CN1369844A - Storage method of solid data integrating shape and physical characteristic - Google Patents
Storage method of solid data integrating shape and physical characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN1369844A CN1369844A CN01144793A CN01144793A CN1369844A CN 1369844 A CN1369844 A CN 1369844A CN 01144793 A CN01144793 A CN 01144793A CN 01144793 A CN01144793 A CN 01144793A CN 1369844 A CN1369844 A CN 1369844A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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Abstract
There is disclosed a method of storing substantial data integrating shape and physical properties comprising an external data input step (A) for inputting external data 12 consisting of boundary data of an object 1, an Octree division step (B) for dividing, by Octree division, the external data into cubical cells 13 which boundary surfaces are orthogonal to each other, and a cell data storage step (C) for storing the values of various physical properties for each of the cells. Furthermore, in the Octree division step (B), each of the divided cells 13 is classified to internal cells 13a located in the interior of the object, external cells 13b in the exterior thereof and boundary cells 13c including boundary surfaces. Thereby, substantial data integrating shape and physical properties can be stored in small storage capacity, whereby it is possible to manage shape, structure, physical-property information, and history of matter in a unified way, and to manage data associated with a series of processes of from design to work, assembly, test and evaluation under the same data, thus enabling the integration of CAD and simulation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solid data of little memory capacity storage integrating shape and physical characteristics, also can make the storage means of the unified solid data of CAD and emulation.
Background technology
In the research and development of tip property, technological development scene, along with its High Level, complicated, certainly lead to huge tentative mistake, improved the risk in the exploitation.With science and technology found a state be China of target as a country, do one's utmost to get rid of these risks, realize that High Level, the efficient activity of performance history innovation are very important.
Now, in the scene of research and development, technological development, CAD (computer-aided design (CAD)), CAM (computer-aided manufacturing), CAE (computer-aided engineering), CAT (computer-aided test) etc. are used separately as the simulation means of design, processing, parsing, test.
According to the present invention, as the C-Simulation of continuous simulation (Coorporative Simulation: considered that cooperation emulation), also the A-CAM (Advanced CAM: CAM) in advance of process, the D-fabncation (Deterministic fabrication: determinacy is made) etc. that obtains very high degree of precision should be widely used.
In above-mentioned existing simulation means,, store data with CSG (constructive solid geometry) or B-rep (boundary representation) as object.
But, in CSG, because object integral body is stored as fine solid modules aggregate, so under the situation of the many simulation means (software etc.) of installation data, can handle huge data,, time consuming problem be arranged also in the parsing even use under the situation of mainframe computer.
In addition, in B-rep,,, but, be not suitable for the problem that distortion is resolved etc. so exist because equally handle the inside of boundary surface so data are few, data volume is little because use the border expressive object.
In addition, in these existing data storage devices, by hot fluid resolve, the solid large deformation is resolved, be linked to be parsing etc. is divided into the grid that is suitable for resolving etc. at every turn, because be suitable for limited factors method etc., so can show its analysis result etc., but be difficult to make CAD and emulation unified, existence can not be managed the problem of each operation such as design, parsing, processing, assembling, test with identical data.
In other words, in current solid/surface-CAD (below be called S-CAD), there is following problem.
(1) data are not passed on, inner map function weak (problem of numerical error and disposal route).
(2) be not directly used in emulation (because do not obtain internal information, so want generating mesh).
(3) can not carry out the research (only being net shape) that CAM processes.
In addition, even also there is following problem in processing.
(1) can not show process (support of roughing or operation design is insufficient).
(2) can not be corresponding to new processing method such as Laser Processing or ultra-sophisticated processing (only cutting, data precision is not enough).
(3) can not select processing method itself (having inner different material behaviors in the complex).
Brief summary of the invention
Create the present invention in order to address the above problem.Promptly, the storage means that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of solid data, can utilize the little memory capacity storage integrating shape and the solid data of physical characteristics, thus, can manage shape, structure, physical characteristic information, the resume of object unifiedly, manage from being designed into the related data of series of processes such as processing, assembling, test, evaluation with identical data, can make CAD and emulation unified.
