CN1391455A - Three dimensional body-conforming bladder for absorbent article - Google Patents
Three dimensional body-conforming bladder for absorbent article Download PDFInfo
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- CN1391455A CN1391455A CN00816051A CN00816051A CN1391455A CN 1391455 A CN1391455 A CN 1391455A CN 00816051 A CN00816051 A CN 00816051A CN 00816051 A CN00816051 A CN 00816051A CN 1391455 A CN1391455 A CN 1391455A
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- fluid
- elasticity
- absorbent item
- filled chamber
- material layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
- A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
- A61F13/47218—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use with a raised crotch region, e.g. hump
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
- A61F13/4702—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins having a reinforcing member
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
- A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
- A61F13/47236—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour
- A61F13/47245—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour with asymmetry around the x or y axis
- A61F13/47254—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use characterised by an unusual contour with asymmetry around the x or y axis with a tanga shape
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
- A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
- A61F13/47263—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use with activating means, e.g. elastic, heat or chemical activatable means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/47—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins
- A61F13/472—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use
- A61F13/47272—Sanitary towels, incontinence pads or napkins specially adapted for female use with a longitudinal raised end, e.g. cup-shaped gluteal groove
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
An absorbent article having a multi-layer material having a front section, a back section and an intermediate section connecting the front section and the back section, wherein the multi-layer material comprises a topsheet, a backsheet and an absorbent layer disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet. At least one three-dimensional resilient fluid-filled chamber is disposed in the absorbent layer or between at least a portion of the absorbent layer and the backsheet. The three-dimensional resilient fluid-filled chamber, or bladder insert, is a sealed compartment between a generally upper and a generally lower layer of material which is impermeable to its contents. Suitable fluids for use in the resilient fluid-filled chamber include water, air, gelatins, hydrogels, colloids, suspensions and combinations thereof.
Description
Background technology
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of for example diaper, incontinence with medicated clothing and such as Personal hygiene absorbent items such as women sanitary articles such as sanitary towel and scanties linings.More particularly, the present invention relates to comprise the Personal hygiene absorbent item of the fluid-filled chamber of elasticity, the fluid-filled chamber of wherein said elasticity is also referred to as the cryptomere liner, this cryptomere liner can closely contact keeping it to be adapted under prerequisite of volume substantially producing between absorbent item and user, thereby can strengthen the suction volume to slop.The present invention also relates to a kind ofly be used for improving individual absorbent item to the adaptability of user health and be used to improve fluid suction volume and fluid method in the distribution of absorbent item.Basic conception of the present invention is that the fluid-filled chamber of elasticity can make the pressure that acts on the absorbent item surface equate under the situation that adapts to the user dynamic moving.For example, when the people is seated, leans against the pressure that applies on the seat and be passed to other parts and help to make absorbent item to be affixed to human body.The fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity also can be used to start the adaptation organization of human body.
The mechanical property of cryptomere liner is characterised in that it has very high elasticity under drying and wet condition.The minimizing deformation of pad when the elastic characteristic that depends primarily on the two dimensional configurations of pressure and chamber in the chamber can be used.In addition, also can make elastic insert can adapt to human body admirably by material is made shape two-wayly with the multiple behaviour in service of various adaptation.
Except improvement and adaptability of human body, the cryptomere liner also can be used as the device that is used to improve suction volume and slop distribution.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of absorbent item that adapts to the user health.
Another object of the present invention provides and a kind ofly adapts to the user health and increase suction volume and improve the absorbent item that the fluid-evacuation thing of human body distributes.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of absorbent item that not only can adapt to the health of user but also have the ability that returns to various use shapes substantially.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of absorbent item that be used to improve to the user physical aptitude.
Another object of the present invention provides and a kind ofly is used for increasing the suction volume of absorbent item and improves the method for human body fluid-evacuation thing in the distribution situation of absorbent item.
Another object of the present invention provide a kind of be used to produce a kind ofly not only can adapt to the health of user but also have the method for the absorbent item of the ability that returns to various use shapes substantially.
