CN1340111A - Method for machining a component surface - Google Patents
Method for machining a component surface Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1340111A CN1340111A CN00803917A CN00803917A CN1340111A CN 1340111 A CN1340111 A CN 1340111A CN 00803917 A CN00803917 A CN 00803917A CN 00803917 A CN00803917 A CN 00803917A CN 1340111 A CN1340111 A CN 1340111A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- scanning
- aforementioned
- cylinder
- zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for machining the surface of a component by means of a particle stream produced by thermal spraying. According to the invention the particle stream scans the surface of the component to be machined at least partly in accordance with a defined pattern.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing beam-plasma that the parts surface that is arranged in treatment zone is handled as described in the preamble according to claim 1.
The hypoeutectic al-si alloy that is mainly used in cylinder crankcase is owing to the friction load of attrition resistant silicon phase composition this system of--piston ring--cylinder face that is not suitable for piston very little.Transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy, for example alloy A lSil
7Cu
4Mg has enough silicon crystal compositions.By treatment step chemistry and/or machinery, with respect to the parent that is made of the aluminium crystal, this hard attrition resistant structural constituent is improved, and constitutes the supporting surface composition an of necessity.But with respect to hypoeutectic alloy and accurate eutectic alloy, the defective of this alloy be difference castability, difference handle (can process) property and high cost.
A possibility that overcomes these defectives is to be cast into by high-abrasive material, for example gray cast iron alloy and cross the cylinder sleeve that the crystal aluminium alloy is made.But the problem of this moment is combination between cylinder sleeve and the double teeming material, this just interlock by machinery guarantee.By adopting a kind of porous ceramic cylinder jacket material, this ceramic cylinder jacket material is immersed and form a kind of combination of storeroom.Require this moment mould is carried out filling slowly and uses high pressure, this reduces the economy of this method greatly.
Another kind method is that hypoeutectic alloy and accurate eutectic alloy directly are coated on the working face as electroplated coating.But this method is very expensive and on tribo-chemistry its wear resistance not enough.Also having a kind of method is to constitute thermally sprayed coating, and they equally also are applied directly on the working face.But owing to only be connection on the micro mechanics, the bond strength of these coatings is not enough.
Therefore the someone advises using laser apparatus that alloy material, disperse processing and applying coating are melted, injected in the surface again, and improvement is implemented on the surface, for example by disclosed such among the document DE19643029A1.But this moment defective be, the cylinder face of making like this is coated with mask too many eyelet, and its immersion depth is less, the result, the adhesive power of the coating of coating is less, and is undesirable.
Task of the present invention is, a kind of method of improved mentioned kind is provided, and they have overcome defective noted earlier and can realize producing fast in the short treatment time.
According to the present invention, this task is that the method by the mentioned kind of a feature with the characteristic in the claim 1 solves.Favourable schemes more of the present invention have been provided in the dependent claims.
According to the present invention, in the method for a mentioned kind, the regulation particle beam scans parts surface to be processed according to a predetermined pattern at least in part.
Its advantage is, by for example less load area only being carried out the processing of part, reaches the purpose that shortens the treatment time.
Suitable manner is to implement thermospray by means of flame plating, the plasma spraying that has beam-plasma or high pressure painting.
For example Yu Ding pattern comprise at least to surface to be processed once scan, especially twice reverse scanning or with for example 1 ° of-90 ° of repeatedly spiral scanning of a predetermined ascending angle α.The another kind of situation of this pattern or additionally comprise linear, corneous a, cross-like that surface to be processed is carried out or the scanning of point-like.When this moment surface to be processed be in the cylinder of crank case of internal combustion engine during with cylinder face that piston matches, so according to the requirement of purpose, be in the upper dead point of piston and a zone between the bottom dead centre, to carry out according to the scanning of a preset pattern.
In the zone of for example bearing high loading of parts, beam-plasma is full surface to the small part that is scanned up to of parts surface to be processed, so that realize alloying on full surface.If this moment, the surface that will process was the cylinder face that matches with piston in the cylinder of crank case of internal combustion engine, so, the scanning on full surface is preferably in the upper dead point of piston and the zone between the bottom dead centre to be carried out.This moment, the scanning on full surface was for example carried out on a height at least, this height is corresponding to the width of the piston ring group of piston, the amount of width that wherein especially advantageously full surface scan will surpass the piston ring group of piston is 12% of a travel of piston, for example is approximately 5mm.