According to the present invention, the storage means of the solid data of a kind of integrating shape and physical characteristics is provided, it is characterized in that: possess: external data input step (A), input is by the external data (12) of the data boundary formation of object (1), octa-tree segmentation procedure (B) is cut apart by octa-tree, and the said external data are divided into the cubic units vertical with boundary plane (13), with cell data storing step (C), the various physical characteristic values of storage in each unit.
According to most preferred embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), each cellular zone after will cutting apart is divided into internal element (13a) that is positioned at the object inboard and the boundary element (13b) that comprises boundary surface.
In addition, above-mentioned boundary element (13b) can be cut apart by octa-tree again and cut apart, till the boundary shape key element that obtains being contained in the formation boundary surface in the external data can reconstituted abundant cut-out point.
In addition, above-mentioned internal element (13a) has a kind of physical characteristic value as attribute, and boundary element (13b) has two kinds of physical characteristic values in the object inboard and the outside.
In addition, indeclinable constant value and the variate-value that changed by simulation result constitute above-mentioned physical characteristic value by emulation.
In addition, the curved surface data used of the tetrahedron used for expression polyhedral polygon data, limited factors method of said external data (12) or hexahedron key element, three-dimensional CAD or CG instrument or the data that constitute the information sides of other three-dimensional surface by part plane or curved surface.
According to the method for the invention described above, can store external data (12) by the little memory capacity that is divided into the unit layering of the cubic units vertical (13) as external data (12) with boundary plane by octa-tree cutting object (1).In addition, because each unit storage is as the various physical characteristic values of its attribute, so can manage shape, structure, physical characteristic information, the resume of object unifiedly, manage from being designed into the related data of series of processes such as processing, assembling, test, evaluation with identical data, can make CAD and emulation unified.
That is, in the present invention, because object (object) shape not only, and comprise physical attribute and can be stored and show, thus with its individual-layer data as platform, can construct the interfacing of height emulation technology, people and object etc.
Can understand other purpose of the present invention and favorable characteristics by the following explanation of reference accompanying drawing.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of solid data storage means of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the key diagram of the data structure in the inventive method.
Fig. 3 is the figure of expression interpolation curved surface.
Fig. 4 is the mode chart with two-dimensional representation dividing method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the mode chart of each cell attribute of expression the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the figure of the relation of pattern ground expression V-CAD of the present invention and V-CAD data and other simulation means.
Fig. 7 is the mode chart of more existing octa-tree (A) and dividing method of the present invention (B) (revised octa-tree).
The explanation of most preferred embodiment
Most preferred embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of solid data storage means of the present invention.As shown in the figure, method of the present invention is made of external data input step (A), octa-tree segmentation procedure (B) and cell data storing step (C).Externally in the data input step (A), in the computing machine of storage the inventive method etc., import data externally and obtain the external data 12 that the data boundary by object 1 obtained among the step S1 constitutes.In octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), cut apart by octa-tree external data 12 is divided into the vertical cubic units of boundary plane 13.In cell data storing step (C), the various physical characteristic values of storage in each unit.Below, the data of the inventive method are called " V-CAD data ", will be called " volume CAD " or " V-CAD " with the emulation of this design data.
As shown in Figure 1, in the step S2 that constitutes the inventive method, repeat octa-tree segmentation procedure (B) in case of necessity.In addition, use V-CAD data 14, by step S3 in proper order for example design, resolve, process, assemble, emulation such as test, output these data (for example as CAM or polygon data) in output step S4.
Curved surface data that the tetrahedron of using for the polyhedral polygon data of expression, limited factors method from the external data 12 of outside input or hexahedron key element, three-dimensional CAD or CG instrument are used or the data that constitute the information sides of other three-dimensional surface by part plane or curved surface.
Fig. 2 is the key diagram of the data structure in the inventive method.In above-mentioned octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), the octa-tree of revising (octa-tree, space segmentation Octree).So-called octa-tree performance, be the space segmentation of octa-tree will comprise purpose solid (object), carry out eight parts as the cube 13 of benchmark and cut apart (A), solid is contained in each zone fully, or recursively repeats eight parts of dividing processing before not comprising becoming by (B), (C), (D).Cut apart by this octa-tree, compare, can significantly reduce data volume with the performance of Bock (ボ Network) unit.
