CN1368599A - Aluminium piston of IC engine and its casting method - Google Patents
Aluminium piston of IC engine and its casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1368599A CN1368599A CN 02113974 CN02113974A CN1368599A CN 1368599 A CN1368599 A CN 1368599A CN 02113974 CN02113974 CN 02113974 CN 02113974 A CN02113974 A CN 02113974A CN 1368599 A CN1368599 A CN 1368599A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/02—Light metals
- F05C2201/021—Aluminium
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminium piston of internal-combustion engine. Assembling part is made of aluminium alloy material inserted in head part, grooved part and upper part of pinhole seat of piston. The assembling part and piston are die cast as an integral part. The assembling part acts as a uniform contracting element that makes entities with larger thickness such as head part, grooved part and upper part of pinhole seat of piston delaminate or thinning down when die-casting. Thus the thickness of cross section of above said parts is close to the thickness of wall thickness of piston skirt so that when die-casting, each cross section of the integral piston is solidified nearly at same time. The characteristics of the casting method are that each piston is shaped by two times of die-casting i.e. first is to cast the uniform contracting elements, second is to cast integrated piston. The invented method has advantages of good heat conductivity, high integral strength, good wear-resistance, long service life, lower cost and high production efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine (reciprocating type) aluminium piston and casting method.
Background technique
Along with improving constantly of engine performances such as Hyundai Motor motor, its piston substitutes cast-iron piston by the aluminium piston basically, makes the heat-conducting property of piston and inertia loading that very big improvement arranged.But closely during the last ten years, along with motor is continually strengthened, the heat load that aluminium piston of IC engine bears is more and more big, and is more and more high to the requirements such as thermal conductivity, hot strength and wear resistance of aluminium piston.And the performance of the aluminium piston of prior art is still less than being enough to requirement.In actual motion, sometimes owing to the heat that piston absorbed has little time to spread out of, thereby cause that the piston hot strength descends, machine oil is at annular groove and piston head knot carbon, make ring sticking and destroy the normal matching gap of piston and cylinder, sometimes even faults such as scuffing of cylinder bore and piston hot tearing take place, directly influence the raising of engine performance and the prolongation in machine working life.
The reason that produces above problem is that the aluminium piston of prior art all adopts gravity casting to form, because aluminum alloy is when gravity casting, its liquid contour projector, crystallization contour projector and Solid State Contraction amount are all very big, and aluminum alloy the easiest absorption air and hydrogen when liquid state, so, the piston of gravity casting contains shrinkage cavity, spongy pin hole and pore etc., and this just makes that heat-conducting property, intensity and the wear-resisting property of piston are all relatively poor.
In recent years, some motor car engine MANUFACTURER of developed countries such as America and Europe are in order to improve the technical performance of aluminium piston, remedy the defective of gravity casting technology with the way of improving the aluminum alloy chemically element, though make the piston performance that raising be arranged slightly, but can not be from fine dealing with problems on the piston matrix, so the performance of its piston requires still to differ greatly from ideal.
Heat-conducting property for fine solution piston, the problem of intensity and wear resistance, domestic and international many experts, scholar and engineers and technicians once attempted to carry out with liquid aluminium alloy the method for die casting or extruding and came cast pistons, want to improve piston intensity so as to reaching, the purpose of technical performance such as heat-conducting property and wear resistance, and done a large amount of tests for this reason.But only adapt to that to produce a wall thickness is the aluminum alloy part of 3～16mm because the process characteristic of die casting or extruding is general, and each section thickness ratio of part generally is no more than 2.5 times, and maximum ga(u)ge generally is no more than 16mm.But the section of the head of existing aluminium piston of IC engine such as ordinary diesel oil machine piston, supercharged diesel engine piston and piston of gasoline engine, slot part and pin-and-hole seat top (comprises transverse section and longitudinal plane, down with) thickness is generally all considerably beyond 16mm, and the section thickness of head, slot part and pin-and-hole seat top is all considerably beyond 2.5 times of skirt section wall thickness.Liquation is subjected to high pressure effect rate of cooling very fast in pressing mold, but because the section thickness and the skirt section wall thickness of head, slot part and pin-and-hole seat top differ too big, makes that each section of piston can not more approaching cooling simultaneously.Like this, the piston shrinkage cavity of casting with above die casting or extrusion process is bigger, and it is more remarkable that its casting defect force of gravity is cast, till settled the present, long time test with die casting or squeeze casting Al piston is still unsuccessful, so still adopt gravity casting aluminium piston technology all over the world so far.In other words, aluminium piston heat-conducting property, bulk strength and wear-resisting property do not obtain very big improving so far all the time.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of good heat conductivity, bulk strength height and wear-resisting property good, thereby improve engine performance and the aluminium piston that prolongs its working life comprehensively.And the casting method of this aluminium piston is provided, adopt this casting method not only can obtain this piston, and its casting cost is low, manufacturing efficiency is high.
