CN1376959A - PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

An instrument for testing the PCMCIA MPEG code stream in digital TV broadcast is composed of hardware system and software system. Said hardware system consists of code stream input controlled, processor, buffer, and PCMCIA interface controller. Said software system comprises application software, support software and drive programs. Its advantages are strong function, small size, and flexible application.

Description

PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates in a kind of digital television broadcasting analytical approach and corresponding apparatus thereof to transmission code stream.

Background technology

Along with the formulation of Moving Picture Experts Group-2, the Application and Development of digital audio/video and MPEG is just entering the stage that develops rapidly both at home and abroad; In the coding and use of MPEG-2 code stream, need know the code stream of generation or whether the code stream that obtains meets corresponding standard, also to analyze the coding efficiency and the transmission performances of code stream sometimes.The code stream that generates or receive is difficult to understand, also can't be as the anolog TV signals direct viewing, therefore need the instrument that can analyze the MPEG code stream.Simultaneously, have to need corresponding checking code stream in some equipment debugging processes, this needs to take place the instrument of MPEG code stream.Though several main measuring test instrument both domestic and external and broadcasting equipment manufacturer have the equipment of this respect, but mostly adopt the PCI computer interface to realize, though what have relates to PCMCIA, but also just as an interface, do not have real PCMCIA specialty analysis instrument, therefore for some technician that often need carry out field survey, their volume is too huge, gives and carries and carry and bring many inconvenience; And the analytic function of some equipment is incomplete, for the user, can not understand the MPEG code stream well, intuitively, and is inconvenient when debugging, inspection and Authentication devices yet.Based on this a series of situation, the Shanghai Broadcasting exploitation has also been finished PCMCIA-MPEG code stream analysis instrument functional and that volume is little.It is applicable to the fault monitoring and the specificity analysis of MPEG-2 digital television standard sharpness and each link output code flow of high definition field, and the checking of equipment and Installation and Debugging: in the installation and debugging process of digital television system, can analyze, checking and localization of fault to each link of system; In the monitoring link of digital television system, can the main node of system be monitored; In digital television devices exploitation and development process, can debug with performance evaluation to it etc.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that adopts hardware, software to combine, the instrument and equipment that utilizes pcmcia interface that the MPEG transmission code stream is analyzed.

The present invention includes hardware and software, hardware is made analytical instrument, hardware comprises code stream input control and treatment facility, pcmcia interface hardware, software adopts independently three software levels: application software, support software and driver, driver is finished and hardware controls and operating system related work, support software is used for the contact application software and driver, the shielding hardware details, for application software provides data, the analysis process management, the interface function of access hardware is provided, carry out data preparation, application software is finished the processing of user's input, by customer requirements the data that obtain is analyzed, statistics, show.

Described hardware comprises that load module finishes the conversion of input signal format.Input signal is the ASI form.The ASI interface is the signal of serial 270M, and interface circuit is finished signal coupling and shaping, adopts an ASIC to finish bit clock and recovers, and line decoding and 10 bits/8 bits switch convert thereof into parallel signal.

The clock information module is responsible for monitoring and record PCR clock value.PCR is a system clock reference in the MPEG code stream, and its degree of accuracy is bigger to the influence of Digital Video System with shake, so must be accurately to its analysis, and this just requires its record is also wanted instant, accurate.The temporal information register is deposited above-mentioned temporal information, and carries generation by computer interface in due course and carry out analyzing and processing to software.

Parameter and the operation with control module control input chip analyzed in input, receives the data of coming in from load module, according to control signal wherein code stream analyzed, and write data to input buffer.

Input buffering and control module are carried out buffer memory to data, and for simplifying circuit, buffer adopts the block RAM of FPGA inside to realize.Module also is responsible for checking the full level of impact damper, provides corresponding indicating signals.The indication of binding data transmission control section is passed to software with the input code flow data through pcmcia interface and is analyzed and handle again.

The clock processing module generates the system clock of 27M, and sends to each several part carry out work after overdriving.

The PCI status control module is mainly finished PCI standard in the pcmcia interface, realizes function and the control of PCI.The PCI standard is a more complicated, and its State Control is more complicated also, comprises the control etc. of selection, data transmission procedure and state of explanation, address and data of control, the order in pci interface space here.

Register and control module.Register is the main means that controlled variable and hardware information are provided in the hardware, and in the PCI standard, register is an important ingredient in the space.Its control comprises that mainly address resolution, reading and writing data, initialization, parameter are to control of other module etc.

The task that the Data Transmission Controlling module is mainly finished has: judge and initiation data PCI transmission course, notice relevant hardware and impact damper are prepared this, control corresponding PCI hardware and carry out correct address date selection, select correct impact damper and find corresponding address, finishing of affirmation task finished transmission course etc.

The interrupt control module produces interruption according to the parameter of the number of times of input data transmission and output data transmission and relevant control register after finishing certain data transmission, notify that related software carries out the record analysis processing to data in the computing machine.

Computer Interface Module is mainly finished the direct-connected buffering with computing machine, guarantees the electric property compliant requirement of computer interface part.

What energy supply control module was mainly finished has: change out other direct supply that various chips require from the single power supply of PCMCIA, this is comprising booster circuit and reduction voltage circuit.In addition, also to finish the needed power supply control of economize on electricity, at the power supply that cuts off some partial circuit in some cases.

Initialization and programming module.This part is the necessary initializing circuit of FPGA, and it is loaded into the required configuration information of FPGA in the configuration space of FPGA when powering on, and makes FPGA can realize desired function.

Described driver matches with operating system and finishes hardware initialization, equipment is set up, the distribution of interruption, input/output port and each resource of impact damper, make hardware become the addressable equipment of operating system, and as seen to support program and application program, operating system is after finding hardware and beginning to start driver, and job step is:

1. at first be that hardware is carried out initialization, Resources allocation and finish system's control structure.

2. next be the distribution of carrying out impact damper, divide to be used in the impact damper of analyzing and taking place.

