CN1356953A - Stretchable, conformable protective covers - Google Patents

Stretchable, conformable protective covers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1356953A
CN1356953A CN00809122A CN00809122A CN1356953A CN 1356953 A CN1356953 A CN 1356953A CN 00809122 A CN00809122 A CN 00809122A CN 00809122 A CN00809122 A CN 00809122A CN 1356953 A CN1356953 A CN 1356953A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
area
sheet material
elongation
cover
resistance
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN00809122A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
小查尔斯·J·伯格
理查德·W·洛奇
约翰·T·库珀
贝弗利·J·杰克逊
马修·T·赫普
埃里克·W·迈耶
史蒂文·J·巴戈特
威廉·S·安德斯
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Procter and Gamble Ltd
Procter and Gamble Co
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Procter and Gamble Ltd
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Application filed by Procter and Gamble Ltd filed Critical Procter and Gamble Ltd
Publication of CN1356953A publication Critical patent/CN1356953A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/02—Wrappers or flexible covers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D81/03—Wrappers or envelopes with shock-absorbing properties, e.g. bubble films

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Machine Parts And Wound Products (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a flexible cover (10) comprising at least one sheet of flexible sheet material assembled to form a semi-enclosed container having a periphery. The cover (10) is expandable in response to forces exerted by an article, item, or material over which the cover is placed to provide an increase in volume of the cover such that the cover accommodates the articles, items, or material placed therein.

Description

Stretchable conformable protective covers
Technical field
The present invention relates to be generally used for protecting the flexible cover of various articles for use, article and/or material.
Background technology
Flexible cover, particularly those flexible covers of being made by cheap polymeric material have been widely used in protection various articles for use, article and/or material.Cover can be alone or is combined part or " covering " or the articles for use of screening, article and/or material fully with other cover or apparent surface.
Be used to refer to and especially repeated warpage or bending by warpage or crooked material at this used term " flexible ", make them can respond institute's externally applied forces and can adapt to and surrender.Thereby, " flexible " roughly opposite with term " unbending, rigidity or difficult surrender " on meaning.Therefore, flexible material and structure can change on shape and structure, adapt to external force and match with the body form that will contact with them, and do not damage its integraty.Usually the flexible cover of selling generally is by the physical property of whole cover structure, for example launches, stretching and/or elongation property all be that consistent material is made.
Utilize this flexible cover, be difficult to make this cover accurately to adapt with the size and the volume of let-in content.Incomplete coverage makes the part of article or articles for use not be protected inevitably.Because general problem is, accurate dimension is unknown in advance, and/or need have the articles for use that a kind of given cover cooperates more than a type or size, so compare with the size that the prediction purposes is required, it is big that this cover makes comparison of sizes usually, covers to guarantee that articles for use or article can be covered fully.Another problem that usually runs into is, the cover of loose cooperation articles for use may be skidded or distortion action, may cause covering on the articles for use slippage like this and/or leave articles for use fully.
Thereby, need provide a kind of and can fit tightly the volume of wanting shielded articles for use, article and/or material and/or the flexible cover of size.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind ofly comprise that at least one flexible sheet material is combined to form the flexible cover of semienclosed container with periphery.This covers under the effect of the superincumbent articles for use of placing, article or material applied force and can expand, and the capacity of cover is increased, and covers like this and holds articles for use, article or the material that is contained in wherein.
Description of drawings
Although the present invention is to specifically note and to offer some clarification on claims of the present invention as ending, from the explanation of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, with the present invention may be better understood.In the accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral is represented components identical, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the planar view according to representative flexible cover of the present invention;
Fig. 2 A is in part transparent view under the unstretched state basically for the polymer thin-film material of flexible cover of the present invention;
Fig. 2 B is that the polymer thin-film material of flexible cover of the present invention is in the part transparent view under the part extended state;
Fig. 2 C is in than the part transparent view under the big extended state for the polymer thin-film material of flexible cover of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the planar view of another embodiment of the used sheet material of the present invention;
Fig. 4 for poly-mer blank shown in Figure 3 be in part extended state identical shown in Fig. 2 B under planar view.
The specific embodiment
The structure of flexible cover:
Fig. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment according to flexible cover 10 of the present invention.In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, flexible cover 10 comprises the cover body of being made by a flexible sheet material with edge 30 20.Cover 10 is suitable for holding and protects various articles for use, article and/or material, and can be initially roughly two dimension or 3D shape planar shaped or that be pre-formed articles for use, article or the material that will be capped.