An area of space that is divided into by the octa-tree space segmentation is called unit 13.The unit is the vertical cube of boundary plane.By the hierarchy of unit, cut apart quantity or resolution comes shared zone in the expressive space.Thus, in the integral body of space, object shows as the overlapping of the unit that varies in size.
That is, in octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), border and the internal physical characteristic solid data 14 (V-CAD data) below external data 12 is transformed to.Data boundary is similar to closely in the tolerance (to position, wiring, normal, curvature and be adjacent the continuity specified threshold value of part) of (if for example plane, then can be reconstructed closely by three points that comprise) or appointment.
Fig. 3 is the example of interpolation curved surface.Even the particular case of the interpolation curved surface also spendable contour surface that is Marching Cube.In the present invention, must can show by the cut-out point on crest line, and satisfy normal, cut apart again after the principal curvatures continuity.In the contour surface that uses in Marching Cube, MC1 shown in Figure 3, MC2, MC5, MC8, MC9 are applicable to the present invention.
In addition, tightly show quadric surface, free form surface is approximate by plane or quadric unit negative camber, thus, only preserves own quantity how much.
Fig. 4 is the mode chart with two-dimensional representation dividing method of the present invention.In the present invention, in above-mentioned octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), each unit 13 after will cutting apart is divided into the internal element 13a that is positioned at the object inboard and is comprised the boundary element 13b of boundary surface.
Promptly, in the present invention, in order to show boundary element 13b, use the octa-tree of revising, be contained in inner unit fully and be made of the internal element 13a (cube) with its largest amount, the unit that comprises from the boundary information of external data 12 constitutes boundary element 13b.Each boundary element 13b under three-dimensional by 12, under two dimension, replaced closely or approx by the cut-out point 15 on 4 crest lines (among the figure with white circle expression).
Before the abundant cut-out point 15 of the boundary shape key element that obtains reconstructing the formation border that is contained in the external data 12 (in analytic surfaces such as plane, quadric surface closely, in approx) by the boundary shape key element that other free form surface or discrete point group showed, octa-tree partitioning boundary unit 13b.
For example, an if line, two points thereon on the throne become before the cut-out point 15 on the unit crest line, if plane, then before three points become cut-out point, if quafric curve, then before three points become cut-out point, if quadric surface, then before four points become cut-out point, for each following polynomial surface, rational expression curved surface, externally under the known situation of the performance formula of data, before being found between the scope of the unit crest line of very necessary point and definition, eight partition spaces hierarchically.
That is, in the part of the border, position (surface) cut apart again, satisfy specify resolution before, or the rate of change of the analysis result value (stress, distortion, pressure, flow velocity etc.) that has of each unit carries out before surpassing assign thresholds.
In addition, in a plurality of angle points 16 that comprise the boundary element 13b of boundary shape key element (among the figure with black circle expression), (has sufficient cut-out point in reconstructing because inner boundary can be shown as indirectly the boundary element of adjacency, cut apart till the key element of complete cross-section border) the border intersection that showed of the cut-out point 15 that keeps, so unnecessary carrying out above cutting apart.
Therefore, V-CAD data 14 are as the information of the relevant shape of unit storage inside, according to the number of the point of cutting apart number or resolution, expression adjacent unit of level of detail in the index of expression cell position, the expression layering, cut-out point and coordinate figure etc. and purposes, as normal or curvature etc.
Nodal information or end value are remained in the orlop as V-CAD with Euler (Euler) form.Definite method of the continuity of definition boundary position, normal, line and the threshold value (tolerance) relevant with each automatic continuity of curvature makes the minimal decomposition when cutting apart again can become maximum.
Fig. 5 is the mode chart of each cell attribute of expression the present invention.Above-mentioned internal element 13a has a kind of physical characteristic value as attribute, and boundary element 13b has two kinds of physical characteristic values in the inboard and the outside of object.
That is,, but still have space cell (fluid usefulness, Euler) and movement and deformation unit (solid usefulness, Lagrange (Lagrange)) these two kinds respectively relatively though each unit is divided into internal element 13a, boundary element 13b.In V-CAD, only boundary element 13b has double property value.
