CN1331427C - Dried product and drying process of vegetable, fruit, fresh traditional Chinese medicine except for minerals - Google Patents
Dried product and drying process of vegetable, fruit, fresh traditional Chinese medicine except for minerals Download PDFInfo
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Landscapes
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a drying product of vegetables, fruit and fresh Chinese medicinal plant except for mineral medicine and a drying technique thereof. The present invention is characterized in that the moisture content of the drying product is 0 to 10%, and full chemical composition is reserved except for water. A drying method comprises the following steps: combining programs of deepfreeze and sublimation drying by gas turbine expanding refrigeration technology; cooling fresh vegetables, fruit and Chinese medicinal plant except for mineral medicine until 20 to 120 below zero DEG C by compressed air for 5 to 30 minutes; changing the pressure percentage of air expansion; blowing the surface of the material with cold dry wind which is processed by drying and is cooled by gas turbine expanding refrigeration technology comprising air, nitrogen and inert gas whose eutectic point is lower than that of the material about 3 to 30 DEG C to achieve the purpose of drying. The overall process of the present invention uses a physical method, and has no harmful effect on the environment and the material.
Description
Invention field
The invention belongs to chemical industry, light industry processing technique field, further relate to the drying of a kind of bright product farming, animal husbandry and fishery product, the Chinese medicine except that mineral drug, fruit, vegetables and food and reach the process technology of full composition preservation.
Background technology
Along with science and technology development, the technical merit of agriculture and animal husbandry fishing has also obtained significant progress, and Related product output rises rapidly, and quality also is greatly improved, and unprecedented good harvest scene occurred; Simultaneously, the raising of road and capital construction level makes the strange land of farming, animal husbandry and fishery product sell also more and more general.But problem is also more and more outstanding, for example since fresh vegetables fruit in the storage life still the growth, be active plant, the long term storage difficulty is bigger, is easy to rot; Simultaneously because it contains large quantity of moisture, increased the cost of storage, transportation, sale.People mainly adopt forms such as making drink, can to carry out deep processing to the vegetalitas agricultural product, adopt thermophilic digestion or squeeze juice in the process, active component is lost in a large number, the loss of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic substance etc. causes the nutrient imbalance that human body is taken on the one hand in the fruit and vegetable juice, causes waste on the one hand and to the pollution of environment.Therefore, in recent years, processing mode more and more trends towards the composition loss and destroys little freeze-drying method, and this wherein the most universal method is a vacuum freeze-drying method.Vacuum freeze-drying method is compared with the conventional method that contains heating or squeeze the juice, and the destruction of composition is reduced greatly.But, because the refrigerating method that vacuum freeze-drying method adopted is for using the freon refrigeration method of traditional freezing by change of state principle, it is slow to have chilling rate, the problem that refrigerating efficiency is low, on the one hand can slowly cause Partial Protein because of cooling rate, the inactivation of active enzyme especially is on the one hand because the crystal ice granule that forms in the raw cell, tissue is bigger, and the raw tissue cell is damaged, cause damage; Vacuum freeze-drying method forms the mode of vacuum with constantly bleeding of vavuum pump simultaneously, moisture in the raw material is removed with the distillation form below eutectic point, efficient is very low, a dry batch materials often needs tens hours, even the longer time, therefore, usually need the mode of additional heat energy to provide the sublimation energy of ice crystal to improve drying efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose the dry product of a kind of vegetables, fruit and the aquatic foods product Chinese medicine except that mineral drug; The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of vegetables, fruit and the aquatic foods product Chinese medicine except that mineral drug and carry out the hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization technology that full composition keeps.
The present invention discloses the dry product of a kind of vegetables, fruit and the aquatic foods product Chinese medicine except that mineral drug, and moisture content of material can be reduced to 0-10% after treatment, and the full chemical composition that can reach beyond dewatering keeps; Described full chemical composition reservation is that other component contents except that volatile ingredient are compared with the aquatic foods product, and greater than 80%, volatile ingredient is compared with the aquatic foods product, and content is greater than 50%.