According to required purposes and want shielded articles for use, article and/or material, cover 10 can comprise that closing appliance to form fully enclosed overplate, maybe can comprise with the thread edge of elasticity to cooperate the edge of articles for use.Can also comprise connecting device such as VELCRO The interlocked mechanical connecting element, the active shielded or adhesive system that appears, cringle, clamp, chain etc. are arranged, fix or be centered around on the article to guarantee will cover by external device.
Fig. 1 shows a plurality of zones of extending on the surface of this cover.Zone 40 is included in the distortion that many rows impress out dearly on the flexible sheet material of cover body 20, and zone 50 comprises the undeformable zone between wherein.
According to the present invention; the cover body part 20 of flexible storage cover 10 is made by flexible sheet material, and this flexible sheet material can flexibly extend, to adapt to by the power of wanting shielded articles for use, article and/or material outwards to apply; and can also before reaching the limit of stretch of material, stop elongation.This two kinds of character comprehensive makes this cover easily at the very start along with the external force of wanting shielded articles for use, article and/or material production is expanded at the in check elongation of respective direction.This elongation property by the length of expansion cover material, increases the internal capacity of this cover.Therefore, be expanded to geometric configuration and the concave-convex surface profile required degree of applying with the articles for use, article or the material that are capped by the place at needs, cover shows the size shape that holds articles for use, article or the material that will be capped and the ability of geometric shape.
In addition, although preferably whole basically cover body is all made by the sheet material with structure of the present invention and characteristic, in some cases, hope is only in the one or more parts or the zone of this cover body, rather than this material manufacture of whole cover body.For example, can utilize a band of this material system, form a complete endless belt, so that local tensile property is better around this cover body with desirable expansion direction.
The product of cover of the present invention is used and is comprised, for example: the cover that is used for self-propelled vehicle such as automobile, truck, water craft, aircraft, farm vehicle and rail locomotive; The bicycle cover; The cover that is used for outdoor cooker such as gas or carbon barbecue rack; Indoor and outdoor furniture; Individual's protectiveness clothing comprises the hairdressers' room curtain; Bandage; Brush with cover and curtain; Health or sterilizing article are as dentistry and surgery apparatus; Tablecloth; Child's cover for seat; The test cell table cover; Automatic windshield cover; The Bicycles and Motorcycles cover for seat; Umbrella cover; Light shield; The toilet seat cover; The aircraft cover for seat; Rapid wear vehicle parts cover in interior the transmission; The drinking container insulating boot; Bavin standing grain or log cover; Or the like.On limited meaning, sheet material can have enough stretchings or elongation characteristics, with the sheet material by original flat form have an appropriate size can be by the cover of bigger stretching, but not form this cover by folding and seal operation.
Representative materials:
For constructional feature and the feature performance benefit that the flexible cover according to the present invention is described better, Fig. 2 A be applicable to amplifying greatly of one section sheet material 52 making cover body 20 illustrated in figures 1 and 2 for expression the part transparent view.Authorize in people's such as Chappell No. the 5518801st, the commonly assigned US Patent on May 21st, 1996, understand as be applicable to material and the manufacturing and the characterizing method of material described herein one class of the present invention in detail, disclosed content is incorporated herein by reference.
Referring now to Fig. 2 A, sheet material 52 comprises " deformable network " of zones of different.Terminology used here " deformable network " is meant and is connected to each other and mutual one group of relevant zone, this group zone can extend to certain useful degree in a predetermined direction, make this sheet material along with the elongation that is applied and remove subsequently, have the elastomeric character of class.This deformable network comprises at least one first area 64 and a second area 66.Sheet material 52 is included in a transitional region 65 on the interface between first area 64 and the second area 66.Transitional region 65 will present the character that first area and the two complexity of second area integrate.Can recognize, be applicable to that each embodiment of this sheet material of the present invention has a transitional region; Yet the character of this material is by the decision of the character of the sheet material in first area 64 and second area 66.Like this, because the character of sheet material does not depend on the complicated character of the sheet material in transitional region 65, therefore, later explanation will only relate to the character of the sheet material in first area and second area.
