CN1362305A - Method of applying two-frequency electromagnetic field to improve quality of continuous casting - Google Patents
Method of applying two-frequency electromagnetic field to improve quality of continuous casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN1362305A CN1362305A CN 01106053 CN01106053A CN1362305A CN 1362305 A CN1362305 A CN 1362305A CN 01106053 CN01106053 CN 01106053 CN 01106053 A CN01106053 A CN 01106053A CN 1362305 A CN1362305 A CN 1362305A
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Abstract
The method for improving quality of continuous casted billet by applying double-frequency electromagnetic field is characterized by that the upper portion and lower portion of outside of electromagnetic crystallizer are equipped with two induction coils in turn, its upper coil is connected with high-frequency current, and lower coil is connected with low-frequency current, in the casting process the liquid surface and central surface of upper coil are always retained at same level, and its error is less than plus or minus 5 mm. Its equaxed crystal rate is raised to 100% and its impurity content is reduced by 97%.
Description
The invention belongs to the metal material processing field, specially refer to the continuous casting technology.
It is the once deep technological revolution of metallurgical industry that the continuous casting technology replaces traditional die casting, it not only makes Foundry Production realize mechanization and automation, improved production efficiency greatly, and reduced the consumption of the energy and the waste of material, the inside and outside metallurgical quality of strand is greatly improved.In recent years, along with continuous casting production develops to high speed, nearly end form and the direct rolling direction of strand, the quality of continuous casting billet is had higher requirement.
Electromagnetic agitating technology (EMS) is to force MOLTEN STEEL FLOW in the strand by electromagnetic force, changed flowing in the molten steel solidification process, heat transfer and mass transfer condition, reach improve casting billet surface and inferior surface quality, enlarge equiaxial crystal ratio, improvement or eliminate purposes such as center segregation and central pipe.At present, electromagnetic agitating technology (M-EMS) is used widely in continuous casting production in the crystallizer, mainly can obtain following effect: (1) is provided with agitator at the meniscus place of strand cooling velocity maximum, molten steel rotatablely moves and has quickened to solidify the heat transfer and the overheated dissipation of molten steel of direction, therefore grain refinement is obvious, and equiaxial crystal ratio greatly improves; (2) meniscus place molten metal flows and can remedy the reduction of the liquid level temperature that causes because of the covering slag fusing, makes liquid level keep higher pouring temperature and can not take the lead in solidifying; Rotatablely moving simultaneously makes the solidification front thermograde diminish, and helps the even growth of initial stage solidified shell, thereby avoids the generation of horizontal longitudinal crack; (3) rotatablely move and wash away solidification front and also can prevent the subcutaneous gathering of non-metallic inclusion and bubble in initial solidification, make its lean on centrifugal action to the strand center assemble so that on float to meniscus and from subcutaneous removal.Above-mentioned these effects need the meniscus place that stronger stirring intensity is arranged, and these effects can significantly improve along with the increase of electromagnetic agitation intensity.But can form whirlpool at liquid level when stirring intensity is big, centrifugal action makes near the crystallizer wall molten metal to upper process, the metal bath surface at center depression.The negative effect of this phenomenon shows: (1) increases the pressure that contacts between motlten metal and the crystallizer inwall, has greatly hindered lubricant along type wall influx, thereby has worsened lubricant effect and reduced casting speed; The meniscus unstability that becomes simultaneously, the solidified shell growth is inhomogeneous, very easily causes the generation of crackle; (2) the center eddy current entrainments the inner inclusion defect that produces of molten metal with covering slag; (3) the center eddy current also can corrode the mouth of a river when pouring type adopts the submersed nozzle cast, reduces the mouth of a river life-span; Be etched thing simultaneously with pollution metal liquid, reduce slab quality.In order to address these problems, the existing processes measure mainly contains: reduce power that electromagnetic agitation is executed or reduce agitator at the residing height in crystallizer position etc., but these measures or improve internal soundness with the sacrificial surface quality, improve surface quality to sacrifice internal soundness, can be described as and attend to one thing and lose sight of another, can not improve the quality of continuous casting billet all sidedly.In addition, by disclosed pair of stirring system of patent USP08/472246, though the ancillary coil on top can be controlled the liquid fluctuating that meniscus surface area brings because of the main coil electromagnetic agitation of bottom, but also weakened stirring intensity to a certain extent, made internal metallurgical quality adopt bottom master's stirring coil to descend to some extent more separately; Nor can eliminate because of casting billet surface defectives such as vibration mark that mold oscillation produces, crackles; What apply is again low frequency ac in addition, and the magnetic field tendency is brought out molten metal and flowed, and also is one of reason that produces blemish.Therefore, with regard to present process, the casting billet surface defective is the major obstacle that influences high-speed continuous casting technology, continuously casting and continuously rolling technology development.Even process conditions are suitable, yet nearly 40% steel grade does not reach the requirement of continuous casting and continuous rolling integration.
