CN1385635A - Multi-layer magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic gearing device - Google Patents
Multi-layer magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic gearing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1385635A CN1385635A CN 02112164 CN02112164A CN1385635A CN 1385635 A CN1385635 A CN 1385635A CN 02112164 CN02112164 CN 02112164 CN 02112164 A CN02112164 A CN 02112164A CN 1385635 A CN1385635 A CN 1385635A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009351 contact transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 241001212149 Cathetus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H49/00—Other gearings
- F16H49/005—Magnetic gearings with physical contact between gears
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
- H02K49/102—Magnetic gearings, i.e. assembly of gears, linear or rotary, by which motion is magnetically transferred without physical contact
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of multilayer planar magnetic engaged wheel and multilayer spherical magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic transmission equipment adopting this magnetic engaged wheel. Said multilayer magnetic engaged wheel is formed from several rotatable bases, several spacing pieces rotatable together with bases, magnetic bodies distributed on the bases and rotating shaft. Its whose magnetic engaged wheel is made up by alternatively and axially coinciding bases with magnetic bodies and spacing pieces togehter. The magnetic bodies are uniformly-spaced and arranged on the graduated cycle of base and magnetic shaft directions are alternatively arranged, in the engaged position of two engaged wheels any magnetic body or magnetic pole of one magnetic engaged wheel is being in magnetic potential well formed from several magnetic bodies or magnetic poles of another magnetic engaged wheel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission part and device, particularly a kind of magnetically engaged wheel be used for replacing the magnetic variable speed drive of mechanical force with inhaling mutually and repelling each other between magnet as engaging force.
Background technique
Mechanical gear is the present good transmission device of most widely used general best performance.But gear has wearing and tearing, need to lubricate, and no overload protection function, its maximum linear velocity can not surpass 250m/s, and noise is very big under high speed, and manufacturing requires also high.
Compare with mechanical gear, magnetic gear has high mechanical efficiency, does not contact, noise is low and do not have a series of advantages such as wearing and tearing.Be disclosed in B. P. EP1069671 and be disclosed in 5,569,967 two of the U. S. Patents on October 29th, 1996 and disclosed two kinds of magnetic gear structures on January 17 calendar year 2001.Wherein, EP1069671 has disclosed a kind of magnetic gear that comes carry-over moment with the repulsion between like pole as engagement.But the magnetic gear of this structure, its maximum magnetic engaging force is very little.The term engaging force F here is defined as engaging force and takes advantage of tooth radius to equal torque, and when load was big, magnet just contacted, and becomes mechanical transmission but not the magnetic transmission, not only this moment, transmission performance was very poor, and can cause irrational friction, even crashes the magnet of fragility.U.S. Pat P5569967 has disclosed and has a kind ofly come the magnetic gear of transmitting torque by the suction between magnet, but maximum engagement power is also very little.Chinese patent application CN85103467A also mentions with repulsion between magnet and realizes the magnetic gear that meshes, and its maximum engagement power also is very little.Therefore the common drawback of above-mentioned patent all is that maximum engagement power is too little, can not be applied to more powerful transmission.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of magnetic transmission device that adopts a plurality of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheels, its maximum engagement power is far longer than the magnetic gear that aforementioned patent discloses.
Comprise a plurality of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheels according to this magnetic transmission device of the present invention, each described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A planar rondure substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle be positioned in the substrate and
Concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and magnetic on the standard pitch circle
The alternating polarity of body is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described magnet is along hanging down
Straight aligned with each other in the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually is identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Run through the center of circle of substrate in the every magnetically engaged wheel and described distance piece and perpendicular to the rotating shaft of substrate and distance piece, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft,
Two intermeshing modes of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel are, their rotating shaft is parallel to each other, all be inserted with a magnetically engaged wheel in another multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels in one of them multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel, and all magnets on the magnetically engaged wheel has identical magnetic arc distance on the standard pitch circle in each described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel under separately.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of magnetic transmission device that adopts a plurality of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheels, and its maximum engagement power is far longer than the magnetic gear that aforementioned patent discloses.
Comprise according to this magnetic transmission device of the present invention:
A plurality of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheels, each multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, wherein, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
The substrate of spherical shell shape, the spherical shell shape substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels all has the identical centre of sphere; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned at the substrate of spherical shell shape
Last and its center of circle is positioned on the line of the spherical shell shape substrate center and the centre of sphere, and the magnetic axis of all magnets all
Point to or oppositely point to the described substrate centre of sphere, and be positioned at the alternating polarity row of the magnet on the standard pitch circle
Cloth, and on two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described magnet is along pointing to or oppositely point to the described substrate centre of sphere
Direction aligned with each other, and mutually the magnetic axis direction of the magnet of alignment is identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Point to the centre of sphere of described substrate sphere and run through the rotating shaft of each sheet magnetically engaged wheel substrate spherical shell center and described spherical shell shape distance piece, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft,
Two intermeshing modes of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel are, the intersection point that all spherical substrate have the axis of the same centre of sphere and two rotating shafts is positioned at this centre of sphere, all is inserted with a magnetically engaged wheel in another multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels in one of them multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of magnetic transmission device of changing of being used between straight line motion and circular movement, its maximum engagement power is far longer than the magnetic gear that aforementioned patent discloses.