Above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention be by provide a kind of comprise have the front portion, rear portion and the absorbent item of multilayer material that connects the mid portion of front and rear part realize.Wherein said multilayer material comprises top flat, egative film and the absorbed layer between top flat and egative film.The fluid-filled chamber that between at least a portion absorbed layer and egative film, has at least one three dimensional elasticity.Chamber that described three dimensional elasticity is fluid-filled or cryptomere liner are formed enclosure portion of subsurface material by content impermeable in common upper strata and the common chamber.Wherein said three-dimensional just means that the fluid-filled chamber of elasticity is variable in plane at least in x, y and z, this is different from most of flat fluid-filled chambers of elasticity that can only change at width and length direction.Described fluid material thoroughly can be selected from following one group of material: the mixture of thermoplastic, elastomer, polyurethane film, coated paper and above-mentioned material.In an embodiment of the present invention, fluid material thoroughly comprises polyethylene and/or polypropylene.In one embodiment, the fluid-filled chamber of at least one elasticity is operationally to communicate with adaptation organization of human body at least one is arranged on subregion between at least a portion absorbed layer and the egative film.In another embodiment, also be provided with wriggling spare in the cryptomere liner.Described wriggling spare adopts the form that changes cryptomere liner outer surface to come convection cell to distribute with the bag pressure co-action by the wriggling mode usually.
Comprise fluid thoroughly sheet, fluid can not reveal the exact details sheet and be in top flat and egative film between the absorbent item of absorbing material in, be used for increasing the fluid suction volume and improve fluid may further comprise the steps: the fluid-filled chamber of at least one elasticity is inserted in the absorbed layer of absorbent item or is inserted into zone between at least a portion absorbed layer and egative film in the method for the distribution situation of absorbent item.
The fluid that is suitable in the fluid-filled chamber of elasticity comprises water, air, gelinite, hydrogel, colloid, suspension and the mixture of being made up of above-mentioned fluid.
As can be seen, too much embodiment and the application of the fluid-filled chamber amount of being suitable for of the present invention.
Brief description of drawings
Will better understanding be arranged to above-mentioned and other purpose of the present invention and feature by detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the plane graph that comprises the absorbent item of described cryptomere liner in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of II-II line of absorbent item shown in the accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the plane graphs with capsule of the blowning installation that is used for the described cryptomere liner of filling in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of IV-IV line of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 3;
Accompanying drawing 5A and 5B are the plane graphs of the liner of cryptomere described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 6 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of VI-VI line of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 5A;
Accompanying drawing 7 is plan views of the cryptomere of multi-cavity described in one embodiment of the invention liner;
Accompanying drawing 8A and 8B are the cutaway view of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 7 along the intercepting of VIII-VIII line;
Accompanying drawing 9A, 9B and 9C are the plane graphs of several multi-cavity cryptomere liners described in the different embodiments of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 10A and 10B are the plane graphs with absorbent item of cryptomere liner;
Accompanying drawing 11 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XI-XI line of absorbent item shown in the accompanying drawing 10A according to an embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, 13A and 13B are the plane graphs of the cryptomere liner of catch in comprising described in the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 14 is plane graphs of the liner of cryptomere described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 15 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XV-XV line of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 14;
Accompanying drawing 16 is plane graphs of the cryptomere liner with open center zone described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 17A, 17B, 17C and 17D are cryptomere liners shown in the accompanying drawing 16 along the cutaway view of XVII-XVII line intercepting or are combined with the cutaway view of the building block of other in the absorbent item described in the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 18 is a kind of plane graphs that are used for the cryptomere liner of absorbent item described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 19 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XIX-XIX line of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 18;
Accompanying drawing 20 is plane graphs of the cryptomere liner of absorbent item described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 21 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XXI-XXI line of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 20;
Accompanying drawing 22 is plane graphs of the cryptomere liner of absorbent item described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 23 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XXIII-XXIII line of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 22;
Accompanying drawing 24,25,26 and 27 is the profiles of cryptomere liner that have the absorbent item of wriggling part described in a kind of the present invention of being used for;
Accompanying drawing 28A and 28B are the sketch maps that is used to make the expansible valve module of described cryptomere liner in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 29 is the sketch maps that are used to make the expansible expansion gear of described cryptomere liner in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 30 is the side views that have the cryptomere liner of different elastic materials comprising described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 31 is the plane graphs that have the cryptomere liner of different elastic materials comprising described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 32 is the plane graphs that have the cryptomere liner of different elastic materials comprising described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 33 is the plane graphs that have the cryptomere liner of different elastic materials comprising described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 34 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XXXIV-XXXIV line of cryptomere liner described in the accompanying drawing 33;
Accompanying drawing 35 is the cutaway views along the intercepting of XXXV-XXXV line of cryptomere liner described in the accompanying drawing 33;
Accompanying drawing 36 is the profiles that comprise the cryptomere liner that adapts to organization of human body described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 37 is plane graphs of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 36;
Accompanying drawing 38 is schematic side views of processing component that are used for making the processing of described cryptomere liner in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 39 is a kind ofly among the present invention to be used for the perspective view of a vacuum section that vacuum forms the device of described cryptomere liner;
Accompanying drawing 40 is radial cross-section of vacuum section shown in the accompanying drawing 39;
Accompanying drawing 41 is plane graphs of processing prepared cryptomere liner according to vacuum forming described in the one embodiment of the invention;
Accompanying drawing 42A, 42B, 42C and 42D are the cutaway view of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 41 along the intercepting of XLII-XLII line;
Accompanying drawing 43 is the dynamic pressure sketch maps that in use are applied to women sanitary articles.
