CN1382775A - Process for preparing light fuel oil and basic oil of lubricant at same time - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for preparing both light fuel oil and basic oil of lubricating oil includes contacting hydrocarbon oil with hydrorefining catalyst under hydrorefining condition and existance of hydrogen and contacting the resultant produce with hydrocracking catalyst under hydrocracking condition and existance of hydrogen in the first reaction region, contacting hydrocarbon oil with hydrocatalyst under hydrogenating condition and existance of hydrogen, mixing the products of both reaction regions, and separating out light fuel oil and high-viscosity basic oil of lubricating oil.

Description

Produce the method for light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base simultaneously

The invention relates to the method for only handling hydrocarbon ils with two or more hydroprocessing technique processes, specifically, be about with method in parallel, handle hydrocarbon ils, the method for producing light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base simultaneously with two or more hydroprocessing technique processes.

Hydrocracking process is the important processing technology that contemporary refining of petroleum industry generally adopts.Adopt two placed in-line reactors so that to produce light-weight fuel oil is that the hydroeracking unit of purpose is general, wherein hydrofining reactor is preceding, hydrocracking reactor after.Stock oil is with after hydrogen mixes, refining through hydrofining reactor, enter the hydrocracking reactor cracking again, obtain variant production through fractionating system after the material of process hydrocracking and the Hydrogen Separation, partly or entirely tail oil (being unconverted oil) return mechanism mixes the back cyclic process with raw material.The catalyzer that the hydrofining reaction section adopts is the refined type catalyzer that has than strong hydrogenation denitrogenation ability, and its major function is the nitrogen compound that decomposes in the raw material.The catalyzer that the hydrocracking reaction section adopts is the dual-function catalyst with strong cracking function and hydrogenating function, this catalyzer generally contains zeolite or amorphous aluminum silicate to strengthen lytic activity, and the hydrogenation activity component is the group vib metal component and the VIII family metal component of sulphided state or oxidation state.

Lube Oil Hydrotreating is the important processing technology that lubricating oil processing enterprise adopts.Usually adopt the processing condition close, as operating parameterss such as temperature, pressure, hydrogen-oil ratios with hydrocracking process.Lube Oil Hydrotreating can adopt two placed in-line reactors, also can only adopt a reactor.If adopt two reactors, generally be hydrotreating reactor preceding, hydrofining reactor after.No matter adopt one or two reactor, its catalyzer can be a kind of, two or more, catalyzer should have and decomposes heterogeneous ring compound, saturated, the appropriate cracking of hydrogenation and certain isomerization function.Lube oil hydrogenation is handled catalyzer can contain zeolite or amorphous aluminum silicate to strengthen lytic activity, also can not contain zeolite or amorphous aluminum silicate; The hydrogenation activity component also is the group vib metal component and the VIII family metal component of sulphided state or oxidation state.

Lube Oil Hydrotreating and above-mentioned hydrocracking process all have bigger difference at aspects such as reaction process, purpose products.

The reaction process of hydrocracking process is based on cracking, and the purpose product is a light-weight fuel oil, as gasoline, rocket engine fuel and solar oil.The reaction process of Lube Oil Hydrotreating with decompose heterogeneous ring compound, hydrogenation is saturated and isomery turns to the master, also comprises the scission reaction of appropriateness.The purpose product of Lube Oil Hydrotreating is to have good property of viscosity versus temperature, promptly has viscosity higher exponential lubricant base.Because the produce market requirement, the viscosity of generally wishing lube product compare with raw material descend less.Therefore, different with hydrocracking process, the major product of Lube Oil Hydrotreating generally is the heaviest part of fractionation after cut.

Utilize the existing higher lubricant base of hydroeracking unit production added value once to carry out commerical test.Nineteen ninety, Maoming petro-chemical corporation through solvent dewaxing and clay-filtered, produced lubricant base (" lubricating oil ", 2,7-12,1990) with the part unconverted oil.This method is because raw material is a unconverted oil process drastic cracking, and cut is lighter, does and has only 464 ℃, and dewaxing back kinematic viscosity (40 ℃) is 16.52mm ²/ s is equivalent to lightweight neutral oil No. 75, and range of application is less, can't modulate the lube product that vaporization losses is had strict demand.

US4,764,266 disclose a kind of than under the low hydrogen consumption, the petroleum hydrocarbon raw material of at least 315 ℃ of initial boiling points is carried out upgrading, produce naphtha product, boiling point is higher than the cut of petroleum naphtha and the method for hydrotreating of lube product, this method comprises that (1) is lower than 10000 kPas in the hydrogen dividing potential drop and becomes under the hydrocracking condition of low-boiling products with the feedstock conversion that makes 50 body % at least, with a kind of arenes selectivity hydrocracking catalyst described raw material is carried out hydrocracking with acid function and hydrogenation dehydrogenation functionality, obtain a kind of petroleum naphtha, the tower bottom distillate of a kind of distillate product and a kind of enrichment alkane component, (2) with described naphtha product, distillate product and tower bottom distillate product separation, (3) with a kind of hydrogenation catalyst that contains Beta zeolite acidity component and hydrogenation dehydrogenation component, isolated tower bottom distillate is carried out hydrogenation, obtain the isoparaffin product; And the product that (4) (3) is obtained separates, and obtains the cut that a kind of lubricating oil distillate and a kind of boiling point are lower than lubricating oil distillate.When adopting the higher lubricating oil of this method production viscosity, in order to guarantee oil body, hydrocracking must be carried out under the mitigation condition, (cetane value is on the low side can to cause the light-weight fuel oil downgrade like this, aromaticity content is higher, sulphur/nitrogen content is higher), lubricating oil colourity is also higher, must be further refining.This method has comprised fraction separation process, flow process complexity 2 times in addition.

CN1,138,083A discloses a kind of method of producing fuel and high viscosity index (HVI) heavy grease, this method comprises that (1) stock oil makes its temperature be increased to 250～400 ℃ through heat exchange, enter after mixing with hydrogen and to carry out hydrofining in the reactor that is filled with catalyzer, obtain hydrofining and generate oily with lytic activity through heating; (2) the living olefiant part of hydrofining that (1) step is obtained enters carries out hydrocracking in the reactor that is filled with the stronger catalyzer of cracking activity, obtain isocrackate; (3) enter separation system after (1) hydrofining of obtaining of step being given birth to the hydrocracking mixing of materials that olefiant remainder and (2) step obtain, fractionate out unconverted oil at the bottom of various light Fuels, lubricating oil and the tower.Adopt this method flexibility of operation to be subjected to bigger restriction.This be because, on the one hand, produce the lube base oil require and heavier send into separation system through hydrorefined stock oil with more, and the overcracking of hydrocracking is produced major part the raw material cracking of lubricant base, on the other hand, hydrocracking catalyst has strict requirement to the sulphur nitrogen content of charging, nitrogen content must very low (nitrogen generally be lower than 10 μ g/g), otherwise, hydrocracking catalyst is with very fast poisoning and deactivation, this has just determined that hydrocracking raw material can not use too heavy stock oil, otherwise the life-span of hydrocracking catalyst is difficult to guarantee.Therefore, adopt this method,, also be difficult to produce range of viscosities and differ bigger lube product with the very difficult ratio of adjusting weight raw material in the stock oil of same set of device.