3. after this resident part of driver is waited for the order that support program is sent.

4. the back that receives orders makes an explanation to it, and resolves into access hardware is operated.

5. require hardware to be conducted interviews according to the accessing operation that decomposites by pcmcia interface.

After initialization is finished, driver is also resident another part, i.e. interrupt response program:

1. receive that interrupt response activates corresponding interrupt response program.

2. share interruption because the PCI standard adopts, at first need to judge the source of interruption.

3. if the interruption that the equipment here produces, then check the state of impact damper.

4. if impact damper has obtained data or needed new data, then the state of impact damper is adjusted.6, send the request that impact damper need be handled to support software, handle the data that obtain or new data is provided by support program.

Described support software comprises analysis and Control module, log file treatment progress module, analyzes data processing process module, hardware parameter setting and acquisition module, and each module job step is as follows:

The analysis and Control program:

Analysis and Control:

1. soft, the hardware parameter of initialization is for the input-buffer and the analysis operation of code stream are prepared.

2. distribute the impact damper of analyzing usefulness, analyzing code stream needs bigger impact damper with the sliding analytic process of buffer code levelling.

3. set the parameter of hardware, begin to analyze the hardware action of code stream.

4. generate the process that log file is handled, it will record needed bit stream data in the file on request.

5. generate the process of analyzing data processing, it will be handled the data that obtain from input buffer, and call the application call back function and carry out the detail analysis processing.Analyze the data processing process:

1. process begins the data processing request of back wait from driver.

2. at first impact damper is put in order, data are moved to the file processing impact damper, change the state of file processing impact damper and data processing impact damper then from the data processing impact damper.

3. need be with the request of sending written document during data recording in the file processing impact damper.

4. need be to the further analyzing and processing of bit stream data, the invokes application call back function is handled.

5. put impact damper at last in order, the impact damper of handling is cleaned out, be used for the buffering of new data.The hardware parameter setting is obtained:

1. the function and the requirement of at first application being called analyzed.

2. calculate relevant parameter according to required function.

3. select the register relevant with requiring function.

4. according to the analog value of the property calculation register of parameter and related register.

5. open equipment, prepare to carry out hardware operation.

6. call driver is carried out the read-write of register.

7. return the register value that reads.

8 information parameter values according to the understanding of register value calculating needs.

Described application software comprises MPEG code stream real-time analysis software and MPEG code stream off-line analysis software, wherein MPEG code stream real-time analysis software at first obtains system's control by the bottom hardware module, start-up routine view then, create each function pages, the program view framework comprises toolbar and menu bar, tree framework, real-time analysis framework, pcr analysis framework, program analytical framework, tabular analysis framework, Buffer analytical framework, hardware analysis framework; Wherein system is provided with the job step of modular program and is:

(1). system is provided with module after startup, creates that at first dialog box being set;

(2). the Set For Current parameter of reading system also shows;

(3). the user can be provided with at each and select to meet the option (also can just check, not elect) that oneself requires on button;

(4). after finishing (3) step, the user selects whether to agree existing parameter setting, if disagree with then inquire the parameter setting that whether logs off, if do not withdraw from then return step (3), otherwise withdraws from setting;

(5) if. in step (4), select to agree existing parameter setting, parameter input system nucleus module then will be set, and the setting that logs off.MPEG code stream off-line analysis software, at first obtain system's control by the bottom hardware module, start-up routine view then, create each function pages, the program view framework comprises toolbar and menu bar, tree framework, analysis-by-synthesis framework, pcr analysis framework, program analytical framework, tabular analysis framework, video analysis framework.

Calling system nucleus module when entering real-time analysis, its job step is:

1. start-up system nucleus module begins to wait for the interrupt call of bottom hardware module;

2. start the bottom hardware module, bottom hardware module catch code flow data from input signal cable is packed into the impact damper 1 of Installed System Memory, after the data in the impact damper 1 are filled up, produce system break, interrupt response function in the calling system nucleus module, and the address of impact damper, the size and the hardware clock of impact damper passed to the interrupt response function.After finishing above step, the bottom hardware module continues to catch bit stream data, and be packed in the Installed System Memory impact damper 2, after the data of impact damper 2 are filled up, produce system break, the interrupt response function of calling system nucleus module, repeating step 2 send the control command that stops to analyze up to analytic system;

3. system core module is after the interrupt call of receiving the bottom hardware module, the outage response function.The interrupt response function obtains the internal memory pointer of bit stream data, the size of bit stream data piece and the clock information of system hardware.It is long that at first the size by bit stream data is calculated the bag of the bag number of bit stream data and each packet; Respectively each packet is analyzed by the bag number;

4. many special information on services forms are arranged in the transport stream of MPEG, and they are distributed in the data stream with the form of bag data.(the Programassociation table: Program Association Table) be the crucial form that produces whole code flow structure of pat table lattice wherein.In step 3,, enter pat table case analysis process at once in case the packet of pat table occurs.

5. in step 3, whether first byte of each packet being analyzed the preceding packet of inspection earlier is sync byte 0X47.If not, show that error in data may appear in this packet or data are not synchronous.The fault processing module is sent in error message, and carried out the analysis of next packet; After above step is finished, check the most significant digit (error of transmission zone bit) of second byte in the packet, if " 1 " is then represented to have the error of transmission that can't correct in the packet, the fault processing module is sent in error message, and carried out the analysis of next packet; After above step is finished, whether back 4 (bag continuous counter positions) checking the 4th byte in the packet are continuous counter+1 (0 * f+1=0) of a last identical PID bag, if not, in code stream loss of data or repetition may appear then, the fault processing module is sent in error message, and carried out the analysis of next packet;

6. behind completing steps 5, the header data of each packet is analyzed, checked the clock information that whether has program.If clock information is arranged, then search the program number of this packet correspondence, obtain last clock information according to program number, from the clock information of hardware, search corresponding clock information again, calculate the spacing value and the accuracy value of PCR clock; Result of calculation is sent among the FIFO (impact damper of first in first out), judged whether its spacing value and accuracy value have exceeded the scope that standard allows.If go beyond the scope, then error message is sent into the error message processing module;