The present invention discloses the dry technology of a kind of vegetables, fruit and the aquatic foods product Chinese medicine except that mineral drug, it is characterized in that adopting gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology that cryogenic quick-freezing and two programs of lyophilization are combined, use the compressed air of 0.5～0.9Mpa, initial air expansion pressure is 3～9 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), aquatic foods product vegetables, fruit and the Chinese medicine except that mineral drug in 5-30 minute, are cooled to-20～-120 degrees centigrade; Change subsequently air expansion pressure than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure) to 2～4, with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 3-30 degree centigrade of raw material eutectic point through gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration and dry air, nitrogen, inert gas, make moisture content of material reduce to 0-10%.
Above-mentioned turbine-entry temperature can be 20-30 degree centigrade; Turbine efficiency is 0.65～0.85.
Low temperature cold source provides and can be to adopt air compressor with air to the acquisition of the cold dry-air blast of low temperature in the described hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization technology, nitrogen or other chemically inactive gas are compressed to 0.5～0.9MPa, with pressure is that the Compressed Gas of 0.5～0.9Mpa passes through water cooler successively, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger cooling, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, by stepless speed regulation, obtain-20～-120 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas, enter freeze drying chamber in the forced convection mode then and material carries out heat exchange and mass transfer (spreading out of the moisture in the material).
The dry product of bright product vegetables of the present invention, fruit and the Chinese medicine except that mineral drug, except having the advantages that full composition keeps, keep advantages such as its original phytomorph, smell and color and luster in addition, because the removal of moisture in the institutional framework, the material physical property is changed, short texture, be easy to pulverize, and rehydration is good, make full composition vegetables, Fruit powder, Chinese medicine powder after can pulverizing, be used for health care and daily edible purpose, and become the new medicine medicine materical crude slice that a kind of new Chinese medicine preparation method obtains.
The technology of the present invention is compared with Vacuum Freezing ﹠ Drying Technology, it is fast to have chilling rate, chilling temperature is low, rate of drying is fast, to enzyme and sensitive chemical composition keep comprehensively and content high, and require temperature low more, required relative time is short more, whole process using physical processes are to advantages such as material and environment are all pollution-free; The reservation of chemical composition can improve 25% for volatile ingredient than vacuum freeze drying, for involatile constituent, can improve 40% than vacuum freeze drying; Because using chemically inactive gas is cold-producing medium, is again refrigerant, there is not the energy exchange loss, can reduce energy consumption, there is not the destruction of conventional refrigerants simultaneously to ozone layer etc., help protecting environment.In addition, air turbine swell refrigeration and dry technology method maturation, reliable, heat and mass is once finished, and main economic and technical indices reaches or is better than vacuum freeze-drying method.
The present invention compares with simple cryogenics; when making the material moisture lyophilization; the employing of low temperature drying chemical inertness air in the lyophilization link; the composition that is easy to oxidation in the material is well protected; the coupling of the temperature difference, cold-trap, molecular sieve and drier or branch are with improving the mass transfer ability of chemically inactive gas with cold dry-air blast form greatly; additional or the method for the change of additional cycles blast not can further improve the lyophilization speed of moisture in the material.Compare with the deep cooling condition that cold-producing mediums such as freon cause, it is fast to have toggle speed, and cryogenic temperature is low, and is simple in structure, need not multi-stage refrigerating, and can make cold be delivered to advantages such as material inside rapidly.
The squeeze the juice processing method of postlyophilization of the present invention and general melon and fruit, vegetables is compared, have and preserved slightly solubilities such as original cellulose, pectic substance in the plant, and to human body beneficial's composition, the characteristics that full composition keeps have been realized, the pollution that waste liquid, waste sludge discharge may cause in the technology such as avoided simultaneously squeezing the juice.
The dry experiment of experimental example 1 carrot
1, equipment: air turbine refrigeration source and freeze drying box, source of the gas generator and drying equipment.
2, experiment material: fresh carrot section 125 grams
3, experimental result:
After fresh carrot 125 dry quick-freezing fresh-keepings of gram process ultralow temperature and the low temperature drying, dried carrot heavily is 16.5 grams, removes moisture 108.5 grams.Remove moisture 87% altogether.
4, fresh-keeping status testing method:
The mensuration of carotenoid content in aquatic foods product and dry product carrot
1) experiment material, reagent and instrument
Material: bright product carrot, (by this technology drying, dry front and back quality is respectively 125.0g to dry product to the dry product carrot, 16.5g) by aquatic foods product carrot.
Reagent: 90% aqueous acetone solution.
