CN1392401A - Fast detector for milk component - Google Patents
Fast detector for milk component Download PDFInfo
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- CN1392401A CN1392401A CN 01145157 CN01145157A CN1392401A CN 1392401 A CN1392401 A CN 1392401A CN 01145157 CN01145157 CN 01145157 CN 01145157 A CN01145157 A CN 01145157A CN 1392401 A CN1392401 A CN 1392401A
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Abstract
The fast detector for milk component consists of light source, crystal, detection amplifier, fiber, measuring head, signal amplifier, CPU and driver. The driver includes a phase-locking loop comprising phase-detecting low-pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator and N frequency divider; and an amplifying output circuit comprising preamplifier, power amplifier and RF output interface; as well as adder, D/A converter and microprocessor. It produces adjustable HF signal in milk component detection and is suitalbe for in-situ detection of milk component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing detecting instrument class, relate in particular to the milk constituents rapid detection apparatus.
Background technology
In the purchase and production management process of milk, the detection of milk constituents has great significance.Correct fast detecting milk constituents content not only can provide in good time grasp and guidance for the quality control of product, and the reference of science also can be provided the good cultivation of animal.So a kind of quick, stable milk constituents detecting instrument has wide application prospect.
Because compositions such as fat, protein, lactose, solid content have absorption characteristic to light in the milk, so people adopt the near infrared spectroscopic measurements usually.Modern infrared spectrum detecting instrument is a lot, but from the beam split type of instrument, can be divided into 4 kinds of main types:
1, acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) though its size is little, does not have mechanical moving member, and robust characteristics are arranged; But because it is that beam split is carried out in the variation of having used electric signal, so though measuring speed is very fast.But still can not satisfy the needs of milk constituents fast detecting.
2, the combination of interference filter, because its wavelength is few, measuring accuracy is low and be unfavorable for the expansion of the project of measuring, the spectroscopic measurements time is also longer, so less in practice use.
3, grating beam splitting, owing to adopt mechanical scanning, the spectroscopic measurements time is still longer, thereby also less in practice use.
4, the Fourier transform beam split, long because of Measuring Time, spectral range is narrow, equipment needed thereby is huge, and the expense costliness is so seldom use in practice.
Usually the milk constituents detector is made of light source, crystal, detecting amplifier, optical fiber, gauge head, signal amplifier, central processing unit and driver.Driver wherein is a kind of main devices that is used for producing and exporting the required high frequency electrical signal of beam split.And the driver of present acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is made up of cycle of phase-locked loop and current power amplification output circuit.Cycle of phase-locked loop wherein is by phase detector, low-pass filter, and voltage controlled oscillator is linked in sequence with conductor, removes the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected with phase detector with conductor one end, and the other end is connected with the output terminal of voltage controlled oscillator, is used to export the high frequency electrical signal than low speed.Current power amplification output circuit wherein is linked in sequence with conductor by current multiplier, prime amplifier, power amplifier, RF output interface and forms; Current multiplier also is connected with the output terminal of voltage controlled oscillator by conductor, is used for the low speed high frequency electrical signal of voltage controlled oscillator output is carried out the processing and amplifying of electric current and power.Because at phase detector, low-pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator and remove in the conventional phase locked loops that the Fractional-N frequency device forms,, need the adjustment of certain hour could be locked once more when frequency synthesis during in inversion frequency.And the length of locking time is that the free-running frequency by loop decides through the interval of low-pass filtering and jump frequency.Can only make its restriction near free-running frequency by the reasonably optimizing design, possibility does not make it be lower than this restriction.And when frequency hopping significantly, because the output frequency and the input voltage of voltage controlled oscillator are directly proportional substantially, when voltage is big more, difference on the frequency is big more, required locking time is also just long more, reach hundreds of microsecond even millisecond its locking time, this has greatly limited the raising of frequency-scan speed, has also influenced quality, time and the branch ray velocity of high frequency electrical signal output simultaneously.In addition,, lack on-the-spot flexibly the use and manual the adjusting owing to adopt general computing machine, its cost height, operation is also complicated.Thereby in the purchase and production management process of milk, can not be in time and the composition of fast detecting milk, all bring adverse influence for many work, be difficult to be suitable for the needs of milk purchase field quick detection milk composition.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of milk composition fast detecting instrument, can improve the speed and time and the quality standard that detect milk, be fit to the needs that the milk detecting instrument of compact high precision need be used in purchase or production scene.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this,
A kind of milk composition fast detecting instrument, constitute by light source, crystal, detecting amplifier, optical fiber, gauge head, signal amplifier, central processing unit and driver, described driver includes, by the phase demodulation low-pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator is linked in sequence with conductor, removes the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected the cycle of phase-locked loop that the other end and voltage controlled oscillator output terminal connect to form with the phase demodulation low-pass filter with conductor one end; With the current power amplification output circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by prime amplifier, power amplifier, RF output interface.