The objective of the invention is: on the basis that guarantees the strand internal soundness, thereby provide a kind of in the continuous casting process in the crystallization control device motlten metal motion state and solidification forming improve the process of continuous casting billet quality comprehensively.Use this method not only can solve at present since in the crystallizer electromagnetic agitation bring meniscus fluctuation, covering slag access denial, lubricant effect deterioration, covering slag entrainments and problem such as mouth of a river erosion; and can eliminate blemish such as casting billet surface vibration mark, crackle; make the surface become smooth, thereby help further developing and the incorporate smooth realization of casting and rolling process of high-speed continuous casting technology.
Basic conception of the present invention is: compare with two cold-zone electromagnetic agitation (S-EMS), the solidified structure that electromagnetic agitation not only can the refinement strand in the crystallizer, and stirring action promotes the heat exchange of inside and outside molten metal, help avoid the reduction of the liquid level temperature of bringing because of the covering slag melting, make liquid level remain higher pouring temperature; Souring has reduced the thermograde of solidification front simultaneously, helps the even growth of initial stage solidified shell, extensively adopts the basic reason of electromagnetic agitating technology in the crystallizer during this produces just.But electromagnetic agitation can form whirlpool at metal bath surface in the crystallizer; can bring the instability of meniscus and crystallizer inwall to increase with the pressure that contacts between the molten metal; make covering slag access denial, lubricant effect worsen; this has not only shortened the service life of crystallizer; reduced casting speed, thereby also be to produce the main cause that blemish influences the integrated realization of casting and rolling process.In addition, whirlpool also can cause covering slag to entrainment and problems such as mouth of a river erosion, therefore, perhaps reduces electromagnetic agitation power or the agitator position just becomes the prefered method of avoiding these defectives.If but reduced the power of stirring coil merely or reduced electromagnetic stirrer coil position in the crystallizer, though liquid level does not form whirlpool, but the advantage of electromagnetic agitation also just can not embody in the above-mentioned crystallizer, and this acts on there has not been what difference with two cold-zone electromagnetic agitation (S-EMS) in other words.Therefore, under the prerequisite that guarantees the strand internal soundness, substitute electromagnetic agitation in the crystallizer and play to such an extent that improve the effect of cc billet surface quality if can apply a kind of electromagnetic field again, can guarantee that promptly liquid level has higher pouring temperature to avoid melting because of covering slag the reduction of the surface temperature of bringing; The position that can suitably reduce stirring coil simultaneously makes meniscus place metal bath surface not form whirlpool, and then meniscus is stable, lubrication channel is unimpeded, will avoid inner inclusion and blemish, thereby produces the strand of inside and outside high-quality.
Based on above-mentioned conception, realize that technical scheme of the present invention is: settle two induction coils, the coil on top to link to each other with high frequency electric source (abbreviation high frequency coil) up and down successively in electromagnetic crystallizer [2] outside that sidewall cracks, main realization " soft contact " continuous casting; The coil of bottom links to each other with low-frequency power (abbreviation low-frequency coil), and purpose is to produce electromagnetic actuation force, obtains the tiny solidified structure of grainiess.Specifically be characterised in that: owing to apply the electromagnetic field of high frequency, consider that there is kelvin effect in conductive surface, for traditional crystallizer, magnetic field can not enter into crystallizer inside effectively, therefore the present invention adopts cold crucible formula electromagnetic crystallizer [2], apart from crystallizer top end face 40-150mm place a high frequency coil [4] is set on crystallizer top, and it is linked to each other with high frequency electric source, the supply frequency scope is 10-100kHz, and power bracket is 20-80kW.Below high frequency coil, apart from crystallizer top end face 150-250mm a low-frequency coil [5] is set, it is linked to each other with low-frequency power, supply frequency scope 3-60Hz, power bracket is 10-40kW.In the operating process, at first, bed die [8] is inserted in the electromagnetic crystallizer [2], start cooling system, cooling water flow is 20-50m
3/ h; Then, the liquid metals [1] of fusing is poured in the electromagnetic crystallizer by immersion running channel [3], when reaching high frequency coil [4] top end face, the cast liquid level of liquid metal [1] starts throwing system and vibrational system, strand after solidifying [6] moves downward continuously with bed die [8] under the effect of throwing system, at this moment connects the power supply of high frequency coil [4] and low frequency stirring coil [5] respectively; It is concordant with the high frequency coil median plane to remain liquid level in the operating process, and its error is ± 5mm.According to strand size and cast steel grade,, just can obtain the continuous casting billet of high-quality by relative position and two coils electric parameter separately of regulating two coils.