Comprise according to this magnetic transmission device of the present invention:
The multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel, it comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A planar rondure substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned in the substrate
And concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and calibration
The alternating polarity of circle upper magnet is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described
Magnet is along aligned with each other perpendicular to the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually
Identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Run through the center of circle of substrate in the every magnetically engaged wheel and described distance piece and perpendicular to substrate and distance piece
Rotating shaft, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft; And
Magnetically engaged strip, it comprises:
The draw runner that can move along described magnetically engaged wheel tangent direction; And
With many magnetic disk strips that draw runner fuses, be embedded with to described magnetic disk strip equal intervals magnet, edge
The magnetic pole of the described magnet of draw runner moving direction is alternately arranged and along the described magnet that is parallel to rotor shaft direction
The magnetic axis direction of each magnet that is aligned to magnetic row and same magnetic row is identical, and magnet is along the draw runner side of moving
To spacing and the arc spacing between described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel upper magnet isometric.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of inner gearing type magnetic transmission device, and its maximum engagement power is far longer than the magnetic gear that aforementioned patent discloses.
Comprise according to this magnetic transmission device of the present invention:
Magnetically engaged wheel in the multilayer planar, it comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A planar rondure substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned in the substrate
And concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and calibration
The alternating polarity of circle upper magnet is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described
Magnet is along aligned with each other perpendicular to the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually
Identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Run through the center of circle of substrate in the every magnetically engaged wheel and described distance piece and perpendicular to substrate and distance piece
Rotating shaft, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft; And
The outer magnetically engaged wheel of multilayer planar, it comprises:
The tubular swivel mount;
With the multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel that described tubular swivel mount links together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A plane annular substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned in the substrate
And concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and calibration
The alternating polarity of circle upper magnet is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described
Magnet is along aligned with each other perpendicular to the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually
Identical; And
Run through described tubular swivel mount axle center and perpendicular to the rotating shaft on annular substrates plane, described substrate with
Heart is fixed on the tubular swivel mount, and the tubular swivel mount then is fixed in the rotating shaft,
The outer intermeshing mode of magnetically engaged wheel of magnetically engaged wheel and multilayer planar is in the multilayer planar, their rotating shaft is parallel to each other, all be inserted with another a magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two the adjacent magnetically engaged wheels of one of them, and in each described multilayer planar in the outer magnetically engaged wheel of magnetically engaged wheel and multilayer planar all magnets on the magnetically engaged wheel under separately, have identical magnetic arc distance on the standard pitch circle.
Magnetic transmission device of the present invention has that engaging force is big, rotating speed is high, noise is low, does not have wearing and tearing, cleaning, efficient, definite rotating ratio is arranged, have overload protection function and makes a series of advantages such as easy processing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are the structural drawing of individual layer magnetically engaged wheel (being that a slice magnetically engaged wheel 26 adds a slice distance piece 27), and the polarity of each magnet 1～24 on standard pitch circle 29 is alternately arranged, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is a front elevation, and Fig. 1 (b) is an axial section.
Fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show magnet polarity method for expressing, and the direction of magnetic axis 30 is the direction from the S utmost point to the N utmost point in the magnet, and drawing three line persons on the magnetic pole strength is the N utmost point, and wherein Fig. 2 (a) is a side view, and Fig. 2 (b) is a top view.
Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are the structural drawing of another individual layer magnetically engaged wheel, and wherein, Fig. 3 (a) is a front elevation, and Fig. 3 (b) is an axial section, label 31～42 expression magnets among the figure, 43 expression substrates, 44 expression magnetically engaged wheels, 45 expression distance pieces, 46 expression rotating shafts, 47 is standard pitch circle.
Fig. 4 is two axial sections after the engagement of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel; The first half is magnetically engaged wheel shown in Figure 1 and the axial section of the coaxial superimposed back magnetically engaged wheel A that forms of distance piece; Lower Half is the axial section of the magnetically engaged wheel C of the coaxial formation after superimposed of magnetically engaged wheel shown in Figure 3 and distance piece.In arbitrary magnetically engaged wheel, a row magnet vertically is called the magnetic row, and its magnetic axis all is in the same way, and the magnetic axis of the magnet of adjacent magnetic row is opposite.Just meshing the position, as the position at magnet among the figure 31 and 13 places, the magnetic axis direction of the magnet of two magnetically engaged wheels is also all identical.