The invention reside in the INTELLIGENT PLL circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by totalizer, D/A converter, microprocessor also is set in the driver.Its totalizer and be arranged on the phase demodulation low-pass filter and the voltage controlled oscillator bonding conductor in, microprocessor by conductor respectively with the phase demodulation low-pass filter and remove the Fractional-N frequency device and be connected, produce when being used for milk composition fast detecting and output tunable high-frequency electric signal, be suitable for the needs of milk purchase field quick detection milk composition.
Because the present invention has adopted above technical scheme, thereby milk composition fast detecting instrument has:
1, when the milk composition detects, can carry out the adjustment and the conversion of branch optical wavelength fast;
2, the broad sweep frequency of exportable 30-90MHz, when satisfying the milk composition and examining fast to the requirement of quality and time;
3, when milk composition fast detecting, can carry out the scanning of high frequency electrical signal frequency flexibly, and its quantity, at interval, time, circulation, driving power etc. all can adjust fast modulation flexibly;
4, large screen display, thick, accurate adjustment is whole to combine, and milk composition fast detecting result comes into plain view.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the INTELLIGENT PLL circuit of driver in the milk composition fast detecting instrument of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory synoptic diagram of driver in the milk composition fast detecting instrument of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the principle schematic of milk composition fast detecting instrument of the present invention when milk detecting is worked.
Wherein:
1, light source 2, condenser A 3, reflective mirror
4, crystal 5, condenser B 6, spectroscope
7, fiber port A 8, fiber port B 9, optical fiber
10, gauge head 11, measuring vessel 12, milk
13, detecting amplifier A 14, detecting amplifier B 15, signal amplifier
16, central processing unit 17, power supply 18, driver
19, control panel 20, display 21, D/A converter
22, RF output 23, totalizer 24, voltage controlled oscillator
25, phase demodulation low-pass filter 26, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 27, prime amplifier
28, power amplifier 29, microprocessor
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is explained as follows:
In Fig. 1, the INTELLIGENT PLL loops that are provided with in the driver 18 by totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29, phase demodulation low-pass filter 25, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and form, produce and export the tunable high-frequency electric signal when being used for the milk composition and detecting fast.Its totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29 are linked in sequence by conductor; Totalizer 23 also is arranged in phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and voltage controlled oscillator 24 bonding conductors.Microprocessor 29 is also respectively by conductor and phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and be connected.
In Fig. 2, the control circuit that is provided with in the driver 18 is connected and composed with conductor by INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit and current power amplification output circuit.
Wherein, the INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit is described by Fig. 1, by totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29, phase demodulation low-pass filter 25, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and form, produce and export the tunable high-frequency electric signal when being used for the milk composition and detecting fast.Its totalizer 23, D/A converter 21, microprocessor 29 are linked in sequence by conductor; Totalizer 23 also is arranged in phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and voltage controlled oscillator 24 bonding conductors.Microprocessor 29 is also respectively by conductor and phase demodulation low-pass filter 25 and remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26 and be connected.
The current power amplification output circuit, it is linked in sequence and is formed by prime amplifier 27, power amplifier 28, RF output interface 22 usefulness conductors, is used for the quick high frequency electrical signal of voltage controlled oscillator 24 outputs is carried out the processing and amplifying of electric current and power.
Driver control circuit from the above mentioned, one end also are connected with each gauge tap (as keyboard, pushbutton switch etc.) on the control panel 19, are used to accept extraneous regulation and control instruction.
In the control circuit that in driver 18, is provided with,
1, microprocessor 29: when being used for milk composition fast detecting, driver 18 is managed and the control maincenter.