Technical solution of the present invention is, a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine with following structure is provided, and it comprises piston crown, slot part, pin-and-hole seat and piston skirt.The characteristics of this piston are, above piston crown, slot part and pin-and-hole seat or only stud with the builtup member of aluminum alloy material at piston crown, builtup member and piston die casting are assembled into an integral body.
Described builtup member can be divided into the part and be used for oil pocket lid of supercharged diesel engine piston etc. of all contracting that is used for ordinary diesel oil machine piston, piston of gasoline engine.
The effect of inlaying the part that all contracts is entity layering or the attenuate that makes big thickness place such as piston crown, slot part and pin-and-hole seat top, makes that its section thickness and piston skirt wall thickness are approaching to be equated, and then makes each section of piston more approach to solidify simultaneously when die casting.
The effect of inlaying the oil pocket lid is to make piston meet the physical dimension of design and make to form inner-cooling oil recess in the slot part.Because the supercharged diesel engine piston will reach each section near equal, the approaching effect of solidifying simultaneously of each section, the part that also must use all contracts, part is not assembled into one with the piston of die casting but this all contracts, but only participates in die casting, treat promptly to take out after piston solidifies, change behind the heart mould die casting oil pocket lid again.The effect of the part that all contracts of this supercharged diesel engine piston can also form inner-cooling oil recess in the piston slot part except that identical with the part effect of all contracting of above-mentioned ordinary diesel oil machine piston and piston of gasoline engine.
Technical solution of the present invention also comprises, the casting method of this aluminium piston of IC engine is provided, comprise cover half, the dynamic model that installs the band cooling system and set one's heart mould and following heart mould, the molten aluminium alloy that with temperature is 630～650 ℃ then pours in the transfer mold, in specific pressure die casting under the pressure of 45～60MPa, tempering after the demoulding.The characteristics of this method are, each piston is die cast at twice all, promptly before routine dress mould, and first die casting or make the part that all contracts, the part that will all contract then is assembled in the corresponding piston transfer mold.
The described die casting part that well all contracts can be the firing chamber of the good ordinary diesel oil machine of the die casting piston annular of part or the good piston of gasoline engine of the die casting part that all contracts that all contracts.Described assembling can be make earlier band install combustion chamber all contract part false boss set one's heart mould, or make band install annular all contract part technology groove set one's heart mould, the part that will all contract again is installed on respectively in the corresponding transfer mold.
The described part that all contracts of making can be the part that all contracts of setting one's heart one of mould usefulness do die casting of making the supercharged diesel engine piston, and its adopts heated die steel processing and fabricating to form.Described assembling refers to that all contract part and following heart mould and cover half, the dynamic model that will make to set one's heart one of mould assemble together.After this charged piston is the pressure die casting of 45～60MPa with specific pressure, also comprise following operation: after 30 seconds of pressurize, extract the part that all contracts, side internal surface on oil pocket top rolls circle " V " shape groove, again Nacl (Nacl) powder that dries is tightened in oil pocket, lay down the vexed plug in the cover half then, changing another that the cast passage is arranged in bottom no protruding circle and the loam cake and set one's heart mould, is the pressure die casting of the 55～60MPa oil pocket lid that goes out piston crown (then the supercharged diesel engine piston that covers of the band oil pocket assembled of die casting) with specific pressure.
This casting method has saved traditional quenching process of prior art, and speed is put the piston (this moment, piston self temperature also had 180 ℃～200 ℃) of the firm demoulding in the tempering furnace into, only need heat slightly, makes foundry goods carry out temper under 260～280 ℃ of temperature.
The core of the technology of the present invention solution is, the utilization part that all contracts makes piston thickness big layering of entity place or attenuate, and each section thickness of piston and then makes each section of piston more approach to solidify simultaneously when die casting near equating when making die casting.
