CN1378580A - Adhesive comprising linear isotactic polymers - Google Patents
Adhesive comprising linear isotactic polymers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1378580A CN1378580A CN00814044A CN00814044A CN1378580A CN 1378580 A CN1378580 A CN 1378580A CN 00814044 A CN00814044 A CN 00814044A CN 00814044 A CN00814044 A CN 00814044A CN 1378580 A CN1378580 A CN 1378580A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tackiness agent
- present
- better
- goods
- homopolymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C09J123/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J9/00—Adhesives characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced, e.g. glue sticks
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to adhesives comprising polymeric material wherein the structure of the polymeric material contains elastic amorphous areas of nano scale-size reinforced with self arranged crystalline domains of nano-crystals.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to for example be used to assemble the tackiness agent of goods.The present invention is specifically related to elastic adhesive.
The background of invention
Tackiness agent particularly contains the tackiness agent of olefin polymer, is well-known in the art, and has obtained widespread use industrial.The common Application Areas of this tackiness agent comprises hygienic articles, particularly disposable absorbent article, wrapping material, trolley part etc.
Tackiness agent by polyolefine (as PP, PE, PS, PIB) preparation commonly used has many useful performances.They are physiologically acceptable, food compatible, chemically stable, inertia, non-toxic materials.Yet the most of bad mechanical property in these materials comprises low intensity/resistance to tearing, low stretchiness/elasticity etc.
Other tackiness agent, as contain the tackiness agent of urethane, because its elasticity also is used widely.Yet the shortcoming of polyurethane binder is that they are polymerized by the very big isocyanate-monomer of toxicity.Therefore, because the intrinsic toxicity that its residual monomer produces, they can not be used for many purposes.
Multiple these tackiness agent rubber-like methods that makes have now been proposed in the prior art.The most frequently used method is to change the chemical structure of this polymkeric substance by introduce hinge type tie point/part in main polymer chain.These side groups or side chain provide bigger flexibility to main polymer chain, thereby prevent polymer crystallization, reduce the elasticity of its second-order transition temperature (Tg) and raising gained material.These hinge groups contain to insert in main chain or the bulky side group provides flexible heteroatoms, as oxygen, nitrogen or chlorine.Another kind method is to plasticate by polymkeric substance is mixed with special softening agent.Yet these two kinds of methods all need be introduced heteroatoms in the molecule of tackiness agent or body.
Making these the third methods of tackiness agent rubber-like in the prior art is to form the heterogeneous of enhancing bulk material by forming the physical mesh thing.This method and of the present invention more approaching.In order to reach this purpose, carry out block copolymerization with the different monomers that is no less than two kinds, produce the main polymer chain that contains block with different glass transition temperature.Make like this and microphase-separated takes place in the body, form the flexible chain interconnective enhancing crystallization microcell of a kind of multipolymer simultaneously by second kind of multipolymer.
In fact, Chang Gui tackiness agent has many intrinsic shortcomings.These shortcomings include, but are not limited to low intensity/resistance to tearing, low stretchiness/elasticity, bio-incompatibility, food uncompatibility, produce poisonous resistates etc. owing to contain the heteroatoms of chlorine and so on when burning.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the tackiness agent that can overcome existing tackiness agent shortcoming.
Another object of the present invention provides the goods that contain elastic adhesive.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides the manufacture method of tackiness agent of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of goods, it comprises first element and with tackiness agent and the second bonding element of described first element.The characteristics of these goods are that described tackiness agent contains the olefin homo of [mmmm] five unit group concentration less than 60% degree of isotacticity.
Also a kind of method that bonding coat is provided of the present invention, described method comprises the step that is coated with above-mentioned tackiness agent, this step is selected from hot melt, spraying, powder melts, extrudes molten bar, liquid-based, solvent base, pressure sensitive adhesion or their bonded steps.
The detailed description of invention
The invention provides a kind of goods, it comprises first element and with elastic adhesive that contains olefin homo and the second bonding element of described first element.