Sheet material 52 has first surface 52a and second surface 52b on the other side.In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 A, this deformable network comprises a plurality of first areas 64 and a plurality of second area 66.First area 64 has the first axle 68 and second axis 69, and wherein, first axle 68 is preferably long than second axis 69.The first axle 68 of first area 64, roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis " L " of sheet material 52; Its second axis 69 is then roughly parallel with the transverse axis " T " of sheet material 52.Preferably, the length of second axis of this first area, promptly the width of first area is about 0.01 inch to about 0.5 inch; More preferably about 0.03 inch to about 0.25 inch.Second area 66 has the first axle 70 and second axis 71.First axle 70 is roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis of sheet material 52, second axis 71 then roughly with the transverse axis of sheet material 52.Preferably, the length of second axis of this second area, promptly the width of second area is about 0.01 inch to about 2.0 inches; More preferably about 0.125 inch to about 1.0 inches.In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 A, first area 64 and second area 66 are linear basically, and they extend on roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis of sheet material 52 direction continuously.
The modulus of elasticity of first area 64 is E 1, cross-sectional area is A 1The modulus of elasticity of second area 66 is E 2, cross-sectional area is A 2
In an illustrated embodiment, sheet material 52 " is made ": when bearing the axial elongation that is applied on roughly parallel with longitudinal axis direction, this sheet material 52 produces resistance along an axis.Under the situation of illustrated embodiment, this axis is roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis of this sheet material.Terminology used here " is made " and is meant desirable structure of formation or geometric configuration on sheet material, and when it was not subjected to any elongation that adds or power, this sheet material kept this desirable structure or geometric configuration basically.Sheet material of the present invention is made of at least one first area and a second area, and wherein, the first area is visually different with second area.When terminology used here " visually different " is meant and normally uses when this sheet material or with the object that this sheet material is made, the characteristics of this sheet material that is easy to distinguish with normal bore hole.Terminology used here " surface-pathlength " be meant roughly with the direction of a parallel axes on, measure along of the profile convex-concave surface in the zone of being discussed.Determine the method for the surface-pathlength that each is regional, can in the Test Methods section of above-mentioned people's such as Chappell patent, obtain.
The method that manufacturing is used for this sheet material of the present invention includes, but are not limited to: by making the engagement carrying out of flat board or roller embossing, thermoforming, high pressure hydroforming or casting.As following will explaining, though whole sheet material 52 forms processing, the present invention also can only make the part of this sheet material, for example, comprises a part of material forming of cover body 20.
In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 2 A, first area 64 is planar shaped basically.That is, the material in the first area 64 through before the forming process and after the forming process, is in same state at sheet material 52 basically.Second area 66 comprises the rib-shaped piece 74 of a plurality of protuberances.These a plurality of rib-shaped pieces can embossing, not embossing, or the combination of embossing and not embossing.Rib-shaped piece 74 has roughly primary shaft or the major axis 76 with the transverse axis of sheet material 52, and roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis of sheet material 52 second or minor axis 77.The length parallel with the primary shaft 76 of this rib-shaped piece 74 equals and its second 77 parallel length at least; Preferably long than the latter.Preferably, primary shaft 76 and second 77 length ratio was at least about 1: 1 or bigger; More preferably at least about 2: 1 or bigger.
Rib-shaped piece 74 in the second area 66 can be separated each other by deformed zone.Preferably, this rib-shaped piece 74 is adjacent one another are, and when in the directional survey vertical with the major axis 76 of this rib-shaped piece 74, this rib-shaped piece 74 is separated by the shapeless zone less than 0.10 inch; More preferably, this rib-shaped piece 74 is continuous, does not have deformed zone between them basically.
This first area 64 and second area 66 have " path of projection " separately.Terminology used here " path of projection " is meant by the length of the shadow in a parallel light-struck zone.The path of the projection of the path of the projection of first area 64 and second area 66 is equal to each other.
Under the state that is in not stretching at sheet material, when on the direction parallel, measuring sheet material external concave convex form with the longitudinal axis of sheet material 52, the surface-pathlength L of first area 64 1Surface-pathlength L than second area 66 2Little.Preferably, the surface-pathlength of second area 66 grows 15% approximately than the surface-pathlength of first area 64 at least; Preferably, grow 30% approximately than the surface-pathlength of first area at least; And most preferably grow 70% approximately than the surface-pathlength of first area at least.Usually, the surface-pathlength of second area is big more, and then before running into stressed wall, the elongation of sheet material is big more.In above-mentioned people's such as Chappell patent, the appropriate method of the surface-pathlength of measuring this material has been described.