After adopting above structure and casting method, the piston and the casting method of die casting assembling of the present invention have following advantage:
(1) the intensity height, hardness is good, rigidity is strong.This built-up piston is in press casting procedure, because each section thickness of piston is more or less the same, simultaneously, molten aluminium alloy in the mould is applied very high impacting force, the crystallization under high pressure of the molten aluminium alloy in the transfer mold, and very fast cooling and more approach to solidify simultaneously, make the whole metallographic structure of piston evenly fine and closely woven, strengthen constituent element in the liquation and dissolved in solid solution most, so the spongy pin hole in no any part, dispersion or concentrated hole etc. are cast defect, its intensity height, hardness is good, rigidity is also strong.Simultaneously, under the die casting condition, bonding strength is high each other to be all the piston matrix of aluminum alloy material and builtup member (part and oil pocket lid all contracts), and its whole intensity safe in utilization is considerably beyond the piston of prior art gravity casting.
NBS " internal-combustion engine casting aluminium piston metallographic test (GB3808-83) " is divided into 6 grades with metallographic macroscopic structure.Present gravity casting piston can only reach more than 4 grades.Require the room temperature tensile strength 〉=196MPa of eutectic aluminum alloy in the GB " aluminium piston of IC engine technical specifications (GB/T1148-93) ", hardness reaches HBS95～130, and the tensile strength in the time of 300 ℃ reaches 69MPa.Because the piston crystalline structure of this die casting assembling is tight, cast properties is improved, the technical parameters such as intensity that obtain in the sample coupon detection according to other die castingss all surpass a lot of situation of above index again.Can estimate and calculate: this die casting built-up piston metallographic macroscopic structure can reach more than 2 grades, and room temperature tensile strength can reach more than the 245MPa, and the tensile strength when hardness can reach HBS110～140,300 ℃ can reach more than the 84MPa.These indexs are that the existing piston institute of current gravity casting is inaccessiable.
(2) good heat conductivity.Because the crystalline structure of the piston of die casting assembling is evenly tight, so the existing piston of piston conduction force of gravity casting of heat in working order the time is faster.And then self temperature that has guaranteed under the hot operation state this piston is no more than 230 ℃ (existing piston is 250～350 ℃), thereby make this piston under high temperature condition, also can keep enough intensity, hardness and rigidity, also can faults such as scuffing of cylinder bore and piston hot tearing not take place because of thermal expansion etc.Piston of the present invention especially is suitable for the technical requirements of diesel engine high heat load to piston of high-speed enhanced motor such as automobile car.
(3) wear resistance is good.The piston of this die casting assembling, self temperature is not high under the hot operation state, heat expansion amount and amount of deformation are all little, and keep enough intensity, so, the normal matching gap that has kept piston and cylinder sleeve and piston ring, the lubricant oil mould is evenly distributed, and annular groove and piston head be difficult for to produce knot carbon, and internal-combustion engine can be not therefore and spontaneous combustion is prominent quick-fried, piston and cylinder sleeve keep excellent sealing, and piston, casing wall, piston ring wear and tear very little each other.So its power performance is good, thereby has improved the performance of internal-combustion engine comprehensively and prolonged working life of machine.
(4) material and casting cost are low.Because horizontal stroke, the sprue cross section of this die casting pouring system are little, do not need cast gate and rising head again, the general expenses such as aluminium scaling loss, combustion source, manpower, equipment and smelting agent of its aluminium repetition melting have therefore been saved.This die casting built-up piston belongs to precision casting, and its finish allowance is few, and its processing charges is also few relatively.Also have, this piston saves traditional Quenching Treatment operation, has also further saved expenses such as water power, manpower and equipment.In sum, the cost of material of this die casting built-up piston and casting cost all are lower than gravity casting piston (piston of each 1 kilogram weight reduces 6.80 yuan of expenses approximately).
(5) manufacturing efficiency improves.Because the pouring system force of gravity pouring system of die casting built-up piston of the present invention is much smaller, add that allowance for machining seldom, particularly in this press casting procedure, can realize two of moulds or four foundry goods, and matched moulds, die sinking, dress heart mould in die casting operation, take out heart mould and cast liquation etc., can realize mechanization or automation, no longer carry out traditional Quenching Treatment, so its manufacturing efficiency significantly improves in addition.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the ordinary diesel oil internal combustion engine longitudinal sectional view of prior art.