2, D/A converter device 21: can adopt 2 tunnel 8 figure places/digital to analog converter, wherein one the tunnel is used for the amplification of frequency hopping magnitude of voltage, and another road is used for the output gain value and amplifies.
3, voltage controlled oscillator 24: be used for oscillation frequency and change, when milk composition fast detecting, can produce and export 30---the high frequency electrical signal of 90MHz with voltage-controlled voltage linear.
4, phase demodulation low-pass filter 25: when being used for milk composition fast detecting, control voltage-controlled magnitude of voltage.
5, remove Fractional-N frequency controller 26: when being used for milk composition fast detecting, will carry out the n frequency division from the nf0 high frequency electrical signal of voltage controlled oscillator 24 inputs after, with standard frequency f0 phase demodulation relatively, its frequency difference signal is delivered to voltage controlled oscillator through low-pass filter, and then finishes the phase-locked function of high frequency electrical signal.
6, prime amplifier 27: finish the elementary amplification of signal when being used for milk composition fast detecting.
7, power amplifier 28: be used for the power amplification of prime amplifier 27 input signals.
The present invention adds a voltage adder 23 etc. in the conventional phase locked loops loop, its totalizer 23 has two input ends and an output terminal.Its pass is VA+VB=Vc.
Wherein, VA is 25 outputs of phase demodulation low-pass filter, and VB is D/A converter 21 outputs.The frequency division ratio of frequency synthesis connects the decision output frequency.Frequency dividing ratio is generally by microprocessor 29 controls.If corresponding each frequency dividing ratio correspondingly stores a D/A and counts a tree name in microprocessor 29, when changing frequency dividing ratio adjusting output frequency, also changed simultaneously this D/A value, the control voltage jump that makes voltage controlled oscillator 24 is to equaling or the approaching required magnitude of voltage of next jump frequency, allow phase-locked loop finish remaining natural locking process then, can shorten the locking time of traditional loop greatly.
Do not need in the working control process the different D/A voltage of each frequency dividing ratio output.Should look requirement can the different D/A voltage of segmentation output.For example frequency synthesis is operated in 30-90MHz, when step-length is 5KHz, 60 corresponding 30-89MHz of different D/A voltage can be set, shared same D/A voltage in the 1MHz scope.When frequency synthesis is operated in 55.555MH for another example, the respective value the when output voltage of D/A is 55MHzHz, loop automatically becomes locked to accurate 55.555MHz.As when jumping to 85.105M, D/A voltage is the voltage from the voltage jump of 55MHz correspondence to the 85MHz correspondence at first, and loop locks onto 85.105M naturally.
The D/A value generally can measure in real process easily.
Core of the present invention---the essence of " intelligent phaselocked loop " is exactly Applied Computer Techniques and D/A converter technology, wide range of frequencies is followed the tracks of being able to quick realization by D/A switch.Its fast frequency is tracked as multiple application and haves laid a good foundation.Why frequency of drives locking time of high frequency acousto-optic tunable filter of the present invention is faster than the driver of traditional acousto-optic tunable filter and traditional phaselocked loop thereof, is only to be 25 delicate because adopted D/A converter 21, its speed.Like this, the tracking of integer frequency poor (for example tens megahertzes) just can be finished in delicate tens in the super large scope; And, can finish by traditional phase-lock mode less than the frequency residual error of 1 megahertz; The summation time of frequency-tracking also only be 100 delicate about, its frequency lock time has shortened nearly 10 times
In Fig. 3, milk composition fast detecting instrument of the present invention, the principle when the milk surveying work is described as follows:
In milk composition fast detecting, milk composition fast detecting instrument is made up of light source 1, condenser A2, reflective mirror 3, crystal 4, condenser 5, spectroscope 6, fiber port A7, fiber port B8, optical fiber 9, gauge head 10, detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14, signal amplifier 15, central processing unit 16, power supply 17, driver 18, display 20.Wherein,
1, light source 1: can adopt the light source of bromine tungsten filament lamp as this system, characteristics are that its spectrum has covered whole near infrared scopes, and this light source is near infrared range, and spectrum homogeneous, stable is that comparatively ideal near infrared is composed light source entirely.Its bromine tungsten filament lamp supply voltage is 12v, and power is 50W for well.
