CN1357563A - Prepn of biodegradable film of ternary starch-PVA-polyester system material - Google Patents
Prepn of biodegradable film of ternary starch-PVA-polyester system material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1357563A CN1357563A CN 01143500 CN01143500A CN1357563A CN 1357563 A CN1357563 A CN 1357563A CN 01143500 CN01143500 CN 01143500 CN 01143500 A CN01143500 A CN 01143500A CN 1357563 A CN1357563 A CN 1357563A
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Abstract
The ternary biodegradable film is prepared by using the material including starch, PVA, polyester, mixed plasticizer, reinforcing agent and wet strength agent, and through mixing to react, pelletizing and blowing to film with the polyester being selected from polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polyvinyl acrylate, poly-beta-hydroxy butyrate and ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer. The film has a tensile strength of 16-24 MPa, breaking elongation of 140-200% and Young's modulus of 130-400 MPa and may be degraded fastly. It is used in shopping bag, garbage bag and packing bag as well as mulching film.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of film of fully biodegradable and use electromagnetic dynamic plasticizing extruder or the film forming method of common blow moulding machine blowing.
Background technology: people seek polyethylene that degradable mulch film and wrapping material are on the rise with redemption etc. not the degradative plastics waste brought ' white pollution ' time, initial exploration is exactly biodegradable starch and organic acid or ester to be incorporated into go in the common polyethylene film or approach by photoxidation reaches this purpose.Because no matter be photodegradation, biological degradation or light/bio-degradable all are the processes of an oxidation, its finally be become acid or ester and be decomposed into CO2 and water with back to nature.So polyethylene type, starch-polyethylene acrylic acid-polyethylene degradative membrane and Light ?lysis Film are come out one after another.But find, this class film only starch can be degraded and polyethylene can not be by microbiological degradation, therefore this class film has experienced the process of cooling, and generation is the research and development of a series of organic acids or ester, as Biopol, this is the multipolymer of hydroxybutyric acid and hydroxypentanoic acid, for another example the ester of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polycarbonate and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and dibasic alcohol polycondensation, come out one after another as Japan ' Bionolle ' etc., also very effective really.Unique weak point is too expensive, can not be used for general wrapping material and mulch film.
U.S. F, H, Otey etc. have developed the film (Ind of a kind of polyvinyl alcohol-starch-polyvinyl chloride type, Eng, Chem, Prod, Res, Dev, 1980,19,592-595), this film starch-containing 60%, about polyvinyl alcohol 15%, polyvinyl chloride colloidal sol coated is improved the water-resistant capacity of film on polyvinyl alcohol-starch film.This film almost do not have wet tenacity, and the introducing of polyvinyl chloride is disadvantageous to degraded under the situation of coated polyvinyl chloride not.It is that (MPI 1991 for the Biodegradable films for preparing of the modified polyvinyl alcohol of 70% starch and 30% that Italy Ferruxxi company uses its relative quantity, 100,9, P7), be called Mater-Bi, have the ability of degraded fully, and price is relatively low, be listed in one of three famous in the world big fully biodegradable plastics brands, two classes are the Biopol of Britain ICI in addition, the Novon of the U.S. (being close to full starch).But it is temperature tolerance that Mater-Bi has the weakness of a maximum, and weathering resistance and water tolerance have limited its use range inadequately and seriously, can not be beyond 0-50 ℃ as it, use under low temperature, high temperature and the high humidity environment condition beyond the relative humidity 30-80%.
Summary of the invention: the preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ternary starch-PVA-polyester system material Biodegradable films, this method overcome Mater-Bi weather-proof, heatproof and water-fast aspect defective, to widen the use range of such film, the film of complete biodegradable in a short time again, use the dynamic blow moulding machine blowing of electromagnet film forming, the performance of film is improved.
Prescription of the present invention contains starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, mainly selects polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polyethylene acrylate, poly-beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid ester or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, composite softening agent, strengthening agent, Wet Strength Resin, through blending reaction, granulation, the blowing film forming also can be passed through the T connector film extrusion.