7. behind completing steps 6, the PID in the packet header of each packet (Packet ID:13 bit) is taken out, according to the attribute of standard analysis bag data;

8. in step 7,, then take out the form identification code (Table ID) in the packet, carry out the analysis of different forms according to Table ID respectively if the PID of bag belongs to a kind of (PSI-SI form) in the service information table.Wherein, then carry out described step 4, and refresh code flow structure if pat table occurs;

9. in step 7, if the PID of bag belongs to the audio/video flow data, then search this audio/video data and belong to any programs, and from packet, the attribute of audio/video is taken out, put into the data structure of corresponding programme attribute;

10. in step 7, if the PID of bag does not belong to the PID of any prescribed by standard and does not belong to data stream in any program, then the packet of this PID is thought the unspecified PID of code stream, it is listed in do not specify in the PID tabulation, and the error message processing module is sent in error message;

11. in step 1, in case the bottom hardware module is activated, timing is incited somebody to action to the current hardware information data of hardware application by system, and the hardware information that obtains is sent into the hardware information analysis module, and hardware information is shown to the user.

Described code stream off-line analysis software, wherein, the job step of file identification program is:

1, the stream file that selection will be analyzed;

2, obtain filename and suffix thereof, and judge whether to be the transport stream suffix, if not, warn then that this stream file of user may not be analyzable transport stream;

3, search sync byte OX47, write down current location, think its be file begin side-play amount;

4, continue to look into OX47, if spacing value is write down greater than 188 in the interval of two adjacent OX47, otherwise current location is the code stream reference position, continues the step poly-4;

5, repeat the step and gather 4, after obtaining 5 continuous spacing values, judge wherein whether there is legal value (whether being 188 or 204 promptly); If exist, then the value of spacing value and file header side-play amount is sent into system core core module, otherwise, then return the step poly-1 and reselect file.

Described code stream off-line analysis software, wherein, the program work of file clock recovery module goes on foot to gather and is:

1, obtain the PID of the PCR of program;

2, search the packet that contains PCR information, write down its position and PCR value;

3, search a back packet that contains PCR information, write down its position and PCR value;

4, judge whether to find 6 PCR bag, or the end of file, as not being to return 3;

5, the PCR bag number pcmum that record finds altogether;

6, from file not tail search the packet that first contains PCR information, write down its position and PCR value;

7, search the packet of the previous PCR of containing information, write down its position and PCR value;

8, find pcmum PCR bag? as not being then to return 7;

9, (the individual PCR of i＜=pcmum) is with afterwards (j＜=pcmum) bit number between the individual PCR and PCR clock interval go out code check with the 27MHZ clock calculation to pcmum-j to calculate forward direction i;

10, judge whether to calculate pcmum code check, as not being to return 9;

11, calculate the error between each code check, remove the code check value of apparent error, correct relatively code check value is averaged;

12, result of calculation is sent into system core module.

Described code stream off-line analysis software, wherein, the job step that audio/video is poured out modular program is:

1, obtain the pid value of audio/video flow, is PES or ES by what select that decision derives; Gather 2 if ES then continues the step, otherwise jump to the step poly-4;

2, what judge to select is audio stream or video flowing, if audio stream then searches the

An audio frequency head, otherwise, then search first video sequence head, and write down its position, ignore a data of its PES and TS bag, the opening entry valid data;

3, judging whether all derives the data stream in the range of choice, if do not have, continue the step and gather 2, otherwise, then jump to and withdraw from this module;

4, in selectable scope, search the packet that the next one contains the PES head, write down the data length of PES bag;

5, ignore the data that TS wraps, the opening entry valid data are till the ED of a PES;

6, judging whether all derives the PES data in the range of choice, if do not have, continue the step and gather 4, otherwise, withdraw from out this module.

Advantage of the present invention is, can make full use of soft, hardware advantage separately, uses flexibly.According to circumstances adjust the division of labor soft, hardware, increased the not available function of some other similar analysis products.Like this, do not increasing under the condition of cost, make this product integrate multiple analytic function, and wherein each function can realize separately, powerful, volume is little, and is easy to carry, is fit to the technician system is carried out on the spot measurement at any time.As analysis, surveying instrument, the software interface close friend that it provides makes things convenient for the user to use, and understands code stream information intuitively.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is a system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 2 is hardware configuration block schemes of the present invention.

Accompanying drawing 3 is driver flow process and hardware interface synoptic diagram.

Accompanying drawing 4 is support software module and process flow diagram.

Accompanying drawing 5 is real-time analysis software flow patterns.

Accompanying drawing 6 is that system is provided with the module process flow diagram.

Accompanying drawing 7 is system core module process flow diagrams.

Accompanying drawing 8 is pat table lattice processing flow charts.

Accompanying drawing 9 is tabular analysis module process flow diagrams.

Accompanying drawing 10 is off-line analysis module process flow diagrams.

Accompanying drawing 11 is file identification program flow diagrams.

Accompanying drawing 12 is file clock recovery program process flow diagrams.

Accompanying drawing 13 is that audio/video is poured out the modular program process flow diagram.