2, driver 18: different with beam split mode in the past, the present invention has adopted described AOTF (Acousto-ptic Tunabie Filter) the acousto-optic tunable filter light splitting technology that is provided with advanced INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit formation of Fig. 1, Fig. 2, only needs to change the effect that the frequency that drives the crystal 4 high frequency electrical signal can reach quick beam split.Rapidly, continuously scanning can obtain to switch and continuous monochromatic light fast in the required spectral range in the certain frequency scope.The characteristics of this beam split mode are that wavelength switches soon, favorable reproducibility, and optical system Immobility parts, and the wavelength control of sequencing makes its application have greater flexibility.The generation of AOTF high frequency electrical signal is AOTF (the Acousto-optic Tunabie Filter) driver that adopts the INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit to constitute among the present invention, output be modulated high frequency electrical signal, the monochromatic light that after the crystal beam split, can obtain modulating.Crystal can adopt TeO
2Crystal.
3, gauge head 10: adopt optical fiber as gauge head.The monochromatic light that driver 18 is told is delivered to the milk measured object via output optical fibre 9, is picked up and level transmission backward by input optical fibre after diffuse reflection by the milk measured object again.Adopt optical fiber to be as the advantage of gauge head: mechanism is simple, and use, flexible operation are convenient in multiple applications.
4, detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14: detecting amplifier A13 is the reference light detecting amplifier, and detecting amplifier B14 is the flashlight detecting amplifier.Detecting amplifier B14 is by accepting optical pickup and transmitting the light signal that contains milk measured object information, behind the light receiving surface through projecting detecting amplifier, can obtain and the corresponding electric signal of its input light intensity at detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14 output terminal.The effect of detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14 is converted to corresponding electric signal with light signal exactly, exports signal amplifier 15 to.It is photoelectricity testing part that the present invention adopts indium gallium arsenic, and the good responsiveness and the linearity are arranged in required spectral range, and the low characteristics of noise are arranged.
5, signal amplifier 15: from the input of detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14, take out the alternating component in the faint electric signal, after low noise, low drift, the good amplification of the linearity, and further suppressed noise.Treated signal is exported to central processing unit 16 again.
6, central processing unit 16: in the present invention, the initial measurement of central processing unit 16 control milk.At first, central processing unit 16 control AOTF drivers 18 produce the pairing high frequency frequency of AOTF beam split.It is connected with signal amplifier 15 by lead, with the detected milk measurement data of detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14 and acquisition time, collection count, after times of collection and acquisition rate carry out the analyzing and processing of spectrum and data, can obtain the precise information that milk constituents is measured, and can show its measurement result by display 20 etc.Secondly, central processing unit 16 is also held concurrently and is controlled driver 18, and crystal 4 is exported required high frequency electrical signal.
7, power supply 17, being used to supply with places such as detecting amplifier A13, detecting amplifier B14, signal amplifier 15, central processing unit 16, driver 18 needs power supply.
In milk composition fast detecting, the testing process of milk composition fast detecting instrument is as follows:
At first send incident light and be incident to crystal 4 through condenser A2, reflective mirror 3 by light source 1, simultaneously driver 18 within it microprocessor 29 and the instruction of central processing unit 16 and control down, produce high frequency electrical signal, input crystal 4.Electroacoustics transducer in the crystal 4 is converted to high frequency input electrical signal (generally being about between tens megahertzes to two, hundred megahertzes) in intracrystalline ultrasonic vibration, and ultrasound wave has produced the modulation of space periodicity, and its effect resembles a phase grating.After being mapped to this grating, the incident illumination of light source 1 will produce Bragg diffraction, launch+diffraction light ,-diffraction light and diffraction light not, the frequency of its diffraction light wavelength and high frequency electrical signal has one to one and concerns.So as long as regulate, change driver 18 output signal frequency of quick high frequency acousto-optic tunable filter, can change the diffraction light wavelength, and then also just reach the purpose of measuring the required beam split of milk.Thus, in the measurement near infrared light of crystal 4 outgoing+diffraction light or-diffraction light, through condenser 5, spectroscope 6, and fiber port A7, reach the gauge head 10 in optical fiber 9 and the measuring vessel 11.Compositions such as fat in it of the milk 12 that places measuring vessel 11, protein, lactose, solid content have near infrared light and absorb and scattering properties, thereby the near infrared light of incident scattering on one side in milk 12, be absorbed on one side, the light that is weakened is after optical fiber 9 exports detecting amplifier B14 to, obtain the measuring light signal thus respectively, after signal amplifier 15 processing and amplifying, gathered by central processing unit 16.The signals that 16 pairs of central processing units are gathered input carry out a series of processing such as regretional analysis, can draw the concentration of compositions such as fat in the milk, protein, lactose, solid content.
