CN1360725A - Electromagnetic rams - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic ram in the form of a cylindrical magnetic assembly (11) arranged to receive a coopearing armature (12) for movement along the length of the cylinder. The armature (12) is provided with a transversely extending member (14) for transferring movement of the armature to the outside of the ram through an axially extending slot (15) in the cylinder (11).

Description

Electromagnetic actuator device

The present invention relates to electromagnetic actuator device.

This drive unit is known and has various structures, but they mainly are the various modification of piston and cylinder apparatus, and output is coaxial with the center line of drive unit.This structure can have problems in being used to the confined space time, because it means that for whole stroke, its length requirement is the twice of haul distance, is contained in the groove in the pedestal to be suitable for making a part of drive unit.This problem has caused electromagnetic actuator device in use to be restricted.

The invention provides a kind of electromagnetic actuator device, in this electromagnetic actuator device, adopted a element, the motion of armature is sent to the outside of drive unit by an axially extended groove with respect to the axis direction horizontal expansion.

In one embodiment, drive unit is the form of the stator that is provided with coil, and described coil cooperates with the magnetic field that produces by a magnet assembly on the armature, can produce motion when being energized.Itself require the coiling mode of coil should be able to form the movable gap of passing through of described lateral direction element.

Preferably, each coil is all turned to a pair of coiler part with the shape of approximate " numeral 8 ", and coil is connected to one group three, so that can be by the signal excitation of 120 ° of phase phasic differences to each other, to form three-phase drive.

In another embodiment, drive unit can adopt the form of stator, and this stator is provided with a permanent magnet that is used to produce the fixed field of alternating poles, and an armature, and this armature has one or more coils that are wound on the armature.

In this embodiment, described coil is traditional coil, but its requires to be provided with a special connector, provides electric energy with the form of flexible flexible pipe to coil so that can be for example.

Comparatively ideally be, the permanent magnet of stator is provided with pole piece (pole element), and this pole piece can be taked the form of the dish of trough of belt, and pole piece is designed to preferably can provide the ideal form in magnetic field.

In order to be easier to understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the cross sectional side view of first embodiment of electromagnetic actuator device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the end-view at the drive unit shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the figure that schematically illustrates of a coil being formed by a pair of coil segment;

Fig. 4 is the schematic side elevation of an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of electromagnetic actuator device comprises a cylindrical stator 11 that is formed by a steel outer tube, in this stator interior an armature 12 that moves along the length of stator 11 is installed.

Armature 12 is shorter than stator 11, and is provided with the element 14 of a horizontal expansion, and this element can adopt traditional form arbitrarily, but in the present embodiment, as shown in the figure, it is the fin 14 that extends vertically.Fin 14 is accommodated in the axially extended groove 15 in the wall that is arranged at stator.

Armature 12 is made of the assembly of one or more permanent magnet spares 17, and described permanent magnet spare is by axial magnetized, and is sandwiched between two pole pieces 18.If desired, can make pole piece phase down (tapered inclination), so that weaken field and armature quality in the magnetic core towards its radial edges.Also can between the pole piece of adjacent magnet assembly, insert thin flexible disk.This structure allows manufacturing tolerance, and also can allow to form the drive unit that has than long stator, and it has utilized an armature with a plurality of magnet assemblies.

In steel outer tube inside, described stator is provided with the coil of special coiling, and these coils leave the element 14 extensible gaps of passing through.As shown in Figure 3, a kind of mode that realizes this structure becomes two coiler parts for the shape with " numeral 8 " with each coil winding.These coils are assembled into triplets (each in the three-phase of each cycle of magnetization has all adopted a pair of coil segment mutually).The electric current of each phase must be along coil alternately to be changed by the direction of coiling under the situation in the gap of axially extended groove 15 in the stator not intersecting.One or more magnetic pole components radially outward stretch out a high-intensity magnetic field through stator coil, thereby magnetic flux returns by the outside steel pipe of installing described assembly.

The inside of stator 11 preferably is lined with a hard and insulated tube that have groove, and this insulated tube has played the effect of a supporting and sealing surface.Armature 12 is provided with one or more annular bearing-surfaces of piston that for example are, and described bearing-surface is configured to and can slides along hard insulated tube.

Every group of permanent magnet spare 17 that is clipped between the pole piece 18 is preferably on the axial section rounded.Because armature 12 can be made of a plurality of assemblies, thus its can allow between each assembly or between the component groups along any direction relative rotary motion with respect to central axial line.Therefore, the armature that is installed on a series of race rings can be along the irregular or accurate movement in a curve of cylinder body axis, and wherein, described race ring extends on the stator sleeve pipe of being made by a kind of hard system insulating material.Drive unit upwards or when a barrier was crooked, this structure was very favorable if desired.It also allows the irregular structure error that caused by mechanical stress, the temperature difference or damage.When the flexible disk between assembly can be enough to the relative motion of aequum is provided, can use other more complicated syndeton according to different purposes.In addition, can hinged flaps 14 or can hinged formation armature 12 and fin 14 between connection.

By this basic electromagnetic structure, can form multiple different actuator.For example, if stator is the cylinder body of sealing, for example on pipe shown in Figure 1, be provided with blind end, and thereby actuator is provided with a ring packing and forms a piston, so when inner gas of having filled as air, described gas as air can be supplied with from a stationary pressure sources or type variable pressure source, thereby can form a kind of no rod-type pneumatic actuator.Itself require a sliding pressure seal 16 that is set in the groove 15.In addition, groove 15 must be provided with a protective sealing that prevents dust and other impurity separately.