Fig. 5 is the axial section of two multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel engagements, and the O point is the common centre of sphere of two all magnetically engaged wheels of sphere magnetically engaged wheel and distance piece;
Fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are the situation that magnetically engaged wheel and magnetically engaged strip are meshed.Top is magnetically engaged wheel, and the bottom is magnetically engaged strip 86 and dovetail slideway 87.
Fig. 7 is the axial section of two magnetically engaged wheel inner gearing type structures.
Embodiment
Below by accompanying drawing preferred embodiment of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are that wherein Fig. 1 (a) is its front elevation according to the structural drawing of the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel A of preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 (b) is the axial section of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel, and for simplicity, wherein one deck only draws among Fig. 1 (b).Shown in Fig. 1 (b), this layer plane magnetically engaged wheel comprises a magnetically engaged wheel (magnetic wheels) 26, one interblock partition (Spacer) 27 and rotating shaft 28, rotating shaft 28 runs through the center of magnetically engaged wheel 26 and runs through distance piece 27, and magnetically engaged wheel 26 and distance piece 27 is fixed in the rotating shaft 28 and the plane of the two all perpendicular to rotating shaft 28.Shown in Fig. 1 (a), magnetically engaged wheel 26 is made up of rotatable flat circle plate-like substrate 25 and the magnet 1～24 that is arranged in the substrate 25, and magnet 1～24 equally spaced is arranged in a circle in substrate 25, and the circle of these magnet geometrical centers of process is exactly a standard pitch circle 29.The direction of S to the N utmost point is called magnetic axis 30 in the magnet shown in Fig. 2 (a) 1～24, and the magnetic axis 30 of all magnets all is parallel to rotating shaft 28.Magnetic axis 30 at standard pitch circle 29 upper magnets 1～24 is alternately arranged.In other words, arrange at the alternating polarity of the magnet 1～24 of substrate 25 upper edge standard pitch circles, the polarity of promptly arbitrary magnetic pole and adjacent pole is opposite.Therefore the magnet numbers Z on each magnetically engaged wheel 26 is an even number.In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, magnet 1～24 embeds in the substrate 25 and the thickness on its magnetic axis 30 directions equates with the thickness of substrate 25.In addition, the thickness of distance piece 27 is larger than substrate 25 thickness.The shape of magnet 1～24 can adopt cylindrical body, prism, oval cylinder or other shape, and substrate 25 and distance piece 27 should adopt electrical insulating property or high resistivity material to eliminate or to reduce eddy current, certainly, also can adopt metal in the slow-speed of revolution is used.
Multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel A is by multi-disc identical magnetically engaged wheel 26 and multi-disc identical distance sheet 27 coaxial alternate being formed by stacking, in other words, separate by an interblock partition 27 between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels 26, therefore outmost distance piece can save, if promptly magnetically engaged wheel is the n sheet, then distance piece is the n-1 sheet, n=1,2,3 ...So the configuration after superimposed is: magnetically engaged wheel/distance piece/magnetically engaged wheel ... / distance piece/... distance piece/magnetically engaged wheel.Magnet on adjacent two magnetically engaged wheels in superimposed back is being parallel on the rotor shaft direction aligned with each otherly, is called the magnetic row being parallel to a row magnet that aligns on the rotor shaft direction.Require the magnetic axis of magnet of same magnetic row equidirectional when superimposed, the alternating polarity of the magnet of just same magnetic row is arranged.In other words, be parallel to rotor shaft direction, all adjacent magnets all are in the state of attracting each other.Owing to all alternately arrange,, and be symmetry axis with the rotating shaft so the magnetic line of force of whole magnetically engaged wheel is the cage shape along the standard pitch circle direction with along the magnetic pole of rotor shaft direction.The magnetic line of force of arbitrary magnetic row returns from the two row magnetic row on both sides then before axially along common magnetic and forms the loop.
Fig. 4 upper half part shows the axial section of the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel A that is built up, for simplicity, has only drawn three magnetically engaged wheels here.
The function of a multilayer magnetically engaged wheel is equivalent to a mechanical gear, two magnetically engaged wheels that are meshed are equivalent to the transmission device that two mechanical gears that are meshed constitute, multistage transmission magnetically engaged wheel group is equivalent to multistage gearing gear train, every magnet on magnetically engaged wheel is equivalent to each gear teeth of mechanical gear, and the number Z of a magnetically engaged wheel upper magnet is equivalent to the number of teeth of a gear.Circle through each magnet geometrical center on the magnetically engaged wheel is called standard pitch circle, the standard pitch circle that is equivalent to mechanical gear, the diameter d of standard pitch circle is equivalent to the gear compound graduation circular diameter in the magnetically engaged wheel, the arc distance of magnet on standard pitch circle is equivalent to the sector distance of gear, in magnetically engaged wheel, also introduce modulus m, and d=Z * m=Z * sector distance/π.
