CN1398331A - Leakproof gas pressure regulator - Google Patents
Leakproof gas pressure regulator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1398331A CN1398331A CN01804706A CN01804706A CN1398331A CN 1398331 A CN1398331 A CN 1398331A CN 01804706 A CN01804706 A CN 01804706A CN 01804706 A CN01804706 A CN 01804706A CN 1398331 A CN1398331 A CN 1398331A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- regulator
- gas pressure
- pressure regulator
- diaphragm
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
- G05D16/06—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule
- G05D16/063—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane
- G05D16/0644—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane the membrane acting directly on the obturator
- G05D16/0663—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power the sensing element being a flexible membrane, yielding to pressure, e.g. diaphragm, bellows, capsule the sensing element being a membrane the membrane acting directly on the obturator using a spring-loaded membrane with a spring-loaded slideable obturator
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/04—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power
- G05D16/0402—Control of fluid pressure without auxiliary power with two or more controllers mounted in series
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
A gas pressure regulator (1) for regulating the flow of gas from a gas supply to a receptacle, includes: a regulator body (2) including a gas inlet (5), a gas outlet (6) and a gas passageway (7) extending between said inlet and said outlet, a first casing part (3) coupled to the regulator body (2), and a first diaphragm (9) interposed between said regulator body (2) and said first casing part (3) capable of restricting the flow of gas through one point along said gas passageway, and a second casing part (4) coupled to the regulator body (2), and a second diaphragm (12) interposed between said regulator body (2) and said second casing part (4) capable of restricting the flow of gas through a second point along said gas passageway. The gas pressure regulator does not include any venting to the external atmosphere, and the regulator body and each casing part is of sufficient strength to withstand the full pressure of gas supply, so that should one diaphragm fail, the regulator can continue to function without releasing gas to the atmosphere. The gas passageway also includes a restricted region (16) which restricts flow through the regulator should the second diaphragm fail. The gas pressure regulator is suitable for use in conjunction with a tank for transporting fish and other aquatic life by air.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of gas pressure regulator, more particularly, the present invention relates to so a kind of gas pressure regulator, it is suitable for use in and does not allow gas to leak into occasion the surrounding environment from gas pressure regulator.
Gas pressure regulator is usually used in controlling to the flow and the pressure of gas receiving vessel institute supplied gas from source of the gas (for example cylinder).Under some occasion, more very important is not allow to leak in the surrounding environment from the gas that the air feed cylinder flows to the container, and a tangible example is that combustion gas or oxygen-containing gas are provided in container, and this moment, surrounding environment existed potential risk on fire.
When using aircraft to transport fresh and alive aquatic products, need oxygen supply in the container that aquatic products are housed.Be used for comprising an opening that like this, in case gas pressure regulator lost efficacy, the pressure in the regulator is unlikely to be elevated to the degree that makes the regulator explosion, also can not reach high temperature on fire to traditional regulator of the container oxygen supply that aquatic products are housed.The function of this opening also is to make the diaphragm balance to stop the variation of external pressure.
Because contingent gas leakage will increase danger on fire, in aircraft dispatch, use this gas pressure regulator just particularly important.In addition, in the application that this gas pressure regulator of some other use control toxic gas is carried, also concerning the public's health and safety.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of gas pressure regulator of a bit gas leakage in the external environment condition that do not have.In this regulator, cause the gas leakage of being supplied in surrounding environment without any the inefficacy of an element.
According to the present invention, a kind of gas pressure regulator is provided, be used for regulating the air-flow that flows to the gas receiving vessel from source of the gas, it comprises:
The gas channel that regulator body, this main body are provided with gas access, gas outlet and extend between described entrance and exit;
Be connected in first housing parts of regulator body, and be arranged between the described regulator body and first housing parts, can the restricted passage gas channel in certain primary diaphragm of the gas flow at place a bit;
Be connected in second housing parts of regulator body, and be arranged between the described regulator body and second housing parts, can the restricted passage gas channel in the secondary diaphragm of second gas flow of locating;
Wherein, this gas pressure regulator does not comprise any opening that leads to external environment condition; Regulator body and each housing parts all have full intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear, and like this, even if a certain diaphragm lost efficacy, regulator still can continue operation (function), and gas can not leak in the surrounding environment; Gas channel also comprises a restricted area, if when secondary diaphragm lost efficacy, and the flow through flow of regulator of this restricted area restriction.