The used term " olefin homo " of the application is meant and only contains the polyolefine that all molecules all have the molecule phase of similar three-dimensional chemical configuration.For example, when using this term, do not comprise the two-phase blend of polymeric nonstereospecific polymer and isotactic polymer simultaneously.Term " homopolymer " comprises that all molecules all have the multipolymer of similar three-dimensional chemical configuration.
Olefin homo of the present invention can comprise having one or several C
3-C
20Olefinic monomer structure, [mmmm] five unit group concentration are less than 60%, better less than 50%, better less than 40%, preferably less than 30% degree of isotacticity and [mmmm] five unit group concentration greater than 8%, better greater than 10%, better greater than 12%, the linear, isotactic polymers of degree of isotacticity more preferably greater than 15%.Olefin homo of the present invention better is a polypropylene.
Because the statistical distribution of the three-dimensional error of polymer chain (stereoscopic error), the degree of isotacticity of these homopolymer is lower than existing polyacrylic degree of isotacticity." three-dimensional error is meant the three-dimensional sequences that usefulness [mrrm] five unit groups characterize to term.In this case, center monomer have with this Unit five group in all the other four steric configurations that monomer is opposite.Therefore, [mrrm] five unit group concentration are higher than statistical probability p in this polymkeric substance
2(1-p)
2, p=[m in the formula], 1-p=[r], and p
4=[mmmm].Five unit group concentration better are at least [p (1-p]
qP (1-p), q is 0.8 in the formula, is preferably 0.6, more preferably 0.4, better is 0.2, is preferably 0.1.
In some embodiments of homopolymer, particularly, proved that now the atactic sequence of low levels helps the performance of tackiness agent of the present invention reducing in the embodiment of degree of crystallinity with single three-dimensional error (single stereoerror).[rmrm] five unit group concentration should be lower than 6%, better are lower than 5%, better are lower than 4%, are lower than 3% better, are preferably lower than 2.5%.
In some embodiments of homopolymer, particularly, proved that now the syndiotactic sequence of low levels helps the performance of tackiness agent of the present invention reducing in the embodiment of degree of crystallinity with single three-dimensional error.[rrrr] five unit group concentration should be lower than 6%, better are lower than 5%, better are lower than 4%, are lower than 3% better, are preferably lower than 2.5%.
Perhaps, homopolymer of the present invention can comprise atactic and isotactic polymer blocks sequence.
The average molecular weight Mw of this polymkeric substance is preferably more than the 100000 gram/moles, is preferably more than the 200000 gram/moles, and is more preferably more than the 250000 gram/moles, better greater than 300000 gram/moles, more preferably greater than 350000 gram/moles.If adhesive material elasticity of demand and resistance to tearing, higher molecular weight are useful especially.
For some purposes bonding and so on polymkeric substance and mammalian tissues, its molecular weight better is lower than 200000 gram/moles, better is lower than 175000 gram/moles, is preferably lower than 150000 gram/moles.
Glass transition temperature Tg is between-50 ℃ to+30 ℃.This second-order transition temperature should be lower than 10 ℃, better is lower than 5 ℃, better is lower than 0 ℃, is preferably lower than-6 ℃.This sample is heated to 150 ℃, then this polymkeric substance is cooled to-50 ℃ after, obtain the melt temperature of this polymkeric substance.
Though do not want to be subjected to the constraint of this theory, these olefin polymers have the hypocrystalline structure.This structure contains useful from the nano level crystalline crystallization microcell enhanced nano level elasticity amorphous areas of arranging.In this main polymer chain, introduce defective, can be by this polymer formation fragility macrocrystalline material.The isolated cell unit that will have opposite steric configuration is as this defective, as single three-dimensional error.
The manufacture method of suitable polymers and these polymkeric substance is documented among the PCT patent application EP99/02379.This patent application is with reference to being incorporated among this present invention.Be applicable to that the catalyst composition of making these polymkeric substance is documented among the PCT patent application EP99/02378.This patent application is with reference to being incorporated among the present invention.Method described in the PCT patent application EP99/02378 should be lower than 30 ℃, better is lower than 25 ℃, better is lower than 20 ℃, is preferably lower than under 15 ℃ the temperature to carry out, to improve the molecular weight of resulting polymers.In order to improve molecular weight, polyreaction should be carried out in the liquid monomer of propylene liquid and so on.In order to improve molecular weight, this catalyzer should be used in combination with the boron activator described in the PCT patent application EP99/02378.