As mentioned above, in the prior art, on the one hand, for obtaining the more high quality light Fuel, be that the hydrocracking technology of purpose requires to adopt harsher cracking conditions to produce light-weight fuel oil, and the tail oil of this method by-product is difficult to be utilized preferably.On the other hand, for the higher lubricating oil of production viscosity index, guarantee oil body, to produce lubricating oil is that the hydrotreatment technology of purpose requires again to carry out under than the demulcent condition, can cause the light-weight fuel oil downgrade of this technology by-product so again, lubricating oil colourity is also higher, must be further refining.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, a kind of method of producing light-weight fuel oil and thick oil base oil simultaneously is provided.This method can be utilized as preferably and produce oil fuel is the tail oil of purpose by-product, and simultaneously, the quality of the light-weight fuel oil that obtains can be guaranteed.

Method provided by the invention comprises two reaction zones, wherein, in first reaction zone, in the presence of hydrofining reaction condition and hydrogen, a kind of hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of Hydrobon catalyst, then, in the presence of hydrocracking reaction condition and hydrogen, the product that hydrofining is obtained contacts with a kind of hydrocracking catalyst; In second reaction zone, under hydrotreatment reaction conditions and hydrogen existence condition, a kind of hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of hydrotreating catalyst; The product that first and second reaction zones are obtained mixes, and isolates light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base.

One, first reaction zone, i.e. hydrocracking reaction district

According to method provided by the invention, described first reaction zone is the hydrocracking reaction district.This reaction zone comprises 2 conversion zones, and first conversion zone is the hydrofining reaction section, and second conversion zone is the hydrocracking reaction section.

In described hydrofining reaction section, under the hydrofining reaction condition and in the presence of the hydrogen, described hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of Hydrobon catalyst, to remove nitrogen and the sulphur in the hydrocarbon ils, obtain hydrocracking reaction section desired raw material.

Described hydrorefined reaction conditions is conventional hydrofining reaction condition.For example, the condition of described hydrofining reaction comprises that temperature of reaction is 340-410 ℃, is preferably 360-380 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, is preferably the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.2-1.5 hour ^-1, be preferably 0.3-1.2 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000, is preferably 500-1200.

Described Hydrobon catalyst can be any existing Hydrobon catalyst, as contains the Hydrobon catalyst of aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

Preferred Hydrobon catalyst is to contain aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier, group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component and be selected from one or more the Hydrobon catalyst of auxiliary agent in fluorine, phosphorus, the magnesium.

In above-mentioned Hydrobon catalyst, the content of hydrogenation metal component and auxiliary agent is conventionally known to one of skill in the art.In general, in oxide compound, in the described Hydrobon catalyst, the content of group vib metal component is that the content of the heavy % of 12-35, group VIII metal component is the heavy % of 1-5.If contain auxiliary agent, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 1-9, is preferably the heavy % of 2-4; In oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-5, is preferably the heavy % of 1-2, and Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-4, is preferably the heavy % of 0.1-2.

In described Hydrobon catalyst, described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from one or more in chromium, molybdenum and the tungsten, is preferably molybdenum and/or tungsten, and described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.Described hydrogenation metal component exists with oxidation state or sulphided state.

One of more preferred Hydrobon catalyst is the disclosed Hydrobon catalyst of CN85104438A, and this catalyzer is preferably the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 1.5-3.5 by the heavy % of 1-5; The heavy % of 12-35 is preferably the Tungsten oxide 99.999 that 18-30 weighs %; The fluorine that 1-9 is heavy and a kind of alumina supporter are formed, the described aluminum oxide gama-alumina that to be the purity that obtains of aluminum alkyls or aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis be prepared into through 500-700 ℃ of roasting greater than the diaspore of 65 heavy %.

Two of more preferred Hydrobon catalyst is the disclosed catalyzer of CN1169336A, this catalyzer is by the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 1-5, the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the heavy % of 12-35, the fluorine of the heavy % of 1-9 and the alumina supporter of surplus are formed, described aluminum oxide be by one or more little porous aluminum oxides and one or more macroporous aluminium oxides according to 75: 25-50: the aluminum oxide that 50 weight ratio is composited, wherein, to be bore dia account for the aluminum oxide of total pore volume more than 95% less than the pore volume in 80 dust holes to little porous aluminum oxide, and macroporous aluminium oxide is that the pore volume in bore dia 60-600 dust hole accounts for the aluminum oxide of total pore volume more than 70%.

In described hydrocracking reaction section, contact with a kind of hydrocracking catalyst in the presence of hydrogen through the hydrocarbon ils after the hydrofining, make the macromolecule hydrocarbon generation hydrocracking reaction in the hydrocarbon ils, obtain isocrackate based on oil fuel.

The reaction conditions of described hydrocracking is conventional hydrocracking reaction condition.For example, the condition of described hydrocracking reaction comprises that temperature of reaction is 340-400 ℃, is preferably 350-380 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, is preferably the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.2-1.5 hour ^-1, be preferably 0.5-1.5 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000, is preferably 500-1000.

Described hydrocracking catalyst can use any existing hydrocracking catalyst, for example, the hydrocracking catalyst of Shi Heing is the hydrocracking catalyst that contains mesopore and/or large pore zeolite, aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina, group vib hydrogenation metal component and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

Preferred hydrocracking catalyst is the hydrocracking catalyst that contains mesopore and/or large pore zeolite, aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina, group vib hydrogenation metal component, group VIII hydrogenation metal component and auxiliary agent fluorine.

In the above-mentioned hydrocracking catalyst, the content of described mesopore and/or large pore zeolite, aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina, group vib hydrogenation metal component and group VIII hydrogenation metal component and auxiliary agent fluorine is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, in general, in the described hydrocracking catalyst, with the vehicle weight is benchmark, and the content that the content of mesopore and/or large pore zeolite is preferably 10-30 heavy %, aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina is preferably the heavy % of 70-90.With the catalyst weight is benchmark, and group vib hydrogenation metal components contents is that the heavy % of 10-32, group VIII hydrogenation metal components contents are preferably the heavy % of 2-6.If contain auxiliary agent, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 0.5-10.