As hereinafter will further describing, under the situation that a certain diaphragm lost efficacy, gas pressure regulator continues and will be limited in to a certain degree via the gas flow that regulator flows to the gas receiving vessel, but does not need not be limited to initial setting at utmost.Therefore, above said " operation " (function) speech should so strictly not be interpreted as and only be meant conventional operating function.
Primary diaphragm preferably is in the upstream of secondary diaphragm.Therefore, primary diaphragm has constituted the part of the regulator first order; Secondary diaphragm has constituted the partial part of regulator.
The restricted area is preferably between secondary diaphragm and gas outlet.
Primary diaphragm preferably can be controlled, and when losing efficacy with convenient secondary diaphragm, delivery pressure can be reduced to a lower appropriate value, by primary diaphragm and restricted area the gas flow of the regulator of flowing through is limited in safety range.Better mode is that primary diaphragm is preset at a suitable position, be reduced to a lower appropriate value with delivery pressure with the primary diaphragm place, like this, when secondary diaphragm lost efficacy, the gas flow of the regulator of flowing through is limited in safety range by primary diaphragm and restricted area.
Preferably be provided with Sealing between the adjacent element of gas pressure regulator, to prevent the gas from leaking in the external environment condition.These Sealings all have enough intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear.
First and second housing parts preferably include the first and second cover caps and constitute.
The first and second cover caps are extending axially along regulator body preferably.Better mode is that the first and second cover caps begin to extend from two of regulator body opposite axial end portions.According to a specific preferred embodiment, two cover caps are axially aligned.
The first cover cap preferably includes first control unit, and the second cover cap preferably includes second control unit, and these control units are used for control flows first on gas flow paths respectively and locate and second gas flow of locating.First control unit preferably can set in advance, so that pressure is reduced to a predetermined value; Second control unit is preferably adjustable in the entire work process of regulator.For example, first control unit can be an adjustment screw that presets; Second control unit can be one and be connected with the control handle of adjusting screw.According to this specific preferred embodiment, this device comprises the Sealing between the adjustment screw that is arranged on the cover cap and has sufficient intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear.
The Peak Flow Rate of gas of gas pressure regulator of flowing through preferably is less than or equal to 5 liters/minute.
First control unit is an adjustment screw-type that presets preferably.
Second control unit is a control handle form that is connected with the adjustment screw preferably.
Better mode is that this device comprises the Sealing between the adjustment screw that is arranged on the cover cap and has enough intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear.
The present invention also comprises gas pressure regulator recited above is applied in the device that transports fresh and living aquatic products.Described fresh and living aquatic products is preferably transported by aircraft.
Describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional view according to the gas pressure regulator of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the stereogram that the device that transports fish of gas pressure regulator shown in Figure 1 is housed.
The gas pressure regulator 1 of the preferred embodiment of the present invention has two-stage, is used to regulate the air-flow that flows to the gas receiving vessel from source of the gas.The first order is in partial upstream.In the hereinafter used term of specification, " first " refers to the element in the first order; " second " refers to the element in the second level.
Can adopt any suitable mode that the first cover cap 3 and the second cover cap 4 are connected on the regulator body 2.According to shown in preferred embodiment, the first cover cap 3 and the second cover cap 4 have female end, are used for being installed on the respective threads part of regulator body 2.
Regulator body 2 also comprises gas access 5, gas outlet 6 and at inlet 5 with export the gas channel 7 that extends between 6.Gas channel extend past first order diaphragm valve assembly 25 and second level diaphragm valve assembly 26.Those skilled in the art can both understand, and term " diaphragm " is used for representing diaphragm valve or diaphragm valve assembly traditionally when concrete the application, but also represents diaphragm element actual in this valve.Therefore, term " diaphragm " should be understood to comprise above-mentioned these implications.
Source of the gas, for example a cylinder is connected to gas access 5 by inlet attack 8.Gas outlet 6 is connected to the gas receiving vessel.Gas pressure regulator of the present invention especially is suitable for oxygen containing gas is fed to and will be delivered to the fresh keeping box another place, fresh and living aquatic products from the three unities by aircraft.In this specific application, never allow oxygen containing gas from gas pressure regulator, to leak or leak, because leak abnormally dangerous really from any point between source of the gas and the container.