The manufacture method of other suitable polymers and these polymkeric substance is documented among the WO99/20664.This patent application is with reference to being incorporated among the present invention.
In the prior art, have many be applicable to the preparation bonding coat technology be known, for example hot melt, spraying, powder melts, extrude molten bar, liquid-based, solvent base, pressure sensitive adhesion, meltblown fibers or their combinations.The known certain benefits of those of ordinary skill in the above-mentioned all capable territory of method that bonding coat is provided.Therefore, those skilled in the art can according to tackiness agent separately the specific requirement of purposes select to be suitable for the method for coating bonding coat of the present invention.
Have now found that tackiness agent of the present invention can be adhered on the polished surface, as metal sheet, the surface that scribbles tetrafluoroethylene, polymer surfaces etc.Tackiness agent of the present invention also is suitable for being adhered on the mammalian tissues, in face tissue.
In the goods of the present invention two interelement bounding forces should be adjusted to be at least 5 newton/centimetre, better be at least 10 newton/centimetre, more preferably 20 newton/centimetre, be preferably 40 newton/centimetre.Certainly, lower if desired peeling force can change the performance of tackiness agent, as molecular weight.Perhaps, when the surface is mutual when bonding, be suitable for identical peeling force requirement.Peeling force can be measured at used specific surface.
Also find, even tackiness agent of the present invention only discharges more a spot of smell under molten state.Particularly, can prepare tackiness agent of the present invention without solvent.Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, tackiness agent contains solvent.
In some embodiments, in the high-molecular weight embodiment, have now found that particularly that tackiness agent of the present invention has than existing tackiness agent and has higher temperature stability.Some reasons are that tackiness agent of the present invention uses homopolymer, and partly cause is the high molecular of this homopolymer.The fusing point of adhesive material of the present invention should be at least 100 ℃, better is at least 110 ℃, better is at least 120 ℃, preferably is at least 130 ℃.Sample is heated to 150 ℃, then polymkeric substance is cooled to-50 ℃, can record the melt temperature of this polymkeric substance., for example this homopolymer is mixed with conventional isotactic polymer (as polypropylene) if needed, can obtain higher fusing point.
Perhaps, particularly in the lower embodiment of binder molecule amount, can obtain the fusing point about 50 ℃.If necessary, such fusing point can be used for making these tackiness agents to lose activity.The fusing point that tackiness agent is heated to it can make it flow, and therefore can it be peeled off with very low peeling force.
Have now found that tackiness agent of the present invention is stretchable, and have elasticity.The tensility of this tackiness agent and elasticity thereof can be regulated by the tacticity of homopolymer of the present invention.Have now found that tackiness agent of the present invention can be stretched to 500% of former length at least, better be stretched to 1000% of former length at least, better be stretched to 1500% of former length at least, preferably be stretched to 2000% of former length at least, and can not tear.In addition, tackiness agent of the present invention be stretched to former length 500% and keep 1 minute after, should in 10 minutes, return to less than 300% of former length, better return to less than 200% of former length, preferably return to less than 150% of former length.Also have, have now found that tackiness agent of the present invention has low compressive set.Tackiness agent of the present invention is after being compressed to 50%1 minutes of original thickness, can in 10 minutes, return to 60% of original thickness at least, better return to 70% of original thickness at least, better 80% of the original thickness that returns at least, good more 90% of the original thickness that returns at least preferably returns to 95% of original thickness at least.The homopolymer that maybe will hang down tacticity by the tacticity that improves homopolymer mixes the compressibility of adjustable abridged edition invention tackiness agent with conventional isotactic polymer (as polypropylene).
