CN1332050C - Process for preparing vanadium base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy - Google Patents
Process for preparing vanadium base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN1332050C CN1332050C CNB2005100571564A CN200510057156A CN1332050C CN 1332050 C CN1332050 C CN 1332050C CN B2005100571564 A CNB2005100571564 A CN B2005100571564A CN 200510057156 A CN200510057156 A CN 200510057156A CN 1332050 C CN1332050 C CN 1332050C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen storing alloy. Which comprises selecting raw materials, making a reactor, preparing and mixing materials, adding the materials and igniting a pyrophoric composition to carry out reaction, cooling alloy and slag and breaking the slag to take the vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen storing alloy VaTi<b>Ni<c>Cr<d>Al<e>. ammonium metavanadate powders with the purity of greater than or equal to 98.0%, titanium dioxide powders, chromic oxide powders, pure metal nickel powders, pure metal aluminium powders and lime powders with the purity of greater than or equal to 95.0% are selected as the raw materials. The granularity range of the selected raw materials is between 1mm and 3.0mm. the inner liner of the reactor is made of a fireproof magnesium material. The ammonium metavanadate powders, the titanium dioxide powders, the chromic oxide powders, the pure metal nickel powders and the lime powders are evenly mixed and baked to be with a temperature between 150 DEG C and 200 DEG C. Before the materials are added, the ammonium metavanadate powders, the titanium dioxide powders, the chromic oxide powders, the pure metal nickel powders and the lime powders are evenly mixed with the pure metal aluminium powders. The preparing method of the present invention has the advantages of low cost, simple preparing course and easy operation.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the preparation method of Metallic Functional Materials, be applicable to the preparation of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy and titanium base hydrogen-storing alloy.
Technical background:
For the jumbo secondary cell of exploitation, developed a series of vanadium base solid solution type hydrogen-storage alloys that are used for secondary cell both at home and abroad in recent years, wherein typical alloy has V
35Ti
25Cr
40, wherein the element index number is an element wt percentage composition in the alloy; V
3TiNi
0.56M
x, M wherein
xBe Al, Cr, Co, Cu, Si, Mo, Nb, Hf, Ta, Mn, Fe, the combination of one or more elements among the Zr, each element index number and x are element atom number ratio in the alloy in this alloy, x=0.046～0.24.Japanese patent application document JP 2002-003975 discloses a kind of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy Ti
aV
bNi
cM
d, M is Cr in the formula, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ta, W, La, Ce, Y, Mm, Co, Fe, Cu, Si, Al, B, Zr, Hf, Mm is a mishmetal, 15%≤a≤45%, 35%≤b≤70%, 5%≤c≤20%, 0%≤d≤8%, from the specification sheets of the document, the preparation of its alloy is to be raw material with metallic elements such as pure metal vanadium, titanium and mixed rare-earth elements, prepares with method of fusion in induction furnace.Because the pure metal vanadium costs an arm and a leg, equipment used vacuum induction furnace and vacuum arc fumace complex structure, preparation process energy consumption height makes the price of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy high, has seriously limited the large-scale development of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy and has used.Chinese patent CN02128016.9 discloses a kind of V
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eThe preparation method, this method is made raw material with Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, pure metal aluminium powder and lime powder, adopts the self propagating high temperature synthesis method to prepare V
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eHydrogen-storage alloy is because the price of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is higher, so adopt the cost of hydrogen-storage alloy of this method preparation higher.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eThe preparation method, to realize reducing significantly the preparation cost of this alloy.
Technical scheme involved in the present invention is:
(1) material choice
Select the lime powder of ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, pure metal aluminium powder and purity 〉=95.0% of purity 〉=98.0% to make raw material, the size range of selected raw material is 1～3.0mm;
(2) make reactor
Reactor linings is made of magnesite refractory, MgO content 〉=98.0% in the magnesite refractory, and the ratio of high H of reactor linings and diameter D is controlled at H/D=0.8～1.5, and liner wall thickness δ is 15～120mm.Before the preparation alloy reactor linings is baked to 500～600 ℃;
(3) batching and batch mixing
This alloy is prepared burden by selected raw material and weight percent:
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 30.0～40.4%,
Titanium dioxide powder 20.8～26.1%,
Chromium sesquioxide powder 2.4～24.8%,
Pure metal nickel powder 2.8～3.7%,
Pure metal aluminium powder 20.2～23.5%,
Lime powder 3.4～13.1%,
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, lime powder are mixed, and be baked to 150-200 ℃, mix with the pure metal aluminium powder again before feeding in raw material;
(4) reinforced with light priming mixture and react;
To add in the reactor through twice raw materials mixed, igniting makes the reaction of raw material generation self propagating high temperature.
(5) cooled alloy and slag;
Reaction finishes, and the standing and reacting device makes its naturally cooling in air.