Improved " poisson lateral shrinkage percentage (the Poisson lateral contraction effct) " of sheet material 52, this shrinkage percentage than a kind of identical base sheet of same material composition is little basically.Determine the method for the poisson lateral shrinkage percentage of material, can in the Test Methods section of people's such as above-mentioned Chappell patent, obtain.Preferably, when sheet material elongation for about 20% the time, the poisson lateral shrinkage percentage that is applicable to sheet material of the present invention is less than about 0.4.Preferably, when the elongation of sheet material be about 40%, 50% or even 60% the time, the poisson lateral shrinkage percentage of this sheet material is less than about 0.4.More preferably, when the elongation of sheet material was 20%, 40%, 50% or 60%, its poisson lateral shrinkage percentage was less than about 0.3.The poisson lateral shrinkage percentage of this sheet material is determined by the amount of the sheet material that is occupied by first and second zones respectively.When the sheet material area that is occupied by the first area increased, the poisson lateral shrinkage percentage also increased.On the contrary, when the area of the sheet material that is occupied by second area increased, the poisson lateral shrinkage percentage reduced.Preferably, the area in percentum of the sheet material that is occupied by the first area is about 2% to about 90%; Even more preferably about 5% to about 50%.
Poisson lateral shrinkage percentage with sheet material of the prior art of one deck elastomeric material at least is bigger, that is, when extending along with the applied force sheet material, sheet material meeting " reduction of area ".The poisson lateral shrinkage percentage that is used for sheet material of the present invention, if not having eliminated basically, can be moderate.
For sheet material 52, the direction of the axial elongation D that applies among Fig. 2 A shown in the arrow 80, roughly the primary shaft 76 with above-mentioned rib-shaped piece 74 is vertical.This rib-shaped piece 74 on roughly vertical with its primary shaft 76 direction, can not crooked or only be made geometry variation, and allow sheet material 52 elongations.
Referring now to Fig. 2 B, when sheet material 52 is subjected to the time spent of doing of the axial elongation D that applies shown in arrow 80 among Fig. 2 B, since the result of molecular level distortion, surface-pathlength L 1Short 64 pairs of elongations that applied in first area form most initial resistance P 1In this stage, the rib-shaped piece 74 in the second area 66 produces geometry variation or not crooked; And the minimum resistance of elongation generation to being applied.When carrying out the transition to next stage, this rib-shaped piece 74 is aimed at (that is, with this elongation coplane) with the elongation that is applied.That is, this second area changes to the molecular level distortion from geometry variation.The beginning of the effect wall of power that Here it is.In the stage shown in Fig. 2 C, the rib-shaped piece 74 in the second area 66 is basically with the planar alignment (that is coplane) of the elongation that is applied (being the limit that second area has reached its geometry variation); And by the molecular level distortion, beginning further stops elongation.Because the result of molecular level distortion, 66 pairs of elongations that applied of this second area form the second resistance P 2Resistance by the molecular level deformation construction of distortion of the molecular level of first area 64 and second area 66 to extending, form a total drag PT, this total drag PT compares by the formed resistance of geometry variation of the molecular level distortion of first area 64 and second area 66 big.
As (L 1+ D)＜L 2The time, resistance P 1Basically greater than resistance P 2As (L 1+ D)＜L 2The time, the initial resistance P that the first area forms 1, generally satisfy following formula: P 1 = ( A 1 × E 1 × D ) L 1
As (L 1+ D)＞L 2The time, the comprehensive total drag PT to apply elongation D that first and second zones form, generally satisfy following formula: PT = ( A 1 × E 1 × D ) L 1 + ( A 2 × E 2 × | L 1 + D - L 2 | ) L 2
Before reaching the stage shown in Fig. 2 C, the maximum elongation producing in the corresponding stage with Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B is " effective elongation " of formed sheet material.This effective elongation is equivalent to the distance that second area stands geometry variation.The scope of effective elongation can about 10% to about 100% or bigger between change; And major part can be by the surface-pathlength L in the second area 2Surpass the surface-pathlength L in the first area 1Degree and the Composition Control of substrate film.Term " effective elongation " is not meant the limit of the elongation that sheet material of the present invention may be subjected to, because there are some application scenarios to wish that elongation exceeds effective elongation.
Unless sheet material elongation surpasses yield point, otherwise when this sheet material is subjected to the elongation that applied, when applying prolonging direction extended, this sheet material presented the class elastic property; And in case the elongation that is applied is removed, then sheet material returns back to its state that does not stretch basically again.The cycles of elongation that this sheet material can stand repeatedly to be applied, and can not lose the ability of its recovery.Therefore, in case the elongation that is applied is removed, sheet material can return back to its state that does not stretch basically.
Though sheet material can be easily and oppositely in the direction of the axial elongation that is applied, promptly roughly vertical with the primary shaft of rib-shaped piece direction is extended, and this sheet material is difficult for extending in roughly parallel with the primary shaft of this rib-shaped piece direction.The formation of rib-shaped piece can allow rib-shaped piece on roughly vertical with the primary shaft of this rib-shaped piece or major axis direction, produces geometry variation; It also requires to be essentially the distortion of molecular level simultaneously, so that extend on roughly parallel with the primary shaft of this rib-shaped piece direction.
