CN1373554A

CN1373554A - Energy-saving method and device for motor

Info

Publication number: CN1373554A
Application number: CN02115063A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄国意
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-04-11
Filing date: 2002-04-11
Publication date: 2002-10-09

Abstract

An energy-saving method for motor is characterized by that a controller is connected in the input circuit of motor to regularly and alternatively turn the motor on and off, using the inertia of motor to make its rotation speed basically constant and save electric energy. Its controller is composed of a pulse signal generator, a photoelectric control circuit and a rectifying filter. Its advantages are simple circuit structure and high reliability.

Description

A kind of electrical machine energy-saving method and isolated plant thereof

Affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of electrical machine energy-saving method and isolated plant thereof, belong to motor electronics field of energy-saving technology.

Background technology

In the prior art, electrical consumption a large amount of electric energy.In order to reduce the energy consumption of motor, people take methods such as electric motor starting time-delay or adjustment power input to a machine factor usually.Adopt the energy saver of these methods,, be characterized in being formed by connecting by many group relaies and push-button switch from the bridging type sequence circuit usually by delay control circuit, conversion control circuit, form from the bridging type sequence circuit.Principle is to utilize the time difference that current lead-through is fast and relay release is slow, the contact of realizing relay provides the power supply supply access for its action (adhesive), the normally-closed contact self-sustaining of self after the relay adhesive, normally-closed contact disjunction, make relay break away from former current supply circuit, play buffer action.This invention is owing to be time-delay control element when adopting many group relaies as electric motor starting, relay is a kind of fragile or malfunctioning electronic component, therefore very easily cause the motor can not normal starting and operation, three phase electric machine in this way, when moving, motor also can impact electrical network when undesired, and also may be because the contact point adhesion of relay cause motor to be burnt.

Technology contents

The objective of the invention is for a kind of electrical machine energy-saving method and isolated plant thereof are provided, make the automatic regularly on/off electricity of various alternating current machines, utilize inertia to keep the motor load invariablenes turning speed, thus saves energy.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by taking following measure: a kind of electrical machine energy-saving method, be characterized in: in the motor power input circuit, insert a control device, switch on or off power supply regularly, utilize the inertia of load in rotating, keep the motor speed substantially constant, reach the purpose of saves energy.

A kind of isolated plant of the method for electrical machine energy-saving as previously mentioned, its design feature is: be formed by connecting by pulse signal circuit, photoelectric control circuit and power circuit, the input of pulse signal circuit connects the output of power circuit, the control input end that output connects photoelectric control circuit, and the control end signal output part of photoelectric control circuit is connected on the positive supply input of motor; Pulse signal circuit produces the pulse signal of width and frequency adjustable automatically and is transported to the control end of photoelectric control circuit, controls the energising/outage of motor power by the conducting/disconnection of control photoelectric control circuit.

Purpose of the present invention can also reach by taking following measure:

Pulse signal circuit is formed by connecting by pulse chip IC 4, adjustable resistance RP1, resistance R 1～R3 and capacitor C 4, wherein RP1, R1 and C4 constitute the vibration input that the RC oscillation circuit is connected in IC4, and output, an other end that R2, R3 respectively have an end to be connected to IC4 connect into the short circuit point; Photoelectric control circuit is formed by connecting by be coupled chip IC, controllable silicon SCR, adjustable resistance RP, R, C of photoelectricity, wherein the input of IC connects the short circuit point of aforementioned R2, R3, the output of IC connects the control input end of SCR, SCR is connected in the electric power loop of alternating current machine, and R, C series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR; Power circuit is formed by connecting by transformer L, bridge rectifier VD, capacitor C 1～C3,12V DC voltage-stabilizing chip IC 5.