As A-stage be fixed in have living space in (world) spatial flow body unit (Euler's mesh) but will become the movement and deformation unit (Lagrangian mesh) that moves freely distortion for solid in each emulation of C-Simulation.A simulation result is recalled in the V-CAD, enter in the static world.At this moment, boundary information can be set resolution again.In order to cut apart/grow again the object unit after being out of shape at interval again, hexahedral two-way drawing after preparation extremely is out of shape from vertical parameter space, not rely on the object unit of coordinate system, moving up and down in parameter space (vertical octa-tree space) of layering carried out, and draws again.When reading, be necessary corresponding to space cell (index in the space).Therefore, Lagrange will become certain dual structure in Euler.
Have by size these two kinds of the variate-values that constant constant value of the value of giving at first of dividing and simulation result intermediate value change in the physical characteristic value of each unit.
Example as constant value, for example material behavior (elasticity coefficient (Young modulus, yield value), N value (drawing numbers during plastic yield), tensile strength, Poisson ratio (cutting off hardness), temperature, process velocity), friction characteristics are (as the characteristic of lubricant, viscosity is sheared coefficient of friction, coulomb friction), processing (border) condition (motion-vector of instrument, cooling velocity) etc.
As the example of variate-value, for example in each unit stress (symmetric tensor (6 variablees)) and the distortion (symmetric tensor (6 variablees) etc., and flow velocity or pressure, temperature etc.In simulation process, when the variate-value that surpasses permissible value that produces prior appointment between the adjacent internal element poor, differ from permissible value with before interior at this, cut apart again automatically according to above-mentioned octa-tree.
(method of determining automatically of resolution)
At determining automatically in the method for resolution, except that the method for having stated according to the difference between the adjacent unit of the restriction of shape or physical characteristic value, also can restrict by the restriction of determining storer or computing time and the absolute precision (stopping to cut apart when for example cell width is 1 μ m) of appointment in advance, as long as satisfy in all these restrictions, just stop eight of space and cut apart.So, can show as and have essential minimal resolution (level of detail), can install more realistically.
(methods of applying flexibly of V-CAD data)
Fig. 6 is the figure of the relation of pattern ground expression V-CAD of the present invention and V-CAD data and V-interface, S-CAD, A-CAM, D-fabrication, C-simulation.
The shape definition of the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape of the present invention and physical characteristics in the design of S-CAD etc., change, demonstration, maintenance, research, the evaluation, also as the solid structure among the C-simulation etc. resolve, large deformation resolves (just plasticity and elastoplasticity are resolved), hot fluid resolve, the flow data of input, output and centre of parsings/emulation such as parsings and shows.In addition, can be used for the data generation of removing processing, additional processing, deformation processing, parsing among A-CAM, the D-fabrication, visual, comparative evaluation, and the data formation of surface or inner mensuration, measurement, maintenance as a result, demonstration, various parsing or with the comparative evaluation of process data.As display packing, two kinds of schematic surface and volume synoptic diagram are arranged.
Table 1 is the table of comparison S-CAD and V-CAD of the present invention.From this table as can be known, V-CAD of the present invention is better than S-CAD in many aspects.
[table 1]
Phasic property with emulation | Phasic property with processing | Data stability | Operability | Precision | Circulation | |
The S-CAD system | * (grid rise time result's handing-over *) | △ (acceptance * geological informations of data) | * (conversion is weak) | △ (wanting skilled) | △ (wanting the time) | ○ |
The V-CAD system | Zero (intrinsic) | ○ | Zero (can repeatedly repair) | △ (exploitation problem) | Zero (multiple resolution) | Differential, sharpening |
Fig. 7 is the two-dimensional model figure the same with Fig. 4 of more existing octa-tree (A) and dividing method of the present invention (revised octa-tree).In the figure, be the example of common octa-tree (Octree) (A), (B) be the example of correction octa-tree of the present invention.In this example, the situation of thorny thin plate (the some part of loosing) is cut apart in expression by this space segmentation method of Octree.
As can be seen from Figure 5, in correction octa-tree of the present invention (B), because construct with the surface of cut-out point, so compare with common octa-tree (A), cutting apart of carrying out is few again.
The storage means of the solid data of integrating shape of the present invention and physical characteristics promptly reaches integrated as the CAD of instrument of design usefulness and emulation by V-CAD and V-CAD data.In addition, also can be integrated with as the CAM of machining tool.And, generally speaking, each shape and physical characteristics as the practicality, novelty of the monitoring gimmick of performance real world objects in computing machine before unified show as " object (solid data) " with " object ", have the expansionary of the unification of getting in touch artifact and natural thing.