In described hydrocracking catalyst, described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from one or more in chromium, molybdenum and the tungsten, is preferably molybdenum and/or tungsten, and described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.Described hydrogenation metal component exists with oxidation state or sulphided state.

Described mesopore and/or large pore zeolite are conventionally known to one of skill in the art, in general, described mesopore and/or large pore zeolite are selected from one or more in faujusite, mordenite, ZSM series zeolite, the Beta zeolite, preferred zeolite is one or more in y-type zeolite, Beta zeolite, ZSM-5 zeolite, the mordenite, and preferred zeolite is a y-type zeolite.

More preferred hydrocracking catalyst is the disclosed catalyzer of CN1056514A, this catalyzer is made up of with carrier, fluorine auxiliary agent, nickel and tungsten hydrogenation activity component that high-temperature roasting after zeolite through cationic exchange mixes obtains greater than the boehmite of 65 heavy % the purity of aluminum alkyls or aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis method preparation, with the total catalyst weight is benchmark, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 0.5-5, is preferably the heavy % of 1-4; Nickel oxide content is the heavy % of 2.5-6, is preferably the heavy % of 2.6-5; Tungsten oxide content is the heavy % of 10-32, is preferably the heavy % of 20-28, and it is the y-type zeolite of 4.5-5.5 that described zeolite is selected from mordenite or the silica alumina ratio that silica alumina ratio is 9.5-10.5.

The hydrocarbon ils of described first reaction zone (being the hydrocracking reaction district) is conventional hydrocracking raw material oil, and for example, the hydrocarbon ils of described first reaction zone can be selected from atmospheric distillate, light vacuum distillate and secondary processing oil.Described atmospheric distillate comprises the normal pressure wax oil of the normal pressure wax oil of normal two wires distillate, atmosphere 3rd side cut distillate, intermediate base crude oil, the normal pressure wax oil of paraffinic crude, middle paraffinic crude or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them.Described light vacuum distillate comprises the second line of distillation distillate, subtracts three-way distillate, decompressed wax oil or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them.Described secondary processing oil comprises wax tailings.

Two, second reaction zone, i.e. hydrotreatment reaction zone

According to method provided by the invention, described second reaction zone is the hydrotreatment reaction zone.It is the hydrotreatment conversion zone that this reaction zone can include only a conversion zone, also can comprise two conversion zones, i.e. the first conversion zone hydrotreatment conversion zone and the second conversion zone hydrofinishing conversion zone.

In the hydrotreatment conversion zone, in the presence of hydrotreatment reaction conditions and hydrogen, a kind of hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of hydrotreating catalyst, obtain product based on lubricant base, this product can directly enter follow-up separation system, mixes with isocrackate.

The reaction conditions of described hydrotreatment is conventional hydrotreatment reaction conditions.For example, the condition of described hydrotreatment reaction comprises that temperature of reaction is 350-400 ℃, is preferably 360-390 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, is preferably the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.2-1 hour ^-1, be preferably 0.3-0.8 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000, is preferably 500-1500.

Described hydrotreating catalyst is conventional hydrotreating catalyst, as contains the hydrotreating catalyst of aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

Preferred hydrotreating catalyst is to contain aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier, group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component and be selected from one or more the hydrotreating catalyst of auxiliary agent in fluorine, phosphorus, the magnesium.

In above-mentioned hydrotreating catalyst, the content of carrier, hydrogenation metal and auxiliary agent is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, in general, in oxide compound, in described hydrotreating catalyst, the content that the content of group vib metal component is preferably the heavy % of 12-35, group VIII metal component is preferably the heavy % of 1-5.In element, the content of auxiliary agent fluorine is the heavy % of 1-9, is preferably the heavy % of 2-4; In oxide compound, the content of auxiliary agent phosphorus is the heavy % of 1-5, is preferably the heavy % of 1-2, and the content of auxiliary agent magnesium is the heavy % of 0.1-4, is preferably the heavy % of 0.1-2.

In described hydrotreating catalyst, described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from one or more in chromium, molybdenum and the tungsten, is preferably molybdenum and/or tungsten, and described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.Described hydrogenation metal component exists with oxidation state or sulphided state.

Preferred hydrotreating catalyst is the disclosed Hydrobon catalyst of CN85104438A, this catalyzer is by the heavy % of 1-5, be preferably the heavy % of nickel oxide, 12-35 of the heavy % of 1.5-3.5, be preferably the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the heavy % of 18-30, fluorine and a kind of alumina supporter of the heavy % of 1-9 are formed, the described aluminum oxide gama-alumina that to be the purity that obtains of aluminum alkyls or aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis be prepared into through 500-700 ℃ of roasting greater than the diaspore of 65 heavy %.

The product that hydrotreatment obtains can also enter the hydrofinishing conversion zone, carries out further hydrofinishing.

In described hydrofinishing conversion zone,, the product of hydrotreatment is contacted with a kind of Hydrobon catalyst under the hydrofinishing reaction conditions and under the condition that exists of hydrogen.The purpose of hydrofinishing here is not have alkene that the condensed-nuclei aromatics of complete hydrogenation and hydrotreatment section generate and part sulphur, nitrogen to carry out hydrogenation to the part that contains in the hydrotreatment products.

The reaction conditions of described hydrofinishing is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, in general, described hydrofinishing reaction conditions comprise that temperature of reaction is 220-320 ℃, be preferably 240-300 ℃, reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, be preferably the 10-20 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity is 0.5-1.5 hour ^-1, be preferably 0.7-1.2 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000, is preferably 400-1200.

Described Hydrobon catalyst can be identical with hydrotreating catalyst, also can be different, be conventional hydrotreating catalyst, as contain the carrier of aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina and the hydrotreating catalyst of group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

Preferred Hydrobon catalyst is to contain aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier, group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component and be selected from one or more the Hydrobon catalyst of auxiliary agent in fluorine, phosphorus, the magnesium.

In above-mentioned Hydrobon catalyst, the content of carrier, hydrogenation metal and auxiliary agent is that this area metal personnel are known, in general, in oxide compound, in described Hydrobon catalyst, the content of group vib metal component is that the content of the heavy % of 12-35, group VIII metal component is the heavy % of 1-8.In element, the content of auxiliary agent fluorine is the heavy % of 1-9, is preferably the heavy % of 2-4; In oxide compound, the content of auxiliary agent phosphorus is the heavy % of 1-5, is preferably the heavy % of 1-2, and the content of auxiliary agent magnesium is the heavy % of 0.1-4, is preferably the heavy % of 0.1-2.

In described Hydrobon catalyst, described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from one or more in chromium, molybdenum and the tungsten, is preferably molybdenum and/or tungsten, and described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.Described hydrogenation metal component exists with oxidation state or sulphided state.