Milk constituents fast detecting instrument of the present invention, owing to adopted the driver 18 of AOTF (the Acousto-optic Tunabie Filter) acousto-optic tunable filter of advanced INTELLIGENT PLL loop circuit formation, and has an electronics modulation function, so it is fast that it has speed with respect to the spectroscopic instruments of classics, there is not mechanical moving member, spectral range is wide, advantages such as size is little, it detects beam split speed and improves nearly 10 times than the branch ray velocity of present milk constituents detector in milk is measured, so measuring speed is fast, the highest slewing rate that realized for 4000 wavelength/seconds, and have good wavelength and select characteristics such as accuracy and repeatability, thereby be highly suitable in milk purchase and the production management process fast monitored and measurement milk constituents concentration.
Claims (1)
1. milk constituents fast detecting instrument, constitute by light source, crystal, detecting amplifier, optical fiber, gauge head, signal amplifier, central processing unit and driver, described driver includes, by the phase demodulation low-pass filter, voltage controlled oscillator is linked in sequence with conductor, removes the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected the cycle of phase-locked loop that the other end and voltage controlled oscillator output terminal connect to form with the phase demodulation low-pass filter with conductor one end; With the current power amplification output circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by prime amplifier, power amplifier, RF output interface; It is characterized in that, it also comprises the INTELLIGENT PLL circuit that is linked in sequence and forms with conductor by totalizer, D/A converter, microprocessor, its totalizer and be arranged on the phase demodulation low-pass filter and the voltage controlled oscillator bonding conductor in, microprocessor respectively with the phase demodulation low-pass filter and remove the Fractional-N frequency device and is connected, produces and exports the tunable high-frequency electric signal by conductor fast when being used for milk constituents and detecting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01145157 CN1189736C (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2001-12-31 | Fast detector for milk component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 01145157 CN1189736C (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2001-12-31 | Fast detector for milk component |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1392401A true CN1392401A (en) | 2003-01-22 |
| CN1189736C CN1189736C (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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| CN 01145157 Expired - Fee Related CN1189736C (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2001-12-31 | Fast detector for milk component |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100356171C (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-12-19 | 中国农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Method for detecting reduction milk in fresh milk and pasteur milk |
| CN101819136A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-01 | 天津大学 | Human glucose concentration continuous monitoring device based on optical fiber surface plasmon resonance |
| CN102435580A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-05-02 | 吉林大学 | Quick near-infrared measuring device and method for milk ingredients |
| CN106153570A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-11-23 | 上海市闵行中学 | Use in middle infrared spectrum Quick milk whether adulterated method |
| CN109358003A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2019-02-19 | 基伊埃牧场科技有限公司 | Method for especially determining the quality and/or ingredient of milk during milking operation |
| JP2020091270A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | 株式会社マツモト精密工業 | Milk inspection device |
-
2001
- 2001-12-31 CN CN 01145157 patent/CN1189736C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100356171C (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-12-19 | 中国农业科学院畜牧研究所 | Method for detecting reduction milk in fresh milk and pasteur milk |
| CN101819136A (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2010-09-01 | 天津大学 | Human glucose concentration continuous monitoring device based on optical fiber surface plasmon resonance |
| CN102435580A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-05-02 | 吉林大学 | Quick near-infrared measuring device and method for milk ingredients |
| CN102435580B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Quick near-infrared measuring device and method for milk ingredients |
| CN109358003A (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2019-02-19 | 基伊埃牧场科技有限公司 | Method for especially determining the quality and/or ingredient of milk during milking operation |
| CN106153570A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-11-23 | 上海市闵行中学 | Use in middle infrared spectrum Quick milk whether adulterated method |
| JP2020091270A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | 株式会社マツモト精密工業 | Milk inspection device |
| JP7314456B2 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2023-07-26 | 株式会社マツモト精密工業 | milk inspection equipment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1189736C (en) | 2005-02-16 |
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