Compared with prior art the present invention has the following advantages and effect: (1) is provided with high frequency coil near meniscus, the electromagnetic pressure that high frequency magnetic field produces has alleviated the molten metal that brings because of electromagnetic agitation and has contacted pressure with the crystallizer inwall, reduced the mandatory inflow between nascent solidified shell and crystallizer wall of liquid covering slag, the obstruction that is subjected in the outflow process, relax the dynamic pressure variation in the covering slag passage in the crystallizer periodic vibration process, the suffered disturbance of molten steel meniscus is alleviated, improve the stability of meniscus, thereby alleviate the casting billet surface vibration mark, reduce the occurrence probability of face crack, help improving the initial solidification process of strand; (2) induction heating function of electromagnetic field of high frequency and stirring action that the molten steel molten bath is produced thereof reduce the thermograde in the meniscus surface area molten steel molten bath, help the even growth of nascent solidified shell, thereby reduce the possibility that the horizontal longitudinal crack of strand generates; (3) electromagnetic pressure that produces of high frequency coil makes between molten metal and the strand and realizes continuous casting with " the soft contact " state, nascent solidified shell contacts the consumption that alleviating of pressure helps to reduce resistance of billet withdrawal, promotes covering slag with the crystallizer inwall, help the development of high-speed continuous casting technology; The trace of surface vibration simultaneously disappears, and it is smooth that the surface becomes, and surface average roughness does not apply the electromagnetic field of high frequency and reduced by 80%, does not need rolling preceding cleaning or few cleaning, thereby helps the smooth realization of casting and rolling process; (4) being provided with of high frequency coil reduced the mixing position of low frequency stirring coil in crystallizer, and the liquid level stirring intensity weakens, the liquid level stabilizing raising, thereby reduced the possibility that covering slag is involved in molten metal inside; The mixing position that reduces low-frequency coil simultaneously is equivalent to reduce mouth of a river immersion depth, and the mouth of a river is washed away erosion degree and diminished relatively.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation that applies two-frequency electromagnetic field outside electromagnetic crystallizer.
Among the figure, [1]. liquid metal, [2]. crystallizer, [3]. immersion running channel, [4]. high frequency coil,
[5]. low-frequency coil, [6]. strand, [7]. covering slag, [8]. bed die,
represents the vertical paper of direction outside, and represents the vertical paper of direction inwards.
Be described in detail principle of the present invention and most preferred embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
In the casting process, liquid metal [1] at first forms at the crystallizer wall place and to solidify shelly strand [6] after the immersion cast gate is poured into the electromagnetic crystallizer [2] that sidewall cracks, and it is liquid that the strand core remains.In crystallizer [2] outside, 150-250mm highly locates to be provided with low-frequency coil [5] under the distance liquid level, the alternation low frequency electromagnetic field that applies can produce the vertical alternating magnetic field Bx that points to the crystallizer central axis in crystallizer, then produce induced-current Jz upwards in the liquid metal, Jz and Bx interact and produce the electromagnetic force F that points to paper
1=Jz * Bx equally also produces a size on respect to the symmetric points of strand central axis and equals F
1Electromagnetic force, and direction in contrast, this each moment that equal and opposite in direction, electromagnetic force that direction is opposite are formed just can make liquid metal rotate, and stirring action helps the overheated quick release of casting of molten metal, thereby can obtain the tiny solidified structure of grainiess.Meanwhile a high frequency coil [5] is set, makes the cast liquid level remain at and be in same horizontal plane with the high frequency coil median plane at distance electromagnetic crystallizer top end face 40-150mm place.The high-frequency electromagnetic field action can produce the induced-current Jx in alternating magnetic field Bz upwards and the sensing paper in liquid metal, Jx and Bz interact and produce the electromagnetic force F that the vertical mold wall points to the crystallizer central axis
2=Jx * Bz.Electromagnetic force F