Pulse signal circuit 1 is formed by connecting by pulse chip IC 4, adjustable resistance RP1, resistance R 1～R3 and capacitor C 4, wherein RP1, R1 and C4 constitute the vibration input that the RC oscillation circuit is connected in IC4, and output, an other end that R2, R3 respectively have an end to be connected to IC4 connect into the short circuit point; Photoelectric control circuit 2 is formed by connecting by photoelectricity coupling chip IC 1～IC3, controllable silicon SCR 1～SCR3, adjustable resistance RP1～RP3, R4～R9, C5～C7, wherein the input of IC1～IC3 connects the short circuit point of aforementioned R2, R3, the output of IC1～IC3 connects the control input end of SCR1～SCR3 respectively, SCR1～SCR3 is connected on respectively in the electric power loop of three phase alternating current motor, R7, C5 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR1, R8, C6 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR2, and R9, C7 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR3; Power circuit is formed by connecting by transformer L, bridge rectifier VD, capacitor C 1～C3,12V DC voltage-stabilizing chip IC 5.

The present invention has following outstanding advantage:

1. owing to be the inertia that utilizes motor load, the moment that disconnects in the motor power loop, it is constant that the running speed of load also can be kept a period of time, therefore, can disconnect the input power supply at this section fully in the period.Need only on/off time scale and the on/off frequency of adjusting power supply according to motor load inertia size, just regularly the power supply of motor is changed between on/off continuously, motor is not catabiotic under the condition of outage; Among the present invention, because bidirectional triode thyristor is connected on the power input of motor, be three times to four times of opening time the turn-on time of power circuit, because the effect of inertia of motor load, so the load motor rotating speed is kept invariable.Satisfy on the one hand the needs that load motor runs well, effective energy savings is killed two birds with one stone on the other hand.

Since pulse signal circuit and photoelectric control circuit mainly be formed by connecting by IC chip and peripheral resistance, electric capacity thereof, there are not elements such as flimsy relay, push-button switch, therefore, can realize step-less adjustment, can regulate the on/off electricity time ratio of photoelectric control circuit easily arbitrarily, have that circuit structure is simple, stable performance, safe and reliable, easy to adjust, the with low cost advantage such as penetration and promotion of being convenient to, be widely used in various types of motors, and good energy-conserving effect.

3. when motor load was big, its inertia was bigger, can suitably improve the on/off frequency of pulse signal, otherwise, as when motor load hour, its inertia is less, can suitably reduce the on/off frequency of pulse signal.

The drawing explanation

Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the electrical schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1.

Fig. 3 is 3 timing charts of output a, b, Q of IC4 among Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the electrical schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 2.

Preferred embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 constitute embodiments of the invention 1.As can be seen from Figure 1, the present invention is formed by connecting by pulse signal circuit 1, photoelectric control circuit 2 and power circuit 3, the input of pulse signal circuit 1 connects the output on rectifying and wave-filtering road 3, the control input end that output connects photoelectric control circuit 2, and the control end signal output part of photoelectric control circuit 2 is connected on the positive supply input of motor M.

As can be seen from Figure 2, that present embodiment is controlled is three phase alternating current motor M, wherein: pulse signal circuit 1 is formed by connecting by pulse chip IC 4, adjustable resistance RP1, resistance R 1～R3 and capacitor C 4, wherein RP1, R1 and C4 constitute the vibration input that the RC oscillation circuit is connected in IC4, and output, an other end that R2, R3 respectively have an end to be connected to IC4 connect into the short circuit point; Photoelectric control circuit 2 is formed by connecting by photoelectricity coupling chip IC 1～IC3, controllable silicon SCR 1～SCR3, adjustable resistance RP1～RP3, R4～R9, C5～C7, wherein the input of IC1～IC3 connects the short circuit point of aforementioned R2, R3, the output of IC1～IC3 connects the control input end of SCR1～SCR3 respectively, SCR1～SCR3 is connected on respectively in the electric power loop of alternating current machine, R7, C5 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR1, R8, C6 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR2, and R9, C7 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR3; Power circuit 3 is formed by connecting by transformer L, bridge rectifier VD, capacitor C 1～C3,12V/ DC voltage-stabilizing chip IC 5.The parameter of each components and parts of present embodiment such as following table 1～table 3.