Magnetically engaged wheel is the same with mechanical gear, also possesses the ability of setting gear ratio.For example, the magnet numbers of supposing pairing each magnetically engaged wheel of two magnetically engaged wheels that is meshed is respectively Z
1And Z
1＇, rotating speed is respectively ω
1And ω
1＇, then its rotating ratio is:
Form step by-step variable gear or gear train if resemble the mechanical gear, then rotating ratio is
Then total gear ratio is
K＝K
1×K
2×K
3
In this relation and the mechanical gear is the same.
Below be the theory of engagement that example is described the magnetic transmission device with the engagement of two magnetically engaged wheels.Shown in Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b), structure and the magnetically engaged wheel A of the magnetically engaged wheel C that is meshed with magnetically engaged wheel A are basic identical.In Fig. 3 (a), 31～42 is magnet, and 43 are substrate, and 45 is distance piece, and 46 are rotating shaft.Be the conversion rotating speed, the diameter of the standard pitch circle 47 of this magnetically engaged wheel C and the number of every magnetically engaged wheel upper magnet be different with magnetically engaged wheel A all, but require the arc spacing of magnet on affiliated separately standard pitch circle of two magnetically engaged wheels that are meshed identical, promptly require to have identical modulus m.If magnetically engaged wheel A is built up by n sheet magnetically engaged wheel, the then desirable n-1 of magnetically engaged wheel C, n or n+1 sheet magnetically engaged wheel.When being meshed, two-wheeled also require standard pitch circle tangent substantially.Fig. 4 lower half portion shows the axial section of the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel C that is built up.
Fig. 4 is the state after magnetically engaged wheel A and the C engagement.As shown in Figure 4, the engagement system of two multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel A and C is, rotating shaft separately is parallel to each other, all be inserted with the magnetically engaged wheel of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel A in the gap between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels among the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel C, and all magnets in each described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel on the magnetically engaged wheel have arc distance between identical magnet on the standard pitch circle under separately, identical magnetic arc distance is promptly arranged, and in other words, promptly the modulus m of two multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheels is identical.
For reducing the magnetic resistance in loop, can respectively paste the concentrating flux plate 57 and 58 of lastblock high permeability at the outer surface of outmost two magnetically engaged wheels.
In magnetic transmission device shown in Figure 4, at the engagement position, each piece magnet 1～24 of magnetically engaged wheel A all is in some magnets 31～42 formed magnetic potential traps of magnetically engaged wheel C, conversely, each piece magnet 31～42 of magnetically engaged wheel C wheel also all is in some magnets 1～24 formed magnetic potential trap of magnetically engaged wheel A.On the standard pitch circle and to be parallel to the polarity of alternately arranging magnet on the rotor shaft direction be in order to make potential well darker and the potential well wall is steeper, thereby when having the trend of the potential well left, magnet produces bigger magnetic force.It is worthy of note, in above-mentioned magnetic transmission device, magnetic interaction is not limited only to a row magnet at two tangent places of standard pitch circle, this row magnet and adjacent magnet also have magnetic interaction, and between each contiguous row magnet interaction being arranged also, only this effect is along with weakening away from tangent place.Engaging force noted earlier just these active forces along the algebraic sum of the tangential component of standard pitch circle tangent direction.
When the standard pitch diameter of a multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel is tending towards infinity, then become the magnetically engaged strip that is similar to mechanical tooth bar, the engagement between magnetically engaged wheel and the magnetically engaged strip can realize the conversion between circular movement and the straight line motion.Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are the structure after magnetically engaged wheel and the magnetically engaged strip engagement, and Fig. 6 a is a front elevation, and Fig. 6 b is for to cut open the sectional drawing of getting along Fig. 6 a cathetus A '-A '.The figure middle and upper part is a magnetically engaged wheel, and the bottom is a magnetically engaged strip, and the structure of magnetically engaged wheel is described identical with Fig. 1, by some magnetically engaged wheels 88,89 and some distance pieces 85 alternate coaxial being formed by stacking, and 84 rotations around the shaft.Magnetically engaged wheel 88 also is made up of substrate 83, the magnet 71-82 that is arranged in the substrate 83.Magnetically engaged strip is formed by draw runner 86 and with many magnetic disk strips 90,91 and 92 that draw runner 86 fuses, be embedded with to magnetic disk strip 90,91 and 92 equal intervals magnet 64-70, the magnetic pole of these magnets is alternately arranged, and the arc spacing between spacing between magnet and magnetically engaged wheel upper magnet is isometric.On the direction that is parallel to rotating shaft 84, the corresponding magnets align on each magnetic disk strip becomes magnetic row, and the magnetic axis direction of each magnet of same magnetic row is identical, and the magnetic axis direction of adjacent magnetic row is opposite, the draw runner 86 of magnetically engaged strip can below dovetail groove 87 in slide.For for simplicity, two magnetically engaged wheels and three magnetic disk strips have only been drawn among Fig. 6 a and the 6b.In the magnetically engaged strip structure shown in Fig. 6 a and the 6b, magnetic disk strip and draw runner are linked to be an integral body, saved the spacer bar between the magnetic disk strip 90,91 and 92.The generation of engaging force is identical with aforementioned multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel.When magnetically engaged wheel clockwise rotated, magnetically engaged strip just slided left; And when magnetically engaged wheel rotated counterclockwise, magnetically engaged strip just slided to the right.