Being arranged between regulator body 2 and the first order cover cap 3 is primary diaphragm 9 in the primary diaphragm valve assembly, and it can be at the flow through air-flow of the gas pressure regulator first order of the primary importance place of gas channel restriction.Primary diaphragm is being controlled the opening and closing (the valve element is not shown specifically) of the valve element of primary diaphragm valve assembly, is controlling the air-flow of the first order of flowing through with this.This is to carry out in the common mode of conventional film plate valve.When requiring a large amount of supply gas, and the air pressure on the membrane surface is when significantly descending, and diaphragm spring promotes this opening of valves and gets bigger; When traffic demand reduced, the air-flow that flows through the big opening of valve raise the pressure on the membrane surface rapidly.Diaphragm overcomes the active force of spring for governor and is pushed away valve assembly, and under the effect of (unshowned) small-sized inner spring valve cuts out.
Be connected to the first order diaphragm seal regulator body.And the Sealing of the primary diaphragm 9 that regulator body joins also provides the sealing between regulator body 2 and the first order cover cap 3.First order cover cap also comprises the adjustment screw 10 that presets.Between adjustment screw 10 that presets and first order cover cap 3, also be provided with the Sealing 11 of a static seal form.
First order cover cap does not comprise any aperture that communicates with external environment.In contrast, all gas pressure regulators of the prior art all comprise this aperture, the potential risk that raises and to be brought with the pressure of avoiding in the regulator, and the back pressure of eliminating diaphragm.First order cover cap 3 also has enough intensity to bear whole pressure of gas pressure source, and like this, even if primary diaphragm 9 lost efficacy, gas can not leak from the first order of gas pressure regulator 1 yet.In addition, being used between the adjacent element of this device prevents the gas from leaking to each Sealing in the outside atmosphere (just sealing between regulator body 2 and the first order cover cap 3 and first order cover cap 3 and preset the sealing of adjusting between the screw 10), also all has whole pressure that enough intensity is born gas pressure source.These features are to all contributions to some extent of no leakage characteristics of gas pressure regulator.
The adjustment screw 10 that presets has been screwed into, so that first spring 17 is preloaded into a suitable value, makes the delivery pressure of the regulator first order be reduced to a proper level with this.Usually, the adjustment screw that presets by MANUFACTURER in manufacture process, perhaps before the sale of gas pressure regulator, carried out static setting.
Gas pressure regulator also comprises and is arranged on regulator body 2 and second cover second level diaphragm 12 between the cap 4, in the secondary diaphragm valve assembly, and it can be at second or the restriction of some position of the gas channel partial air-flow of gas pressure regulator of flowing through.Second level diaphragm 12 is being controlled the opening and closing of the valve element 27 of secondary diaphragm valve assembly, adopts the mode identical with primary diaphragm controlling the partial air-flow of flowing through.
Identical with primary diaphragm 9, secondary diaphragm 12 also is connected to regulator body hermetically.The sealing part also provides the sealing between the regulator body 2 and the second cover cap 4.Adjustment to the secondary diaphragm 12 in gas pressure regulator 1 second level is to be undertaken by the control handle 14 of adjusting screw.Turn control handle and also just changed the equilibrium position of secondary diaphragm 12, and then change the partial delivery pressure of gas pressure regulator.The kind of design of control handle will be suitable for the operation when airflow passes gas pressure regulator 1.
Between the control handle of adjusting screw and the second cover cap, be provided with the Sealing 15 of a slipper seal form.The sealing part has enough intensity, can keep whole gas supplies when losing efficacy with convenient secondary diaphragm.Second level cover cap 4 also has enough intensity, can bear whole gas pressures when secondary diaphragm 12 loses efficacy.
The zone of gas channel 7 between secondary diaphragm 12 and gas outlet 6 is provided with the restricted area of permanent opening 16 forms, and permanent opening 16 should have such size, makes it can limit the air-flow of the regulator of flowing through when secondary diaphragm 12 lost efficacy.
Taking it by and large, permanent opening 16 has been set the peak rate of flow of the gas pressure regulator 1 of flowing through when secondary diaphragm 12 lost efficacy.Because actual flow value depends on gas pressure, thereby the actual peak rate of flow of the permanent opening of flowing through will depend on how first order diaphragm is provided with.Therefore, the peak rate of flow of the said diaphragm of flowing through should not be interpreted as to narrow sense a certain specific constant maximum value.