Table 1

Title	VD1-4	R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8	R9
Title	VD1-4	R1	R2	R3	R4	R5	R6	R7	R8	R9	Model	IN4005	Carbon film	Carbon film	Carbon film	Common	Common	Common	Common	Common	Common
Parameter	400V/20mA	5.6K	200Ω	200Ω	300Ω	300 Ω	300 Ω	300Ω	300Ω	300 Ω	Model	IN4005	Carbon film	Carbon film	Carbon film	Common	Common	Common	Common	Common	Common

Table 2

Title	RP1	RP2	RP3	RP4	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5～C7
Title	RP1	RP2	RP3	RP4	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5～C7	Model	Carbon film	Common	Common	Common	Electrolysis	Common	Common	Terylene	Terylene
Parameter	20K	1M	1M	1M	3300μ /50V	0.33μ /50V	0.1μ /50V	0.1μ /50V	0.1μ/50V?V	Model	Carbon film	Common	Common	Common	Electrolysis	Common	Common	Terylene	Terylene

Table 3

Title	L	SCR	IC1～IC3	IC4	IC5
Title	L	SCR	IC1～IC3	IC4	IC5	Model	Common	KK500	MOC3062	4047	7812
Parameter	20K	400V/500A	600V/5mA	12V	500MA/12V	Model	Common	KK500	MOC3062	4047	7812

Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:

As everyone knows, the motor in the rotation, when unexpected deenergization, because action of inertia, machine shaft also can continue to rotate quite a while T.In general, the size of the length of time T or short-sighted motor load and deciding.If in moment that outage rear motor rotating speed does not obviously weaken energized again, it is constant just to keep motor to reach the original rotating speed of load that is connected with its rotating shaft substantially.

The operation principle of power circuit 3: transformer L is transformed to alternating current (220V or 380V) alternating current of 12V, after the bridge rectifier rectification that D1～D4 forms, become and be the all-wave pulsed dc voltage, through forming comparatively level and smooth direct voltage behind capacitor C 1 ripple, this direct voltage forms stable 12V direct current after voltage stabilizing IC5 voltage stabilizing again.C2, C3 can prevent and eliminate issuable high frequency parasitic oscillation source.

The operation principle of pulse signal circuit 1: pulse signal circuit 1 is made of pulse chip IC 4 and peripheral RC oscillation network thereof, the clock signal of two different in width of the exportable (a) and (b) of the output of IC4, wherein the clock pulse (a) of No. 13 pin outputs is frequency of oscillation F, and the clock pulse (b) of No. 10 pin output is 1/2nd of frequency of oscillation F.Frequency of oscillation F is regulated adjustable resistance RP1 and can be adjusted frequency of oscillation F by the RC oscillation network decision that is connected with 1,2, No. 3 pin.Because the internal structure of IC4 cooperates peripheral oscillation network annexation, T=2.2 conduction time (RP1+R3) the * C4 of No. 13 pin output pulse, can change T by regulating RP1 or the resistance of change R3 or the capacitance of capacitor C 4, the ON time of No. 10 pin is the twice of the ON time of No. 13 pin.In the practical application with No. 13 pin and No. 10 pin short circuit (as the point of the Q among Fig. 1), because the ON time of No. 10 pin is the twice of the ON time of No. 13 pin, therefore, the time of the output pulse that Q is ordered is three times of ON time T of No. 13 pin, thereby the ratio of the on/off time of the output of IC4 is 3: 1.In the present embodiment, be adjusted to 0.75 second the conduction time of Q being ordered by adjustment RP1, and promptly its power-off time is 0.25 second, and its cycle is 1 second, that is to say that Q point on/off electricity once in 1 second time.