2Can offset near meniscus because the centrifugal force (direction is away from the crystallizer center) that function composite by electromagnetic stirring produces makes meniscus keep stable.Along with the increase of high frequency coil power, metal bath surface reduces with the pressure that contacts between the crystallizer wall, liquid surface shape by flat become protruding.If power increases again, then Tu Qi meniscus can thoroughly separate with the crystallizer inwall.So just alleviated the molten metal that brings because of electromagnetic agitation and contacted pressure with the crystallizer inwall, reduced the obstruction that liquid covering slag is subjected in come into being mandatory inflow between solidified shell and the crystallizer wall, outflow process, promote the consumption of covering slag, help further developing of high-speed continuous casting technology; Also relax simultaneously the variation of the dynamic pressure in the covering slag passage in the crystallizer periodic vibration process; make the suffered disturbance of molten steel meniscus alleviate, improve the stability of meniscus; thereby alleviate or eliminate the casting billet surface vibration mark, reduce the occurrence probability of face crack, improved the initial solidification process of strand.Meanwhile, high-frequency alternating magnetic field also has heating function, the Joule heat q=Jx that induced-current Jx produces
2/ σ makes molten metal be in but state of slow cooling, reduces in the meniscus surface area molten steel molten bath and the thermograde of solidification front, helps the even growth of nascent solidified shell, thereby reduces the possibility that the horizontal longitudinal crack of strand generates.In addition, high frequency coil the mixing position that has reduced low-frequency coil is set, be equivalent to reduce the immersion depth at the mouth of a river, then the molten metal rotation problem that corrodes the mouth of a river also is resolved.
The present invention is applicable to the continuous casting of round base and square billet, generally determines institute's power of executing and coil position according to casting blank cross-section size and cast steel grade.General casting blank cross-section size hour, the power that applies the high and low frequency coil takes off limit; When size is big, apply the power capping of high and low frequency coil.For the lower steel grade of phosphorus content, the position capping of low-frequency coil; Otherwise limit was taken off in the position of low-frequency coil when phosphorus content was higher.Liquid level position will remain at the high frequency coil median plane and be in same horizontal plane in the casting process, error remains on ± 5mm within.
Embodiment 1:
Certain production of units section is the little square billet of 100 * 100mm, and material is a Fine Steel Casting iron, and phosphorus content is 0.18%, requires casting billet surface roughness＜0.2, and equiaxed zone ratio is greater than 75% in the strand, and The amount of inclusions is less than 0.8/100cm
2, as rolled wire.In the production process, the technical parameter that the present invention selectes is: adopt copper electromagnetic crystallizer [2], its inside dimension 100 * 100 * 400mm, external dimensions 146 * 146 * 400mm is that 0.4mm, length be the equidistant slit of 280mm along 4 lateral longitudinal to having offered 20 width at 20mm place, distance crystallizer upper surface; The 50mm place is provided with high frequency coil [4] on distance crystallizer [2] top, and its number of turn is 5 circles, and inside dimension is 150 * 150 * 70mm, external dimensions 174 * 174 * 70mm, and the high frequency electric source frequency is 40kHz; Applying power is 45kW.The maximum of crystallizer intrinsic inductance Bz is 330G; The 200mm place is provided with low-frequency coil [5] on distance crystallizer [2] top, and the number of turn is 2000 circles, and the supply frequency of executing is 50Hz, and power is 15kW, and the maximum of crystallizer intrinsic inductance Bx is 380G.Cooling water flow is 20m in the crystallizer
3/ h, casting speed is 1.2m/min.
Embodiment 2:
Certain production of units section is the round base of φ 100mm, and material is a low-alloy steel, requires casting billet surface roughness＜0.25, and equiaxed zone ratio is greater than 70% in the strand, and The amount of inclusions is less than 1/100cm
2, as drawn and rolled tube.In the production process, the technical parameter that the present invention selectes is: adopt copper electromagnetic crystallizer [2], its inside dimension φ 100 * 400mm, external dimensions φ 144 * 400mm, vertically having offered 16 width along the circumference side at 20mm place, distance crystallizer [2] upper surface is that 0.4mm, length are the equidistant slit of 280mm; The 50mm place is provided with high frequency coil [4] on distance crystallizer [2] top, and the number of turn is 4 circles, its inside dimension φ 154 * 60mm, external dimensions φ 176 * 60mm, the high frequency electric source frequency of executing is 25kHz, and power is 40kW, and the maximum of crystallizer intrinsic inductance Bz is 300G; The 200mm place is provided with low-frequency coil [5] on distance crystallizer [2] top, and the number of turn is 1500 circles, and the frequency of the power supply of executing is 50Hz, and power is 10kW, and the maximum of crystallizer intrinsic inductance Bx is 340G.Cooling water flow is 15m in the crystallizer
3/ h, casting speed is 0.9m/min.