The characteristics combination of the gas pressure regulator of above-outlined has been avoided causing leaking of institute's supplied gas owing to the inefficacy of any one element in the gas pressure regulator.
Under the situation that primary diaphragm 9 lost efficacy, gas can not leak into the external environment from any position of the gas pressure regulator first order.In addition, the second level of gas pressure regulator has enough intensity, so that provide normal control to leading to partial whole voltage supply.Therefore, gas pressure regulator can continue operation, and gas can not leak in the atmosphere.Yet should be appreciated that the initial set value of this moment when the gas flow in outlet port will be a little less than the first and second diaphragm proper functioning.However, gas pressure regulator still continues the air-flow from the source of the gas to the container is controlled, and in this sense, gas pressure regulator is still continuing operation really.
In order to prepare that the inefficacy of second level diaphragm is compensated, the delivery pressure that the first order is default is adjusted to and is lower than its general value.Under the situation that secondary diaphragm lost efficacy, by the adjustment screw adjustment that will preset so far, the flow of the regulator of promptly flowing through is limited in the permitted value scope by near the permanent opening 16 the outlet.In this case, controlled air can not leak in the external environment condition, whole air feed gas pressure regulators of also can flowing through restrictedly, and in this sense, gas pressure regulator is still continuing operation.Will be although flow through the gas flow of system greater than predetermined value, it still is limited in the permitted value scope, and this permitted value is mainly determined by the setting and near the permanent opening the outlet port of first order diaphragm.
Various situation recited above is summarized in the following form:
| Situation | Whether leak | Flow |
| Two level works are all normal | Not | The proper functioning flow |
| The first order lost efficacy | Not | Near the proper functioning flow, but under the situation that one-level lost efficacy, no longer include the reserve insurance |
| Lost efficacy in the second level | Not | Constant flow rate under permitted value |
| Two-stage all lost efficacy | Not | Flow exceeds desirable value (no longer being in the scope of proper functioning flow), but is not unrestricted |
According to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, this gas pressure regulator is applied in by aircraft aquatic products is transported to the conveyor system 19 in another place from the three unities.This regulator can connect and is applied to various devices.One of them embodiment's device comprises a cylinder that oxygen is provided 20, a gas pressure regulator 1 and a container 21 that has sealing cover as shown in Figure 1, water and aquatic products is housed, for example fish in the container.
Low pressure oxygen supply line 22 stretches out from gas pressure regulator 1, also is provided with the pore 23 of anti-leak on the container.These elements all are contained in the protective housing 24 at the sealing cover top that is arranged in container 21.
Within the spirit and scope of the present invention can to shown in embodiment make various improvement, for example, though the gas pressure regulator here comprises two-stage, it also can be improved to and be provided with the third level, so that provide further reserve insurance (back-up) under the situation that any first diaphragm of gas pressure regulator lost efficacy.
Claims (19)
1. a gas pressure regulator is used for regulating the air-flow that flows to the gas receiving vessel from source of the gas, and it comprises:
Regulator body, this main body comprise gas access, gas outlet and the gas channel that extends between described entrance and exit;
Be connected in first housing parts of regulator body, and be arranged between the described regulator body and first housing parts, can the restricted passage gas channel in certain primary diaphragm of the gas flow at place a bit;
Be connected in second housing parts of regulator body, and be arranged between the described regulator body and first housing parts, can the restricted passage gas channel in the secondary diaphragm of second gas flow of locating;
Wherein, this gas pressure regulator does not comprise any opening that leads to external environment condition; Regulator body and each housing parts all have enough intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear, and like this, even if a certain diaphragm lost efficacy, regulator still can continue operation, and gas can not leak in the surrounding environment; Gas channel also comprises a restricted area, and when secondary diaphragm lost efficacy, the flow of the regulator of flowing through was limited in this restricted area.
2. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein primary diaphragm is positioned at the upstream of secondary diaphragm.
3. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 2, wherein the restricted area is between secondary diaphragm and gas outlet.
4. as claim 2 or 3 described gas pressure regulators, wherein primary diaphragm can be controlled, delivery pressure is reduced to a lower appropriate value, when secondary diaphragm lost efficacy, the gas flow of the regulator of flowing through is limited in safety range like this by primary diaphragm and restricted area.
5. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 4, wherein primary diaphragm is preset to a suitable position, be reduced to a lower appropriate value with delivery pressure with the primary diaphragm place, like this, when secondary diaphragm lost efficacy, the gas flow of the regulator of flowing through is limited in safety range by primary diaphragm and restricted area.
6. as each described gas pressure regulator in the claim 2 to 5, wherein comprise Sealing between the adjacent element of gas pressure regulator, to prevent the gas from leaking in the external environment condition, each of these Sealings all has enough intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear.
7. as each described gas pressure regulator in the claim 2 to 6, wherein first and second housing parts comprise the first and second cover caps.
8. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first and second cover shades extending axially of regulator body.
9. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first and second cover caps extend from two of regulator body opposite axial end portions.
10. as each described gas pressure regulator in the claim 7 to 9, wherein the first cover cap comprises first control unit, the second cover cap comprises second control unit, and these control units are used for control flows first on gas flow paths respectively and locate and second gas flow of locating.
11. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein first control unit is suitable for being set in advance, so that flow is reduced to a predetermined value; Second control unit is adjustable in the entire work process of regulator.
12. as claim 10 or 11 described gas pressure regulators, wherein first control unit is an adjustment screw-type that can preset.
13. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 12, wherein second control unit is a control handle form that is connected with the adjustment screw.
14. gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 13, wherein this device comprises the Sealing between the adjustment screw that is arranged on cover cap and sufficient intensity, whole pressure of supplied gas to bear.
15. as each described gas pressure regulator in the claim 1 to 14, the Peak Flow Rate of the gas of the gas pressure regulator of wherein flowing through is less than or equal to 5 liters/minute.
16., be applied on the device that transports aquatic products with each described gas pressure regulator in the aforementioned claim 1 to 15.
17. the application of gas pressure regulator as claimed in claim 16, wherein aquatic products are transported by aircraft.
18. one kind with the substantially the same gas pressure regulator of described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings gas pressure regulator here.
19. adopt and described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings substantially the same gas pressure regulator here, be applied on the aquatic products conveyor system that transports by aircraft.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPQ5527 | 2000-02-09 | ||
| AUPQ5527A AUPQ552700A0 (en) | 2000-02-09 | 2000-02-09 | Leakproof gas pressure regulator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1398331A true CN1398331A (en) | 2003-02-19 |
| CN1199017C CN1199017C (en) | 2005-04-27 |
Family
ID=3819646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB018047068A Expired - Lifetime CN1199017C (en) | 2000-02-09 | 2001-02-02 | Leakproof gas pressure regulator |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1199017C (en) |
| AU (2) | AUPQ552700A0 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1052545B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ520336A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001059342A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104180159A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2014-12-03 | 威克特设备公司 | Gas Pressure Regulator Having Energy Absorbing Features |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2887169A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | The Boeing Company | Lightweight gas pressure regulator |
| CN114013621B (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2023-09-26 | 江苏海事职业技术学院 | Gravity balance system for ship ventilation |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU932474A2 (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1982-05-30 | Войсковая Часть 11284 | Gas pressure regulator |
| US5218991A (en) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-06-15 | Span Instruments, Inc. | Regulator flow control |
| RU2047212C1 (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1995-10-27 | Петр Герасимович Целовальников | Gas pressure governor |
-
2000
- 2000-02-09 AU AUPQ5527A patent/AUPQ552700A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2001
- 2001-02-02 NZ NZ520336A patent/NZ520336A/en unknown
- 2001-02-02 AU AU29879/01A patent/AU757045B2/en not_active Expired
- 2001-02-02 WO PCT/AU2001/000092 patent/WO2001059342A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-02 CN CNB018047068A patent/CN1199017C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-07-08 HK HK03104862.4A patent/HK1052545B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104180159A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2014-12-03 | 威克特设备公司 | Gas Pressure Regulator Having Energy Absorbing Features |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1052545B (en) | 2005-09-16 |
| WO2001059342A1 (en) | 2001-08-16 |
| HK1052545A1 (en) | 2003-09-19 |
| NZ520336A (en) | 2003-03-28 |
| AU757045B2 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
| AU2987901A (en) | 2001-08-20 |
| AUPQ552700A0 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| CN1199017C (en) | 2005-04-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20050427 |