By near the regional area before the particle beam zone of action, in this zone and/or in the regional area after this zone, with laser beam the material of parts is implemented fusing, and obtain a kind of result, be that immersion depth is bigger, material enter material better and that apply with beam-plasma and parts material be connected better.
In order further to improve the performance of the material layer that applies, after processing, parts surface is additionally used laser beam treatment, especially again fusing.
According to the requirement of purpose, constitute a molten bath by the component materials in the fusing coating area.
For example, parts are made with aluminium, and the crankcase of a piston type internal combustion engine especially, will carry out coating and handle on its cylinder face of cylinder.At this moment in a preferred embodiment, during making attrition resistant surface, through-flow a kind of heat-eliminating medium, especially the GN 2 or a kind of cooling liqs in the water cavity of crankcase.
In order to make a wearing face, in especially favourable mode, a kind of powder attitude material, especially silicon or a kind of silicon alloy are coated on the material of parts by means of particle beam, this moment these parts material aluminium preferably.
For example, on the surface of parts, constitute a wearing face, the especially wearing face of thermally sprayed coating form by surface treatment.Especially advantageously in the treating processes of making wearing face, then implement a honing operation and handle as a supplement this moment, can polish surfaces hardened thus.
From dependent claims and below the contrast accompanying drawing can draw further feature of the present invention, advantage and favourable structure the present invention will be described.In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is the schematic section of the device of a beam-plasma of a usefulness and a laser beam treatment parts surface,
Fig. 2 is the view of an amplification of a treatment zone,
Fig. 3 is a synoptic diagram according to first preferred embodiment of processing pattern of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is a synoptic diagram according to second preferred embodiment of processing pattern of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is a synoptic diagram according to another preferred embodiment of processing pattern of the present invention.
Comprise a plasma burner 10 and a laser apparatus 12 at the preferred embodiment that is used for the surface-treated device shown in Fig. 1 and 2, wherein plasma burner 10 sends the beam-plasma 14 that has a kind of coated material 16, and laser apparatus 12 gives off laser beam 18.Parts to be processed are a crankcase with corresponding cylinder-bore 19 that is not shown specifically herein, and wherein to be processed is the surface 20 of cylinder wall 22.Crankcase is for example made with aluminium, is in order to constitute a wearing face in the zone of the working face of cylinder, to move up and down in cylinder 19 at piston that does not illustrate on this working face to the processing on surface 20.Coated material 16 for example is the silicon of powder attitude for this reason, and it is coated on the surface 20 by beam-plasma 14 as the coating layer element that is melted.Plasma burner 10 is extend in the cylinder 19 for this reason and rotate, shown in arrow 24 (see figure 1)s and 25 (see figure 2)s, make beam-plasma 14 scanning of a surfaces 20 around self axis.That zone of beam-plasma 14 current contacts is hereinafter referred to as treatment zone or coated areas 26.Enter into the material of cylinder wall 22 at this zone floating coat material 16.
The additional laser apparatus 12 that is provided with is to arrange like this outside plasma burner 10, promptly along handling direction 25 laser apparatus 12 surface in contact 20 before plasma burner 10.Be the energy of selecting laser apparatus 12 like this at this moment, be melted at the material of the point of contact upper cylinder wall 22 of laser beam 18, thereby before beam-plasma 14 contacts, form a melting area or molten bath 28.In other words, beam-plasma 14 adds the coated material 16 that contains in the plasma body in the melting area 28 immediately following with laser beam 18.Coated material 16 is incorporated in the material of cylinder wall 22 by alloy junction in the mode of the best like this.
A kind of thus laser applies and a kind of plasma coated combines and implement in an independent operation.Spacing between this moment laser beam 18 and the beam-plasma 14 is the function of the factors such as diameter of the reflectivity of material of laser power, desirable depth of fusion, melting area length, cylinder wall 22 and cylinder 19.
This moment, the two-beam that is made of laser beam 18 and beam-plasma 14 did not carry out on the entire cylinder working face entirely outwardly to the scanning on surface 20 according to the present invention, but carry out according to predetermined pattern in predetermined zone.Fig. 3 to 5 shows the example of this pattern, injects the passage 29 of alloy and coating as laser.
As can be seen from Fig. 3, scanning in the zone of the upper dead point 30 (OT) of a unshowned piston and bottom dead centre 32 (UT) is being carried out on full surface, and the height of scanning adds for example 5 millimeters corresponding to the height 34 of piston ring group, is equivalent to 12% of travel of piston.Scanning to surface 20 in the zone between OT30 and UT32 is to carry out spirally under the ascending angle of one 1 to 90 degree.