Detailed description of preferred embodiment
The disclosed here content of the present invention relates to a kind ofly to be used to improve diaper for example, incontinence contacts the fluid suction volume of the absorbent item that uses with human body with medicated clothing or sanitary belt or sanitary towel etc. and fluid distributes and the adaptive method and the device thereof of absorbent item, specifically is by making absorbent item can contact suction volume and the distribution thereof that improves body excretions more closely with user.According to the method for the invention, be by insert the fluid-filled chamber of at least one elasticity that is also referred to as the cryptomere liner strengthen comprise fluid thoroughly sheet, fluid can not reveal the exact details sheet and be in top flat and egative film between absorbing material absorbent item adaptability and improve its fluid suction volume and distribution.The insertion of cryptomere liner makes the pressure on absorbent item surface equate, to be adapted to the active dynamics of user.For example, for a people who is seated who uses absorbent item described in the present invention, the pressure that applies against the absorbent item position will be transferred to other parts of cryptomere liner, to help absorbent item is pressed to the health of user.
Device described in the present invention is a kind of for example diaper, incontinence comprise the fluid-filled chamber of a kind of elasticity (being the cryptomere liner) with medicated clothing or sanitary belt or sanitary towel etc. a absorbent item, wherein said cryptomere liner can make its body shape that meets user better when keeping its most of volume, so that can more closely contact suction volume and distribution to improve body excretions between absorbent item and user.
The mechanical property of cryptomere liner all has very big elasticity with it under drying and dampness be marked feature.This elastic characteristic can make the distortion minimum of absorbent item, and wherein said elasticity is determined by the pressure in the fluid-filled chamber that forms the cryptomere liner and the two-dimensional arrangements of chamber.In addition, the elasticity of cryptomere liner can be by make the cryptomere liner and then be that the material of absorbent item forms corresponding to the difformity of most user modes and guarantees that it has good physical aptitude two-wayly.
According to another benefit that adopts the cryptomere liner in absorbent item of the present invention is that the cryptomere liner can also can provide with the traditional absorbent item with suitable volume and compare the absorbent item that has than light weight simultaneously not needing significantly to strengthen the volume that increases absorbent item under the condition of cost.
Shown in accompanying drawing 4,6, cryptomere liner 17 is actually one by general upper layer of material 18 and general subsurface material 20 formed enclosure portion 19, and its subsurface material has impermeability to content in the capsule.The cryptomere gasket material can be coating structure or polymer thin film.Be suitable for forming preferred following this group material of material and their mixture of cryptomere liner 17: polyurethane film, thermoplastic, elastomer, coated paper.Though also can use polyethylene or polypropylene, because for example the polyurethane elastomeric material has and adapts to the user health better and keep its ability that is used for the volume that better anatomy cooperates, so elastomeric material like should preferred class.Can apply on the outer surface of cryptomere liner and for example be used to improve the materials such as surfactant that fluid distributes.
The fluid that is used for filling cryptomere liner can be liquid, colloid or gas.Liquid-filled material has the advantage of low compressibility; Colloid has the advantage that jogging speed adapts to; For example gas such as air has the low advantage of cost.The suitable material of filling cryptomere liner can be organized material by this and select and synthetic mixture: water, air, gelinite, hydrogel, colloid, suspension.
The cryptomere liner that is used for absorbent item described in the present invention can be made in different ways.As shown in Figure 3, cryptomere liner 17 can be made by certain homogenous material that forms by fluid intake 27 blowings, and it is as blowing afloat a toy balloon.In accompanying drawing 5A illustrated embodiment, cryptomere liner 17 is by the following method and forms: a slice cryptomere material fold then along flanging 28 along three last limits folding cryptomere material is connected and sealed with formation connection strap 29.In another embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 5B, cryptomere liner 17 is made by two cryptomere materials, and wherein these two cryptomere materials coextend substantially, and their peripheries are tightly connected each other to form border seal.Sealing in accompanying drawing 5A and the 5B illustrated embodiment or connection can adopt any any suitable method well known in the art to finish.Preferred sealing or method of attachment comprise: heat seal, ultrasonic connection, thermally coupled, also can use bonding agent.