Instrument: Varian Cary 1E UV-Visible spectrophotometer, centrifuge, mixer.
2) experimental technique
Sample preparation: with mixer aquatic foods product carrot is blended as far as possible, take by weighing about 1.2g in test tube, accurately add 90% aqueous acetone solution of 5ml, cover lid is immediately parallelly done 4 parts.With the as far as possible chopping of hilt dry product carrot, take by weighing about 0.3g in test tube, accurately add 90% aqueous acetone solution of 5ml, cover lid is immediately parallelly done 4 parts.Above-mentioned 8 duplicate samples, be put in and extract 1hr in the ultrasonoscope, use the centrifuge centrifugation then, respectively accurately each sample supernatant liquor 2ml in the volumetric flask of 10ml, with 90% aqueous acetone solution quantitatively to 10ml.
Detection method: measure the absorbance of above-mentioned 8 duplicate samples respectively to 350nm to 670nm light wave with spectrophotometer, observe waveform, identical with document, the difference of getting the absorbance of 440nm and 660nm is the absorbance of carotenoid, and (440nm is the carrot absorbance of document [1] appointment, and 660nm is a baseline, each wavelength is measured respectively three times, average), calculate content of carotenoid according to the formula of document [1], and the ratio of the content in the content of carotenoid in dry product and the aquatic foods product.The formula of document [1] is:
X: content of carotenoid in the analytic sample (mg/100g sample) (calculating) by extracting fully;
D
440: the absorbance of the liquid layer that 1cm is thick under 440nm has deducted the baseline absorbance of 660nm;
A: the volume of extract, be 10ml, also preparation process per sample multiply by 5/2, promptly equals 25ml;
M: the weight of analytic sample, for dry product, convert back undried quality, translation method:
m
0: the carrot quality (g) that takes by weighing, for aquatic foods product, m
0=m;
m
A: the quality of whole carrots before dry is 125.0g;
m
B: dry back is the quality of carrot all, is 16.5g.
3) experimental result
So the ratio of the content of carotenoid in dry product and aquatic foods product is:
The ratio of the content of carotenoid in dry product and aquatic foods product is 86.03%, proves this technology when having removed a large amount of moisture content, the reasonable active ingredient that keeps carrot.
[1] X.H. Bo Qinnuoke [Soviet Union], Jing Jiahai, Ding Zhongrong, photobiochemistry analytical method, Science Press, 1981
5, result and analysis:
Extract with the acetone ultrasonic method, the determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry carotene carotene content is fresh-keeping index, parallel with conventional drying method and hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method processing carrot, compare with fresh carrot, it is 41.23% that the conventional drying method is handled back product carotene carotene content, and it is 86.03% that hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is handled back product carotene carotene content.Therefore, be index with carrotene, hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is compared with the conventional drying method, and the preservativity of carrot is enhanced about more than once.
Experimental example 2 fresh ginseng drying experiments
1, equipment: air turbine refrigeration source and freeze drying box, source of the gas generator and drying equipment.
2, experiment material: fresh ginseng section 30 grams
3, experimental result:
After the fresh-keeping and low temperature drying, the dry ginseng weighs 11.4 grams to fresh ginseng 30 gram, removes moisture 18.6 grams through super low temperature quick frozens.The clean water content of fresh ginseng is moisture 61.64 grams of 100 gram fresh ginsengs through actual measurement, and promptly fresh ginseng is moisture is 61.64%.So after the quick-freezing fresh-keeping low temperature drying, remove 18.6 gram water, be equivalent to moisture in the fresh ginseng 100% is removed moisture-free among the dry ginseng.
The net weight ratio of dry ginseng and fresh ginseng is done/aquatic foods=11.4/30=0.38.
4, fresh-keeping situation test:
Extract with the ethanol ultrasonic method, the peak area that efficient liquid phase is measured the sanchinoside E1 is fresh-keeping index, parallel with conventional drying method and hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method processing fresh ginseng, compare with fresh ginseng, it is 32.35% that the conventional drying method is handled back product sanchinoside E1 content, and it is 85.27% that hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is handled back product sanchinoside E1 content.Therefore, be index with sanchinoside E1, hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is compared with the conventional drying method, improves more than 1.5 times to the preservativity of genseng.