Embodiment

Be described in detail main software of the present invention and modular character and the course of work below:

The function of software is more, complicated, and the design has adopted comparatively independently three software levels: driver, support program and application program.Wherein driver is that operating system management hardware is necessary, and other software must pass through driver to the operation of hardware.The details that can shield low layer of separating of support software and application software, and has a greater flexibility, as when the real-time performance requirement is higher, the software that can suitably part wherein be finished by computing machine changes by hardware to be realized, and as long as keep support software constant to the interface of using software, application software does not just need to do too much change.Driver

It matches with operating system and finishes the initialization of hardware, the foundation of equipment, and the distribution of various resources such as interruption, input/output port and impact damper makes hardware become the equipment that operating system can be visited, and to support program and application program as seen.In addition, it also finishes the many functions relevant with analysis itself.When actual motion, driver receive on the one hand the order of sending from upper layer software (applications) to hardware make configuration modification, state reads; Respond the interruption that hardware sends on the other hand, the notice support software is prepared data, and is cached to behind the support software DSR in the memory block that hardware can visit; The operation steps of driver as shown in Figure 3.Operating system is being found hardware and is being begun to start driving.Support software

It is that the equipment that driver is set up is conducted interviews that support software provides the mechanism of the interface of application software control and access hardware devices, and shields the detail (as register address etc.) of hardware resource.Equipment is had no progeny in producing, what at first response was interrupted is driver, but driver operates in priority higher system layer, be not suitable for carrying out a large amount of computings, so the notice support software of having no progeny in the design driven program response, be responsible for the more computings such as processing of data by the lower support software of priority.Aspect the operational order of support software response application software, for general operation, the support software invocation facility has once just been finished processing, but operates for code stream analysis and code stream, equipment will be in the state of continuous operation, and single job can not reach requirement.When the design receives above-mentioned requirements at support software, generate relevant treatment progress, be responsible for the continuous operation of service equipment by support software, the processing of control data and file, and after receiving the interrupt response notice of driver, the call back function of invokes application is finished the processing of data.

The main modular of support software and flow process as shown in Figure 4, main modular comprises: analysis and Control, log file treatment progress, analyze data processing process, hardware parameter setting and obtain.Many independently treatment progress modules are arranged in the support program, and the effect of doing like this is to make many operations to carry out simultaneously, can't carry out and be unlikely to when a certain operation takes place other operation.As must the data of new input being cushioned when analyzing, otherwise new data will lose, and may also will carry out recorded and stored to the data that cushion simultaneously.

The order of the analysis code stream that analysis and Control module responds application program is sent, finish necessary hardware, software operation, guarantee that resource puts in place, make that data processing and the process control analyzed are carried out, also distribute code stream record resource needed simultaneously and generate the needed file processing process of record.The log file treatment progress mainly is responsible for the bit stream data of input in impact damper filtered, selects and revise, and the state of impact damper is controlled, and obtains needed data and record hereof.Analysis data processing process monitors that to the full state of sky of input buffer the selection of controller buffer the code stream of input is put in order, and the call back function of invokes application is carried out more detailed analyzing and processing when needed.The hardware parameter setting provides an interface that hardware is controlled with obtaining.According to different operation requirement or functional requirements, often need to change hardware setting, this interface can be provided with relevant hardware, so that hardware can be operated according to the requirement of using.Application program also need be known the state that hardware is current through regular meeting, and with the working condition of differentiating hardware and the characteristic of obtaining external signal etc., this interface also can obtain corresponding information as requested.

The groundwork step of each module is consulted aforementioned summary of the invention.Application software

See also accompanying drawing 5 real-time analysis software flow patterns, application software is translated into corresponding order in the auxiliary process user down input of operating system, to the work by the support software control hardware after the command interpretation and obtain data.After obtaining bit stream data, it is analyzed, adds up, press customer requirements and show the structure of code stream, the shake of PCR, the information of program, the explanation of code stream parameter etc. according to relevant standard.

Before starting analytic system, the code stream source is connected to the input interface (referring to " system chart ") of analytic system.Application software initiated

Operation application software " MPEG code stream real-time analyzer ", program at first obtains the control authority of system by the bottom hardware module, and start-up routine view is then created the display page of each function." toolbar and menu bar " in accompanying drawing 5, " tree framework ", " real-time analysis framework ", " pcr analysis framework ", " program analytical framework ", " tabular analysis framework ", " Buffer analytical framework ", " hardware information framework " are respectively the view framework of each function.System is provided with module

If the user needs each monitoring project is carried out certain setting (so that analyzing by user's oneself requirement) before using system in the system monitoring process, click the button of " parameter is set " in the toolbar in the front view, " system is provided with module " will be called by system.The flow process of " system is provided with module " as shown in Figure 6, job step is seen summary of the invention.The characteristic of following labor key modules.System core module

System core module is the core of whole analytic system, and its major function is to finish every analysis and system's control of bit stream data.This module receives by the bit stream data of bottom hardware module (when bottom hardware takes place to interrupt, receiving data), and data are classified according to the standard of DVB (or ATSC); Then the data of classification being sent into different processing sub handles; The result that will finish dealing with sends into each page demonstration of main window framework at last.

In order to reach higher real-time performance, system core module adopts the data qualification processing mode, this mode also is the data pattern (Transport Stream) that meets mpeg transport stream---the data of mpeg transport stream are transmitted with the data of packing, each different audio/videos stream and the data stream that is used for controlling with other services all are present in code stream simultaneously with the speed of oneself, it does not have certain rule in proper order, and they just distinguish with the identification code (PID) of each packet.

In the analysis of transport stream, accurate real-time clock is the key of analyzing.But, the requirement of adopting computer-internal clock (clock on BIOS or the pci bus) its precision and degree of stability not to reach prescribed by standard far away.(what adopt in hardware is high precision constant temperature crystal, and its precision is higher than 10 so the real-time clock in this system adopts hardware clock to come the internal clocking of replacement computer ^-7).Clock relevant portion in nucleus module all adopts this clock signal.And in the bottom hardware module, not only to provide the information of this clock, also to finish the extraction and the analysis of code stream clock information, could guarantee the correctness of real-time analysis like this, can not handle more senior analysis thereby reserve more time because of the processing time of computing machine too much system that takies when handling highly accurate and real-time data yet.The code flow structure analysis module

This module be the foundation of whole code stream analysis, only after the analysis of finishing code flow structure, could analyze in more detail sundry item.Code flow structure also is the most normal analysis result that will obtain of mpeg transport stream analysis (even only need analysis code flow structure in some occasion).