Fig. 2 is the supercharged diesel internal combustion engine longitudinal sectional view of prior art.
Fig. 3 is the gasoline engine piston longitudinal sectional view of prior art.
Fig. 4 is the longitudinal sectional view of the ordinary diesel oil machine piston of this die casting assembling.
Fig. 5 is the longitudinal sectional view of the supercharged diesel engine piston of this die casting assembling.
Fig. 6 is the longitudinal sectional view of the piston of gasoline engine of this die casting assembling.
Fig. 7 a is this ordinary diesel oil machine firing chamber part plan view that all contracts.
Fig. 7 b is the sectional view of Fig. 7 a along the A-A line.
Fig. 7 c is the plan view of Fig. 7 a.
Fig. 8 a is all the contract plan view of part of the annular of this petrol engine.
Fig. 8 b is the left view of Fig. 8 a.
Fig. 9 a sets one's heart the mould plan view for this ordinary diesel oil internal combustion engine transfer mold.
Fig. 9 b is the sectional view of Fig. 9 a along the A-A line.
Figure 10 a is the longitudinal section of this gasoline engine piston and transfer mold.
Figure 11 is the longitudinal section of this ordinary diesel oil machine piston and transfer mold.
Figure 12 a is all the contract plan view of part (setting one's heart one of mould) of the annular groove of this supercharged diesel engine piston.
Figure 12 b is the sectional view of Figure 12 a along the A-A line.
Figure 13 a sets one's heart two plan view of mould for this supercharged diesel engine piston.
Figure 13 b is the sectional view of Figure 13 a along the B-B line.
Figure 14 a is this supercharged diesel engine piston and the longitudinal section of assembling the transfer mold when all contracting part (setting one's heart one of mould).
Figure 14 b is this supercharged diesel engine piston and the longitudinal section of loading onto 2 o'clock the transfer mold of setting one's heart mould.
Figure 10 b is the sectional view of Figure 10 a along the H-H line.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the internal-combustion engine of prior art (reciprocating type) aluminium piston comprises piston crown 33, piston slot part 34, piston-pin boss 3 and piston skirt 35 etc.Representative have following three kinds of structural types.Fig. 1 is an ordinary diesel oil machine piston, top combuster 2, for head 33, slot part 34 and the structure of pin-and-hole seat top 36 and the needs of intensity, (this three is as a whole at this for its head 33, slot part 34 and pin-and-hole seat top 36, section down together) (comprises transverse section and longitudinal plane, thickness down together) is 5～7 times of skirt section 35 (referring generally to 1/2nd places in skirt section, down together) wall thickness.Fig. 2 is the supercharged diesel engine piston, and it has inner-cooling oil recess 30 in order to accelerating the cooling effect of piston crown and slot part, but the thickness of its head, slot part and piston-pin boss top section also is 5～7 times of wall thickness in skirt section.Fig. 3 is the gasoline engine piston, and the section thickness of its head 33, slot part 34 and pin-and-hole seat top 36 generally is 3.5～5 times of wall thickness in skirt section 35.
As Fig. 4, Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, aluminium piston of IC engine of the present invention is on the basis of above prior art piston, 36 builtup membeies 1,16,29 that stud with aluminum alloy material above piston crown 33, slot part 34 and pin-and-hole seat, builtup member 1,16,29 and piston die casting are assembled into as a whole.
Described builtup member can be to inlay the part 1 that all contracts that is assembled in die casting assembling ordinary diesel oil machine piston crown 33, slot part 34 and pin-and-hole seat top 36, also can be to inlay the annular that is assembled in die casting assembling piston of gasoline engine head 33, slot part 34 and pin-and-hole seat top 36 part 29 that all contracts.They are packed in the transfer mold and make piston crown 33, slot part 34 and the big entity place section layering (seeing Fig. 5, Fig. 6) of pin-and-hole seat top 36 equal thickness or attenuate (see figure 4).Piston crown 33, slot part 34 and pin-and-hole seat top 36 section thicknesses are equated with skirt section (longitudinal plane) wall thickness is approaching, even piston 9 when die casting each section thickness near equating that (reference that provides by the die casting handbook: extrusion process adapts to that to produce section thickness be the aluminum alloy part of 3～16mm, each section thickness ratio of its part generally is no more than 2.5 times, and maximum ga(u)ge generally is no more than 16mm.all the contract skirt section wall thickness of piston of gasoline engine of part of annular that has as present embodiment can be 5.5mm, and the inside and outside both sides wall thickness of the part that all contracts of head, slot part and pin-and-hole seat top can be respectively 12～15mm).And then when die casting, make each section of piston more approach to solidify simultaneously (from those of ordinary skills' basic general knowledge as can be known, theoretically,, can not reach the effect that each section solidifies fully simultaneously) even the thickness of each section is equal fully.These the two kinds parts 1,29 that all contract all adopt aluminum alloy material die casting in advance, also all are assembled into integral body with the die casting of die casting piston.