Similar with the internal gear type of mechanical gear, magnetically engaged wheel also can be made inner gearing type, and the sense of rotation of two magnetically engaged wheels that be meshed this moment is identical.Fig. 7 shows two structures after the engagement of inner gearing type magnetically engaged wheel.In this case, larger-size one must be called outer magnet-wheel outside in two magnetically engaged wheels of engagement, and what size was less must be called interior magnet-wheel interior.The structure of interior magnet-wheel is described identical with Fig. 1, also form by multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel 93,94 and 95, multi-disc distance piece 98,99 and rotating shaft 100, annular magnetically engaged wheel 101,102 and rotating shaft 104 that outer magnet-wheel connects together by tubular swivel mount 103, with the tubular swivel mount are formed, and the distance piece here is removed and by the part replacement of tubular swivel mount.Magnet 96,97,105 and 106 equally spaced is arranged on the standard pitch circle, and polarity also is alternately to arrange on standard pitch circle.Each magnet is being axially aligned into magnetic row, the magnetic axis of same magnetic row in the same way, the magnetic axis of adjacent magnetic row is reverse.The requirement of two magnet-wheels engagements also is that the arc distance between magnet on the monolithic magnetically engaged wheel on the two-wheeled equates.The generation of engaging force is identical with aforesaid multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel.When a magnet-wheel rotates, promptly drive the equidirectional rotation of another magnet-wheel, its rotating ratio is the inverse ratio of monolithic magnetically engaged wheel upper magnet number.For for simplicity, 2 magnetically engaged wheels of outer magnet-wheel and 3 magnetically engaged wheels of interior magnet-wheel have only been drawn among Fig. 7.
It is worthy of note, in the magnetically engaged wheel of above-mentioned plane, distance piece and substrate can integrated molding to constitute an integral body.
The structure of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel is below described.Fig. 5 is the axial section of two multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel engagements, this structure can be formed through following geometric operation by two multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheels shown in Figure 4: two multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheels are rotation axes of symmetry with rotating shaft 55 and 56 separately, with substrate 51,52,60,61 and 62 and substrate 52 and 62 on the concentrating flux plate (not shown), distance piece 53,54 and 63 bend to concentric spherical shell together with magnet, also will be in bending near the substrate 60 of the centre of sphere one side, 61 and 62, the concentrating flux plate (not shown), distance piece 53,54,63 and magnet dwindle in the ratio of spherical shell radius, promptly lean on the goal heart, its magnetically engaged wheel more, standard pitch circle, concentrating flux plate, distance piece and magnet are just more little.Therefore magnet will become cone, and outer bottom becomes recessed and protruding spherical shape in it, geometric operation also will satisfy an essential condition, i.e. the centre of sphere of the multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel of two engagements coincides with same point O, and this is to guarantee two necessary conditions that magnetically engaged wheel can mesh.For each multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel, the solid angle that each substrate, distance piece and magnet are opened the centre of sphere is identical respectively, and the magnet number on each magnetically engaged wheel is also identical, and the magnet sizes on the same magnetically engaged wheel is identical, the magnet sizes difference on the different magnetically engaged wheels.The magnetically engaged wheel of different multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheels is different with the solid angle possibility that distance piece is opened the centre of sphere.Two intermeshing modes of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel are, the intersection point that all spherical shell face substrates have the axis of same centre of sphere O and two rotating shafts also is positioned at centre of sphere O, all is inserted with a magnetically engaged wheel in another multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels in one of them multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel.This multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel can transmit power under two rotating shafts have the situation of any angle, its function is equivalent to the two cone gears engagement in the mechanical gear.The maximum engagement power of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel is close with the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel.
Equally, the same with the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel, multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel also can be made inner gearing type, because basic principle is the same, therefore repeats no more.
In addition, theoretically, the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel is actually the special circumstances of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel when the spherical shell radius is tending towards infinity.
Among the present invention the magnet material therefor comprise common permanent magnet (NdFeB, ferrite and magnet steel etc.), superconductive permanent magnet, superconducting line around electromagnet and ordinary lines around electromagnet etc.