(6) vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V is got in break
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
e
After slag and alloy solidify fully, take off and remove slag, take out alloy, remove a small amount of slag of alloy surface agglutinating.At vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eIn, a, b, c, d, e are respectively the weight percentage of vanadium, titanium, nickel, chromium, aluminium, and its span is respectively 35%≤a≤63.9%, 19.5%≤b≤25%, 0%≤c≤13.7%, 0%≤d≤40%, 0%≤e≤2.3%.
Technique effect of the present invention:
According to vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy self-propagating high temperature synthesis preparation method provided by the invention, many batches of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloys have been prepared.Table 1 is the alloy V of the present invention's preparation
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
23The chemical composition analysis result can find out that from table 1 the alloy composition that the present invention prepares can reach the requirement of target alloy fully.Fig. 2 is the V of the present invention's preparation
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3The X ray diffracting spectrum of alloy, Fig. 3 is for pure metal vanadium, titanium, nickel, aluminium being the alloy V of raw material induction melting preparation under hydrogen atmosphere
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3X ray diffracting spectrum, comparison diagram 2 can be found out with Fig. 3, with the vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V of the present invention's preparation
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3Alloy V with the preparation of induction melting under hydrogen atmosphere
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3Thing phase basically identical.
| The target alloy | The chemical composition analysis of the alloy of the inventive method preparation is % as a result | |||
| V | Ti | Ni | Al | |
| V 63.9Ti 20Ni 13.8Al 2.3 | 63.5 | 20.3 | 13.7 | 2.2 |
Because the pure metal vanadium costs an arm and a leg (about 2,000,000 yuan/ton), and the price of industrial ammonium meta-vanadate 〉=99.0% is less than 10% of pure metal vanadium, compare with vacuum arc melting method technology of preparing with vacuum (or under hydrogen atmosphere) induction melting, it is low that the present invention prepares the raw materials used price of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy, in addition, it is easy to operate that the present invention also has method, it is simple to prepare required device structure, the advantage that can under air atmosphere, prepare, even consider aluminium powder and lime powder that the present invention prepares needs consumption, prepare vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy with the inventive method the alloy price is reduced significantly.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of reactor;
Fig. 2 is the alloy V of the present invention's preparation
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3X ray diffraction collection of illustrative plates;
Fig. 3 for the pure metal vanadium, admire, nickel, aluminium is the raw material alloy V that induction melting prepares under hydrogen atmosphere
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3X ray diffraction collection of illustrative plates;
In Fig. 1:
The 1-gudgeon, the shell that the 2-general steel plate is made, the 3-asbestos plate,
4-mgo refractory liner;
In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3: X-coordinate 2 θ represent diffraction angle, and ordinate zou is represented diffracted intensity, the crystal indices that are designated the vanadium base solid solution principal phase on the x ray diffraction peaks.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1 V
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3
(1) raw material is prepared by following specific requirement:
Weight percent/% granularity/mm purity
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 37.7 1～2 NH
4VO
3＞98.0%
Titanium dioxide powder 26.1 1～2 TiO2＞98.0%
Pure metal nickel powder 2.8 1～2 Ni＞98.0%
Pure metal aluminium powder 21.4 1～2 Al＞98.0%
Lime powder 12 1～2 CaO＞95.0%
By above-mentioned requirements to raw material respectively after the weighing, with ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, lime powder mixes and be baked to 150～200 ℃ after, mix with the pure metal aluminium powder again, reactor is baked to 500～600 ℃ simultaneously.
(2) raw material that adds a bed thickness 30～40mm equably at reactor bottom is made bed material, make priming mixture with 3g Potcrate and 12g magnesium powder mixture, MAGNESIUM METAL row culture safety fuse, light and allow raw material generation self propagating high temperature react, after forming the molten bath, add remaining whole raw material continuously equably, reaction makes reactor leave standstill cooling in air after finishing.
