage value of jumping.
3I
0↑ (V), 3I
0↑ be the zero-sequence current value of jumping, (III), (IV),
(V) be synchronous elementary item, fit into (I), (II).
i
2f/i
f<8% (VI),
θ
j<15° (VII),
±Δθ<10° (VIII)。(VI), (VII), (VIII) auxilliaryly declare, can not advance
Go into normally to reply immediately soon and declare.
This inequality is declared again and must be carried out on the critical basis of shoving.
(I) fault side phase current jumps in the formula, and other side current value of this phase also suddenlys change, and adds to declare this phase variate angle, i
WBe fault presteady state value;
(II) formula is that fault phase differential values jumps, consider by turn-to-turn short circuit sensitivity, this value must with Δ i
nJump and judge synchronously (so asynchronous for outer), this difference of inrush phenomenon process and mains side waveform, angle synchronously and decay to normal state, quick lock exports;
(III) to be fault phase (line) voltage die declare method and declare by sine is instantaneous formula soon, no-voltage instrument transformer PT broken string but must declare;
(IV) formula is declared synchronously in (III) formula and residual voltage value 3U
0Jump, no-voltage instrument transformer PT broken string but also must declare;
(V) formula declares zero-sequence current 3I synchronously for jumping in (I) formula
0Jump, declare, and judge no current instrument transformer CT broken string by each phase instantaneous value computing;
(VI) formula is for everyly declaring soon on the basis above-mentioned, and by real-time data acquisition with calculate the second harmonic amount synchronously, CT can not occur saturated for general internal fault in 5ms, its second harmonic content declare be normal in event;
(VII), (VIII) formula will declare and " self adaptation three curves " are declared on the basis again above-mentioned every replying immediately soon, declare from zero passage point value, peak point interval angle and waveform symmetry degree, hysteresis is declared again and internal fault interval angle θ like this
jWhen<15 °, the positive and negative half-wave Δ of waveform symmetry degree θ<10 ° is internal fault power frequency amount.
The critical parameters locking of above-mentioned transformer differential protection and self adaptation quick discrimination method can be obtained through each data in real time, and its sensitivity, reliability, the advantage of property is very outstanding real-time.Of the present invention reply immediately substantially soon to declare by (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V) be elementary item, wherein (I), (II) for declaring item in the basis; (VI), (VII), (VIII) are auxilliary declares and can add this according to engineering and customer requirements, by>n-2/n result of determination, n is for declaring item.
The present invention proposes the shove critical parameters locking, self adaptation three curves of super (spy) high-tension transformer and reply immediately the embodiment of the differential protection of declaring principle soon, be described in detail as follows in conjunction with each accompanying drawing:
The locking of the said inrush current of transformer critical parameters of the present invention; self adaptation three curves are replied immediately soon and are declared principle differential protection embodiment and be used for typical super (spy) high pressure three-circuit transformer system; as shown in Figure 1; wherein typical three-circuit transformer power system device of living in comprises: H; M; L is the height of three-circuit transformer; in; low-pressure side; equivalence electric power system 1; 2 and high voltage bus 3; the middle bus 4 of pressing; low-voltage bus bar (containing charged source) 5; circuit breaker 6; 7; 8; set 6 for analyzing combined floodgate main power source side circuit breaker; 9; 10; 11 is voltage transformer; 12; 13; 14 is high; in; low three side current transformers, 15 are high pressure neutral ground point current transformer (zero-sequence current).
The power system device effect is respectively described below among Fig. 1:
(1), H, M, L be high, normal, basic three sides of three-circuit transformer, is protected main apparatus, can be four side to five side type three-circuit transformers as high, middle side band branch.
(2), equivalent electric power system 1,2 is transformer primary and secondary power supply, inserts transformer height, middle side through high voltage bus 3, middle pressure bus 4 and respective circuit breakers 6,7, low-voltage bus bar 5 also might be that low-pressure system power supply or band generator insert step down side.
(3), voltage transformer 9,10,11 is high, medium and low three side voltage side amount and 3U
0Measure, its two sub-value is a 100V low-voltage input protection measuring junction.
(4), current transformer 12,13,14 is high, medium and low three side electric current side amounts, its two sub-value is 5A or 1A (rated value), the input protection measuring junction.
(5), zero sequence current mutual inductor 15 is that the high-pressure side neutral point measures, its two sub-value is 5A or 1A (rated value), input zero-sequenceprotection loop measuring junction.
Fig. 2 implements block diagram for the principle of the invention, critical data and running instantaneous value and the sudden change amount obtained adopted and handled in real time to each phase current of each side, voltage through measuring, counting, declare again by logic in the block diagram and to shove the critical parameters locking, inside and outside fault and self adaptation definite value and curve are replied immediately soon and are judged nature of trouble control outlet loop.
Fig. 3 replies immediately " three curves " of declaring differential protection soon for the present invention, declares again real-time through the square frame logic of Fig. 2 power transformer interior fault then with the highly sensitive startup outlet of the low braking of low startup, declares external fault then with the outlet of trap curve controlled, Lock effect.
Fig. 4 is a transformer running phase run mode, discriminating direction fault polar plot between instantaneous value and each side electric current during internal and external fault.
Be installed in the differential protection of the present invention in a complete set of protection equipment for transformer, by the power supply in the package unit (AC) DC/DC, electrical quantities measurement, digital collection and processing in real time; Lead to declare and comprise synchronously real-time decision state of each value and functional mutant in the loop; Hardware platform and software program module formation grading function criterion realization magnetizing inrush current (combined floodgate, outer event), normal state, internal fault, answering of external fault are declared quick function.Through real-time again the decision bits transformer move state of living in and reliably control " outlet of numerical control matrix " loop.