Because native system is supported DVB (European standard) and ATSC (Unite States Standard (USS)) simultaneously, and there is very big difference in many aspects in their code flow structure.Therefore in analytic process, need code stream is discerned.Generally, the sign of some ATSC standards is arranged in mpeg transport stream, when there are these signs in system discovery, can determine the whether not ATSC standard that certain transport stream adopts.But also have a lot of transport stream not have such sign, also similar sign not in the DVB standard simultaneously is so adopt automatically in the code stream identification of native system is handled and the mode that manually combines is determined the type of code stream.

In the code flow structure analytic process, can be intuitively and understand the structure of whole code stream and the relation between each data stream clearly for making the user, system adopts the mode of tree type to represent a code flow structure.Yet in other like product, adopt tree can't reach the requirement (the continuous variation of tree can produce the result who glimpses) of real-time.The tree that native system adopts uses the tree mode of simplifying, and the obsolete function of user is removed.Adopting when showing tree does not have the display mode that dodges.The reference clock analysis module

The reference clock analysis is that the total system real-time requires the highest module, and the relation of he and bottom hardware module is the closest.This module adopts on display mode does not dynamically have the graphical demonstration of dodging, and can give user's information the most intuitively.Reference clock (back claims PCR) precision analysis and the reference clock compartment analysis one by one of two important analysis parts arranged in this analysis module.The PCR precision analysis is the error when analyzing each clock signal of every programs in the code stream and coming, each clock information in code stream is with the frequency counting of 27MHz, the hardware of native system is also counted same clock at the same time, in order to obtain the clock jitter situation of code stream in various transmission channels.Frequency to the PCR timing point in the mpeg transport stream standard also has regulation, and can cause the error of code stream time precision long interval time.The PCR compartment analysis of native system can show PCR actual conditions at interval with graphics mode.

At two kinds of analysis parts, system has all used represented as histograms that clock jitter is provided and at interval at the ratio of whole time domain appearance, has provided the degree of PCR clocking error.The error message processing module

The error message processing module is the module that runs through total system.Produce various alert messages by him.As the standard set analytical equipment, the most important thing is to detect whether conformance with standard of analyzed data, and when data make a mistake, the user is sounded a warning, to solve the problem that takes place, guarantee the quality of broadcasting.Native system detects in strict accordance with the standard (mpeg transport stream testing standard) of ETR290.Therefore each analysis link in system all has and the mutual interface of error message processing module.

The error message processing module itself has set-up mode in detail flexibly.The mode that can self-defined warning under user's control and the content of monitoring, not exclusively the data stream of symbol and standard can autotelic analysis part mistake to some, and can not obscured by a large amount of unconcerned mistake.

The error message processing module provides trigger condition for the erroneous trigger storage simultaneously.Therefore, error message is flexibly handled and has also been guaranteed to trigger flexibly simultaneously storage mode.The tabular analysis module

In the process that mpeg transport stream is analyzed, the analysis of form data (information on services) is the most key.The one-piece construction of code stream and the service function of various numerous and complicated are all controlled by form data.Under the environment of high code check, it is very difficult extracting corresponding form data and show from code stream, because the data processing complex of information on services, data volume are big.And the form data processing module in the native system can be analyzed the various information on services forms of demonstration in real time.This framework for digital television system provides good instrument.

Can finish real-time form data processing capacity mainly is because adopted the data qualification mode in system core module.Promising each form is handled and the data structure of definition and modular disposal route flexibly in the system.Its processing procedure is as shown in Figure 9: the hardware information analysis module

Hardware information is the exclusive functional module of native system.When the mpeg transport stream system architecture; run into the connection (or line quality problem) of line errors etc. through regular meeting; but can't distinguish on its form of expression and between the plant issue, therefore can be at too much time of waste on the unnecessary link (always at first suspecting the problem of hardware device when going wrong usually).The hardware information analysis is exactly at this situation and independent analysis module.He adopts port to separate, and the discrete pattern of level is shown to the user with the RST on the hardware circuit.Make the user can find the problem of system aspect circuit rapidly, accelerate the speed of system constructing.

The hardware information module itself is the interactive module of system software and bottom hardware.Because the state of hardware circuit can only be obtained by bottom hardware,, the hardware information processing is shown to the user so being actually the real-time hardware circuit information that bottom hardware is obtained.The off-line analysis module frame chart

See also accompanying drawing 10 off-line analysis module software process flow diagrams, operation application software " MPEG code stream off-line analysis system ", program at first obtains the control authority of system by the bottom hardware module, and start-up routine view is then created the display page of each function." toolbar and menu bar " in accompanying drawing 10, " tree framework ", " analysis-by-synthesis framework ", " pcr analysis framework ", " program analytical framework ", " tabular analysis framework ", " video analysis framework ", " error analysis framework " are respectively the view framework of each function.

Open the stream file that will analyze:

" opening file " of (or the respective selection in the menu bar) item in toolbar, system shows a FileDialog, need to be selected the stream file of analysis by the user.Certain filtration is carried out in demonstration to each path file in FileDialog, shows the file of stream file type that may be analyzed;

File type identification:

See also accompanying drawing 11 file identification flow processs, system sends into file pointer the file identification module earlier and carries out careful file type judgement, and the file identification module is searched the sync byte of transport stream and the side-play amount (issuable mistake when considering the user at the memory code stream file) of file beginning at the file the beginning part.But owing to may have 0 * 47 many byte (being not to be the sync byte of bag) in the bit stream data, so the beginning side-play amount of sync byte that finds at the beginning in the file identification module and code stream is not necessarily correct.Therefore, in the file identification module, adopt the method for searching 5 times backward further to determine the code stream reference position.Synchronous start point again when at every turn searching.If above step is all failed, judge that then code stream is non-transport stream.Code flow structure is analyzed

The start-up system nucleus module, this moment, the code stream input interface of system core module was not the bottom hardware module, but by the interface of file read module.