Described builtup member is also inlayed the oil pocket lid 16 that is assembled in die casting supercharged diesel engine piston crown.Its effect is to make piston meet the physical dimension of design and make to form inner-cooling oil recess 17 in the slot part.Because the supercharged diesel engine piston will reach each section thickness near equal, the approaching effect of solidifying simultaneously of each section, part also must use all contracts, part is not assembled into one with the piston of die casting but this all contracts, but only participate in die casting, treat promptly to take out after piston solidifies, change behind the heart mould die casting oil pocket lid (describing in detail below the manufacturing process) again.The effect of the part that all contracts of this supercharged diesel engine piston can also form inner-cooling oil recess 17 in the piston slot part except that identical with the part effect of all contracting of above-mentioned ordinary diesel oil machine and piston of gasoline engine.
The core of the technology of the present invention solution is, use the part that all contracts to make big entity layering of piston thickness (as Fig. 5, Fig. 6) or attenuate (as Fig. 4), the thickness of each section of piston (is aided with the design of the rational pouring system of prior art again near equating when making die casting, as the reasonable control of the selection of the position of sprue gate, flow gate, size etc. and cooling system temperature etc.Owing to be prior art, so do not describe in detail) and then when die casting, make each section of piston more approach to solidify simultaneously.
Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c and Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b and Figure 12 a, 12b show the concrete shape and the structure of three kinds of parts that all contract that are used for ordinary diesel oil machine piston, piston of gasoline engine and supercharged diesel engine piston respectively, and they for example, are not limit just.The piston of different cultivars different model specification, the structure of its part that all contracts with matching, shape and size size etc. all allow inequality.But as main distinction technical characteristics of the present invention, so long as above the head that has piston now, slot part, key seat, be inlaid with the builtup member of aluminum alloy material, and be assembled into one with piston die casting, just fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.No matter and this builtup member is the part usefulness that all contracts, does not still all contract part and do to wait other with all falling in its protection domain as the oil pocket lid.As most important difference technical characteristics of the present invention, also be the last foothold of builtup member, be exactly the utilization of part of all contracting, this is the basic point place that solves technical problem of the present invention.Whether part is cast into as a whole with piston no matter all contract; also no matter whether the material of the part that all contracts adopts aluminum alloy material (part 20 that all contracts as the supercharged diesel engine piston is to adopt heated die steel); how are concrete structure, shape and the size of part no matter more all contract; so long as utilize the part that all contracts with piston crown, slot part and big entity layering or the attenuate of piston-pin boss top equal thickness; each section thickness of piston is near equating when satisfying die casting; and then when die casting, make each section of piston more approach to solidify simultaneously, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Also have shown in Figure 14 a, the 14b as Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b and Figure 10 a, Figure 10 b Figure 11 and Figure 13 a, Figure 13 b, the casting method of die casting built-up piston of the present invention is as follows.
It comprises the conventional program of existing die-casting technique: install cover half 11, the dynamic model 8 of band cooling system and set one's heart mould and following heart mould 15,32, aluminum alloy (as ZL108, the ZL109) liquation that with temperature is 630～650 ℃ then pours in the transfer mold, in specific pressure is die casting under 45～60MPa pressure, tempering after the demoulding (owing to be prior art, so do not describe in detail).
The common feature of this die casting built-up piston casting method is, each piston is die cast at twice all, promptly before routine dress mould, first die casting is good or make the part 1,29,20 that all contracts, and the part 1,29,20 that will all contract then is assembled in the corresponding piston transfer mold (entering conventional program again).