Extend the required power size that applies of this sheet material, depend on the composition of this sheet material and the width and the spacing distance of cross-sectional area and first area, when narrow more and spacing was wide more when the first area, for given composition and cross-sectional area, it was more little to reach the required stretching force that applies of desirable elongation.The length of primary shaft (that is, the length of first area) the preferably length than second (that is, the width of first area) is big, and optimum aspect ratio is about 5: 1 or bigger.
In addition, in order to control the effective elongation that is applicable to sheet material of the present invention, the degree of depth of this rib-shaped piece and the frequency of occurrences can change.If for the frequency of occurrences of given rib-shaped piece, the height of this rib-shaped piece or the degree of shaping increase, and then effective elongation increases.Equally, if for given height or shaping degree, the frequency that rib-shaped piece occurs increases, and then effective elongation also increases.
By this material is applied on the flexible cover of the present invention, there are several functional characters to be controlled.These functional characters are: the resistance that the sheet material antagonism elongation that applies produces, and before running into the effect wall of power, the effective elongation of this sheet material.The resistance that the sheet material antagonism elongation that applies produces is material (for example, composition, molecular structure and orientation etc.) and cross-sectional area thereof, and the function of the percentum of the proj ected surface areas of the sheet material that is occupied by the first area.For given material composition and cross-sectional area thereof, the sheet material percentage area that is occupied by the first area is big more, and then the resistance that produces of the sheet material antagonism elongation that applies is big more.The percentage area of the sheet material that is occupied by the first area, partly (as not being whole words) determine by the spacing distance between the width of first area and the adjacent first area.
The effective elongation of sheet material is determined by the surface-pathlength of second area.The surface-pathlength of second area is determined with the shaping degree of depth at the rib-shaped piece of the directional survey vertical with the sheet material plane by the frequency of occurrences of the interval of rib-shaped piece, rib-shaped piece at least in part.Usually, the surface-pathlength of second area is big more, and then the effective elongation of sheet material is big more.
As above described to Fig. 2 A～2C, the first area 64 of sheet material 52 forms certain resistance to elongation at the very start, and the rib-shaped piece 74 of second area 66 then produces geometry variation.When rib-shaped piece transitted to the plane of sheet material first area, because whole sheet material produces the molecular level distortion, therefore the resistance to elongation increased.Therefore, when the closed container made as flexible cover one class of the present invention, the sheet material described in people's such as described and above-mentioned Chappell of Fig. 2 A～2C the patent is for the invention provides feature performance benefit.
Utilize another advantage of above-mentioned sheet material manufacturing flexible cover of the present invention to be: the vision and the sense of touch attractive force that have increased this material.The thin polymer film character of the common flexible cover that is used for making this base polymer is generally thinner, and often does surface treatment level and smooth and polishing.Though some maker uses other veining of less degree to handle embossing or film surface, is to carry out on the outside side of the cover that processes at least, the cover made from this material still has smooth and fragile sense of touch.Thin material combines with the morphology that is two dimension basically, stays very thin, the short-life exaggerative impression of flexible cover of this poly-mer to the customer.
On the contrary, be used for sheet material of the present invention, for example the sheet material of Fig. 2 A～2C has three-dimensional cross-sectional profiles, and wherein, this sheet material (being under the unstretched state) is distortion in addition on its main plane.This just provides the additional surfaces zone for gripping, and has eliminated and be essentially flat, the smooth gloss that the surface had usually.When staff was caught cover, three-dimensional rib-shaped piece also had " softness " sense of touch, and it is than the sense of touch ideal of traditional system cover material, and the impression that has thickness and durability all to increase.Additional texture also reduces the noise that certain class membraneous material is produced, and has caused sense of hearing sense to improve.
Base material is constituted the suitable mechanical method that is applicable to sheet material of the present invention, be well-known technically, and in people's such as above-mentioned Chappell patent with authorized on July 22nd, 1997 in people's such as Anderson No. the 5650214th, the commonly assigned US Patent openly, the disclosed content of the latter is incorporated herein by reference.
Another kind is applicable to that with the base material formation method of sheet material of the present invention is vacuum forming.An example of vacuum forming method is authorized in people's such as Radel No. the 4342314th, the commonly assigned US Patent open in August 3 nineteen eighty-two.Another kind of scheme is, according to the explanation in No. the 4609518th, the commonly assigned US Patent of authorizing people such as Curro on September 2nd, 1986, can make this sheet material with the method for hydraulic forming.The content of above-mentioned each patent disclosure is incorporated herein by reference.