The file clock recovery:

System core module obtains the structure of code stream, learns the stream of the PCR clock existence of every programs.Begin from code stream then, calculate the clock of every programs, its flow process is shown in accompanying drawing 12 file clock recovery flow processs.

The extraction and the multidata tolerance algorithm of file head and the tail time tag adopted in the calculating of file code check, promptly is to extract several clock informations at top of file, extracts the clock information of same quantity at tail of file, gets the corresponding clock information of head and the tail then and carries out computing.Such algorithm almost comprises the length of whole file, and the error of each result of calculation is all little, more a plurality of result of calculations is averaged, and error further is diffused among each result, further reduces error.Therefore, when file was relatively large, the error of calculation was less relatively.Analyze beginning:

System core module begins each packet in the file is analyzed, and its analytical procedure is with the real-time analysis step.The local module of selecting of file

When file is analyzed, because its Data Source is different with real-time analysis, data are to obtain from file, and the user may analyze (as: 1 hour code stream of file record itself at the arbitrary portion of file, the user is concerned about the data that it is last 1 minute, system just provides analysis result after can not allowing the user wait for 59 minutes), display result (file comparatively big time will spend long time) just after also the analysis of whole file can not being finished during the systematic analysis file.Therefore, native system adopts the method for partial analysis to the analysis of file.Operate one " subrange selection control " by the user and come the analyst coverage of appointing system file.And system core module also is that control is controlled thus to the location of file at this moment.(system default analysis package number is＜=100000, and the user can select: the overall budget of 1-file several, when file was big, analysis time was longer).Audio/video is poured out module:

See also accompanying drawing 13 audio/videos and pour out the module flow process, after finishing above each step, the user can check the result of system to file analysis by different view frameworks.When the user need further analyze or when using other playout softwares to check programme content a certain independent audio/video stream in the code stream, user's " audio/video is poured out " function in can using system extracts data from ASCII stream file ASCII, save as independent file.In the tree that shows code flow structure, with the audio/video subitem of clicking selection by mouse right button, system ejects " audio/video is poured out " menu.The file layout that selection will be poured out (PES stream or ES stream).System core module is called " audio/video is poured out module ".

When audio/video data is poured out ES stream, in order to allow other software or instrument be familiar with this document (the code stream type is judged with the initial data of file header by common broadcast or software for editing), module starts the header of searching audio/video earlier at audio/video stream, just begins to handle later data after finding.The characteristic system core module of off-line analysis key modules

This module adopts same module with real-time analysis neutralized system nucleus module.

The file identification module

The main operation of off-line analysis is the operation at file, and the form of data file can be multiple (comprising: transport stream-TS, program stream-PS, program element stream-PES or ES etc.), so the identification of file layout is the basis of off-line analysis.

The file identification module of off-line analysis not only will identify the type of ASCII stream file ASCII, and to check the mistake that the user produces in the file storage process (such as: file header location mistake etc.).Most of software is only judged file type and can't be discerned vicious file by the information of file header when file identification.In fact the file identification module of native system has certain Intelligent Recognition function.

The mode that the file identification module adopts multiple recognition mode to combine reaches the function of Intelligent Recognition.Utilize the data characteristic of different-format, with different levels fuzzy Judgment.

The file data statistical module

In off-line analysis,, obtain each data in the code stream so the user can be detailed because data are from file.File data display part in the file data statistical module, native system does not adopt simple data presentation mode, but the data qualification function of coupling system nucleus module is separated the important information in the data, show with different colors, and pointed out, allow the user can clearly understand the meaning of each the member's representative in the data.This display mode is not only directly perceived, and easy to operate, and the interface is clear.

The file clock recovery module

File is carried out another unique analysis module that the analysis of code stream reference clock is a native system.In the file analysis of static state, can not adopt the real-time clock of hardware to analyze data in time-related characteristic.And native system extracts clock information to whole ASCII stream file ASCII in advance when the analysis code stream file, passes through fault-tolerant (minimizing cumulative errors) algorithm repeatedly again, can obtain relatively accurate file original clock.The degree of accuracy assurance of file clock recovery has also guaranteed the correctness that the reference clock of static code stream is analyzed.

The derivation module of audio/video data

The derivation module of audio/video data is in fact finished is conversion work between the various ASCII stream file ASCIIs.By the function of this module, the part in file or the file is converted to another kind of form, to be used for carrying out other deeper analyses (or playback of audio/video).

Claims (9)

1, a kind of PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, comprise hardware and software, hardware is made analytical instrument, it is characterized in that: hardware comprises code stream input control and treatment facility, pcmcia interface hardware, software adopts independently three software levels: application software, support software and driver, driver is finished and hardware controls and operating system related work, support software is used for the contact application software and driver, the shielding hardware details, for application software provides data, the analysis process management, the interface function of access hardware is provided, carry out data preparation, application software is finished the processing of user's input, by customer requirements the data that obtain is analyzed, statistics, show.

2, by claim 1 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described hardware comprises load module, the clock information logging modle, input is analyzed and control module, input-buffer and control module, clock processing and control module, PCI status control module, register and control module, Data Transmission Controlling module, interrupt control module, Computer Interface Module, energy supply control module, initialization and programming module, wherein:

Load module is finished the conversion of input signal format; Interface circuit is finished signal coupling and shaping, adopts an ASIC to finish bit clock and recovers, and line decoding and 10 bits/8 bits switch convert thereof into parallel signal.

The clock information module monitors and record PCR clock value that the temporal information register is deposited above-mentioned temporal information, and carries generation by computer interface in due course and carry out analyzing and processing to software.

Input is analyzed and control module, and the parameter and the operation of control input chip receive the data of coming in from load module, according to control signal wherein code stream is analyzed, and is write data to input buffer.

Input buffering and control module are carried out buffer memory to data, check the full level of impact damper, provide corresponding indicating signals.The indication of binding data transmission control section is passed to software with the input code flow data through pcmcia interface and is analyzed and handle again.