As mentioned above, use instrument as design, though solid CAD becomes main flow, volume CAD will become the design basis in next epoch.By volume CAD, can make CAD and emulation unified fully, available identical data are managed each operation such as design, parsing, processing, assembling, test.In addition, in design, resolving, not only culture also can be obtained this natural thing of human body, and former state obtains the nature thing.
Therefore, the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape of the present invention and physical characteristics can little memory capacity be stored the solid data of integrating shape and physical characteristics, thus, can manage shape, structure, physical characteristic information, the resume of object unifiedly, with identical data management from being designed into the related data of series of processes such as processing, assembling, test, evaluation, have can unified CAD and emulation etc. optimize effect.
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned example and embodiment, much less, in the scope that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, can carry out various changes.For example, removable electrode of the present invention is not limited to electrolysis overlayer shown in Figure 1 and grinds and cut usefulness, also grinds to cut applicable to the electrolysis overlayer and uses all electrodes.
Claims (6)
1. the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape and physical characteristics, it is characterized in that: possess: external data input step (A), input is by the external data (12) of the data boundary formation of object (1), octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), cut apart by octa-tree, described external data is divided into cubic units vertical with boundary plane (13) and cell data storing step (C), the various physical characteristic values of storage in each unit.
2. the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape according to claim 1 and physical characteristics, it is characterized in that: in described octa-tree segmentation procedure (B), each cellular zone after will cutting apart is divided into internal element (13a) that is positioned at the object inboard and the boundary element (13b) that comprises boundary surface.
3. the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape according to claim 2 and physical characteristics, it is characterized in that: described boundary element (13b) can be cut apart by octa-tree again and cut apart, till the boundary shape key element that obtains being contained in the formation boundary surface in the external data can reconstituted abundant cut-out point.
4. the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape according to claim 2 and physical characteristics, it is characterized in that: described internal element (13a) has a kind of physical characteristic value as attribute, and boundary element (13b) has two kinds of physical characteristic values in the object inboard and the outside.
5. the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape according to claim 1 and physical characteristics is characterized in that: indeclinable constant value and the variate-value that changed by simulation result constitute described physical characteristic value by emulation.
6. the storage means of the solid data of integrating shape according to claim 1 and physical characteristics is characterized in that: curved surface data that the tetrahedron that described external data (12) is used for expression polyhedral polygon data, limited factors method or hexahedron key element, three-dimensional CAD or CG instrument are used or the data that are made of the information performance of other three-dimensional surface part plane or curved surface.
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JP2001025023A JP3468464B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2001-02-01 | Volume data generation method integrating shape and physical properties |
JP25023/01 | 2001-02-01 |
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JP7244682B1 (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2023-03-22 | サイバネットシステム株式会社 | Information processing device, information processing method and information processing program |
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US4694404A (en) | 1984-01-12 | 1987-09-15 | Key Bank N.A. | High-speed image generation of complex solid objects using octree encoding |
US5197013A (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1993-03-23 | David M. Dundorf | Method of forming a carved sign using an axially rotating carving tool |
US5517602A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1996-05-14 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and apparatus for generating a topologically consistent visual representation of a three dimensional surface |
US6075538A (en) * | 1996-07-25 | 2000-06-13 | Institute Of High Performance Computing | Time and space efficient data structure and method and apparatus for using the same for surface rendering |
JP3468464B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2003-11-17 | 理化学研究所 | Volume data generation method integrating shape and physical properties |
CN1459082A (en) * | 2001-03-12 | 2003-11-26 | 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 | Generation of three-dimensional representation from images using octrees |
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- 2001-12-27 CN CNB011447931A patent/CN1248140C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
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CN102841848A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2012-12-26 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Method for storing data in memory |
CN102841848B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2017-07-07 | 现代自动车株式会社 | The method of data storage in memory |
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EP1229463A3 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
EP1229463A2 (en) | 2002-08-07 |
US7088363B2 (en) | 2006-08-08 |
US20020135577A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
JP3468464B2 (en) | 2003-11-17 |
JP2002230054A (en) | 2002-08-16 |
CN1248140C (en) | 2006-03-29 |
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