What accompanying drawing 7 was represented is the plan view of the liner of cryptomere described in the one embodiment of the invention, and wherein at least one face of cryptomere liner comprises at least one gauffer 30.Shown in accompanying drawing 8A, a face of cryptomere liner is folded, and its another face keeps planar structure 31, so just can obtain more kinds of controlled surface shapes.In accompanying drawing 8B illustrated embodiment, two faces of cryptomere liner 17 all fold.Can adopt following method to obtain gauffer: the cryptomere liner to be joined to one another through the method for a series of heating parallel wires, roller or the plate cryptomere liner with two kinds of materials, thereby in the cryptomere liner, to form the fluid-filled chamber of a plurality of independently elasticity.
Shown in accompanying drawing 9A, 9B and 9C, cryptomere liner 17 can have the various shape that design needs corresponding to absorbent item.In one embodiment, cryptomere liner 17 can be square or rectangle.And in another embodiment (shown in accompanying drawing 9A), the cryptomere liner can also be ellipse.Yet in another embodiment, cryptomere liner 17 also can have the shape (shown in accompanying drawing 9B) that water leaks.In another embodiment, cryptomere liner 17 can also have for example asymmetric shapes such as pyriform shown in the accompanying drawing 9C, to be complementary with body shape.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can several cryptomere liners be set in several location around absorbent item.For example shown in accompanying drawing 13A, isolating cryptomere liner 17 can be set along the dual-side of absorbent item.Obviously, in this case if necessary, used each independently cryptomere liner can have different pressure.Perhaps, they also can be connected with each other shown in accompanying drawing 13B.
In another embodiment of the present invention, cryptomere liner 17 can be made of one or more materials that add in the absorbing structure.As shown in Figure 11, cryptomere liner 17 is by on the outer catch 34 of the existing polymerization of lamination/be connected to.
Accompanying drawing 14 is plan views of the cryptomere liner that adapts with human body of an elliptical shape with narrow mid portion.As shown in Figure 15, the cryptomere liner that this and human body adapt has a plurality of gauffers 30 on its two sides, and this cryptomere liner also comprises the chamber 51,52 with different hatch regions.In accompanying drawing 16 and 17A illustrated embodiment, cryptomere liner 17 also is the elliptical shape with narrow mid portion, but different with the cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 15, and zone line 53 is open.What accompanying drawing 17B represented is the profile of cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 16, and wherein cryptomere material 54 strides across zone line 53.In accompanying drawing 17C and 17D illustrated embodiment, be provided with the zone line that other material strides across the one or both sides of cryptomere liner 17.
As previously mentioned, in one embodiment of the invention, cryptomere liner 17 comprises that a plurality of gauffers 30 are so that the cryptomere liner has a plurality of elastic fluid-filled chambers.Shown in accompanying drawing 12A-12D, chamber 45-50 is (seeing accompanying drawing 12D) independent of each other, and perhaps they are connected with each other shown in accompanying drawing 12C.In an embodiment of the present invention, cryptomere liner 17 comprises that at least one is arranged on the catch 35 in the cryptomere chamber.
At the embodiment of the represented cryptomere liner that is used for absorbent item of accompanying drawing 18-23, the cryptomere liner has multidimensional structure.In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing 18-21, have different protuberantias and/or different sectional areas by the formed chamber of the gauffer of cryptomere liner.Cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 22 and 23 only is configured in the central area 60 with respect to the chamber projection around it.Also have similarly according to multidimensional cryptomere liner of the present invention among accompanying drawing 41 and the 42A-42D.In order to form this multidimensional cryptomere liner, except forming basic mechanical gauffer, also need adopt vacuum forming method.
What accompanying drawing 38 was represented is to adopt the vacuum forming method to form the process of cryptomere liner.Once cryptomere material layer 72 is transferred to by in roller 73 and the vacuum/sealing roller 74 formed cracks 75 on the cryptomere material layer 71 and.When material layer when the crack 75, will utilize syringe 79 that air or other suitable fluids are injected in the crack between two-layer.When two layers of material is passed through crack, thereby the seal bar shown in accompanying drawing 39 and 40 77,78 forms the ideal form that ideal sealing shape obtains gauffer and the fluid-filled fluid chamber of elasticity.Simultaneously, when material passes through the below in vacuum draw zone 76, vacuum is applied to the cryptomere material layer by vacuum/sealing roller 74.The spatial character and the vacuum range that is applied on the material, the cryptomere liner that formation is had various multidimensional characteristics that depend on the vacuum draw zone.