More preferred Hydrobon catalyst is the disclosed Hydrobon catalyst of CN 1085934A, and this catalyzer is made up of the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 2.5-6, the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the heavy % of 24-34, the magnesium oxide of the heavy % of 0.1-1.9 and the aluminum oxide of surplus.

The hydrocarbon ils of described second reaction zone (being the hydrotreatment reaction zone) is selected from atmospheric distillate, light, heavy vacuum distillate, deasphalted oil and secondary processing oil.Described atmospheric distillate comprises the normal pressure wax oil of the normal pressure wax oil of normal two wires distillate, atmosphere 3rd side cut distillate, intermediate base crude oil, the normal pressure wax oil of paraffinic crude, middle paraffinic crude or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them.Described light, heavy vacuum distillate comprises but the second line of distillation distillate, subtract three-way distillate, subtract four line distillates, decompressed wax oil or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them.Described secondary processing oil comprises wax tailings.

According to method provided by the invention, the product that first reaction zone and second reaction zone are obtained mixes, and isolates light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base.Isolating method adopts this area method in common, as fractionated method.

According to method provided by the invention; if contain the impurity of high level in the hydrocarbon oil crude material of described first reaction zone and/or second reaction zone; as impurity such as carbon residue, metallic iron, vanadium; before described first reaction zone or second reaction zone, perhaps before first reaction zone and second reaction zone, comprise a hydrogenation protecting section respectively.In the hydrogenation protecting section, in the presence of hydrogenation protecting reaction conditions and hydrogen, described hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of hydrogenation protecting catalyst, to remove impurity wherein.

Described hydrogenation protecting reaction conditions is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, and in general, the reaction conditions of described hydrogenation protecting comprises that temperature of reaction is 320-400 ℃; be preferably 340-395 ℃; reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, is preferably the 10-22 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 5-25 hour ^-1, be preferably 8-18 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000, is preferably 5000-1500.

Described hydrogenation protecting catalyst can be existing various hydrogenation protecting catalysts, as contains the hydrogenation protecting catalyst of aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

In above-mentioned hydrogenation protecting catalyst, in general, in oxide compound, in described hydrogenation protecting catalyst, the content that the content of group vib metal component is preferably the heavy % of 1-10, group VIII metal component is preferably the heavy % of 0.5-3.

In described hydrogenation protecting catalyst, described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from one or more in chromium, molybdenum and the tungsten, is preferably molybdenum and/or tungsten, and described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.Described hydrogenation metal component exists with oxidation state or sulphided state.

Preferred hydrogenation protecting catalyst is the hydrogenation protecting catalyst that contains the disclosed alumina supporter of CN1103009A, molybdenum and/or tungsten and nickel and/or cobalt, with the total catalyst weight is benchmark, in oxide compound, the content of molybdenum and/or tungsten is the heavy % of 1-10 in the catalyzer, is preferably the heavy % of 4-9; The content of nickel and/or cobalt is the heavy % of 0.5-3, be preferably the heavy % of 0.5-2.5, described alumina supporter is a kind of double-hole structure aluminum oxide, wherein, bore dia be the pore volume in 100-200 dust hole account for total pore volume percentage ratio greater than 50%, bore dia is 5-30% greater than the percentage ratio that the pore volume in 1000 dust holes accounts for total pore volume.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. on the one hand, for obtaining the more high quality light Fuel, be that the hydrocracking technology of purpose requires to adopt harsher cracking conditions to produce light-weight fuel oil, and the tail oil of this method by-product is difficult to be utilized preferably as previously mentioned.On the other hand, for the higher lubricating oil of production viscosity, guaranteeing oil body, is that the hydrotreatment technology of purpose requires again to carry out under than the demulcent condition to produce lubricating oil, can cause the light-weight fuel oil downgrade of this technology by-product so again.Method provided by the invention combines the two, isolate light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base again after the product mixing with the two, the lubricant base oil fraction of hydrocracking by-product is fully used, and, the light-weight fuel oil inferior of a small amount of hydrotreatment by-product is mixed with the high-quality light-weight fuel oil of a large amount of hydrocracking main products, and the character of the light Fuel oil production that obtains can not reduce.

2. in method provided by the invention, first reaction zone (hydrocracking zone) and second reaction zone (hydrotreatment district) independent operating, can be according to different requirements to the purpose product, adjust the reaction raw materials and the reaction conditions in hydrocracking zone and hydrotreatment district flexibly, can produce the light-weight fuel oil of better character and the lubricant base that viscosity differs greatly.For example, if during the bigger lubricant base of desire production viscosity, the hydrotreatment district just adopts heavier stock oil, and according to circumstances adjusts reaction conditions.And if during the less lubricant base of desire production viscosity, the hydrotreatment district just adopts lighter stock oil, and according to circumstances adjusts reaction conditions.Correspondingly, also can select the reaction raw materials and the character of different hydrocracking zones according to different requirements to light-weight fuel oil.And the product that 2 reaction zones obtain can all be fully utilized.

3. the present invention compares with hydrotreater with the discrete hydrocracking of identical scale, because can the common recycle hydrogen system, separation system, therefore, method investment provided by the invention obviously reduces.

Following example will the present invention will be further described.

Example 1

This example illustrates method provided by the invention.

1. first reaction zone

(1) reactor

The hydrofining reactor of first reaction zone is 250 milliliters a reactor, and hydrocracking reactor is 250 milliliters of reactors, and 100 milliliters hydrogenation protecting reactor also is housed before hydrofining reactor.

(2) reaction raw materials

Reaction raw materials is second line of distillation distillate as shown in table 1, subtract the mixing oil that three-way distillate and wax tailings mix by 30.0: 25.8: 12.2 weight ratio, and mixed mixing oil character is as shown in table 2.

Table 1

The stock oil title	The second line of distillation distillate	Subtract three-way distillate	Wax tailings	Subtract four line distillates
					Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃), mm 2/s	????5.042	????10.26	????4.202	????16.04
Density (20 ℃), g/cm 3	????08663	????0.8830	????0.8993	????0.8878
					Colourity, number	????-	????-	????-	????＞8.0
Pour point, ℃	????31	????38	????46	????42
					Acid number, mgKOH/g	????0.29	????0.27	????0.33	????0.20
Carbon residue, heavy %	????＜0.02	????0.03	????0.11	????0.27
					Sulphur content, μ g/g	????697	????966	????1600	????742
Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????704	????1197	????3934	????2250
					Boiling range (D1160), ℃
Initial boiling point 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 95%	????287 ????387 ????403 ????417 ????428 ????457 ????477	????294 ????442 ????454 ????473 ????486 ????518 ????526	????234 ????352 ????380 ????402 ????423 ????459 ????485	????267 ????467 ????504 ????516 ????527 ????564 ????575