Manufacturing process can be undertaken by static mode, promptly once makes independent parts distortion of a substrate film.Another kind of scheme is, this manufacturing process can utilize the dynamic pressure machine of a continous way to carry out, so that the blank of contact movement is off and on made shaping sheet material of the present invention with base material.In above-mentioned people's such as Chappell patent, illustrated that more fully these and other make the method for sheet material of the present invention.Flexible cover can be used the sheet material manufacturing that is shaped; Perhaps another kind of scheme is, can make flexible cover earlier, and the method for utilizing sheet material to be shaped then is shaped its.
Referring now to Fig. 3, can also utilize other figure that is used for first and second zones, as being applicable to sheet material 52 of the present invention.Sheet material 52 shown in Figure 3 is the states that do not stretch basically.Sheet material 52 has two line of centerss, and wherein a longitudinal centerline hereinafter is called axle, line or direction " L " again, and another horizontal or lateral centerline hereinafter is called axle, line or direction " T " again.Cross central line " T " is general vertical with longitudinal centerline " L ".In people's such as above-mentioned Anderson patent, material shown in Figure 3 has been done more detailed explanation.
In conjunction with as described in Fig. 2 A～2C, sheet material 52 comprises " deformable network " of zones of different as above.This deformable network comprises a plurality of first areas 60 and a plurality of second area 66 that visually differs from one another.Sheet material 52 also comprises the transition region 65 on the interface between first area 60 and the second area 66.As mentioned above, the character of transition region 65 is the complicated comprehensive of above-mentioned first area and the two character of second area.
Sheet material 52 has first surface (being towards the viewer among Fig. 3) and second surface (not shown) on the other side.In preferred embodiment shown in Figure 3, this deformable network comprises a plurality of first areas 60 and a plurality of second area 66.Part by the first area 60 of label 61 expression is linear basically, and extends upward in first party.Remainder by the first area 60 of label 62 expression also is linear basically, and extends upward in roughly vertical with first direction second party.Though preferably this first direction is vertical with second direction,, other angular relationship can be arranged between first direction and the second direction then as long as a part 61 and the remainder 62 of first area intersect each other.Preferably, the angular range between first and second directions is about 45 ° to about 135 °, most preferably is 90 °.By the part 61 of the first area shown in the long and two-short dash line among Fig. 3 63 and the intersection of remainder 62, form the border that surrounds second area 66 fully.
Preferably, the width 68 of first area 60 is about 0.01 inch to about 0.5 inch, more preferably is about 0.03 inch to about 0.25 inch.Yet other width dimensions of first area 60 also is suitable.Because the part of first area 61 and remainder 62 are mutually perpendicular, and spaced-apart equal distance, so second area is square.Yet other shape of second area 66 also is suitable, and can pass through to change the interval between each first area, and/or the situation that the part 61 of first area is aimed at remainder 62 realizes.Second area 66 has primary shaft 70 and second 71.Primary shaft 70 is roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis of sheet material 52, and second 71 roughly with the transverse axis of sheet material 52.The modulus of elasticity of first area 60 is E 1, cross-sectional area is A 1The modulus of elasticity of second area 66 is E 2, cross-sectional area is A 2
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, first area 60 is planar shaped basically.That is, through before the forming processes and afterwards, the materials in the first area 60 are in same state basically at sheet material 52.Second area 66 comprises the rib-shaped piece 74 of a plurality of protuberances.These a plurality of rib-shaped pieces 74 can embossing, the combination of not embossing or embossing and not embossing.This rib-shaped piece 74 has roughly parallel with the longitudinal axis of sheet material 52 primary shaft or major axis 76, and roughly with second or minor axis 77 of the transverse axis of sheet material 52.
Rib-shaped piece 74 in the second area 66 can be separated by deformed zone each other, and this rib-shaped piece does not have embossing or not embossing basically; Or simply make isolated zone.Preferably, this rib-shaped piece 74 is adjacent one another are, and when when measuring with the major axis 76 of rib-shaped piece 74, separate by shapeless zone each other less than 0.10 inch, more preferably, this rib-shaped piece 74 is connected, and does not have deformed zone between them basically.
First area 60 and second area 66 have " path of projection " separately.Terminology used here " path of projection " is meant by the length of the shadow in a parallel light-struck zone.The projected pathlength of first area 60 and second area 66 is equal to each other.