As previously mentioned, in absorbent item, adopt a result of cryptomere liner to improve the adaptability of absorbent item, thereby absorbent item and user can closely be contacted to improve its suction volume and distribution to body excretions the user health.Described adaptability depends on multiple factor, and the spatial character that not only depends on absorbent item also depends on the physical feature such as for example size and shape etc. of user.For this fact is described, thereby a kind of absorbent item described in the one embodiment of the invention comprises that also being used to make absorbent item more to meet the human body specification makes absorbent item can adapt to the assembly of individual user better.More particularly, the cryptomere liner also is designed to activate at a mechanical component continuous or that increase point place engages except the user health is produced the pressure.Mechanical component is constituted and is placed the particular locations of absorbent item usually by semihard or hard material.For example, the key of feminien hygiene pad suction position is central furcation zone.Being especially suitable for use as described in accompanying drawing 36 and the 37 expression one embodiment of the invention is used to make absorbent item more meet the absorbent item of the assembly of human body specification comprising of feminien hygiene pad.Described assembly comprises the similar automatic upspring type stretched out structure such as for example bellows-type structure 80 grades that is arranged in the central furcation zone, fluids such as for example air can be extruded to make fluid enter into the automatic upspring type structure simultaneously when described bellows-type structure 80 compresses cryptomere liner 81,82 from one or more cryptomere liners 81,82.In addition, also cryptomere liner 81,82 can be designed to suck the type of extraneous air.In an embodiment of the present invention, be with this automatic upspring type stretched out structure " locking " in certain position so that successive Body contact to be provided.In addition, owing to when using, just need make absorbent item reset into the size that adapts with human body, so this absorbent item of said modules that comprises also can be saved packing/transport space.
The method that another kind is used for making the cryptomere liner adapt to the user health better is the cryptomere liner to be had can be used for fluid being charged into the cryptomere cushion chambers or being used to adjust the Fluid Volume in the chamber so that absorbent item can adapt to the adjustable expansion gear of human body well.Be different from and the sort ofly make vacuum package device in the air admission chamber, be different from the gas evolution section bar material that invests in the sort of use in the chamber causing expansible device, also to be different from the device that the sort of employing and chamber are made the pump of one by discharging stopper or belt, the absorbent item described in the one embodiment of the invention be adopted a kind of by a suitable valve gear being arranged on the separating device in the absorbent item.Accompanying drawing 28A and 28B have expressed a kind of valve gear that is suitable for the single-phase valve form of absorbent item of the present invention.Single-phase valve 90 places the fluid suction tube in 91, and described fluid suction tube is the fluid passage that communicates with the chamber (not shown) of at least one cryptomere liner.When fluid entered the chamber of cryptomere liner, single-phase valve 90 will be opened (shown in accompanying drawing 28B) and enter in the chamber to allow fluid to flow through suction tube 91.When the fluid pressure in the chamber reached ideal value, the pressure in the chamber just forced single-phase valve 90 to move to closed position shown in accompanying drawing 28A.
Accompanying drawing 29 has been expressed another kind of valve arrangement.A center filling piece 92 is arranged in the fluid suction tube 93 with one heart, and described fluid suction tube is the fluid passage that communicates with at least one chamber in the absorbent item cryptomere liner.After the cryptomere liner expanded, the center filling piece 92 that is coated with a kind of bonding releasable material that is used to prevent that center filling piece 92 and bonding agent are mutually bonding shifted out, and fluid suction tube 93 will be sealed by the pressure that applies direction shown in arrow 94.In order to improve the sealing of fluid suction tube 93, the last coating in surface within it is a kind of guarantees that suction tube is in the bonding agent of sealing state.
In the described absorbent item of one embodiment of the invention, in order to improve the adaptability of absorbent item to the user health, cryptomere liner 17 is to make so that absorbent item has ideal bending by having different elastic materials.What accompanying drawing 33 was represented is the plan view that is used for the cryptomere liner 17 with different elastomeric materials of absorbent item described in the one embodiment of the invention.Accompanying drawing 34 be cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 33 along the cutaway view of XXXIV-XXXIV line, wherein have the top that places material 101 than the material 100 of low elasticity with higher elasticity, so just can obtain vertically being bent upwards of cryptomere liner.Similar, accompanying drawing 35 be cryptomere liner shown in the accompanying drawing 33 along the cutaway view of XXXV-XXXV line, wherein have the below that places material 107 than the material 106 of low elasticity with higher elasticity, so just can obtain vertical reclinate cryptomere liner.