Experimental example 3 bright aloe drying experiments
1, equipment: air turbine refrigeration source and freeze drying box, source of the gas generator and drying equipment.
2, experiment material: bright aloe section 40 grams
3, experimental result:
After the fresh-keeping and low temperature drying, dried aloe weighs 1.4 grams to fresh slices aloe 40 gram, removes moisture 38.6 grams through super low temperature quick frozens.
The net weight ratio of dried aloe and bright aloe is done/aquatic foods=1.4/40=0.035.
4, fresh-keeping situation test:
Extract with the ethanol ultrasonic method, the peak area that efficient liquid phase is measured aloe-emodin is fresh-keeping index, parallelly handle bright aloe with conventional drying method and hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method, compare with fresh ginseng, it is 37.36% that the conventional drying method is handled back product aloe-emodine content, and it is 91.25% that hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is handled back product aloe-emodine content.Therefore, be index with the aloe-emodin, hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is compared with the conventional drying method, more than the preservativity raising twice to aloe.
Experimental example 4 bright pilose antler drying experiments
1, equipment: air turbine refrigeration source and freeze drying box, source of the gas generator and drying equipment.
2, experiment material: bright pilose antler section 150 grams
3, experimental result:
After the fresh-keeping and low temperature drying, dried pilose antler weighs 69 grams to bright pilose antler 150 grams, removes moisture 81 grams through super low temperature quick frozens.
The net weight ratio of dried pilose antler and bright pilose antler is done/aquatic foods=69/150=0.46.
4, fresh-keeping situation test:
Extract with the ethanol ultrasonic method, determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry 253nm pilose antler maximum absorption band absorbance is fresh-keeping index, parallelly handle bright pilose antler with conventional drying method and hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method, compare with bright pilose antler, it is 0.31 in 253nm place absorbance that the conventional drying method is handled the back product, and it is 0.54 in 253nm place absorbance that hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is handled the back product.Therefore, be index with 253nm place absorbance, hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization method is compared with the conventional drying method, and the preservativity of pilose antler is improved nearly one times.
Further specify the present invention by following examples.
Embodiment 1 carrot drying
With fresh carrot 125 grams, adopt gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology, adjusting initial air expansion pressure is 8 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), turbine-entry temperature is 20 degrees centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.7 in 10 minutes, be cooled to-80 degrees centigrade rapidly, the aqueous water in the carrot institutional framework is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Changing air expansion pressure subsequently is 3 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), with drying and blow in the fresh carrot surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast of 15 degrees centigrade of low sub-raw material eutectic points through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, the moisture in the fresh carrot is distilled at low temperatures.Dried carrot heavily is 16.5 grams, removes moisture 108.5 grams.Remove moisture 87% altogether.Cold dry-air blast wherein is to adopt air compressor that air is compressed to 0.8MPa, Compressed Gas is cooled off by water cooler, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger successively, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, obtain-80 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas.
Embodiment 2 fresh ginseng dryings
With fresh ginseng 30 grams, adopt gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology, adjusting initial air expansion pressure is 7.8 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), turbine-entry temperature is 25 degrees centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.75, in 25 minutes, is cooled to-100 degrees centigrade rapidly, aqueous water in the fresh ginseng institutional framework is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Adjusting air expansion pressure subsequently is 3.3 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 25 degrees centigrade of raw material eutectic points through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, the moisture in the fresh ginseng is distilled at low temperatures.The dry ginseng weighs 11.4 grams, removes moisture 18.6 grams.Cold dry-air blast wherein is to adopt air compressor that air is compressed to 0.75MPa, Compressed Gas is cooled off by water cooler, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger successively, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, obtain-90 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas.
Embodiment 3 bright aloe dryings
With fresh slices aloe 40 grams, adopt gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology, adjusting initial air expansion pressure is 5.7 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), turbine-entry temperature is 28 degrees centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.75, in 15 minutes, is cooled to-70 degrees centigrade rapidly, aqueous water in the aloe institutional framework is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Adjusting air expansion pressure subsequently is 3.2 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 20 degrees centigrade of aloe eutectic points through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, nitrogen, inert gas, the moisture in the aloe is distilled at low temperatures.Dried aloe weighs 1.4 grams, removes moisture 38.6 grams.Cold dry-air blast wherein is to adopt air compressor that air is compressed to 0.6MPa, Compressed Gas is cooled off by water cooler, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger successively, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, obtain-60 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas.