Be the main body of film with starch and polyvinyl alcohol among the present invention.Starch is biodegradable inductor, and can come the degradation time and the speed of controlling diaphragm by its content in film.But pure starch film insufficient strength, polyvinyl alcohol has biodegradability, and can be used as soil improvement agent, and film toughness might as well.But starch-polyvinyl alcohol film wet tenacity is poor, and water tolerance is bad, and introducing polycarbonate coating, polycaprolactone, polyethylene acrylate, poly-beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid ester or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer is in order to improve the performance of the water tolerance of film, particularly high-temperature resistant water.As after applying polycarbonate on starch-polyvinyl alcohol film, can anti-hot water more than 90 ℃.Employing ethylene glycol: glycerine: the ternary built plasticiser system of the carboxylicesters of polyester polyol or hydroxyl then has three effects greatly, and the one, play plastification, lubrication; The 2nd, in order to improve the weathering resistance of film, particularly improve the low-temperature performance of film; The 3rd, the polyester of introducing in order to improve and the consistency of starch-polyvinyl alcohol system make other polyester of its receivability or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene acrylate etc.The introducing of strengthening agent and Wet Strength Resin simultaneously all improves a lot the tensile strength of film and wet tenacity, its tensile strength reaches as high as 24Mpa, than Mater-Bi height, more than the enforcement of these measures no matter starch-polyvinyl alcohol film all is being greatly improved than Mater-Bi aspect weathering resistance, temperature tolerance and the water tolerance, make its use range near polyethylene film.
The raw material that the present invention selects is percentage composition by weight:
Starch: 30-65%, polyvinyl alcohol: 15-40%,
Polyester: 0-10%, softening agent: 10-20%,
Strengthening agent :≤0.4%, Wet Strength Resin: 0.5-1.5%,
Defoamer :≤0.4%,
Wherein starch is W-Gum, potato starch, sweet potato starch or lotus root starch;
Polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol-1799 or polyvinyl alcohol-1999;
Polyester is a polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polyethylene-acrylate, poly-beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid ester or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer;
Softening agent is an ethylene glycol by weight: glycerine: polyester polyol=1-3: 9-15: 3-6 three-component compound system and water; Polyester polyol is that Succinic Acid is to the ethylene glycol of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers diacid, the polycondensation ester or the 12 carbon alcohol esters of a condensed ethandiol;
Strengthening agent is potassium aluminium sulfate, alkali type aluminium oxide, borax or water glass;
Wet Strength Resin is β-alcoxyl second carboxyl two (dioctyl pyrophosphate) titanium, second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titanium or two isopropoxy trolamine base titanic acid ester;
Defoamer is tributyl phosphate or silicone oil;
Blow moulding machine used in the present invention is the dynamic blow moulding machine of electromagnet.Have the characteristics of length-to-diameter ratio weak point and homogeneous heating, make it be more suitable in the processing of starch based degradative plastics, prepared membranous even, beautiful.Also can use T connector processing film forming or sheet material.
The prepared film of the present invention, mechanical property be tensile strength at 16MPa--24MPa, extension at break is 140-200%; Young's modulus is 130-400MPa; This class film is when starch content is 30% left and right sides, measure through the carbon dioxide releasing amount assay method, biological degradation rate in the time of four months reaches as high as more than 85%, and starch content is that about 60% film is in examination shop, field, its surface is corroded by bacterium and Institute of Micro-biology and blackening decomposes about half a year substantially fully in the time of two months.
Mater-Bi generally can not be beyond 0-50 ℃, relative humidity is used under low temperature, high temperature and high humidity environment beyond the 30-80%, and the prepared film of the present invention generally can use under the envrionment conditions that polyethylene film can be used after applying polycarbonate, and its water tolerance, temperature tolerance and weathering resistance are better than Mater-Bi.The prepared film of the present invention mainly can be used as shopping bag, refuse bag and packing bag, and can be used as mulch film.