Table 2

Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????08783
		Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃), mm 2/s	????6.214
Kinematic viscosity (40 ℃), mm 2/s	????27.37
		Condensation point, ℃	????31
Acid number, mgKOH/g	????0.34
		Refractive index (20 ℃)	????1.4888
Aniline point, ℃	????101.0
		The bromine valency, gBr/100g	????2.8
Carbon residue, heavy %	????0.31
		Elementary composition carbon, heavy % hydrogen, heavy % sulphur, μ g/g nitrogen, μ g/g	????86.45 ????13.27 ????964 ????1813
Group composition, heavy % stable hydrocarbon aromatic hydrocarbons colloid	????83.3 ????13.6 ????3.1
		Boiling range (D1160), ℃ initial boiling point 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 95%	????257 ????373 ????389 ????417 ????459 ????492 ????504
The BMCI value	????29.58
		Characterization factor	????12.30

(3) catalyzer

Hydrobon catalyst C1 is 1.2 millimeters of circumscribed circle diameters, and length is the trilobal cross strip catalyst of 2-3 millimeter, and the catalyzer loading amount is 300 milliliters.This catalyzer is the catalyzer that adopts the 6 described methods preparations of CN1169336A example, the consisting of of catalyzer: the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the nickel oxide of 2.3 heavy %, 22.0 heavy %, the fluorine of 4.0 heavy % and the alumina supporter of surplus.

Hydrocracking catalyst C2 is 1.2 millimeters of circumscribed circle diameters, and length is the trilobal cross strip catalyst of 2-3 millimeter, and the catalyzer loading amount is 150 milliliters.This catalyzer is the catalyzer that adopts the 13 described methods preparations of CN 105656514A example, the consisting of of catalyzer: the fluorine of the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the nickel oxide of 3.0 heavy %, 25.7 heavy %, 4.7 heavy % and surplus contain Zeolite support.

Hydrogenation protecting catalyst C3 is 1.6 millimeters of circumscribed circle diameters, and length is the trilobal cross strip catalyst of 3-5 millimeter, and the catalyzer loading amount is 30 milliliters.This catalyzer is the catalyzer that adopts the 1 described method preparation of CN113009A example, the consisting of of catalyzer: the nickel oxide of 1.3 heavy %, the molybdenum oxide of 5.5 heavy % and the alumina supporter of surplus.

(4) reaction conditions

The reaction conditions of hydrogenation protecting section is 375 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 15 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity 10 hours ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 750.

The reaction conditions of hydrofining section is 375 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 15 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity 1.0 hours ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 750.

The reaction conditions of hydrocracking section is 365 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 15 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity 1.44 hours ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 750.

2. second reaction zone

(1) reactor

The hydrotreating reactor of second reaction zone is 300 milliliters a reactor, and the hydrofinishing reactor is 300 milliliters of reactors, and 100 milliliters hydrogenation protecting reactor also is housed before hydrotreating reactor.

(2) reaction raw materials

Reaction raw materials is the four line distillates that subtract as shown in table 1.

(3) catalyzer

Hydrotreating catalyst C4 is 1.2 millimeters of circumscribed circle diameters, and length is the trilobal cross strip catalyst of 2-3 millimeter, and the catalyzer loading amount is 300 milliliters.This catalyzer is the catalyzer that adopts the 8 described methods preparations of CN85104438A example, the consisting of of catalyzer: the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the nickel oxide of 2.9 heavy %, 27.9 heavy %, the fluorine of 4.8 heavy % and the alumina supporter of surplus.

Hydrofinishing catalyzer C5 is 1.2 millimeters of circumscribed circle diameters, and length is the trilobal cross strip catalyst of 2-3 millimeter, and the catalyzer loading amount is 150 milliliters.This catalyzer is the catalyzer that adopts the 12 described methods preparations of CN 1085934A example, the consisting of of catalyzer: the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the nickel oxide of 3.1 heavy %, 30.0 heavy %, the magnesium oxide of 1.10 heavy % and the alumina supporter of surplus.

Hydrogenation protecting catalyst is with the first reaction zone hydrogenation protecting catalyst, and the catalyzer loading amount is 30 milliliters.

(4) reaction conditions

The reaction conditions of hydrogenation protecting section is 385 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 15 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity 5 hours ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000.

The reaction conditions of hydrotreatment section is 385 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 15 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity 0.5 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000.

The reaction conditions of hydrofinishing section is 300 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction pressure 15 MPas, liquid hourly space velocity 1.0 hours ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000.

2 reaction zone reaction product flow out incessantly and mix, and table 3 has provided reaction feed and mixture of reaction products distributes.

Table 3

Reaction feed		Mixture of reaction products
				Component	Content, heavy %	Component	Content, heavy %
The second line of distillation distillate	????29.6	Gas	????1.48
				Subtract three-way distillate	????25.4	Light naphthar	????2.24
Wax tailings	????12.0	Petroleum naphtha	????15.53
				Subtract four line distillates	????31.5	Rocket engine fuel	????19.10
Hydrogen	????1.5	Solar oil	????14.87
						Ethylene raw	????12.32
		Light lubricant	????10.33
						Lubricating oil	????24.13
Add up to	????100.00	Add up to	????100.00

Adopt fractionated method to isolate wherein rocket engine fuel, rocket engine fuel character is as shown in table 4, has also listed No. 3 rocket engine fuel standards of country in the table 4.

Table 4

Project	The rocket engine fuel that adopts the inventive method to obtain	No. 3 rocket engine fuel standards
			Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????0.7900	Actual measurement
Flash-point (remaining silent), ℃	????49	????≥38
			Viscosity (20 ℃), mm2/s	????1.659	????≥1.25
Sulphur content, heavy %	????＜0.0005	????≤0.20
			Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????0.5	Actual measurement
Copper strip test, level	????1A	????≤1
			Freezing point, ℃	????＜-50	????≤-47
Aromaticity content, body %	????＜1	????≤20
			Acidity, mgKOH/100g	????0.3	????≤1
Smoke point, mm	????32	????≥25
			Existent gum, mg/100ml	????＜1	????＜5
Boiling range (D86), ℃ 10% 50%	????167 ????188	????≤204 ????≤232

Adopt fractionated method to isolate wherein solar oil, the character of solar oil is as shown in table 5, has also listed-No. 10 solar oil top grade product standards of country in the table 4.