In the pattern of Fig. 4, be surface 20 to be scanned along two relative spiral-linees.Also adopt three or many spiral-linees this moment in a preferred structure that does not illustrate.According to the embodiment of Fig. 5, to surface 20 scanning be linear ground, dihedral ground, across or point-like carry out.
In bearing less load area, part scanning is carried out on 20 on surface, guaranteed that cylinder face has enough wearing faces on the one hand, shortened the treatment time in making on the other hand, correspondingly reduced expense.
According to the present invention, utilizing laser apparatus 12 is silicon compositions 16 of for the marginal layer that improves hypoeutectic aluminium alloy and accurate eutectic aluminum alloy.In the method for the single stage shown in, during with laser treatment, the aluminium silica flour is applied in the melting area 28 of generation with the suitable amount of infeeding for this reason.According to the coat-thickness that can realize situation this moment of load more than 2 millimeters.This moment is very little with the requirement of the degree of mixing of base mateiral.In the scope of silicon component content between 20% and 40% in the powder that infeeds.If the minimum coat-thickness that requirement has high degree of mixing then will adopt the powder 16 of silicon component content between 40% and 60%.Because powder 16 should dissolve in melting area 28 fully, therefore selected machined parameters such as speed of advancement and laser power must guarantee the molten bath life-span of a minimum.Select a suitable beam intensity to be distributed with and be beneficial to the expense that reduces processing.In addition, has the nugget of right angle cross section as far as possible and the circuit juxtaposition point that produces seldom thus is favourable.
Except as required the entire cylinder working face being carried out the alloy treatment on full surface, mainly be the processing of carrying out part.The high-load region at turning point place (upper dead point 30 and bottom dead centre 32) is the fusing again of full surface about piston; and the low-load region between it only is provided with discrete laser treatment circuit (rhombus pattern for example; referring to Fig. 3 to 5), it provides enough friction protections herein.This way has shortened process period widely, because only need handle the very working face surface of small portion.If entire working surface surface or major part all need to carry out Laser Surface Treatment, so just need cool off crankcase, for example this can realize by making the existing cooling water system that a kind of heat-eliminating medium flows through crankcase.When only carrying out partially disposed, except removing from upper and lower sides the energy of bringing into, for example to remove this energy just enough by contacting with water-cooled copper coin.
In a word, the present invention proposes the combination of a kind of thermospray (plasma spraying) and Laser Surface Treatment.At this moment,, avoided the porousness of coating, and under enough big depth of fusion, produced and be connected with underlying metal by the previous sprayed coating that applies of fusing again.Suitable is only carries out the fusing again on full surface at high-load region with laser apparatus 12, does not melt or only for example melts in the zone of rhombus, dash area and dot pattern at a figure template again and do not do in all the other zones.
Not only to have such possibility, promptly the sprayed coating that has applied is carried out the melt processed again of complementarity.Be located immediately at the front in plasma coated district along reach direction 25, the molten bath 28 that is produced by laser beam 12 causes being connected with basic unit generation metallicity with the solid-state or liquid powder that infeeds 16.Under high speed of advancement, coating structure is by base material, has dissolved and only partly thin alloy zone and a relative thicker sprayed coating of the former powder 16 of fusing constitute.Because little interlock is improved, by this inter coat the coating adhesive power between sprayed coating and the alloy layer is improved greatly, this just must do expensive, expensive pre-treatment (cleaning and irradiation) in order to make sprayed coating reach enough coating adhesive powers to the coatingsurface 20 that will apply before having saved.This moment can described be used for coating processing that parts surface handles after again in conjunction with the honing processing of a polished surface.
The above-mentioned explanation of preferred embodiment is interpreted as just the use-case subsolution releases the present invention.A flexible and particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is, thermospray and Laser Surface Treatment are combined in this wise, make with thermospray on full surface during applying coating material 16 or on full surface during the working face of spraying cylinder, laser apparatus or laser beam only shine the local line part, and the formation of circuit wherein is similar to the front at the illustrated pattern of plasma coated.At this moment, laser apparatus for example is to move together constantly when spray treatment, but just partly connects, thereby obtains the pattern of a requirement.
Claims (19)
1. with a method, it is characterized in that particle beam scans parts surface to be processed according to a predetermined pattern at least in part by the particle beam processing element surface of thermospray generation.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that thermospray is implemented by means of flame plating, the plasma spraying with a beam-plasma or high pressure (HV) spraying.
3. according to the method for claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that predetermined pattern comprises at least to surface to be processed single pass, especially twice reverse scanning or with the repeatedly spiral scanning of a predetermined ascending angle at least in part.