The clock processing module; Generate the system clock of 27M, and after overdriving, send to each several part and carry out work.

The PCI status control module is mainly finished PCI standard in the pcmcia interface, realizes function and the control of PCI, comprises the control etc. of selection, data transmission procedure and state of explanation, address and data of control, the order in pci interface space.

Register and control module, control comprise that mainly address resolution, reading and writing data, initialization, parameter are to the control of other module etc.

The Data Transmission Controlling mould judges and initiation data PCI transmission course that notice relevant hardware and impact damper are prepared this, controls corresponding PCI hardware and carries out correct address date selection.

The interrupt control module, the parameter according to the number of times of input data transmission and output data transmission and relevant control register produces interruption after finishing certain data transmission, notify that related software carries out the record analysis processing to data in the computing machine.

Computer Interface Module is finished the direct-connected buffering with computing machine.

Energy supply control module is changed out other direct supply that various chips require from the single power supply of PCMCIA.

Initialization and programming module are the necessary initializing circuits of FPGA, and it is loaded into the needed relevant configuration information of FPGA in the configuration space of FPGA when powering on, and makes FPGA can realize desired function.

3, by claim 1 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described driver matches with operating system and finishes hardware initialization, equipment is set up, the distribution of interruption, input/output port and each resource of impact damper makes hardware become the addressable equipment of operating system, and to support program and application program as seen, operating system is being found hardware and is beginning to start driver that the driver job step is:

1. at first be that hardware is carried out initialization, Resources allocation and finish system's control structure.

2. next be the distribution of carrying out impact damper, divide to be used in the impact damper of analyzing and taking place.

3. after this resident part of driver is waited for the order that support program is sent.

4. the back that receives orders makes an explanation to it, and resolves into access hardware is operated.

5. require hardware to be visited according to the accessing operation that decomposites by pcmcia interface

Ask.

After initialization is finished, driver is also resident another part, i.e. interrupt response program:

1. receive that interrupt response activates corresponding interrupt response program.

2. share interruption because the PCI standard adopts, at first need to judge the source of interruption.

3. if the interruption that the equipment here produces, then check the state of impact damper.

4. if impact damper has obtained data or needed new data, then the state of impact damper is adjusted.

6. send the request that impact damper need be handled to support software then, handle the data that obtain or new data is provided by support program.

4. by claim 1 described PACMIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described support software comprises analysis and Control module, log file treatment progress module, analyzes data processing process module, hardware parameter setting and acquisition module, and each module job step is as follows: analysis and Control module: analysis and Control:

1. soft, the hardware parameter of initialization is for the input-buffer and the analysis operation of code stream are prepared.

2. distribute the impact damper of analyzing usefulness, analyzing code stream needs bigger impact damper with the buffering code stream

Level and smooth analytic process.

3. set the parameter of hardware, begin to analyze the hardware action of code stream.

4. generate the process that log file is handled, it will be on request with needed bit stream data note

Record in the file.

5. generate the process of analyzing data processing, it will advance the data that obtain from input buffer

Row is handled, and calls the application call back function and carry out the detail analysis processing.Analyze data processing process module:

1. process begins the data processing request of back wait from driver.

2. at first impact damper is put in order, data are moved to file from the data processing impact damper

Handle in the impact damper, change file processing impact damper and data processing impact damper then

State.

3. need be with the request of sending written document during data recording in the file processing impact damper.

4. need be to the further analyzing and processing of bit stream data, the invokes application call back function carries out

Handle.

5. put impact damper at last in order, the impact damper of handling is cleaned out, be used for the slow of new data

Dash.Hardware parameter is provided with acquisition module:

1. the function and the requirement of at first application being called analyzed.

2. calculate relevant parameter according to required function.

3. select the register relevant with requiring function.

4. according to the analog value of the property calculation register of parameter and related register.

5. open equipment, prepare to carry out hardware operation.

6. call driver is carried out the read-write of register.

7. return the register value that reads.

8 information parameter values according to the understanding of register value calculating needs.

5. by claim 1 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described application software comprises MPEG code stream real-time analysis software and MPEG code stream off-line analysis software, wherein:

MPEG code stream real-time analysis software, at first obtain system's control by the bottom hardware module, start-up routine view then, create each function pages, the program view framework comprises toolbar and menu bar, tree framework, real-time analysis framework, pcr analysis framework, program analytical framework, tabular analysis framework, Buffer analytical framework, hardware analysis framework; Wherein system is provided with the job step of modular program and is:

(1). system is provided with module after startup, creates that at first dialog box being set;

(2). the Set For Current parameter of reading system also shows;

(3). the user can be provided with at each and select to meet the option that oneself requires on button

(also can just check, not elect);

(4). after finishing (3) step, the user selects whether to agree that existing parameter establishes

Put, if disagree with then inquire the parameter setting that whether logs off, if do not withdraw from then

Return step (3), otherwise withdraw from setting;

(5) if. in step (4), select to agree existing parameter setting, then will establish

Put parameter input system nucleus module, and the setting that logs off;

MPEG code stream off-line analysis software at first by the bottom hardware module is

The system control, the start-up routine view is created each function pages then, program view frame

Frame comprises toolbar and menu bar, tree framework, analysis-by-synthesis framework, PCR

Analytical framework, program analytical framework, tabular analysis framework, video analysis framework.

6. by claim 5 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: calling system nucleus module when entering real-time analysis, its job step is:

1. start-up system nucleus module begins to wait for the interrupt call of bottom hardware module;

2. start the bottom hardware module, the bottom hardware module is caught code stream from input signal cable

Data are packed in the impact damper 1 of Installed System Memory, and the data in impact damper 1 are filled up

After, produce system break, the interrupt response function in the calling system nucleus module, and

The address of impact damper, the size and the hardware clock of impact damper are passed to the interrupt response function.