Embodiment is as follows:
Embodiment 1: take by weighing PVA350 part by weight, 500 parts of starch stir evenly in mixer.Take by weighing 230 parts in water, in water, add 3 parts of potassium aluminium sulfates, 10 parts of β-alcoxyl second carboxyl two (dioctyl pyrophosphate) titanium, 3 parts of tributyl phosphates under agitation, will this aqueous solution add in mixer and mix with starch and PVA.The ratio that takes by weighing ethylene glycol, glycerine and 12 carbon alcohol esters again is 2: 15: 3 200 parts of mixed solutions, stirs down, and adding has in the mixer of above-mentioned material, stirs evenly high-speed stirring 2 minutes.In length-to-diameter ratio is granulation in 25: 1 the 45 type single screw extrusion machines.Blowing film forming on electromagnetic dynamic plasticizing extruder or common blow moulding machine.Prepared film is used for bag with the coating of polycarbonate liquid on coating machine.
Embodiment 2: take by weighing PVA250 part, 580 parts of starch stir evenly in mixer.Take by weighing 220 parts in water, add 3 parts of boraxs and 12 parts of β-alcoxyl second carboxyl two (dioctyl pyrophosphate) titaniums in the water, 3 parts of tributyl phosphates add this aqueous solution in the mixer, stir with above-mentioned material.The ratio that takes by weighing ethylene glycol, glycerine, adipate glycol polyester again is 2: 12: 4 180 parts in a softening agent, adds in the mixer, and material under agitation thorough mixing is even, granulation then, blowing film forming.Coat polycarbonate solution on answering a pager's call being coated with.Its granulation, blowing and coating procedure are roughly with example 1.The film of gained is at 2Kg/cm
2Pressure, temperature are bag on 150-160 ℃ the sealing machine.
Embodiment 3: take by weighing PVA250 part, 580 parts of starch stir evenly in mixer.Take by weighing 230 parts of water again, add 10 parts of 3 parts of alkali type aluminium oxides and two isopropoxy trolamine base titanic acid ester in the water, 2 parts of silicone oil, the aqueous solution adds in the mixer in the lump.The ratio that takes by weighing ethylene glycol, glycerine and adipate glycol polyester is 3: 10: 5 180 parts in a softening agent, adds 30 parts of polycaprolactones in this, adds in the lump in the mixer, and material is stirred evenly.Granulation and blowing process are with example 2.
Embodiment 4: take by weighing 250 parts of PVA, 550 parts of starch stir evenly in mixer, take by weighing 220 parts of water again, add 3 parts of boraxs, 10 parts of two isopropoxy trolamine base titanic acid ester, 2 parts of tributyl phosphates in the water, this aqueous solution is added in the mixer, take by weighing ethylene glycol, glycerine: the ratio of 12 carbon alcohol is 2: 11: 5 180 parts in a softening agent, adds 30 parts of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers in this, adds in the mixer in the lump, material stirs evenly, and granulation and blowing process are with example 1.
Embodiment 5: 220 parts of weighing polyvinyl alcohol, starch places mixer for 580 parts, stir evenly, take by weighing 220 parts in water, add 3 parts in alum, 10 parts of second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titaniums, 2 parts of tributyl phosphates are in water, add under stirring at low speed in the mixer, the ratio that takes by weighing ethylene glycol, glycerine, hexanodioic acid one condensed ethandiol polyester is 3: 10: 4 170 parts of mixed liquid, adds polyethylene--60 parts of-acrylate are in this plasticiser system.Under agitation, it is added in the mixer, carry out granulation and blowing after material stirs evenly, granulation and blowing process are with example 1.
Embodiment 6: take by weighing PVA280 part, 520 parts of starch, put with mixer in, take by weighing 240 parts in water, add 3 parts of water glass, 12 parts of second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titaniums, 2 parts of tributyl phosphates are in water, under stirring at low speed, this aqueous solution is added in mixer, take by weighing ethylene glycol: glycerine: certain herbaceous plants with big flowers diacid glycol ester ratio is 5: 6: 5 160 parts of softening agent mixed solutions, add 30 parts of ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers in this softening agent, to be added with polyethylene--the softening agent mixed solution of-acrylate adds in the mixer, and material stirs evenly, and its granulation and blowing process are the same.