Comprise in the magnetic transmission device of various magnetically engaged wheels in the present invention, the device two ends can be provided with the concentrating flux plate guiding magnetic line of force.Therefore the gap except that between magnet is the air, the path of the magnetic line of force all within magnet and permeability magnetic material, so in flux loop magnetic resistance mainly from the space between adjacent magnets.Because this gap can be done very for a short time, so when doing the inner core of electromagnet with the material of high permeability, very little field current can form the magnetic induction above 1T, it also is feasible therefore acting on behalf of permanent magnet with common electromagnet.
Can have very large maximum engagement power and through-put power according to above-mentioned magnetic transmission device of the present invention.The magnetic transmission device that constitutes with the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel that adopts existing commercially available NdFeB permanent magnet manufacturing is an example, the residual magnetic induction intensity Br that supposes this permanent magnet is 1T, coercivity H is 1000KA/m, the standard pitch diameter of one of them multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel is 100mm (maximum outside diameter 115mm), thick 50mm, the standard pitch diameter of another multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel that is meshed is 50mm (maximum outside diameter 65mm), thick 60m, then maximum engagement power F
MaxWill be above 400 newton.If make driving wheel with bull wheel, rotating speed is 1000 revolutions per seconds, and then the rotating speed as the steamboat of follower is 2000 revolutions per seconds, therefore can transmit the power above 100KW.
If adopt superconducting line around magnet or with the superconductive permanent magnet of capturing magnetic flux (the superconductor YBa of for example melting texture method production
2Cu
3O
7-X), then the magnetic field that is produced is stronger, and maximum engagement power will be bigger.
Multilayer magnetically engaged wheel of the present invention has following characteristics:
1. has overload protection function
With the plane magnetically engaged wheel is example, and when the load of C wheel increased, the C wheel had bigger hysteresis on corner, continue to strengthen the load of C wheel, and then meshing power further strengthens, and reaches maximum value Fmax at last, and Fmax is exactly a maximum engagement power.Surpass this value back engaging force and reduce, then engaging force is reverse, and at this moment the A wheel is subjected to the promotion of C wheel on the contrary and quickens.When this thing happens, the A wheel was exported energy a little while, is subjected to energy regenerative for a moment, and its average output power is zero.C wheel will stop under the effect of load gradually, and the A wheel then instigates to be issued to unloaded limit speed at power source.This situation claims drop out of gear.Owing to be magnetic force engagement, so A wheel and C take turns and can not damage during drop out of gear.Here it is overload protection function.Therefore, magnetically engaged wheel has the torque limit function, and the situation of sphere magnetically engaged wheel is also identical.
2. Contact Transmission not
Magnetically engaged wheel is by magnetic force rather than by the mechanical force transmission, so nothing machinery contact between driving wheel and the follower.Thereby do not have wearing and tearing, do not need to lubricate, very cleaning yet.Can vacuum insulation between this outer driver and the follower, promptly the magnetically engaged wheel magnetically engaged wheel that another is meshed with it in atmosphere is in a vacuum.These characteristics are particularly useful in some occasion.
3. low noise
Owing to be Contact Transmission not, there is not friction, there is not bump, so noise is very low.
4. high efficiency
Because of magnetically engaged wheel does not have the mechanical friction loss, and when substrate and distance piece adopt electrically insulating material, do not have eddy current loss, magnetic field does not reach the degree of radiated electromagnetic wave yet at the variance ratio in space, and the magnetic flux in the permanent magnet also is constant, therefore magnetically engaged wheel has near hundred-percent transmission efficiency, once did experiment: allow two magnetically engaged wheels long-play under 10000 rev/mins rotating speed, ball bearing has the magnetically engaged wheel of intensification then not have appreciable intensification as a result.If replace permanent magnet with electromagnet, then field current will consume less energy.
5. high rotating speed
Because be magnetic engagement, noise is low, therefore the structural considerations of rotating speed without limits can run on high rotating speed again, easily speed change to and run on per minute 100,000 and change above rotating speed, what limit rotating speed is the tensile strength of substrate and distance piece.This is for enough centripetal force is provided.
6. soft engagement
When magnetically engaged wheel started, follower came slowly with the step process than mechanical gear to driving wheel, soft engagement that Here it is, and the mechanism to the back when its advantage is startup does not have big impact force.Its shortcoming is that the local angle velocity ratio of magnetically engaged wheel is accurate not as good as mechanical gear.The manufacturing of magnetically engaged wheel is easier than mechanical gear.
7. maximum engagement power Fmax
If the magnetically engaged wheel number of the multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel of two engagements is respectively n and n+1, magnet is cylindrical, and diameter is D, and cylinder axis is parallel to rotating shaft.Cylindrical magnet surface magnetic induction is B.Then maximum engagement power is proportional to 2nB
2D.Be that Fmax is proportional to 2nB
2D.The situation of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel is complicated, but Fmax also increases along with the increase of n, B, D.The Fmax of two kinds of magnetically engaged wheels is reducing and increase with the axial clearance between magnet.