4. according to the method one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that ascending angle α comprises the angle of one 1 °-90 ° of scopes.
5. according to the method one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, surface to be processed is the cylinder face that matches with a piston in the cylinder of crank case of internal combustion engine, is to carry out in the upper dead point of piston and a zone between the bottom dead centre according to a scanning of subscribing pattern.
6. according to the method one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that pattern comprises linear, the scanning corneous, that intersect and/or point-like that surface to be processed is carried out.
7. according to the method one of in the aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that a beam-plasma scans at least in part entirely outwardly to parts surface to be processed.
8. according to the method for claim 7, it is characterized in that surface to be processed is the cylinder face that matches with a piston in the cylinder of crank case of internal combustion engine, the scanning on full surface is to carry out in a zone of the upper dead point of piston and/or bottom dead centre.
9. according to the method for claim 8, it is characterized in that the scanning on full surface is carried out on a height at least, this height is corresponding to the width of the piston ring group of piston.
10. according to the method for claim 9, it is characterized in that the scanning on full surface is 12% of travel of piston above the amount of the width of the piston ring group of piston, for example is approximately 5mm.
11. the method according to one of in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, near the regional area before the particle beam zone of action, in this zone and/or in the regional area after this zone, with laser beam the material of parts is implemented fusing.
12. the method according to claim 11 is characterized in that, fusing utilizes laser beam to carry out according to a predetermined pattern.
13. the method according to claim 11 or 12 is characterized in that, by molten bath of fusing formation of component materials.
14. the method according to one of in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that parts are crankcases of a piston type internal combustion engine, the coating of coating is to implement on the cylinder face of its cylinder.
15. the method according to claim 14 is characterized in that, during handling, makes a kind of heat-eliminating medium, especially gas, nitrogen or a kind of cooling liqs flow in the water cavity of crankcase.
16. the method according to one of in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, by means of particle beam a kind of powder attitude material, especially silicon or a kind of silicon alloy is coated on the component materials.
17. the method according to one of in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that parts are made with aluminium.
18. the method according to one of in the aforementioned claim is characterized in that, by surface treatment, constitutes a wearing face, the especially wearing face of thermally sprayed coating form on the surface of parts.
19. the method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, follows after the thermospray operation honing processing of surface enforcement of applying coating.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19907102.0 | 1999-02-19 | ||
| DE19907102 | 1999-02-19 | ||
| DE19941564A DE19941564A1 (en) | 1999-02-19 | 1999-09-01 | Process for processing a surface of a component |
| DE19941564.1 | 1999-09-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1340111A true CN1340111A (en) | 2002-03-13 |
| CN1192123C CN1192123C (en) | 2005-03-09 |
Family
ID=26051948
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB008039178A Expired - Fee Related CN1192123C (en) | 1999-02-19 | 2000-01-26 | Method for machining a component surface |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1161571B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1192123C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000049195A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104031280A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 滁州市宏源喷涂有限公司 | Treatment process for hardening plastic surface |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7458358B2 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2008-12-02 | Federal Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Thermal oxidation protective surface for steel pistons |
| CN104419883A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-03-18 | 北京赛亿科技股份有限公司 | Method for intensifying plasma beam on surface of combustion chamber of aluminum piston of internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD242638A1 (en) * | 1985-11-18 | 1987-02-04 | Ibr Fuer Entwickl Techn U Rat | METHOD FOR IMPROVING ADHESIVE STRENGTH OF METAL INJECTION LAYERS |
| US4897283A (en) * | 1985-12-20 | 1990-01-30 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Process of producing aligned permanent magnets |
| US5079043A (en) * | 1990-12-03 | 1992-01-07 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Method for spraying a coating on a disk |
| US5271967A (en) * | 1992-08-21 | 1993-12-21 | General Motors Corporation | Method and apparatus for application of thermal spray coatings to engine blocks |
-
2000
- 2000-01-26 WO PCT/EP2000/000572 patent/WO2000049195A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-01-26 CN CNB008039178A patent/CN1192123C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-26 EP EP00903632A patent/EP1161571B1/en not_active Revoked
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104031280A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 滁州市宏源喷涂有限公司 | Treatment process for hardening plastic surface |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1161571B1 (en) | 2004-06-16 |
| CN1192123C (en) | 2005-03-09 |
| EP1161571A1 (en) | 2001-12-12 |
| WO2000049195A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
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Granted publication date: 20050309 Termination date: 20100228 |