Embodiment 4: bright pilose antler drying
With fresh slices pilose antler 150 grams, adopt gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology, adjusting initial air expansion pressure is 8.5 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), turbine-entry temperature is 20 degrees centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.75, in 30 minutes, is cooled to-110 degrees centigrade rapidly, aqueous water in the pilose antler institutional framework is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Adjusting air expansion pressure subsequently is 4 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), with drying and blow in the pilose antler surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 25 degrees centigrade of raw material eutectic points through the helium of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, the moisture in the pilose antler is distilled at low temperatures.After the fresh-keeping and low temperature drying, dried pilose antler weighs 69 grams to bright pilose antler 150 grams, removes moisture 81 grams through super low temperature quick frozens.Cold dry-air blast wherein is to adopt air compressor that helium is compressed to 0.8MPa, Compressed Gas is cooled off by water cooler, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger successively, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, obtain-90 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas.
Embodiment 5: bright earthworm drying
With bright earthworm 150 grams, adopt gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology, adjusting initial air expansion pressure is 0.9 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), turbine-entry temperature is 20 degrees centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.75, in 15 minutes, is cooled to-90 degrees centigrade rapidly, aqueous water in the earthworm institutional framework is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Adjusting air expansion pressure subsequently is 3.0 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), with drying and blow in the earthworm surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 25 degrees centigrade of raw material eutectic points through the nitrogen of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, the moisture in the earthworm is distilled at low temperatures.After the fresh-keeping and low temperature drying, dried earthworms weighs 30 grams to bright earthworm 150 grams, removes moisture 120 grams through super low temperature quick frozens.Cold dry-air blast wherein is to adopt air compressor that nitrogen is compressed to 0.9MPa, Compressed Gas is cooled off by water cooler, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger successively, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, obtain-110 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas.
Embodiment 6: the fresh apple drying
With fresh slices apple 200 grams, adjusting initial air expansion pressure is 5.7 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), turbine-entry temperature is 25 degrees centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.8, in 15 minutes, be cooled to-70 degrees centigrade rapidly, the aqueous water in the apple tissue structure is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Adjusting air expansion pressure subsequently is 3.2 than (air expansion pressure ratio=turbine intake air pressure/turbine outlet atmospheric pressure), with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 20 degrees centigrade of apple eutectic points through the nitrogen of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, the moisture in the apple is distilled at low temperatures.Dried apple weighs 47.5 grams, removes moisture 152.5 grams, removes moisture 76% altogether.Cold dry-air blast wherein is to adopt air compressor that nitrogen is compressed to 0.8MPa, Compressed Gas is cooled off by water cooler, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger successively, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, obtain-70 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas.
Claims (8)
1. the drying means of vegetables, fruit and the aquatic foods product Chinese medicine dry product except that mineral drug, it is characterized in that adopting gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology that cryogenic quick-freezing and two programs of lyophilization are combined, use the compressed air of 0.5～0.9Mpa, initial air expansion pressure ratio is 3～9, with aquatic foods product vegetables, fruit and the Chinese medicine except that mineral drug in 5-30 minute, be cooled to-20～-120 degrees centigrade rapidly, aqueous water in the raw tissue structure is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Change air expansion pressure ratio subsequently to 2～4, with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 3-30 degree centigrade of raw material eutectic point through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, nitrogen, inert gas, make moisture content of material reduce to 0-10%.
2. drying means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that vegetables, fruit and bright product botanical herbs material, use the compressed air of 0.6～0.9MPa, initial air expansion pressure ratio is 5～8.5, with vegetables, fruit and bright product botanical herbs material in 10-25 minute, be cooled to-60～-110 degrees centigrade rapidly, the aqueous water in the raw tissue structure is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Change air expansion pressure ratio subsequently to 2.5～3.5, with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 10-20 degree centigrade of raw material eutectic point through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, nitrogen, inert gas, make moisture content of material reduce to 0-10%.
3. drying means as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that using the compressed air of 0.8Mpa, initial air expansion pressure ratio is 8, with aquatic foods product vegetables, fruit and bright product botanical herbs material in 15 minutes, be cooled to-80 degrees centigrade rapidly, aqueous water in the raw tissue structure is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Change air expansion pressure ratio subsequently to 3, with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 15 degrees centigrade of raw material eutectic points through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, nitrogen, inert gas, make moisture content of material reduce to 0-10%.