Claims (1)
1. method that applies two-frequency electromagnetic field to improve quality of continuous casting, constituted by electromagnetic crystallizer [2], liquid metals [1], the high frequency coil [4] that is arranged on electromagnetic crystallizer [2] outside, low (worker) frequency coil [5] and line related system that sidewall cracks, be it is characterized in that:
(a) in the outside of electromagnetic crystallizer [2], apart from 40-150mm place, its upper surface high frequency coil [4] is set, the frequency that applies power supply is that 10-100kHz, power are 20-80kW;
(b) in the outside of electromagnetic crystallizer [2], being provided with a frequency apart from 150-250mm place, its upper surface is that 3-60Hz, power are the low-frequency coil [5] of 10-40kW;
(c) method of operating is: at first, bed die [8] is inserted in the electromagnetic crystallizer [2], start cooling system, cooling water flow is 20-50m
3/ h; Then, the liquid metals [1] of fusing is poured in the electromagnetic crystallizer by immersion running channel [3], when reaching high frequency coil [4] top end face, the cast liquid level of liquid metal [1] starts throwing system and vibrational system, strand [6] moves downward continuously with bed die [8], at this moment, connect the power supply of high frequency coil [4] and low-frequency coil [5] respectively; Keep liquid level concordant with the high frequency coil median plane in the operating process, the liquid fluctuating error is ± 5mm.
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| CNB011060530A CN1133519C (en) | 2001-01-06 | 2001-01-06 | Method of applying two-frequency electromagnetic field to improve quality of continuous casting |
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| CNB011060530A CN1133519C (en) | 2001-01-06 | 2001-01-06 | Method of applying two-frequency electromagnetic field to improve quality of continuous casting |
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| CN1362305A true CN1362305A (en) | 2002-08-07 |
| CN1133519C CN1133519C (en) | 2004-01-07 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102139357B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-04-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Multi-waveform electromagnetic excitation device of continuous casting crystallizer |
| CN105263652A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-01-20 | 叶夫盖尼·帕夫洛夫 | Method and apparatus for moving molten metal |
| CN105478695A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-04-13 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Multi-zone electromagnetic stirring device and method for continuous casting machine crystallizer |
| CN105537548A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-04 | 东北大学 | Method of continuously casting nickel base corrosion-resistant alloy in composite alternating electromagnetic field |
| TWI572839B (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2017-03-01 | 康賽克公司 | Open bottom electric induction cold crucible for an electromagnetic casting and method of electromagnetic casting an ingot in an open bottom electric induction cold crucible |
| CN108526424A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-14 | 上海大学 | A kind of magnetic field generator of double frequency electromagnetic agitation |
| CN111644583A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-11 | 中南大学 | Aluminum alloy ingot and liquid core magnetic flow casting method for improving component uniformity of aluminum alloy ingot |
-
2001
- 2001-01-06 CN CNB011060530A patent/CN1133519C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102139357B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-04-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Multi-waveform electromagnetic excitation device of continuous casting crystallizer |
| TWI572839B (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2017-03-01 | 康賽克公司 | Open bottom electric induction cold crucible for an electromagnetic casting and method of electromagnetic casting an ingot in an open bottom electric induction cold crucible |
| CN105263652A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2016-01-20 | 叶夫盖尼·帕夫洛夫 | Method and apparatus for moving molten metal |
| US9901978B2 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2018-02-27 | Evgeny Pavlov | Method and apparatus for moving molten metal |
| CN105263652B (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2018-05-29 | 叶夫盖尼·帕夫洛夫 | The method and device of mobile molten metal |
| CN105537548A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-05-04 | 东北大学 | Method of continuously casting nickel base corrosion-resistant alloy in composite alternating electromagnetic field |
| CN105478695A (en) * | 2016-01-09 | 2016-04-13 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Multi-zone electromagnetic stirring device and method for continuous casting machine crystallizer |
| CN108526424A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-14 | 上海大学 | A kind of magnetic field generator of double frequency electromagnetic agitation |
| CN108526424B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2020-11-24 | 上海大学 | Magnetic field generator of dual-frenquency electromagnetic stirring |
| CN111644583A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-09-11 | 中南大学 | Aluminum alloy ingot and liquid core magnetic flow casting method for improving component uniformity of aluminum alloy ingot |
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