Table 5

Project	The solar oil that adopts the inventive method to obtain	-No. 10 solar oil premium grads standards
			Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????0.8177	Actual measurement
Color, number	????＜0.5	????≤3.5
			Sulphur content, μ g/g	????0.6	????≤5000
Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????0.7
			Acidity, mgKOH/100ml	????0.4	????≤5
10% steams the excess carbon residue, heavy %	????0	????≤0.3
			Copper strip test, level	1 grade	≤ 1 grade
Condensation point, ℃	????-18	????≤-10
			Flash-point (remaining silent), ℃	????116	????≥65
Cetane value	????68	????≥45
			Boiling range (D86), ℃ 50% 90% 95%	????283 ????325 ????345	????≤300 ????≤355 ????≤365

Adopt fractionated method to isolate wherein light lubricant, respectively light lubricant is dewaxed and make with extra care, obtain the light lubricant base oil, light lubricant basis oil properties is as shown in table 6.

Wherein Tuo La method is as follows:

The solvent that will contain methyl iso-butyl ketone (MIBK) 60 heavy % and toluene 40 heavy % mixes with light lubricant, and wherein, described solvent accounts for 80 heavy % of amount of the mixture, and light lubricant accounts for 20 heavy % of amount of the mixture.Heated mixt dissolves light lubricant fully, and cooling mixture filters under this temperature to-20 ℃ then, washs isolated solid product (wax) with 10 times to the solid cold solvent, isolates solvent with the distillatory method from pressed oil at last.

The purified method is as follows:

Atlapulgite (Fushun chemical industry ten factories product) is mixed with light lubricant after the dewaxing, and atlapulgite accounts for 3 weight % of amount of the mixture, heated mixt to 100 ℃ under agitation, and constant temperature 30 minutes, cooled and filtered obtains the light lubricant base oil.

Adopt fractionated method to isolate wherein lubricating oil, respectively lubricating oil is dewaxed and make with extra care, obtain lubricant base, the lube base oil nature is as shown in table 6.

Wherein Tuo La method is identical with aforementioned light lubricant process for dewaxing, and that different is the 70 heavy % that described solvent accounts for amount of the mixture, and lubricating oil accounts for 30 heavy % of amount of the mixture.Cooling temperature is to-19 ℃.

The purified method is identical with aforementioned light lubricant process for purification, and different is, atlapulgite accounts for 5 heavy % of described amount of the mixture, heated mixt to 200 ℃, constant temperature 30 minutes.

Table 6

Project	The light lubricant base oil	HVIS200 base oil standard	Lubricant base	HVIS500 base oil standard
					Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃), mm 2/s	????5.97	Report	????11.93	Report
Kinematic viscosity (40 ℃), mm 2/s	????38.64	????38-42	????106.14	????95-107
					Viscosity index	????106	????≥98	????98	????≥95
Colourity, number	????0.5	????≤1.5	????1.0	????≤2.5
					Flash-point (opening), ℃	????230	????≥210	????268	????≥235
Pour point, ℃	????-12	????≤-9	????-9	????≤-9
					Neutralization value, mgKOH/g	????0.005	????≤0.02	????0.002	????≤0.03
Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????0.8541	Report	????0.8636	Report
					Aniline point, ℃	????112.3	Report	????124.2	Report
Sulphur content, μ g/g	????＜10	Report	????＜10	Report
					Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????＜10	Report	????＜10	Report
Rotary oxygen bomb, min (adding 0.8 heavy %T501*)	????275	????≥200	????342	????≥200

* T501 is the lubricating oil antioxidant addn of using always (its chemical name is 2,6 ditertbutylparacresols, and product producer is Jinzhou additive factory), and testing behind the adding 0.8 heavy %T501 is the product standard requirement.

Example 2

This example illustrates method provided by the invention.

Method by example 1 is produced light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base simultaneously, it is all identical that each distinguishes each section reactor, catalyst hydrogenation loading amount and reaction conditions, the raw materials used temperature of reaction for heavy deasphalted oil (2) the second reaction zone hydrotreatment conversion zones shown in the table 7 of different just (1) second reaction zones is 390 ℃, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.4 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1250, the liquid hourly space velocity of (3) second reaction zone hydrofinishing sections is 0.8 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1250.

Table 7

The stock oil title	Heavy deasphalted oil
		Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃), mm 2/s	????16.04
Density (20 ℃), g/cm 3	????0.9023
		Colourity, number	????＞8.0
Pour point, ℃	????35
		Acid number, mgKOH/g	????0.17
Carbon residue, heavy %	????1.7
		Sulphur content, μ g/g	????1100
Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????2600
		Boiling range (D1160), ℃
Initial boiling point 10% 30% 50% 70% 90% 95%	????274 ????513 ????528 ????550 ????574 ????615 ????619

Table 8 has provided reaction feed and mixture of reaction products distributes.

Table 8

Reaction feed		Mixture of reaction products
				Component	Content, heavy %	Component	Content, heavy %
The second line of distillation distillate	????29.56	Gas	????1.48
				Subtract three-way distillate	????25.42	Light naphthar	????0.78
Wax tailings	????12.02	Petroleum naphtha	????14.68
				Heavy deasphalted oil	????31.52	Rocket engine fuel	????19.29
Hydrogen	????1.48	Solar oil	????14.87
						Ethylene raw	????13.01
		Light lubricant	????9.42
						Lubricating oil	????26.47
Add up to	????100.00	Add up to	????100.00

Rocket engine fuel character is as shown in table 9, has also listed No. 3 rocket engine fuel standards of country in the table 9.

Table 9

Project	The rocket engine fuel that adopts the inventive method to obtain	No. 3 rocket engine fuel standards
			Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????0.7856
Flash-point (remaining silent), ℃	????45	????≥38
			Viscosity (20 ℃), mm2/s	????1.580	????≥1.25
Sulphur content, μ g/g	????0.5	????≤2000
			Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????0.67
Copper strip test, level	????1A	????≤1
			Freezing point, ℃	????-50	????≤-47
Aromaticity content, body %	????1	????≤20
			Acidity, mgKOH/100g	????0.1	????≤1
Smoke point, mm	????34	????≥25
			Existent gum, mg/100ml	????＜2	????＜5
Boiling range (D86), ℃ 10% 50%	????161 ????171	????≤204 ????≤232

The character of solar oil is as shown in table 10, has also listed-No. 10 solar oil premium grads standards of country in the table 10.

Table 10

Project	The solar oil that adopts the inventive method to obtain	-No. 10 solar oil premium grads standards
			Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????0.8174	Actual measurement
Color, number	????0.5	????≤3.5
			Sulphur content, μ g/g	????0.5	????≤5000
Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????＜0.5
			Acidity, mgKOH/100ml	????0.2	????≤5
10% steams the excess carbon residue, heavy %	????0	????≤0.3
			Copper strip test, level	1 grade	≤ 1 grade
Condensation point, ℃	????-21	????≤-10
			Flash-point (remaining silent), ℃	????122	????≥65
Cetane value	????69	????≥45
			Boiling range (D86), ℃ 50% 90% 95%	????283 ????323 ????334	????≤300 ????≤355 ????≤365

Adopt fractionated method to isolate wherein light lubricant and lubricating oil respectively, respectively light lubricant and lubricating oil are dewaxed and make with extra care with the method identical with example 1, obtain light lubricant base oil and lubricant base, the character of light lubricant base oil and lubricant base is as shown in table 11.