4. drying means as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the animal tcm material, use the compressed air of 0.7～0.9Mpa, initial air expansion pressure ratio is 5～9, with the animal tcm material in 15-25 minute, be cooled to-60～-120 degrees centigrade rapidly, the aqueous water in the raw tissue structure is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Change air expansion pressure ratio subsequently to 2～4, with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 15-30 degree centigrade of raw material eutectic point through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, nitrogen, inert gas, make moisture content of material reduce to 0-10%.
5. drying means as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that the animal tcm material, use the compressed air of 0.8Mpa, initial air expansion pressure ratio is 8.5, with the animal tcm material in 30 minutes, be cooled to-110 degrees centigrade rapidly, the aqueous water in the raw tissue structure is solidified rapidly, become extremely small ice crystal; Change air expansion pressure ratio subsequently to 4, with drying and blow in the material surface with the form of the cold dry-air blast that is lower than 25 degrees centigrade of raw material eutectic points through the air of gas-turbine swell refrigeration technology refrigeration, nitrogen, inert gas, the moisture in the material is distilled at low temperatures.
6. as the arbitrary described drying means of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described turbine-entry temperature is 20-30 degree centigrade, turbine efficiency is 0.65～0.85.
7. as the arbitrary described drying means of claim 1-5, providing and being to adopt air compressor with air to the acquisition of the cold dry-air blast of low temperature of low temperature cold source in the described hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization technology is provided, nitrogen and other chemically inactive gas compression 0.5～0.9MPa, gases at high pressure are passed through water cooler successively, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger cooling, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, by stepless speed regulation, obtain-10～-120 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas, enter freeze drying chamber in the forced convection mode then and carry out carrying out heat exchange and mass transfer with material.
8. drying means as claimed in claim 6, providing and being to adopt air compressor with air to the acquisition of the cold dry-air blast of low temperature of low temperature cold source in the described hypervelocity deep cooling lyophilization technology is provided, nitrogen and other chemically inactive gas compression 0.6～0.8MPa, gases at high pressure are passed through water cooler successively, freon refrigeration unit or heat exchanger cooling, remove the moisture in the high pressure saturated gas simultaneously, further remove wherein moisture and carbon dioxide with molecular sieve adsorber, enter then and carry out adiabatic expansion in the turbo-expander, by stepless speed regulation, obtain-20～-120 degrees centigrade low temperature drying gas, enter freeze drying chamber in the forced convection mode then and carry out carrying out heat exchange and mass transfer with material.
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| BRPI0906324A2 (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2015-07-07 | Cryosalus Systems S L | Method for freezing fruit and vegetables. |
| CN103621922A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2014-03-12 | 句容市虎耳山无花果专业合作社 | Processing method for freeze-dried figs |
| CN104522439A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 陕西科技大学 | Fruit and vegetable helium gas high-pressure permeation and puffing method |
| CN104873443B (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2017-08-25 | 湖南一九生物科技有限公司 | A kind of SOD skin care item and preparation method |
| CN106509794A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-03-22 | 久芳（韩城）花椒有限公司 | Making method of wall-breaking fine-crushed spice powder |
| CN106387610A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-15 | 久芳（韩城）花椒有限公司 | Spice baking equipment and spice drying method thereof |
| CA3008858A1 (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2018-12-19 | Marija Djekic-Ivankovic | Prune-based nutrient-rich materials and related processes |
| CN108260666B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2021-08-10 | 安徽精益诚食品有限公司 | Processing chain of quick-freeze kernel of corn |
| CN108617756A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-09 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of fruits and vegetables method of freezing of liquid nitrogen combination high-pressure carbon dioxide processing |
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| CN2519209Y (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2002-10-30 | 叶明华 | Air turbine refrigerator |
| CN1439316A (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2003-09-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and apparatus for cryogenic fast freezing preservation and refrigerating dry of Chinese medicines and food |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2519209Y (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2002-10-30 | 叶明华 | Air turbine refrigerator |
| CN1439316A (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2003-09-03 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method and apparatus for cryogenic fast freezing preservation and refrigerating dry of Chinese medicines and food |
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