The influence that crooked direction and position thereof can be subjected to the different materials present position, this point it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that.In accompanying drawing 30,31 and 32 among the embodiment of represented cryptomere liner of the present invention, has the characteristic that different elastic material sections are used to adjust the specific region of cryptomere liner.The cryptomere liner 17 that comprises material layer 96 and following material layer 97 shown in the accompanying drawing 30 comprises a projection 95 that is in central authorities, this projection is that it is compared with material around has higher elasticity owing to the patch material block that is arranged on central authorities in last material layer 96 causes.Formed this structure as shown in Figure 31, have set elastic prosthetic material piece 98 by seal perimeter 99 with have than being connected by the low material layer 103 of the prosthetic material piece elasticity on the material layer 103 formed openings 104.When material layer 103 charges into fluid in as one deck of cryptomere liner or material layer and cryptomere liner when forming ideal pressure, the patch material that constitutes zones of different 105 places shown in the accompanying drawing 32 will stretch on material layer 103 and form the projection 95 shown in the accompanying drawing 30.Also can adopt thin layer patch material for example or pre-other different materials such as patch material that stretch to form different responses corresponding to a certain given pressure, this point also is conspicuous to those skilled in the art.
In one embodiment of the invention, be to improve the distribution situation of fluid in absorbent item by the wriggling part is set in the cryptomere liner.Described wriggling spare adopts the surface modification form of the outer surface that is applied in the cryptomere liner usually.This surface modification and bag pressure co-action are come distributing fluids by the mode of wriggling.
The key of wriggling part is to apply pressure/force clocklike to the fluid storage that limits.In absorbent item of the present invention, start the required power of fluid transmission and come from by human body and action thereof and affact power on the absorbent item.For example, our the dynamic pressure having found to be applied on the women sanitary articles can change in a kind of fairly regular mode (referring to accompanying drawing 43).We can be provided with this true enlightenment a similar pump structure by the centre at absorbent item and improve the distribution situation of fluid in whole absorbent item.Accompanying drawing 24-27 invading the exterior shows the different embodiment with different wriggling parts.Accompanying drawing 24 is profiles of a multi-cavity chamber cryptomere liner, and wherein the base regions at adjacent fluid-filled chamber 56 is formed with groove 55.Accompanying drawing 25 also is the profile of a multi-cavity chamber cryptomere liner, and the surface of wherein elastic fluid-filled chamber 56 is formed with a plurality of micro-grooves 57.Accompanying drawing 26 also is the profile of a multi-cavity chamber cryptomere liner, wherein includes many fibers or filament 58 on the surface of elastic fluid-filled chamber.Accompanying drawing 27 also is the profile of a multi-cavity chamber cryptomere liner, wherein is provided with many fibers 59 in the base regions groove 55 of adjacent fluid-filled chamber 56.
Although the present invention has been carried out certain description by above preferred embodiment, also needed many detail content are set forth simultaneously, but to those skilled in the art, the present invention also can derive other embodiment obviously, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from ultimate principle of the present invention, above-mentioned some detail content also can be carried out sizable change simultaneously.
Claims (49)
1. absorbent item, it comprises:
Comprise the multilayer material of the mid portion at front portion, rear portion and connection front portion and rear portion, described multilayer material comprises top flat, egative film and the absorbed layer between described top flat and described egative film; And
At least one is arranged in the described absorbed layer or is arranged on to the fluid-filled chamber of three dimensional elasticity between described absorbed layer of small part and the described egative film.
2. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be filled with the fluid that is selected from this group material in the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity, comprise: water, air, gelinite, hydrogel, colloid, suspension and the mixture of being made up of above-mentioned fluid.
3. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity by fluid thoroughly material make.
4. absorbent item as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described fluid material thoroughly is selected from this group material, comprising: the mixture of thermoplastic, elastomer, polyurethane film, coated paper and above-mentioned material.
5. as absorbent item as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that: described fluid material thoroughly comprises in polyethylene and the polypropylene at least a.
6. absorbent item according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity is to go up material layer by one to form with one and the described common substantially following material layer that extends of material layer of going up, described upward material layer and described under material layer be tightly connected each other at least a portion place of material periphery.
7. absorbent item as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: at least one described material layer has gauffer to form the fluid-filled chamber of a plurality of elasticity.
8. absorbent item as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described upward material layer and described one of material layer down are flat, hard basically materials.
9. absorbent item as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described upward material layer and described one of material layer down were to stretch in advance before being connected to described another material layer.
10. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: have at least a catch to be arranged in the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity.
11. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at least a portion outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity coating is arranged.
12. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 also comprises being used to make the expansible assembly of the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity.
13. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be formed with a plurality of microchannels on the outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity.
14. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: on an outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity, be set with a lot of fibers.