8. can make the adjustable electromagnet magnetically engaged wheel of maximum engagement power
If replace permanent magnet, then change field current intensity and can change magnetic induction B, thereby change maximum engagement power Fmax with electromagnet.Like this, even the upper limit that the torque of being transmitted also can arbitrarily be set in service is very convenient.Certainly conductive hoop and brush need in this device.
Claims (8)
1. a magnetic transmission device is characterized in that,
Comprise a plurality of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheels, each described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A planar rondure substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle be positioned in the substrate and
Concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and magnetic on the standard pitch circle
The alternating polarity of body is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described magnet is along hanging down
Straight aligned with each other in the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually is identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Run through the center of circle of substrate in the every magnetically engaged wheel and described distance piece and perpendicular to the rotating shaft of substrate and distance piece, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft,
Two intermeshing modes of multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel are, their rotating shaft is parallel to each other, all be inserted with a magnetically engaged wheel in another multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels in one of them multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel, and all magnets on the magnetically engaged wheel has identical magnetic arc distance on the standard pitch circle in each described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel under separately.
2. magnetic transmission device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described magnet material therefor is selected from NdFeB, ferrite, magnet steel, superconductive permanent magnet, superconducting line around in electromagnet any one of electromagnet and ordinary lines.
3. magnetic transmission device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, respectively places a concentrating flux plate on the outer surface of two magnetically engaged wheels of described magnetic transmission device outermost.
4. a magnetic transmission device is characterized in that,
Comprise a plurality of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheels, each multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, wherein, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
The substrate of spherical shell shape, the spherical shell shape substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels all has the identical centre of sphere; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned at the substrate of spherical shell shape
Last and its center of circle is positioned on the line of the spherical shell shape substrate center and the centre of sphere, and the magnetic axis of all magnets all
Point to or oppositely point to the described substrate centre of sphere, and be positioned at the alternating polarity row of the magnet on the standard pitch circle
Cloth, and on two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described magnet is along pointing to or oppositely point to the described substrate centre of sphere
Direction aligned with each other, and mutually the magnetic axis direction of the magnet of alignment is identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Point to the centre of sphere of described substrate sphere and run through the rotating shaft of each sheet magnetically engaged wheel substrate spherical shell center and described spherical shell shape distance piece, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft,
Two intermeshing modes of multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel are, the intersection point that all spherical substrate have the axis of the identical centre of sphere and two rotating shafts is positioned at the centre of sphere, all is inserted with a magnetically engaged wheel in another multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two adjacent magnetically engaged wheels in one of them multilayer sphere magnetically engaged wheel.
5. magnetic transmission device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described magnet material therefor is selected from NdFeB, ferrite, magnet steel, superconductive permanent magnet, superconducting line around in electromagnet any one of electromagnet and ordinary lines.
6. as claim 4 or 5 described magnetic transmission devices, it is characterized in that, on the outer surface of two magnetically engaged wheels of described magnetic transmission device outermost, respectively place a concentrating flux plate.
7. one kind is used for the magnetic transmission device changed between straight line motion and circular movement, it is characterized in that, comprises:
The multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel, it comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A planar rondure substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned in the substrate
And concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and calibration
The alternating polarity of circle upper magnet is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described
Magnet is along aligned with each other perpendicular to the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually
Identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Run through the center of circle of substrate in the every magnetically engaged wheel and described distance piece and perpendicular to substrate and distance piece
Rotating shaft, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft; And
Magnetically engaged strip, it comprises:
The draw runner that can move along described magnetically engaged wheel tangent direction; And
With many magnetic disk strips that draw runner fuses, be embedded with to described magnetic disk strip equal intervals magnet, edge
The magnetic pole of the described magnet of draw runner moving direction is alternately arranged and along the described magnet that is parallel to rotor shaft direction
The magnetic axis direction of each magnet that is aligned to magnetic row and same magnetic row is identical, and magnet is along the draw runner side of moving
To spacing and the arc spacing between described multilayer planar magnetically engaged wheel upper magnet isometric.