(3) after slag and the alloy total condensation, take reactor top slag off, take out bulk alloy at reactor lower part.Remove a small amount of slag of alloy surface agglutinating, promptly make required hydrogen-storage alloy V
63.9Ti
20Ni
13.8Al
2.3
Embodiment 2 preparation alloy V
63.9Ti
20.1Ni
13.7Al
2.3
Prepare by following concrete component and weight percent:
Raw material weight per-cent %
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 40.4
Titanium dioxide powder 23.1
Pure metal nickel powder 3.2
Pure metal aluminium powder 20.2
Lime powder 13.1
Its granularity, purity, preparation method are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3 preparation alloy V
62.1Ti
19.5Ni
13.3Cr
5.1
(1) kind of raw material, proportioning, granularity and purity are as follows:
Raw material weight per-cent/% granularity/mm purity
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 34.2 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Titanium dioxide powder 25.1 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Chromium sesquioxide powder 2.4 1～2 Cr
2O
3＞98.0%
Pure metal nickel powder 3.7 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Pure metal aluminium powder 23.5 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Lime powder 11.1 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Earlier carry out weighing to raw material is every respectively by above-mentioned requirements, with ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, lime powder mixes and be baked to 150～200 ℃ after, mix with the pure metal aluminium powder again, reactor is baked to 500～600 ℃ simultaneously.Remaining each step operation is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4 preparation hydrogen-storage alloy V
35Ti
25Cr
40
(1) kind of raw material, proportioning, granularity and purity are as follows:
Raw material weight per-cent/% granularity/mm purity
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 30.0 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Titanium dioxide powder 20.8 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Chromium sesquioxide powder 24.8 with embodiment 4 with embodiment 4
Pure metal aluminium powder 21.0 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
Lime powder 3.4 with embodiment 1 with embodiment 1
By above-mentioned requirements respectively to raw material is every carry out weighing after, with ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, lime powder mixes and be baked to 150～200 ℃ after, mix with the pure metal aluminium powder again, reactor is baked to 500～600 ℃ simultaneously.Remaining each step operation is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of preparation method of vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy is characterized in that:
(1) material choice
Select the lime powder of ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, pure metal aluminium powder and purity 〉=95.0% of purity 〉=98.0% to make raw material, the size range of selected raw material is 1～3.0mm;
(2) make reactor
Reactor linings is made of magnesite refractory, MgO content 〉=98.0% in the magnesite refractory, and the ratio of high H of reactor linings and diameter D is controlled at H/D=0.8～1.5, and liner wall thickness δ is 15～120mm.Before the preparation alloy reactor linings is baked to 500～600 ℃;
(3) batching and batch mixing
This alloy is prepared burden by selected raw material and weight percent:
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 30.0～40.4%,
Titanium dioxide powder 20.8～26.1%,
Chromium sesquioxide powder 2.4～24.8%,
Pure metal nickel powder 2.8～3.7%,
Pure metal aluminium powder 20.2～23.5%,
Lime powder 3.4～13.1%,
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal nickel powder, lime powder are mixed, and be baked to 150-200 ℃, mix with the pure metal aluminium powder again before feeding in raw material;
(4) raw material that adds a bed thickness 30～40mm equably at reactor bottom is made bed material, make priming mixture with Potcrate and magnesium powder mixture, MAGNESIUM METAL row culture safety fuse is lighted and is allowed raw material generation self propagating high temperature reaction, after forming the molten bath, add remaining whole raw material continuously equably;
(5) cooled alloy and slag;
(6) vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V is got in break
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
e
At vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eIn, a, b, c, d, e are respectively the weight percentage of vanadium, titanium, nickel, chromium, aluminium, and its span is respectively 35%≤a≤63.9%, 19.5%≤b≤25%, 0%≤c≤13.7%, 0%≤d≤40%, 0%≤e≤2.9%.
2, vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V according to claim 1
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eThe preparation method, it is characterized in that alloy V
63.9Ti
20.1Ni
13.7Al
2.3The preparation method be:
This alloy is prepared burden by selected raw material and concrete weight percent:
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 40.4%
Titanium dioxide powder 23.1%
Pure metal nickel powder 3.2%,
Pure metal aluminium powder 20.2%,
Lime powder 13.1%.
3, vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V according to claim 1
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eThe preparation method, it is characterized in that alloy V
62.1Ti
19.5Ni
13.3Cr
5.1The preparation method be:
This alloy is prepared burden by selected raw material and concrete weight percent:
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 34.2
Titanium dioxide powder 25.1
Chromium sesquioxide powder 2.4
Pure metal nickel powder 3.7
Pure metal aluminium powder 23.5
Lime powder 11.1.
4, vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy V according to claim 1
aTi
bNi
cCr
dAl
eThe preparation method, it is characterized in that alloy V
35Ti
25Cr
40The preparation method be:
(1) material choice
Select the lime powder of ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder, pure metal aluminium powder and purity 〉=95.0% of purity 〉=98.0% to make raw material; The granularity of selected raw material is 1～3mm;
(2) before the preparation alloy reactor is baked to 500-600C;
(3) batching and batch mixing
The concrete weight percent proportioning of raw material is:
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder 30.0%,
Titanium dioxide powder 20.8%,
Chromium sesquioxide powder 24.8%,
Pure metal aluminium powder 21.0%,
Lime powder 3.4%;
Ammonium meta-vanadate powder, titanium dioxide powder, chromium sesquioxide powder and lime powder are mixed after the weighing respectively, and be baked to 150～200 ℃, mix with the pure metal aluminium powder again.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001247927A (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Tdk Corp | Vanadium base solid solution type hydrogen storage alloy |
| CN1417363A (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2003-05-14 | 重庆大学 | Vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy and its prepn process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001247927A (en) * | 2000-03-06 | 2001-09-14 | Tdk Corp | Vanadium base solid solution type hydrogen storage alloy |
| CN1417363A (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2003-05-14 | 重庆大学 | Vanadium-base solid solution hydrogen-storing alloy and its prepn process |
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