15. absorbent item as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: the base portion of the fluid-filled chamber of described gauffer is formed with a plurality of grooves.
16. absorbent item as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: there are a lot of fibers to be arranged in the described groove.
17. absorbent item as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: the described material layer of going up has different elasticity with described material layer down.
18. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity is vacuum-formed.
19. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity has vesica piscis.
20. absorbent item as claimed in claim 19 also comprises the material of the described vesica piscis opening of that a kind of and described vesica piscis is connected and at least one side leap place central part.
21. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity comprises at least one wriggling part.
22. absorbent item as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity comprises one by the human body commensurate structure that power encouraged that is applied on the fluid-filled chamber of described at least one elasticity.
23. an absorbent item, it comprises:
The multilayer material that comprises top flat, egative film and the absorbed layer between described top flat and described egative film; And
At least one is arranged on to the fluid-filled chamber of three dimensional elasticity between described absorbed layer of small part and the described egative film.
24. a feminien hygiene absorbent item comprises:
Comprise the multilayer material of the mid portion at front portion, rear portion and connection front portion and rear portion, described multilayer material comprises top flat, egative film and the absorbed layer between described top flat and described egative film; And
At least one is arranged in the described absorbed layer or is arranged on to the fluid-filled chamber of three dimensional elasticity between described absorbed layer of small part and the described egative film.
25. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity comprises at least one wriggling part.
26. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: the outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity is formed with a plurality of microchannels, and described microchannels constitutes described at least one wriggling part.
27. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: described at least one wriggling assembly comprises the fiber that much is fixedly installed on the fluid-filled chamber outer surface of described elasticity.
28. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described at least one elasticity comprises at least one gauffer, thereby forms a plurality of fluid-filled chambers.
29. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described at least one elasticity comprises at least one gauffer, thereby forms a plurality of fluid-filled chambers.
30. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 29, it is characterized in that: the described base portion that has the fluid-filled chamber of gauffer is formed with a plurality of grooves between the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity, and described at least one wriggling part comprises the fiber that much is arranged in the described groove.
31. feminien hygiene absorbent item as claimed in claim 24 also comprises: be used to make the expansible assembly of the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity.
32. a diaper comprises:
Comprise the multilayer material of the mid portion at front portion, rear portion and connection front portion and rear portion, described multilayer material comprises top flat, egative film and the absorbed layer between described top flat and described egative film; And
At least one is arranged in the described absorbed layer or is arranged on to the fluid-filled chamber of three dimensional elasticity between described absorbed layer of small part and the described egative film.
33. for a kind of comprise fluid thoroughly sheet, fluid can not reveal the exact details sheet and be in described top flat and described egative film between the absorbent item of absorbing material, a kind of being used to improved the method that adaptability, the fluid suction volume that increases described absorbent item and fluid distribute, and may further comprise the steps:
In described absorbent item, insert the fluid-filled chamber of elasticity that at least one comprises at least one wriggling part.
34. method as claimed in claim 33 is characterized in that: be filled with the fluid that is selected from this group material in the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity, comprise: water, air, gelinite, hydrogel, colloid, suspension and the mixture of forming by above-mentioned fluid.
35. method as claimed in claim 33 is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity be by fluid thoroughly material make.
36. method as claimed in claim 35 is characterized in that: described fluid material thoroughly is selected from this group material, comprising: the mixture of thermoplastic, elastomer, polyurethane film, coated paper and above-mentioned material.
37. as method as described in the claim 33, it is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described elasticity is to go up material layer by one to form with one and the described common substantially following material layer that extends of material layer of going up, described upward material layer and described under material layer be tightly connected each other at least a portion place of material periphery.
38. as method as described in the claim 37, also comprise: one of at least material layer has gauffer to form the fluid-filled chamber of a plurality of elasticity in material layer and the following material layer on the fluid-filled chamber of described at least one elasticity.
39. also comprise: as described at least one catch is inserted in the fluid-filled chamber of at least one elasticity as method as described in the claim 33.
40. as method as described in the claim 38, it is characterized in that: described material layer and one of described time material layer gone up is flat basically, hard material basically.
41. as method as described in the claim 38, it is characterized in that: the described material layer of going up was to stretch in advance with one of described time material layer before being connected to described another material layer.
42. also comprise as method as described in the claim 33: at least a portion outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of at least one elasticity, coating is arranged.
43. also comprise as method as described in the claim 33: as described in be formed with a plurality of microchannels on the outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of at least one elasticity.
44. also comprise as method as described in the claim 33: as described in be connected with a lot of fibers on the outer surface of the fluid-filled chamber of elasticity.