Embodiment 7: take by weighing PVA200 part, 620 parts of starch, put with mixer in, stir evenly, take by weighing 220 parts in water, in water, add 3 parts of boraxs, 10 parts of second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titaniums, 2 parts of silicone oil, this aqueous solution is added in the mixer, stir evenly, take by weighing glycerine: ethylene glycol: the ratio of adipate glycol polyester is 1: 10: 5 160 parts of mixed solutions, adds EV A (VA content is 33%) 50 parts in this, under agitation, this mixed solution is added in the mixer, and material stirs evenly, and granulation and blown film process are the same.
Embodiment 8: take by weighing PVA260 part, 560 parts of starch, PHB20 part stirs evenly in mixer, takes by weighing 220 parts in water, in water, add 3 parts of boraxs, 12 parts of second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titaniums, 1 part of silicone oil adds this aqueous solution in the mixer, take by weighing glycerine: ethylene glycol adipate(EGA): the ratio of 12 carbon alcohol is 12: 4: 3 190 parts of softening agent mixed solutions, under agitation add in the mixer, after material stirred evenly, its granulation and blowing process were the same.
Embodiment 9: take by weighing PVA250 part, 550 parts of starch, in mixer, stir evenly, add 230 parts of entry, in water, add 3 parts of boraxs, 12 parts of second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titaniums, 2 parts of tributyl phosphates under agitation, add this aqueous solution in the mixer, stir evenly, take by weighing ethylene glycol: glycerine: the ratio of PEGS Polyethylene glycol succinate is 3: 9: 6 180 parts of mixed solutions, adds the polyethylene acrylate multipolymer: ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer be 2: 1 60 parts in mixture in softening agent, stir down this softening agent mixed solution added in mixer, stir evenly, granulation and blowing process are the same.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a ternary starch-PVA-polyester system material Biodegradable films is characterized in that the raw material selected percentage composition by weight:
Starch: 30-65%, polyvinyl alcohol: 15-40%,
Polyester: 0-10%, softening agent: 10-20%,
Strengthening agent :≤0.4%, Wet Strength Resin: 0.5-1.5%,
Defoamer :≤0.4%,
Wherein softening agent is an ethylene glycol by weight: glycerine: polyester polyol=1-3: 9-15: 3-6 three-component compound system and water.
2. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that starch is W-Gum, potato starch, tapioca (flour) or lotus root starch.
3. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that polyvinyl alcohol is polyvinyl alcohol-1799 or polyvinyl alcohol-1999.
4. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that polyester is polycaprolactone, polycarbonate, polyethylene-acrylate, poly-beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid ester or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.
5. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that polyester polyol is that Succinic Acid is to the ethylene glycol of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers diacid, the polycondensation ester or the 12 carbon alcohol esters of a condensed ethandiol;
6. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that strengthening agent is potassium aluminium sulfate, alkali type aluminium oxide, borax or water glass.
7. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that Wet Strength Resin is β-alcoxyl second carboxyl two (dioctyl pyrophosphate) titanium, second two support alkoxyl group dioctylphosphoric acid ester titanium or two isopropoxy trolamine base titanic acid ester.
8. as the said method of claim 1, it is characterized in that defoamer is tributyl phosphate or silicone oil.
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| CN 01143500 CN1357563A (en) | 2001-12-29 | 2001-12-29 | Prepn of biodegradable film of ternary starch-PVA-polyester system material |
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| CN106220901A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-14 | 太湖华强科技有限公司 | Caprolactone starch degradable thin film that a kind of corn straw strengthens and preparation method thereof |
| CN109181012A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-01-11 | 李泽 | Plant amylum Biodegradable Materials |
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