Though do not think bound by theory, think the rheological property of tackiness agent of the present invention, i.e. energy storage be elastic modulus G ' and viscous modulus G ", show respectively it in use creep properties and peel off/quick-binding." value performance bonding with tackiness agent respectively and when peeling off is relevant to it is believed that the G ' and G of low frequency (about 0.01-1 radian per second) during with high frequency (about 100-1000 radian per second).Well known in the art, for example can in wide frequency ranges, measure G ' and G " with Rheometric Scientific RS-5 rheometer.To G ' and G " measurement should under required use temperature, carry out, promptly are room temperatures of 25 ℃, or concerning the relevant purposes of human body, are 37 ℃ most of purposes.
" (1 radian per second) should better be lower than 25000Pa less than 30000Pa to the viscous modulus G of tackiness agent of the present invention, better is lower than 20000Pa, is preferably lower than 15000Pa." value (1 radian per second) does not show that tackiness agent of the present invention is coated in when go up on the surface and can not pour off though do not think bound by theoryly, think these G.
" (1 radian per second) should be at least 500Pa to the viscous modulus G of tackiness agent of the present invention, better is at least 1000Pa, better is at least 1500Pa, preferably is at least 2000Pa." value (1 radian per second) does not show that tackiness agent of the present invention can fit with being coated with surface topography though do not think bound by theoryly, think these G.
" (100 radian per second) should better be lower than 20000Pa less than 30000Pa to the viscous modulus G of tackiness agent of the present invention, better is lower than 15000Pa, is preferably lower than 10,000Pa." value (100 radian per second) does not show that tackiness agent of the present invention peels off Shi Buhui from the surface and pour off though do not think bound by theoryly, think these G.
" (100 radian per second) should be at least 1000Pa to the viscous modulus G of tackiness agent of the present invention, better is at least 2000Pa, better is at least 3000Pa, preferably is at least 4000Pa." value (1 radian per second) shows that tackiness agent of the present invention is peeled off from the surface can be not cracked though do not think bound by theoryly, think these G.
Viscous modulus G ' 1 radian per second of tackiness agent of the present invention) should better be lower than 25000Pa less than 30000Pa, better be lower than 20000Pa, be preferably lower than 15000Pa.The viscous modulus G ' of tackiness agent of the present invention (1 radian per second) should be at least 500Pa, better is at least 1000Pa, better is at least 1500Pa, preferably is at least 2000Pa.Though do not think bound by theoryly, think that these G ' values (1 radian per second) show that tackiness agent of the present invention is coated in when go up on the surface and can keep its elasticity.
The viscous modulus G ' of tackiness agent of the present invention (100 radian per second) should better be lower than 25000Pa less than 30000Pa, better is lower than 20000Pa, is preferably lower than 15000Pa.The viscous modulus G ' of tackiness agent of the present invention (100 radian per second) should be at least 2000Pa, better is at least 3000Pa, better is at least 4000Pa, preferably is at least 5000Pa.Though do not think bound by theoryly, think that these G ' values (100 radian per second) show that tackiness agent of the present invention is coated in when go up on the surface and can keep its elasticity.
The ratio of G ' (1 radian per second)/G " ' (1 radian per second) is preferably 1-30.It is believed that this value shows the flowing property when tackiness agent of the present invention is on being applied to substrate surface.
Certainly, other G ' and G if desired " value, the performance that can in above-mentioned given limit value, regulate tackiness agent.
Tackiness agent of the present invention also can be used as the structural element in the goods.These goods include, but are not limited to toy, furniture, clothes, shoes, sports equipment, complex construction (as buildings, automobile, household electrical appliance etc.).After having considered to be used for the concrete advantage of polymkeric substance of goods of the present invention, those skilled in the art how to know with tackiness agent of the present invention as and at random be improved to structural elements above-mentioned and similar goods.
Tackiness agent of the present invention is applicable to polyolefin surfaces, connection and bonding wood surface that connection can not seal, be connected and bonding polymethylmethacrylate surface etc.
But above-mentioned tackiness agent is applicable to the purposes that needs the stretched bonded agent, and promptly the gluing of surfaces of first element and second element should be able to be done little relative movement.For example, tackiness agent of the present invention can be used as the adhesive resin of supatex fabric.Tackiness agent of the present invention also can be used for this bonding nonwoven material is done further processing, as mechanical activation (as looping mill rolling).