45. also comprise as method as described in the claim 38: as described in form groove between the base portion of gauffer.
46. also comprise: as described in a lot of fibers are inserted in the groove as method as described in the claim 45.
47. as method as described in the claim 33, it is characterized in that: the fluid-filled chamber of described at least one elasticity is that vacuum forms.
48. as method as described in the claim 33, it is characterized in that: described absorbent item is a kind of disposable diaper.
49. as method as described in the claim 33, it is characterized in that: described absorbent item is a kind of women sanitary articles.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/388,212 US6695828B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Method for enhancing fluid intake and distribution of an absorbent article |
| US09/388,210 US6428522B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Absorbent article with body-conforming bladder having peristaltic elements |
| US09/387,725 US6610038B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Body-conforming bladder insert for an absorbent article with a body-fitting mechanism |
| US09/388,210 | 1999-08-31 | ||
| US09/387,726 US6524292B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 1999-08-31 | Three dimensional body-conforming bladder for an absorbent article |
| US09/387,725 | 1999-08-31 | ||
| US09/388,212 | 1999-08-31 | ||
| US09/387,726 | 1999-08-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1391455A true CN1391455A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
Family
ID=27503282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00816051A Pending CN1391455A (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2000-08-24 | Three dimensional body-conforming bladder for absorbent article |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20020059379A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1391455A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR025467A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6933300A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0013683A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10084955T1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2369578B (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02001685A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001015648A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021163867A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article with three-dimensional substrate |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6450997B1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-09-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent articles having a bellows for circulating fresh air |
| US20070293832A1 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Absorbent article with waist seal and method of manufacturing |
| DE102016102481B4 (en) | 2016-02-12 | 2022-07-07 | Sanna von Klier | non-woven fabric |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH515791A (en) * | 1969-04-19 | 1971-11-30 | Levrini Tullio | Process for making elements with one or more pressure cavities, equipment for its execution and element obtained with this process |
| US3525055A (en) * | 1969-07-08 | 1970-08-18 | Rca Corp | Temperature compensated crystal oscillator |
| US3812001A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1974-05-21 | Weyerhaeuser Co | Cushioned absorbent pad |
| US4055180A (en) * | 1976-04-23 | 1977-10-25 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Absorbent article with retained hydrocolloid material |
| DE3512859A1 (en) * | 1985-04-10 | 1986-10-30 | Dieter 8000 München Oberhuber | Nappy for babies, infants and patients |
| DE3517192A1 (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1986-11-13 | Vereinigte Papierwerke Schickedanz & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Sanitary towel for female hygiene or incontinence |
| US5229186A (en) * | 1991-07-08 | 1993-07-20 | Tredegar Industries, Inc. | Deep embossed plastic film |
| WO1995000089A1 (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-01-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disposable absorbent article with selectively expandable or inflatable components |
| US5728446A (en) * | 1993-08-22 | 1998-03-17 | Johnston; Raymond P. | Liquid management film for absorbent articles |
| US5582604A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1996-12-10 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Disposable absorbent article having a pump and an inflatable component |
| DK0738505T3 (en) * | 1995-04-11 | 2000-04-25 | Pantex Srl | Process for making laminated material impermeable to fluids |
| NZ299793A (en) * | 1995-12-15 | 1998-06-26 | Johnson & Johnson Inc | Body comforming absorbent structure comprising a fluid impermeable, fluidly adaptive component |
| US5906879A (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1999-05-25 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Ultra resilient three-dimensional nonwoven fiber material and process for producing the same |
-
2000
- 2000-08-24 MX MXPA02001685A patent/MXPA02001685A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-24 WO PCT/US2000/023241 patent/WO2001015648A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2000-08-24 CN CN00816051A patent/CN1391455A/en active Pending
- 2000-08-24 BR BR0013683-2A patent/BR0013683A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-24 AU AU69333/00A patent/AU6933300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-24 KR KR1020027002553A patent/KR20020059379A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-24 DE DE10084955T patent/DE10084955T1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-08-24 GB GB0205801A patent/GB2369578B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-08-31 AR ARP000104555A patent/AR025467A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021163867A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article with three-dimensional substrate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MXPA02001685A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| GB2369578B (en) | 2004-11-17 |
| AU6933300A (en) | 2001-03-26 |
| GB2369578A (en) | 2002-06-05 |
| WO2001015648A1 (en) | 2001-03-08 |
| KR20020059379A (en) | 2002-07-12 |
| DE10084955T1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
| AR025467A1 (en) | 2002-11-27 |
| BR0013683A (en) | 2003-01-28 |
| GB0205801D0 (en) | 2002-04-24 |
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