Table 11

Project	The light lubricant base oil	HVIS200 base oil standard	Lubricant base	HVIS120BS base oil standard
					Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃), mm 2/s	????6.10	Report	????25.87	????25-28
Kinematic viscosity (40 ℃), mm 2/s	????38.26	????38-42	????303.90	Report
					Viscosity index	????104	????≥98	????99	????≥95
Colourity, number	????＜0.5	????≤1.5	????1.0	????≤5.5
					Flash-point (opening), ℃	????230	????≥210	????288	????≥265
Pour point, ℃	????-13	????≤-9	????-9	????≤-5
					Neutralization value, mgKOH/g	????0.002	????≤0.02	????0.002	????≤0.03
Density (20 ℃), g/cm3	????0.8544	Report	????0.8736	Report
					Aniline point, ℃	????113.3	Report	????133.9	Report
Sulphur content, μ g/g	????＜10	Report	????＜10	Report
					Nitrogen content, μ g/g	????＜10	Report	????＜10	Report
Rotary oxygen bomb, min (adding 0.8 heavy %T501*)	????330	????≥200	????382	????≥200

Claims (52)

1. method of producing light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base simultaneously, it is characterized in that this method comprises two reaction zones, in first reaction zone, in the presence of hydrofining reaction condition and hydrogen, a kind of hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of Hydrobon catalyst, then, in the presence of hydrocracking reaction condition and hydrogen, the product that hydrofining is obtained contacts with a kind of hydrocracking catalyst; In second reaction zone, under hydrotreatment reaction conditions and hydrogen existence condition, a kind of hydrocarbon ils is contacted with a kind of hydrotreating catalyst; The product that first and second reaction zone is obtained mixes, and isolates light-weight fuel oil and lubricant base.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described first reaction zone, hydrorefined reaction conditions comprises that temperature of reaction is 340-410 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.2-1.5 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000.

3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described hydrorefined reaction conditions comprises that temperature of reaction is 360-380 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.3-1.2 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 500-1200.

4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described first reaction zone, Hydrobon catalyst is the Hydrobon catalyst that contains aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in oxide compound, in the described Hydrobon catalyst, the content of group vib metal component is that the content of the heavy % of 12-35, group VIII metal component is the heavy % of 1-5.

6. according to claim 4 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that described group vib metal is selected from molybdenum and/or tungsten, described group VIII metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.

7. according to claim 4 or 5 described methods, it is characterized in that described Hydrobon catalyst also contains one or more the auxiliary agent that is selected from fluorine, phosphorus, the magnesium.

8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 1-9; In oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-5, and Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-4.

9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 2-4; In oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-2, and Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-2.

10. method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described Hydrobon catalyst is made up of the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 1-5, the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the heavy % of 12-35, fluorine and a kind of alumina supporter of the heavy % of 1-9, the described aluminum oxide gama-alumina that to be the purity that obtains of aluminum alkyls or aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis be prepared into through 500-700 ℃ of roasting greater than the diaspore of 65 heavy %.

11. method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, the content of described nickel oxide is the heavy % of 1.5-3.5, and the content of described Tungsten oxide 99.999 is the heavy % of 18-30.

12. method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described Hydrobon catalyst is by the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 1-5, the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the heavy % of 12-35, the fluorine of the heavy % of 1-9 and the alumina supporter of surplus are formed, described aluminum oxide be by one or more little porous aluminum oxides and one or more macroporous aluminium oxides according to 75: 25-50: the aluminum oxide that 50 weight ratio is composited, wherein, to be bore dia account for the aluminum oxide of total pore volume more than 95% less than the pore volume in 80 dust holes to little porous aluminum oxide, and macroporous aluminium oxide is that the pore volume in bore dia 60-600 dust hole accounts for the aluminum oxide of total pore volume more than 70%.

13. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described first reaction zone, the reaction conditions of hydrocracking comprises that temperature of reaction is 340-400 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.2-1.5 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000.

14. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, the reaction conditions of described hydrocracking comprises that temperature of reaction is 350-380 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.5-1.5 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 500-1000.

15. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described hydrocracking catalyst is the hydrocracking catalyst that contains carrier, group vib hydrogenation metal component and the group VIII hydrogenation metal component of mesopore and/or large pore zeolite and aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina composition.

16. method according to claim 15 is characterized in that, in the gross weight of carrier, the content of described mesopore and/or large pore zeolite is the heavy % of 10-30, and the content of aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina is the heavy % of 70-90; In total catalyst weight, described group vib hydrogenation metal components contents is that the heavy % of 10-32, group VIII hydrogenation metal components contents are the heavy % of 2-6.

17. according to claim 15 or 16 described methods, it is characterized in that described hydrocracking catalyst also contains the auxiliary agent fluorine, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 0.5-10.

18. according to claim 15 or 16 described methods, it is characterized in that described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from molybdenum and/or tungsten, described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.

19., it is characterized in that described mesopore and/or large pore zeolite are selected from one or more in faujusite, mordenite, ZSM series zeolite, the Beta zeolite according to claim 15 or 16 described methods.

20. method according to claim 19 is characterized in that described mesopore and/or large pore zeolite are selected from one or more in y-type zeolite, Beta zeolite, ZSM-5 zeolite, the mordenite.

21. method according to claim 17, it is characterized in that, described hydrocracking catalyst is made up of with carrier, fluorine auxiliary agent, nickel and tungsten hydrogenation activity component that high-temperature roasting after zeolite through cationic exchange mixes obtains greater than the boehmite of 65 heavy % the purity of aluminum alkyls or aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis method preparation, with the total catalyst weight is benchmark, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 0.5-5, nickel oxide content is the heavy % of 2.5-6, tungsten oxide content is the heavy % of 10-32, and it is the y-type zeolite of 4.5-5.5 that described zeolite is selected from mordenite or the silica alumina ratio that silica alumina ratio is 9.5-10.5.

22. method according to claim 21 is characterized in that, the content of described fluorine is the heavy % of 1-5; Nickel oxide content is the heavy % of 2.6-5; Tungsten oxide content is the heavy % of 20-28,

23. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hydrocarbon ils of described first reaction zone is selected from atmospheric distillate, light vacuum distillate and secondary processing oil; Described atmospheric distillate comprises the normal pressure wax oil of the normal pressure wax oil of normal two wires distillate, atmosphere 3rd side cut distillate, intermediate base crude oil, the normal pressure wax oil of paraffinic crude, middle paraffinic crude or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them; Described light vacuum distillate comprises the second line of distillation distillate, subtracts three-way distillate, decompressed wax oil or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them; Described secondary processing oil comprises wax tailings.

24. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described second reaction zone, the reaction conditions of hydrotreatment comprises that temperature of reaction is 350-400 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.2-1 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000.

25. method according to claim 24 is characterized in that, in described second reaction zone, the reaction conditions of hydrotreatment comprises that temperature of reaction is 360-390 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.3-0.8 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 500-1500.

26. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in described second reaction zone, hydrotreating catalyst is the hydrotreating catalyst that contains aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

27. method according to claim 26 is characterized in that, in oxide compound, in the described hydrotreating catalyst, the content of group vib metal component is that the content of the heavy % of 12-35, group VIII metal component is the heavy % of 1-5.

28. according to claim 26 or 27 described methods, it is characterized in that described group vib metal is selected from molybdenum and/or tungsten, described group VIII metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.

29., it is characterized in that described hydrotreating catalyst also contains one or more the auxiliary agent that is selected from fluorine, phosphorus, the magnesium according to claim 26 or 27 described methods.

30. method according to claim 29 is characterized in that, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 1-9; In oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-5, and Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-4.

31. method according to claim 30 is characterized in that, in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 2-4; In oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-2, and Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-2.

32. method according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, described hydrotreating catalyst is made up of the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 1-5, Tungsten oxide 99.999, the heavy % fluorine of 1-9 and a kind of alumina supporter of the heavy % of 12-35, the described aluminum oxide gama-alumina that to be the purity that obtains of aluminum alkyls or aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis be prepared into through 500-700 ℃ of roasting greater than the diaspore of 65 heavy %.

33. method according to claim 32 is characterized in that, the content of described nickel oxide is the heavy % of 1.5-3.5, and the content of described Tungsten oxide 99.999 is the heavy % of 18-30.

34. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after the hydrotreatment of second reaction zone, also comprise a hydrofinishing process, described hydrofinishing process is included under the hydrofinishing condition and hydrogen exists down, and the product that hydrotreatment is obtained contacts with a kind of Hydrobon catalyst.

35. method according to claim 34 is characterized in that, the reaction conditions of described hydrofinishing comprises that temperature of reaction is 220-320 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.5-1.5 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000.

36. method according to claim 35 is characterized in that, the reaction conditions of described hydrofinishing comprises that temperature of reaction is 240-300 ℃, and reaction pressure is the 10-20 MPa, and liquid hourly space velocity is 0.7-1.2 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 400-1200.

37. method according to claim 34 is characterized in that, described Hydrobon catalyst is the Hydrobon catalyst that contains aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component.

38., it is characterized in that in oxide compound, in the described Hydrobon catalyst, the content of group vib metal component is that the content of the heavy % of 12-35, group VIII metal component is the heavy % of 1-8 according to the described method of claim 37.

39. according to claim 37 or 38 described methods, it is characterized in that described group vib metal is selected from molybdenum and/or tungsten, described group VIII metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.

40., it is characterized in that described hydrotreating catalyst also contains one or more the auxiliary agent that is selected from fluorine, phosphorus, the magnesium according to claim 37 or 38 described methods.

41., it is characterized in that in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 1-9 according to the described method of claim 40, in oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-5, Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-4.

42., it is characterized in that in element, the content of fluorine is the heavy % of 2-4 according to the described method of claim 41; In oxide compound, phosphorus content is the heavy % of 1-2, and Mg content is the heavy % of 0.1-2.

43., it is characterized in that described Hydrobon catalyst is made up of the nickel oxide of the heavy % of 2.5-6, the Tungsten oxide 99.999 of the heavy % of 24-34, the magnesium oxide of the heavy % of 0.1-1.9 and the aluminum oxide of surplus according to the described method of claim 40.

44. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the hydrocarbon ils of described second reaction zone is selected from atmospheric distillate, gently, heavy vacuum distillate, the mixture of one or more in deasphalted oil and the secondary processing oil, described atmospheric distillate comprise the normal pressure wax oil of the normal pressure wax oil of normal two wires distillate, atmosphere 3rd side cut distillate, intermediate base crude oil, the normal pressure wax oil of paraffinic crude, middle paraffinic crude or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them; Described light, heavy vacuum distillate comprises the second line of distillation distillate, subtracts three-way distillate, subtracts four line distillates, decompressed wax oil or 2 kinds or multiple mixture in them; Described secondary processing oil comprises wax tailings.

45. method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; before described first reaction zone or second reaction zone; perhaps before first reaction zone and second reaction zone, comprise a hydrogenation protecting section respectively; in the hydrogenation protecting section; in the presence of hydrogenation protecting condition and hydrogen, described stock oil is contacted with a kind of hydrogenation protecting catalyst.

46., it is characterized in that described hydrogenation protecting condition comprises that temperature of reaction is 320-400 ℃ according to the described method of claim 45, reaction pressure is the 8-22 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity is 5-25 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 300-2000.

47., it is characterized in that described hydrogenation protecting condition comprises that temperature of reaction is 340-395 ℃ according to the described method of claim 46, reaction pressure is the 10-22 MPa, liquid hourly space velocity is 5-18 hour ^-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 500-1500.

48., it is characterized in that described hydrogenation protecting catalyst is the hydrogenation protecting catalyst that contains aluminum oxide and/or silica-alumina carrier and group vib and group VIII hydrogenation metal component according to the described method of claim 45.

49., it is characterized in that in described hydrogenation protecting catalyst, in oxide compound, the content of group vib metal component is that the content of the heavy % of 1-10, group VIII metal component is the heavy % of 0.5-3 according to the described method of claim 48.

50., it is characterized in that described group vib hydrogenation metal is selected from molybdenum and/or tungsten according to the described method of claim 49, described group VIII hydrogenation metal is selected from nickel and/or cobalt.

51. according to the described method of claim 50; it is characterized in that; described hydrogenation protecting catalyst is the alumina supporter that contains a kind of double-hole structure; the hydrogenation protecting catalyst of molybdenum and/or tungsten and nickel and/or cobalt; with the total catalyst weight is benchmark; in oxide compound; the content of molybdenum and/or tungsten is the heavy % of 1-10 in the catalyzer; the content of nickel and/or cobalt is the heavy % of 0.5-3; in the described double-hole structure aluminum oxide; bore dia be the pore volume in 100-200 dust hole account for total pore volume percentage ratio greater than 50%, bore dia is 5-30% greater than the percentage ratio that the pore volume in 1000 dust holes accounts for total pore volume.

52., it is characterized in that the content of described molybdenum and/or tungsten is the heavy % of 4-9 according to the described method of claim 50, the content of nickel and/or cobalt is the heavy % of 0.5-2.5.