Introduce the press casting procedure of three kinds of pistons of this embodiment below respectively.
The at first firing chamber of the good ordinary diesel oil machine of the die casting piston part 1 (Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c) that all contracts, or the annular of the good piston of gasoline engine of the die casting part 29 (Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b) that all contracts.
Make again band install combustion chamber all contract part 1 false boss 4 set one's heart mould 6 (seeing Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b), or make band and all the contract mould 28 of setting one's heart of technology groove 27 of part 29 of annular is installed (is seen Figure 10 a).
The close dynamic model 8 of band cooling system inlet tube and outlet tube 7,10 of program is routinely again brought into, the cover half 11 of outlet pipe 5,14, and heart mould 15,32 down, and the transfer mold that gets togather is installed on the horizontal plunger die casting machine.
The part 1,29 that will all contract again is installed on respectively in the corresponding transfer mold, and assembles with the false boss 4 of setting one's heart mould 6 or the technology groove 27 of setting one's heart mould 28.
Being that 630～650 ℃ molten aluminium alloy pours in the transfer mold with temperature then, is the pressure of 45～60MPa with specific pressure, and compressed 13 of liquation and flow gate 12 are carried out die casting.
The piston of (cooling fully) (this moment, piston self temperature also had 180～200 ℃, down together) was put in the tempering furnace after speed will be solidified after the demoulding, made foundry goods (piston) carry out temper under 260～280 ℃ of temperature.Like this, the ordinary diesel oil machine piston of die casting assembling and piston of gasoline engine.
The manufacturing process of die casting assembling supercharged diesel engine piston is as follows.
At first make do die casting set one's heart one of mould with and with the part 20 that all contracts (seeing Figure 12 a, 12b) of protruding circle 37, it is to adopt heated die steel (as 3cr2w8v) machining be made (all the other upper and lower heart moulds and fixed, dynamic model is all identical with above-mentioned two kinds of transfer molds) routinely.
Make another that cast passage 23 is arranged in bottom no protruding circle 37 and the loam cake again and set one's heart mould 24 (see Figure 13 a, Figure 13 b, the size of its die casting heart mould is decided on various piston crown equidimensions and structural strength requirement).
Again with do to set one's heart one of mould usefulness all contract part 20 and following heart mould 15 and bring into, the cover half 11 of outlet pipe 5,14 and vexed plug 21, bring into, the dynamic model 8 of outlet pipe 7,10 assembles together and (sees Figure 14 a), and be installed on the horizontal compressor.
With temperature is that 630～650 ℃ molten aluminium alloy pours in the transfer mold, is that 45～60MPa pressure makes compressed 13 of molten aluminium alloy and flow gate 12 carry out die casting with specific pressure.
(this moment, piston 9 did not just solidify sclerosis fully) extracts the part 20 that all contracts after 30 seconds of pressurize, and one side internal surface rolls circle " V " shape groove 19 on oil pocket top.
Again Nacl (Nacl) powder 22 that dries is tightened in oil pocket 17 (bottom), lay down the vexed plug 21 in the cover half 11 then, change another heart mould 24, with temperature is that 630～650 ℃ liquation pours in the transfer mold, is that 55～60MPa pressure makes compressed 13 of molten aluminium alloy, 25,23 die casting of pressure injection passage go out oil pocket lid 16 (the seeing Figure 14 b) of piston crown with specific pressure.
The piston of (cooling fully) is put in the tempering furnace with the demoulding and after solidifying, and makes foundry goods (piston) carry out temper under 260～280 ℃ of temperature.
On the piston after the tempering, bored oilhole 18 (see figure 5)s, put into water again and clean up with the salt dissolving and with oil pocket 17.The supercharged diesel engine piston of the band oil pocket of die casting assembling lid then.
Can realize in the casting method of the present invention that two of moulds or four foundry goods cast simultaneously.Matched moulds, die sinking, dress heart mould in die casting operation, take out heart mould and cast liquation etc., can realize mechanization or automation.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of aluminium piston of IC engine, comprise piston crown (33), slot part (34), pin-and-hole seat (3) and piston skirt (35), it is characterized in that: in piston crown (33), slot part (34) and pin-and-hole seat top (36) or only stud with the builtup member (1,29,16) of aluminum alloy material at piston crown (33), builtup member (1,29,16) is as a whole with piston die casting assembling.