After finishing above step, the bottom hardware module continues to catch bit stream data, and is packed into

In the Installed System Memory impact damper 2, after the data of impact damper 2 are filled up, in the generation system

Disconnected, the interrupt response function of calling system nucleus module, repeating step 2 is up to analysis

System sends the control command that stops to analyze;

3. system core module is after the interrupt call of receiving the bottom hardware module, outage

Response function.The interrupt response function obtains internal memory pointer, the bit stream data of bit stream data

The size of piece and the clock information of system hardware.At first pass through the big subtotal of bit stream data

The bag number of calculation bit stream data and the bag of each packet are long; Respectively each is counted by the bag number

Analyze according to bag;

4. many special information on services forms are arranged in the transport stream of MPEG, and they are distributed in the data stream with the form of bag data.(the Program associationtable: Program Association Table) be the crucial form that produces whole code flow structure of pat table lattice wherein.In step 3,, enter pat table case analysis process at once in case the packet of pat table occurs.

5. in step 3, whether first byte of each packet being analyzed the preceding packet of inspection earlier is sync byte 0 * 47.If not, show that error in data may appear in this packet or data are not synchronous.The fault processing module is sent in error message, and carried out the analysis of next packet; After above step is finished, check the most significant digit (error of transmission zone bit) of second byte in the packet, if " 1 " is then represented to have the error of transmission that can't correct in the packet, the fault processing module is sent in error message, and carried out the analysis of next packet; After above step is finished, whether back 4 (bag continuous counter positions) checking the 4th byte in the packet are continuous counter+1 (0 * f+1=0) of a last identical PID bag, if not, in code stream loss of data or repetition may appear then, the fault processing module is sent in error message, and carried out the analysis of next packet;

6. behind completing steps 5, the header data of each packet is analyzed, checked the clock information that whether has program.If clock information is arranged, then search the program number of this packet correspondence, obtain last clock information according to program number, from the clock information of hardware, search corresponding clock information again, calculate the spacing value and the accuracy value of PCR clock; Result of calculation is sent among the FIFO (impact damper of first in first out), judged whether its spacing value and accuracy value have exceeded the scope that standard allows.If go beyond the scope, then error message is sent into the error message processing module;

7. behind completing steps 6, the PID in the packet header of each packet (Packet ID:13 bit) is taken out, according to the attribute of standard analysis bag data;

8. in step 7,, then take out the form identification code (Table ID) in the packet, carry out the analysis of different forms according to Table ID respectively if the PID of bag belongs to a kind of (PSI-SI form) in the service information table.Wherein, then carry out described step 4, and refresh code flow structure if pat table occurs;

9. in step 7, if the PID of bag belongs to the audio/video flow data, then search this audio/video data and belong to any programs, and from packet, the attribute of audio/video is taken out, put into the data structure of corresponding programme attribute;

10. in step 7, if the PID of bag does not belong to the PID of any prescribed by standard and does not belong to data stream in any program, then the packet of this PID is thought the unspecified PID of code stream, it is listed in do not specify in the PID tabulation, and the error message processing module is sent in error message;

11. in step 1, in case the bottom hardware module is activated, timing is incited somebody to action to the current hardware information data of hardware application by system, and the hardware information that obtains is sent into the hardware information analysis module, and hardware information is shown to the user.

7, by claim 5 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described code stream off-line analysis software, wherein, the job step of file identification program is:

1, the stream file that selection will be analyzed;

2, obtain filename and suffix thereof, and judge whether to be the transport stream suffix, if not, warn then that this stream file of user may not be analyzable transport stream;

3, search sync byte 0X47, write down current location, think its be file begin side-play amount;

4, continue to look into 0X47, if spacing value is write down greater than 188 in the interval of two adjacent 0X47, otherwise current location is the code stream reference position, continues the step poly-4;

5, repeat the step and gather 4, after obtaining 5 continuous spacing values, judge wherein whether there is legal value (whether being 188 or 204 promptly); If exist, then the value of spacing value and file header side-play amount is sent into system core core module, otherwise, then return the step poly-1 and reselect file.

8, by claim 5 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described code stream off-line analysis software, wherein, the program work of file clock recovery module goes on foot to gather and is:

1, obtain the PID of the PCR of program;

2, look for the packet that contains PCR information, write down its position and PCR value;

3, search a back packet that contains PCR information, write down its position and PCR value;

4, judge whether to find 6 PCR bag, or the end of file, as not being to return 3;

5, the PCR bag number pcmum that record finds altogether;

6, from file not tail search the packet that first contains PCR information, write down its position and PCR value;

7, search the packet of the previous PCR of containing information, write down its position and PCR value;

8, find pcmum PCR bag? as not being then to return 7;

9, (the individual PCR of i＜=pcmum) is with afterwards (j＜=pcmum) bit number between the individual PCR and PCR clock interval go out code check with the 27MHZ clock calculation to pcmum-j to calculate forward direction i;

10, judge whether to calculate pcmum code check, as not being to return 9;

11, calculate the error between each code check, remove the code check value of apparent error, correct relatively code check value is averaged;

12, result of calculation is sent into system core module.

9, by claim 5 described PCMCIA MPEG code stream analyzing method and equipment, it is characterized in that: described code stream off-line analysis software, wherein, the job step that audio/video is poured out modular program is:

1, obtain the pid value of audio/video flow, is PES or ES by what select that decision derives; Gather 2 if ES then continues the step, otherwise jump to the step poly-4;

2, what break selection is audio stream or video flowing, if audio stream is then searched first audio frequency head, otherwise, then search first video sequence head, and write down its position, ignore a data of its PES and TS bag, the opening entry valid data;

3, judging whether all derives the data stream in the range of choice, if do not have, continue the step and gather 2, otherwise, then jump to and withdraw from this module;

4, in selectable scope, search the packet that the next one contains the PES head, write down the data length of PES bag;

5, ignore the data that TS wraps, the opening entry valid data are till the ED of a PES;

6, judging whether all derives the PES data in the range of choice, if do not have, continue the step and gather 4, otherwise, withdraw from out this module.

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