When sheet material is under the unstretched state, in parallel direction when the concaveconvex shape of sheet surface is measured, the surface-pathlength L of first area 60 1Surface-pathlength L than second area 66 2Little.Preferably, the surface-pathlength of second area 66 is at least than the surface-pathlength of first area 60 about 15%; Even more preferably about at least 30%; Most preferably about at least 70%.Usually, the surface-pathlength of second area is big more, and then before running into the effect wall of power, the elongation of sheet material is also big more.
For sheet material 52, roughly the primary shaft 76 with rib-shaped piece 74 is vertical for the direction of the axial elongation D that is applied of arrow 80 expressions among Fig. 3.This be because, this rib-shaped piece 74 on roughly vertical with its primary shaft 76 direction, can not crooked or only be made geometry variation, and allow sheet material 52 elongations.
Referring now to Fig. 4, the axial elongation D that is applied shown in the arrow 80 does the time spent among Fig. 4 when sheet material 52 is subjected to, since the result of molecular level distortion, the surperficial path L of first area 60 1Shorter, make for applying elongation, form most of initial resistance P 1, this and Phase I adapt.In Phase I, the rib-shaped piece 74 in the second area 66 is subjected to geometry variation, or not crooked, and the elongation that is applied is formed minimum resistance.In addition, because the part 61 of first area and remainder 62 intersect the result of the net structure motion that forms, the alteration of form of second area 66.Thereby when the time spent is done in the elongation that sheet material 52 is subjected to being applied, a part 61 and all the other parts 62 of first area stand geometry variation or bending, so the alteration of form of second area 66.On the direction parallel with the direction of applying elongation, second area prolongs or elongation, and on the direction vertical with the direction of applying elongation, its longitudinal bending or contraction.
Except above-mentioned class elastic property, the texture of Fig. 3 and sheet material shown in Figure 4 and outward appearance be soft, more like cloth, noiselessness more in the use.
The material that is fit to the various compositions of manufacturing flexible cover of the present invention, no matter it is whether natural for two-dimensional structure or be made for three-dimensional structure, comprise basically the not infiltrative material of tool, as, polyvinylchloride (PVC), Vingon (PVDC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), aluminium foil, coating (waxing etc.) and uncoated paper, the non-woven fleece of coating etc.; And the infiltrative material of tool basically, such as scrim, mesh, weaven goods, non-woven fleece or membrana perforata or perforated film.These materials can comprise single component or single synusia; It perhaps can be the composite structure of multiple material.
In case required material piece (comprising all or part of material that is used for cover body) is made in certain desirable and suitable mode, cover can be constructed by any known and suitable mode and be formed, and is used to make the cover of commercial form as known in the art.Heat, machinery or adhesive agent bonding technology can be used for the various parts of cover or combination of elements to oneself on one's body or be bonded to each other.In addition, cover body can be used the molded of thermoplastic shaping, spray moulding or alternate manner, rather than dependence is folding and bonding technology is constructed cover body by material roll sheet or thin slice.
Although have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is evident that for those of skill in the art various without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention other changes and modification all is feasible.Therefore, the present invention is tending towards covering all changes and the modification in the scope of the invention in appending claims.

Claims (10)

1. flexible cover, it is characterized in that, it is combined to form the semi-enclosed container with periphery by at least one flexible sheet material, can expand under the described effect that covers on the superincumbent articles for use of placing, article or material applied force, and the capacity of described cover is increased, described like this cover holds articles for use, article or the material that is contained in wherein.
2. flexible cover as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described flexible cover has with the thread edge of elasticity.
3. as each described flexible cover in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, described sheet material comprises first area and the second area that is made of the same material composition, when described sheet material is subjected to along elongation that at least one axis applies, described first area produces the distortion that is essentially molecular level, and described second area begins to produce the distortion that is essentially geometric configuration.
4. flexible cover as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described first district and described second district visually differ from one another.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described flexible covers, it is characterized in that described second district comprises the rib-shaped piece of a plurality of protuberances.
6. as claim 3,4 or 5 described flexible covers, it is characterized in that described first district does not have rib-shaped piece basically.