8. an inner gearing type magnetic transmission device is characterized in that, comprises:
Magnetically engaged wheel in the multilayer planar, it comprises:
Multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel stacked together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A planar rondure substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned in the substrate
And concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and calibration
The alternating polarity of circle upper magnet is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described
Magnet is along aligned with each other perpendicular to the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually
Identical;
The distance piece of multi-disc between adjacent two stacked described magnetically engaged wheels; And
Run through the center of circle of substrate in the every magnetically engaged wheel and described distance piece and perpendicular to substrate and distance piece
Rotating shaft, affiliated substrate and distance piece all are fixed in the rotating shaft; And
The outer magnetically engaged wheel of multilayer planar, it comprises:
The tubular swivel mount;
With the multi-disc magnetically engaged wheel that described tubular swivel mount links together, every magnetically engaged wheel comprises:
A plane annular substrate, the substrate of all magnetically engaged wheels is all parallel to each other; And
Equally spaced be arranged in the even number magnet on the one division circle, this standard pitch circle is positioned in the substrate
And concentric with substrate, the magnetic axis of all magnets is all perpendicular to described base plane, and calibration
The alternating polarity of circle upper magnet is arranged, and on parallel two stacked adjacent magnetically engaged wheels, described
Magnet is along aligned with each other perpendicular to the direction of substrate, and the magnetic axis direction of the magnet that aligns mutually
Identical; And
Run through described tubular swivel mount axle center and perpendicular to the rotating shaft on annular substrates plane, described substrate with
Heart is fixed on the tubular swivel mount, and the tubular swivel mount then is fixed in the rotating shaft,
The outer intermeshing mode of magnetically engaged wheel of magnetically engaged wheel and multilayer planar is in the multilayer planar, their rotating shaft is parallel to each other, all be inserted with another a magnetically engaged wheel in the gap between two the adjacent magnetically engaged wheels of one of them, and in each described multilayer planar in the outer magnetically engaged wheel of magnetically engaged wheel and multilayer planar on the magnetically engaged wheel
All magnets have identical magnetic arc distance on the standard pitch circle under separately.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021121648A CN1172426C (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Multi-layer magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic gearing device |
| AU2003231557A AU2003231557A1 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2003-05-19 | Multiply compound type of magnetig gear and its transmission |
| PCT/CN2003/000362 WO2004005760A1 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2003-05-19 | Multiply compound type of magnetig gear and its transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021121648A CN1172426C (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Multi-layer magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic gearing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1385635A true CN1385635A (en) | 2002-12-18 |
| CN1172426C CN1172426C (en) | 2004-10-20 |
Family
ID=4741919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021121648A Expired - Fee Related CN1172426C (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Multi-layer magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic gearing device |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1172426C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2003231557A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004005760A1 (en) |
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| CN100574687C (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2009-12-30 | 德隆吉有限公司 | A kind of electric oven in particular for the cooking or heated food |
| CN101495778B (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2012-02-29 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Magnetic power transmission device |
| CN101083447B (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2012-07-25 | 田景华 | Generalized force application magnet and conductor rail magnetic suspension vehicle or train using the same |
| CN102720822A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-10 | 上海电力学院 | Planetary magnetic meshing flexible speed-regulating transmission device |
| CN102720823A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-10 | 上海电力学院 | Speed-adjustable planetary magnetic meshing flexible transmission device |
| CN102720824A (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2012-10-10 | 上海电力学院 | Planet magnetic meshing flexible transmission mechanism |
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| EP2874293A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-20 | Universidad Carlos III de Madrid | Contactless magnetic gear |
| EP3587793A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-01 | Grundfos Holding A/S | Magnetic rack-and-pinion coupling system and sea wave energy conversion system |
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| FR2546253B1 (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1988-09-16 | Aaton Sa | MAGNETIC COUPLING DEVICE BETWEEN TWO ROTATING AND DRIVING SHAFTS |
| JPS63287358A (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1988-11-24 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Power transmission system |
| JPH03230750A (en) * | 1990-02-02 | 1991-10-14 | Katsuo Tsurumoto | Magnetic bevel gear device |
| JPH05199735A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-08-06 | Fuji Oozx Kk | Eddy current joint |
| US5477093A (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1995-12-19 | Magna Force, Inc. | Permanent magnet coupling and transmission |
| JPH0996346A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-08 | Nippon Thompson Co Ltd | Friction drive type driving device |
| JPH09292005A (en) * | 1996-01-23 | 1997-11-11 | Hiroyasu Tanigawa | Method and device for transmitting magnetic power containing total moving vane turbine |
| JP2000050615A (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2000-02-18 | Sanei Kasei Kk | Rotary motion transmitting device |
-
2002
- 2002-06-21 CN CNB021121648A patent/CN1172426C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-19 AU AU2003231557A patent/AU2003231557A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-05-19 WO PCT/CN2003/000362 patent/WO2004005760A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004005760A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
| CN1172426C (en) | 2004-10-20 |
| AU2003231557A1 (en) | 2004-01-23 |
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Assignee: ACCEL Auto-Transmission Systems Co., Ltd. Assignor: Wei Lehan Contract fulfillment period: 2008.9.10 to 2022.6.20 Contract record no.: 2009990000976 Denomination of invention: Multi-layer magnetic engaged wheel and magnetic gearing device Granted publication date: 20041020 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20090831 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2008.9.10 TO 2022.6.20; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: GUANGDONG YAXIN CAR TRANSMISSION CO., LTD. Effective date: 20090831 |
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Assignee: ACCEL Auto-Transmission Systems Co., Ltd. Assignor: Wei Lehan Contract record no.: 2009990000976 Date of cancellation: 20110316 |
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