2, aluminium piston according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described builtup member that studs with in piston crown (33), slot part (34) and pin-and-hole seat top (36) is meant the part that all contracts (1,29), it makes piston crown (33) slot part (34) and big entity layering or the attenuate of pin-and-hole seat top (36) equal thickness, make its section thickness and piston skirt (35) wall thickness near equating, and then when die casting, make each section of piston more approach to solidify simultaneously.
3, aluminium piston of IC engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described builtup member of inlaying at piston crown (33) refers to oil pocket lid (16).
4, the casting method of a kind of claim 1,2 or 3 described aluminium piston of IC engine, comprise cover half (11), the dynamic model (8) that installs the band cooling system and set one's heart mould and following heart mould (15,32), the molten aluminium alloy that with temperature is 630～650 ℃ then pours in the transfer mold, in specific pressure is die casting under 45～60MPa pressure, tempering after the demoulding, it is characterized in that: each piston is die cast at twice all, promptly before routine dress mould, elder generation's die casting is good or make the part that all contracts (1,29,20), and the part (1,29,20) that will all contract then is assembled in the corresponding piston transfer mold.
5, casting method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the described die casting part (1,29) that well all contracts, the firing chamber that is meant the good ordinary diesel oil machine of the die casting piston annular of part (1) or the good piston of gasoline engine of the die casting part (29) that all contracts that all contracts; Described assembling be meant make earlier band install combustion chamber all contract part (1) false boss (4) set one's heart mould (6), or make band install annular all contract part (29) technology groove (27) set one's heart mould (28).The part (1,29) that will all contract again is installed on respectively in the corresponding transfer mold, and assembles with the false boss of setting one's heart mould (6) (4) or the technology groove (27) of setting one's heart mould (28) respectively.
6, casting method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the described part that all contracts (20) of making, be meant the part that all contracts (20) of setting one's heart one of mould usefulness do die casting of making the supercharged diesel engine piston, and its adopts heated die steel processing and fabricating to form; Described assembling refer to make to set one's heart the part that all contracts (20) of one of mould and following heart mould (15) and cover half (11), dynamic model (8) assembles together, this charged piston also comprises following operation after being the pressure die casting of 45～60MPa with specific pressure:
After 30 seconds of pressurize, extract the part that all contracts (20), one side internal surface rolls circle " V " shape groove (19) on oil pocket top, again the Nacl powder (22) that dries is tightened in oil pocket (17), lay down the vexed plug (21) in the cover half (11) then, change another that cast passage (23) is arranged in bottom no protruding circle (37) and the loam cake and set one's heart mould (24), the oil pocket that goes out piston crown (33) with the pressure die casting of specific pressure 55～60MPa covers (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021139741A CN1152189C (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2002-02-26 | Aluminium piston of IC engine and its casting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021139741A CN1152189C (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2002-02-26 | Aluminium piston of IC engine and its casting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1368599A true CN1368599A (en) | 2002-09-11 |
| CN1152189C CN1152189C (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB021139741A Expired - Fee Related CN1152189C (en) | 2002-02-26 | 2002-02-26 | Aluminium piston of IC engine and its casting method |
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| CN (1) | CN1152189C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101782148B (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2015-08-19 | 靳北彪 | The motor of gas pressure-bearing piston and inflation method and this piston of use |
| CN105555434A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-05-04 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Casting mould and piston produced with the casting mould |
| CN106573296A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-04-19 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Casting tool and method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine |
| CN112355270A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-12 | 无锡市金珀车业有限公司 | Production process and method of upper pump piston |
-
2002
- 2002-02-26 CN CNB021139741A patent/CN1152189C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101782148B (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2015-08-19 | 靳北彪 | The motor of gas pressure-bearing piston and inflation method and this piston of use |
| CN105555434A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2016-05-04 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Casting mould and piston produced with the casting mould |
| CN105555434B (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2017-11-14 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Casting mould and the piston using casting mould production |
| CN106573296A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2017-04-19 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Casting tool and method for producing a piston for an internal combustion engine |
| CN106573296B (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2020-10-27 | 马勒国际有限公司 | Method for producing a piston by means of a multi-part casting tool |
| CN112355270A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-12 | 无锡市金珀车业有限公司 | Production process and method of upper pump piston |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1152189C (en) | 2004-06-02 |
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