7. as each described flexible cover in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, when forming closed container, response external is applied to the power on the described flexible cover, described sheet material is done the time spent in the elongation that applies that is subjected to along being parallel to an axle, along described at least axle the resistance that the axial elongation that is applied produces is presented at least two obvious stages inequality; Described sheet material comprises: the deformable network with at least two visually different zones, before the structure in a zone in described two zones makes that another the regional a large portion in described two zones produces obvious resistance to the described axial elongation that applies, can on the direction parallel, produce resistance by the described axial elongation that applies of response with described axle; When with parallel measurement of described axle, and described sheet material is in unstretched state following time, at least one the regional surface-pathlength in described two zones is bigger than another the regional surface-pathlength in described two zones; The described zone that described surface-pathlength is long comprises one or more rib-shaped pieces; Before making described surface-pathlength a large portion in long described zone entering the plane of the axial elongation that is applied, described sheet material produces first resistance to the elongation that is applied in that the elongation of described sheet material is enough big; On described sheet material the axial elongation that further applies is presented second resistance, the total drag that described sheet material produces is bigger than the resistance that described first area produces.
8. as each described flexible cover in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that, when forming closed container, response external is applied to the power on the described flexible cover, described sheet material presents at least two stages along described at least axis to the resistance that the axial elongation that is applied produces when the elongation effect that the applies D that is subjected to along an axle; Described sheet material comprises: by the deformable network that visually different zone is formed, described deformable network comprises at least one first area and a second area; When described sheet material is under the unstretched state, during with described axle horizontal survey, the first surface path of described first area is L 1When described sheet material is under the unstretched state, when being parallel to described shaft centerline measurement, the second surface path of described second area is L 2Described first surface path L 1Than described second surface path L 2Little; Described first area itself, the axial elongation D that response is applied produces resistance P 1The axial elongation D that applies of the described institute of described second area response itself produces resistance P 2As (L 1+ D)＜L 2The time, described resistance P 1Than described resistance P 2Much bigger.
9. as each described flexible cover in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that described sheet material has the class elastic property along at least one, described sheet material comprises: at least one first area and a second area; Described first area and second area are made of same material composition, and all there is the projected pathlength that does not stretch in each zone; When forming closed container, response external is applied to the power on the described flexible cover, described sheet material is done the time spent in the elongation that applies that is subjected to being arranged essentially parallel to described axle, and described first area produces the distortion of molecular level basically, and described second area begins to produce the distortion that is essentially geometric configuration; When the described elongation that applies was removed, described first area and described second area were replied the projected pathlength that it does not stretch basically.
10. as claim 3,7,8 or 9 described flexible covers, it is characterized in that described sheet material comprises a plurality of first areas and a plurality of second area that is made of the identical materials composition; The part of described first area extends upward in first party, and the remainder of described first area extends on the direction vertical with described first direction, and intersects each other; Described first area forms a border that surrounds described second area fully.
CN00809122A 1999-06-18 2000-06-16 Stretchable, conformable protective covers Pending CN1356953A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33621499A 1999-06-18 1999-06-18
US09/336,214 1999-06-18

Publications (1)

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CN1356953A true CN1356953A (en) 2002-07-03

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EP (1) EP1187774B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003502237A (en)
KR (1) KR20020014816A (en)
CN (1) CN1356953A (en)
AU (1) AU5880000A (en)
BR (1) BR0011697A (en)
CA (1) CA2375164A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60005184T2 (en)
MX (1) MXPA01013179A (en)
WO (1) WO2000078637A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6513975B1 (en) * 2000-06-19 2003-02-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Bag with extensible handles

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4342314A (en) 1979-03-05 1982-08-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Resilient plastic web exhibiting fiber-like properties
GB2175564B (en) * 1985-04-10 1988-11-30 Ngk Insulators Ltd A stack of insulator strings
US4609518A (en) 1985-05-31 1986-09-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-phase process for debossing and perforating a polymeric web to coincide with the image of one or more three-dimensional forming structures
FR2589831B1 (en) * 1985-11-12 1988-01-15 Duplessy Herve SPACER FOR SEPARATING LAYERS OF SUPERIMPOSED ARTICLES PACKED IN CASES OR THE LIKE
US5518801A (en) * 1993-08-03 1996-05-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Web materials exhibiting elastic-like behavior
US5650214A (en) * 1996-05-31 1997-07-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Web materials exhibiting elastic-like behavior and soft, cloth-like texture

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EP1187774B1 (en) 2003-09-10
DE60005184T2 (en) 2004-06-24
MXPA01013179A (en) 2002-06-04
DE60005184D1 (en) 2003-10-16
CA2375164A1 (en) 2000-12-28
EP1187774A1 (en) 2002-03-20
KR20020014816A (en) 2002-02-25
WO2000078637A1 (en) 2000-12-28
JP2003502237A (en) 2003-01-21
BR0011697A (en) 2002-03-05
AU5880000A (en) 2001-01-09

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