And the shape of described cylinder body needn't strictly have circular cross section, and on the contrary, it can ovalize, can be really extends down and can bear side force along the mediad of groove so that guarantee fin 14.

In addition, the stator itself that has groove can be bent, and if with uniform radius bend, the fin that will allow armature is along one section circular motion.In this structure, consider that the armature cunning leans against the actual conditions in the sleeve pipe that is arranged on the stator, must between each magnet assembly, use flexible disk.Therefore,, then this arm can be connected on the normal axis, so that the power that is applied on the armature can apply moment on its axle if be connected on this radius rod with root radius arm replacement fin 14 or with fin 14.Should be understood that by this device, just can directly produce bigger moment with minimum moving component.In addition, if make described arc extension to the whole circle around above-mentioned axle, it allows the lengthening armature so, so that fill whole stator, thus the moment of generation maximum possible.Subsequently, armature is rotated synchronously.Itself formed ring-type (curved surface) rotary motor that can be used to location, accurate angle in optics or other special installation.

Be to use a plurality of drive units to realize the motion of single element as selectable scheme.In other words, two or three drive units can be fixed to any side of a public actuated piece and these drive units are connected on this actuated piece, itself can have the extension of stretching out housing described actuated piece.The whole length of this system needn't be longer than the length of a drive unit, but output variable should be the several times of single drive unit output variable certainly.

The foregoing description is described to a kind of like this drive unit, and it has a permanent magnet armature and as the work of a kind of three-phase synchronizer.Other structure also allows, and has used coil and stator is provided with permanent magnet as armature.Fig. 4 has schematically shown a kind of form of the drive unit with this structure.Herein, armature 12 is made of a plurality of coils commonly used 20 on a steel core 21, and these coils are supplied to electric energy by the rear portion lead 22 with sufficient length, to allow armature along stator movement.

Stator 11 is formed by a plurality of permanent magnet parts 24, and these magnet segments are set up the length along stator 11 to form electromagnetic pole alternately.Each permanent magnet part 24 includes a permanent magnet 24a and a plurality of pole piece 24b.Preferably such shaping pole 24b, promptly they can suitably form electromagnetic field.In this case, they diminish gradually towards the periphery of the permanent electric magnet of each part equably.Its effect is to reduce the high-intensity magnetic field of each part 24 outer periphery.

Each part 24 all has groove and these grooves is aimed at, so as to allow to be fixed on the armature 12 the fin (not shown) that laterally enters can as among first embodiment with the armature free movement.

Also can construct coil like this, so that form described stator or armature.In this technology, when being applied to stator, stator can be made of one group of plane steel loop, and these steel loops are separated by cylindrical steel loop each other, so that form groove in a roughly continuous steel cylinder body.Each copper coil all is assemblied in the groove between the steel loop of plane independently, and the magnetic pole that axially replaces to provide can suitably be provided.Steel component can be replaced by casting and/or metalwork.In addition, stator design can be become eddy current to be introduced in the passive armature, so that produce the low-cost machine that is suitable for opening door or mobile curtain.

A kind of special purpose of described drive unit is to be used for a kind of lift, and wherein, two or four drive units that have groove are set are resisted against on the inwall of elevator shaft, thus can noiselessness, directly and accurately drive and guide elevator crib.

The a large amount of instructions for uses that should be understood that actuator are provided with a position transducer, so that in order correctly to control the relative motion of actuator by the suitable conversion operations of stator coil, thereby provide a feedback signal to a control unit.Though not shown in the drawings this content, its position depend on the purposes of actuator and the practical structures of actuator largely.

With regard to lift, the dead load of elevator crib with and payload support by the gas in the stator.The explicit value of its pressure is regulated by a less valve system and a less stand-by compressor.Gas pressure is by a simple algorithm control, and this algorithm can carry out integration to the current value that is supplied to actuator, so that Tc variation, camera lens, load change and lift locking mechanism.Because can consumed cabin air between moving period at lift, so compressor needn't have bigger capacity.

Under situation about adopting than long stator (as the stator according to the lift design), stator coil should be divided into relatively short several sections.This structure allows those parts of only adjacent with armature stator coil assembly to be energized and to be converted, and can improve energy efficiency with this.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of electromagnetic actuators, it comprises one first magnet assembly, second magnet assembly, one polarity in the described assembly can respond electric control signal and change, so that form relative motion between first and second assemblies along the axis of relative motion, it is characterized in that: the assembly (12) in the described assembly is provided with a fin (14), this fin is with respect to the axis horizontal expansion of described relative motion, and another assembly is provided with a groove (15), the axis that this groove is parallel to relative motion extends, and is configured to hold described fin (14).

2, actuator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described second assembly adopts the form of the cylinder body that can hold first assembly.

3, actuator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described second assembly comprises a plurality of permanent magnet parts, and each magnet segment all has pole piece (24b).

4, actuator according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described pole piece (24b) phases down towards the periphery of assembly.

5, according to claim 2,3 or 4 described actuators, it is characterized in that: the end of described cylinder body is sealed, and described groove (15) is provided with a sliding seal (16), so that the motion to described first assembly provides braking in second assembly.

6, according to any described actuator among the claim 2-5, it is characterized in that: described second assembly comprises a plurality of coils, and the coiling by this way of these coils is so that form a passage that is used to hold the fin of first assembly.

7, actuator according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described coil is with the paired coiling of shape of numeral 8.

8, a kind of according to any described assembly in the aforementioned claim.

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