The operation principle of photoelectric control circuit 2: the control end of controlling silicon symmetrical switch SCR1, SCR2, SCR3 from the pulse control signal of Q point output by photoelectricity coupling chip IC 1, IC2, IC3 respectively, thereby make controllable silicon SCR1, SCR2, SCR3 conducting and by once in 1 second, the time of conducting is three times of time of ending.Because controllable silicon SCR1, SCR2, SCR3 are connected on the electric power loop of motor, therefore, motor conducting and by once in 1 second, the time of conducting is three times of time of ending.As long as according to the motor load size, regulate the time scale and the on/off frequency of controllable silicon SCR1, SCR2, SCR3 conduction and cut-off, just can keep rotating speed of motor to keep constant substantially, reach purpose of energy saving.Among Fig. 2; controllable silicon SCR1, SCR2, SCR3 two ends are parallel resistor R7, capacitor C 5 combinations, resistance R 8, capacitor C 6 combinations, resistance R 9, capacitor C 7 combinations respectively; constitute overvoltage protection and capacitance-resistance absorption circuit, can effectively protect the controllable silicon that is attached thereto breakdown.

Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 constitute embodiments of the invention 2.As can be seen from Figure 4: the characteristics of present embodiment are: circuit structure is the load motor structure.

Claims

1. an electrical machine energy-saving method is characterized in that: insert a control device in the motor power input circuit, switch on or off power supply regularly, utilize the inertia of load in rotating, keep the motor speed substantially constant, reach the purpose of saves energy.

2. the isolated plant of electrical machine energy-saving method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be formed by connecting by pulse signal circuit (1), photoelectric control circuit (2) and current rectifying and wave filtering circuit (3), the input of pulse signal circuit (1) connects the output on rectifying and wave-filtering road (3), the control input end that output connects photoelectric control circuit (2), and the control end signal output part of photoelectric control circuit (2) is connected on the positive supply input of motor; Pulse signal circuit (1) produces the pulse signal of width and frequency adjustable automatically and is transported to the control end of photoelectric control circuit (2), controls the energising/outage of motor power by the conducting/disconnection of control photoelectric control circuit (2).

3. as the isolated plant of electrical machine energy-saving method as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: pulse signal circuit (1) is formed by connecting by pulse chip IC 4, adjustable resistance RP1, resistance R 1～R3 and capacitor C 4, wherein RP1, R1 and C4 constitute the vibration input that the RC oscillation circuit is connected in IC4, and output, an other end that R2, R3 respectively have an end to be connected to IC4 connect into the short circuit point; Photoelectric control circuit (2) is formed by connecting by photoelectricity coupling chip IC, controllable silicon SCR, adjustable resistance RP, R, C, wherein the input of IC connects the short circuit point of aforementioned R2, R3, the output of IC connects the control input end of SCR, SCR is connected in the electric power loop of alternating current machine, and R, C series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR; Power circuit (3) is formed by connecting by transformer L, bridge rectifier VD, capacitor C 1～C3,12V DC voltage-stabilizing chip IC 5.

4. as the isolated plant of electrical machine energy-saving method as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: pulse signal circuit (1) is formed by connecting by pulse chip IC 4, adjustable resistance RP1, resistance R 1～R3 and capacitor C 4, wherein RP1, R1 and C4 constitute the vibration input that the RC oscillation circuit is connected in IC4, and output, an other end that R2, R3 respectively have an end to be connected to IC4 connect into the short circuit point; Photoelectric control circuit (2) is formed by connecting by photoelectricity coupling chip IC 1～IC3, controllable silicon SCR 1～SCR3, adjustable resistance RP1～RP3, R4～R9, C5～C7, wherein the input of IC1～IC3 connects the short circuit point of aforementioned R2, R3, the output of IC1～IC3 connects the control input end of SCR1～SCR3 respectively, SCR1～SCR3 is connected on respectively in the electric power loop of three phase alternating current motor, R7, C5 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR1, R8, C6 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR2, and R9, C7 series connection also is connected across the two ends of SCR3; Power circuit (3) is formed by connecting by transformer L, bridge rectifier VD, capacitor C 1～C3,12V DC voltage-stabilizing chip IC 5.