Tackiness agent of the present invention for example can be by activation such as electromagnetic radiation (as infrared, ultraviolet or visible radiation) or ultrasonic wave.
For example can add additive as known in the art in the tackiness agent of the present invention.For example, add talcum and be applicable to the change binding property.
Claims (7)
1. goods, it comprises first element and with tackiness agent and the second bonding element of described first element, it is characterized in that described tackiness agent contains the olefin homo of [mmmm] five unit group concentration less than 60% degree of isotacticity.
2. goods as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the molecular weight of described homopolymer is at least 100000 gram/moles.
3. goods as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described tackiness agent is stretchable.
4. goods as claimed in claim 2, but it is characterized in that described tackiness agent is elastic expansion.
5. as each described goods in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that described homopolymer is a polypropylene.
6. as each described goods in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that described tackiness agent is as structural element.
7. method that bonding coat is provided, described method comprises the step of coating adhesive, this step is selected from hot melt, spraying, powder melts, extrudes molten bar, liquid-based, solvent base, pressure sensitive adhesion or their bonded steps,
It is characterized in that described polymer materials contains the olefin homo of [mmmm] five unit group concentration less than 60% degree of isotacticity.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99120170.8 | 1999-10-08 | ||
| EP99120170 | 1999-10-08 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1378580A true CN1378580A (en) | 2002-11-06 |
| CN1179013C CN1179013C (en) | 2004-12-08 |
Family
ID=8239167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB008140448A Expired - Fee Related CN1179013C (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2000-10-02 | Adhesive comprising linear isotactic polymers |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1238035A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2003511541A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100497591B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1179013C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU776090B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR0014609A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2386904A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA02003509A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001027213A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2261292B1 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2014-07-23 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Polyolefin adhesive compositions |
| US7700707B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2010-04-20 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Polyolefin adhesive compositions and articles made therefrom |
| CN100577702C (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2010-01-06 | 三菱化学株式会社 | Propylenes block copolymer |
| US20070172649A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2007-07-26 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Adhesive material, pressure sensitive adhesive film and method of use thereof |
| JP5537509B2 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2014-07-02 | 三井化学株式会社 | Adhesive film |
| EP2540272A1 (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2013-01-02 | Magis S.P.A. | Multilayer material for a diaper landing zone and production method |
| EP2899216A4 (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2016-04-27 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Functionalized alpha-olefin polymer, as well as cured composition and cured article using same |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995010575A1 (en) * | 1993-10-13 | 1995-04-20 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Adhesives from low molecular weight polypropylene |
| EP0891991A3 (en) * | 1995-03-01 | 1999-02-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate complexes and catalysts derived therefrom |
| US6265512B1 (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 2001-07-24 | 3M Innovative Company | Elastic polypropylenes and catalysts for their manufacture |
| DE19816154A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Bernhard Rieger | Linear isotactic polymers, processes for their production and their use and a catalyst combination |
-
2000
- 2000-10-02 AU AU78469/00A patent/AU776090B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-10-02 CA CA002386904A patent/CA2386904A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-10-02 WO PCT/US2000/027137 patent/WO2001027213A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-10-02 JP JP2001530419A patent/JP2003511541A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-10-02 CN CNB008140448A patent/CN1179013C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-10-02 KR KR10-2002-7004491A patent/KR100497591B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-02 MX MXPA02003509A patent/MXPA02003509A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-10-02 BR BR0014609-9A patent/BR0014609A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-10-02 EP EP00968576A patent/EP1238035A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20020035897A (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| MXPA02003509A (en) | 2002-08-20 |
| KR100497591B1 (en) | 2005-07-01 |
| EP1238035A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
| AU7846900A (en) | 2001-04-23 |
| JP2003511541A (en) | 2003-03-25 |
| CN1179013C (en) | 2004-12-08 |
| BR0014609A (en) | 2002-06-11 |
| AU776090B2 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| WO2001027213A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
| CA2386904A1 (en) | 2001-04-19 |
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